9.

Show an example in real engineering application of each Flat belt

and V-belt that arranged in open and cross drive system.

The two types of belt discussed in this question are :

1) Flat belt
2) V-belt
FLAT BELT
A flat belt is a belt with a flat surface, usually evenly textured on
both sides, used in a pulley system. Historically, flat belts were often used
for transmission of power from flywheels to other parts of machinery, and
today, they are commonly seen in use as conveyer belts or parts of belt
arrays, where the flat surface makes it easy to move products along the
top of the belt. Numerous companies design machines intended to work
with such belts, and sell replacement belts and belt sections made from a
variety of materials.

Leather was one of the original materials used in belt construction.

Today, nylon and other tough synthetics are commonly used because they
hold up longer. Rubber, metal, and other materials may be involved in the
construction of a flat belt, and some are reinforced with especially strong
materials to address concerns about structural integrity. When a flat belt is
used as part of a transmission, sometimes the belt is twisted to create a
Mobius Strip so it will wear evenly through use, lengthening the time
between replacements.

V-BELT
V belts (also style V-belts, vee belts, or, less commonly, wedge rope)
solved the slippage and alignment problem. It is now the basic belt for
power transmission. They provide the best combination of traction, speed
of movement, load of the bearings, and long service life. They are
generally endless, and their general cross-section shape is trapezoidal
(hence the name "V"). The "V" shape of the belt tracks in a mating groove
in the pulley (or sheave), with the result that the belt cannot slip off. The
belt also tends to wedge into the groove as the load increasesthe
greater the load, the greater the wedging actionimproving torque
transmission and making the V-belt an effective solution, needing less
width and tension than flat belts. V-belts trump flat belts with their small
center distances and high reduction ratios. The preferred center distance
is larger than the largest pulley diameter, but less than three times the
sum of both pulleys. Optimal speed range is 1,0007,000 ft/min (300
2,130 m/min). V-belts need larger pulleys for their thicker cross-section
than flat belts.

Belt Drive Arrangement

Machines operated by belt drives must have an idler, an adjustable

base or both
Idler used to help maintain constant tension on the belt.

Open Drive System belt

Cross Drive System Belt
APPLICATION FOR BOTH BELT SYSTEM IN REAL LIFE
1) Belt system in a lawnmower

2) Flat belt on an industrial machine

3) Motorcycle

4) Air compressor