Course Outline

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Brief overview of "what is vibration", Predictive Maintenance Applying Vibration Analysis.

Understanding of vibration measurements - Displacement, Velocity & Acceleration.
Applying the different measurements.
Vibration transducers - Displacement Probes, Velometers & Accelerometers.
Driver Vs Driven Equipment.
Measurement points - location and direction (horizontal, vertical and axial) and reason for
Monitored Equipment & Identifying Components Applying Vibration Measurements

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Motors - a/c, d/c, synchronous, slots, coils, rotors, armatures, stators, iron (punchings), rotor bars.
Fans - overhung, center hung, blades, types, dampers, applications.
Pumps - overhung, center hung, vanes, diffusers, piping, impellers.
Pulverizers (hammer mills) - hammers, shafting.
Steam Turbines - stages, wheels, buckets.
Gear Boxes - types, gears, teeth, ratio.
Identifying Various Faults Associated With Above Equipment

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Motors - line frequency, eccentricity (rotors & stators), soft foot, rotor bars (cracked, open, broken)
slot pass, pole pass, loose coils, broken and/or open windings, scr's, loose connections, bent/bowed
shafts.
Fans - blade pass frequency, aero dynamics (damping, ducting forces), broken/cracked blades.
Pumps - vane pass frequency, flow turbulence and cavitation, piping forces, impeller alignment.
Pulverizers - rod pass frequency, broken hammers, rotor alignment.
Steam Turbines - stage pass, bucket pass frequency, relative motion, deflection, piping forces.
Gear Boxes - gearmesh frequency, eccentricity, cracked/broken teeth, hunting tooth, gear alignment.
Most Common Faults & Identification of Same

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Unbalance - static, dynamic, couple.

Shaft misalignment - radial, angular.
Misaligned gears, impellers, fans.
Mechanical Looseness - rotating and non-rotating.
Resonance - interpretation & identification.
Electrically induced vibration.

Bearings - Types and Identification of Faults Applying Vibration Analysis

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Friction vs non-friction.
Rolling elements.
Sleeve bearings - application, fault identification.
Ball & Roller - ball pass, cage frequencies, outer race frequencies, inner race frequencies.
Adapter mounted bearings (tapered bore & sleeve) brief overview on pre installation (setting
clearances etc).
Vibration Analysis Tools & Application

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Analyzers - collecting data, balancing, in-situ analysis.

Strobe light - slow motion studies, phase analysis.
Overview on in-situ tests that can be carried out to confirm or eliminate suspicions as to vibration
sources.
Setting up a PdM Program Applying Vibration Analysis

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Identification of critical equipment.

Equipment information required for proper analysis.
Basic fault alarm set-up.
Analysis parameter choices and applications.
Setting up a route.
Using Vibration Computer Programs

Many different vibration software applications are being used now. We can assist you with using and
applying the following applications. CSI Mastertrend, CSI RBM Ware & SKF Microlog.
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Software overview.
Constructing a database of equipment.
Constructing vibration analysis parameters (to suit specific equipment).
Constructing vibration alarm settings (warning, alarm, fault).
Setting up measurement points (proper direction
Applying the f-min and f-max settings (where applicable and to which equipment & points).
Applying the proper resolution to the proper measurement point.

Other Condition Monitoring Technique

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Lubrication & Oil Analysis

Thermography
Airborne Ultrasonic