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June 2014
Understanding the
Residential Development
Standards (ResCode)
The purpose of this
practice note is to ensure
a common interpretation
and consistent application
of the 13 residential
development standards
in Clauses 54 and 55 in
all planning schemes in
Victoria.
The standards are:
Street setback Standards A3
and B6
Building height Standards A4
and B7
Site coverage Standards A5
and B8
Permeability Standards A6 and
B9
Side and rear setbacks
Standards A10 and B17
Walls on boundaries Standards
A11 and B18
Daylight to existing windows
Standards A12 and B19
North-facing windows
Standards A13 and B20
Overshadowing open space
Standards A14 and B21
Overlooking Standards A15
and B22
Daylight to new windows
Standards A16 and B27
Meeting the
requirements of Clauses
54 and 55
This practice note is not a
substitute for meeting the
requirements of Clauses 54 and 55.
Any application of the standards
illustrated in this practice note
cannot occur without considering
the relevant objectives and decision
guidelines in planning schemes.
Some of the standards are also
able to be locally varied and
any applicable local schedules
should also be consulted before
considering the relevant standard.
Clauses 54 and 55 specify
objectives that must be met.
The objectives describe the
desired outcome to be achieved
by a development proposal. A
development must meet all of the
objectives of the clause before a
permit can be issued.
Standard A3 and B6
Walls of buildings should be set back from streets:
at least the distance specified in the schedule to the zone, or
if no distance is specified in the schedule to the zone, the distance specified in Table A1/B6.
Porches, pergolas and verandahs that are less than 3.6 metres high and eaves may encroach not
more than 2.5 metres into the setbacks of this standard.
Minimum setback
from a side street
(metres)
Not applicable
Not applicable
*The minimum setback from a side street is 2 metres for one dwelling on a lot (Clause 54) and
3 metres for two or more dwellings on a lot (Clause 55)
Setback A
Setback B
9m
2m
Standard A4 and B7
The maximum building height should not exceed the maximum height specified in the zone,
schedule to the zone or an overlay that applies to the land.
If no maximum height is specified in the zone, schedule to the zone or an overlay the maximum
building height should not exceed 9 metres, unless the slope of the natural ground level at any
cross section wider than 8 metres of the site of the building is 2.5 degrees or more, in which
case the maximum building height should not exceed 10 metres.
Changes of building height between existing buildings and new buildings should be graduated.
The maximum
height of
10 metres is
measured from
any point of
the dwelling to
natural ground
level.
10 m
Graduating height
Graduating height
between new and
existing dwellings.
Standard A5 and B8
The site area covered by buildings should not exceed:
the maximum site coverage specified in the schedule to the zone, or
if no maximum site coverage is specified in the schedule to the zone, 60 per cent.
B
A
C
A. Dwelling
B. Verandah
C. Garage
D. Garden shed
A6 and B9 Permeability
Limiting hard surfaces reduces the volume of stormwater run-off, which reduces pressure on
urban drainage systems and helps protect water quality in downstream waterways. This standard
limits the amount of hard surfaces that can surround a new development.
Standard A6 and B9
At least 20 per cent of the site should not be covered by impervious surfaces.
B
A
A. Dwelling
C
B. Verandah
C. Garage
D. Garden shed
E. Driveway (concrete)
G
F. Footpath (concrete)
G. Outdoor paving
(sealed)
A
G
G
D
4.1 m
13.5 m
3.1 m
2m
LOT
BOUNDARY
3.6 m (max.)
3.2 m (av.)
9m
8m
3.6 m
6.9 m
1m
10
3.6 m
6.9 m
2m
1m
Allowable encroachments
500 mm
500 mm
11
8m
44 m
10 m + [(44 m 10 m) x 0.25]
10 m + [34 m x 0.25]
8m
10 m + 8.5 m
18.5 m permissible wall on boundary.
This dwelling complies as it has less walls on
boundaries than permissible under the standard.
Other considerations such as neighbourhood
character may be the reason for not using the
maximum allowable walls on boundaries.
12
Boundary B
8m
1.5 m
8m
Boundary A
36 m
8m
13
1.9 m
3m
RL 11.1
RL 10
Max 3.6 m
Ave 3.2 m
Max 3.6 m
14
Proposed
Proposed
Setback
applies to
wall within a
55 arc from
the centre of
window
55
55
35
Existing
habitable room
window
1m
Minimum
dimension of
1 metre clear
to the sky.
Eaves cannot
encroach on
this space.
15
55
Existing window
Existing window
55
35
16
2m
1.1 m 1 m
9m
3.6m
NORTH
FACING
HABITABLE
ROOM
WINDOW
8m
6.9 m
3.3 m
13.5 m
1m
SOUTH BOUNDARY
6.9 m
3.6 m
3 m (increased
setback)
South boundary
1.5 m
17
The formula for calculating the required setback where the building height is between 3.6
metres and 6.9 metres is:
1 m + [0.6 m x (h 3.6 m)]
h is the wall height
If the wall height is greater than 6.9 metres, the formula is:
1 m + [0.6 m x (6.9 m 3.6 m)] + [1 m x (h 6.9 m)]
Applying the formula to the same dwelling used in the side and rear setbacks standard, the
upper storey will need to be set back a further 1 m from the southern boundary to protect
sunlight to north-facing windows on an existing dwelling located to the south.
1 m + [0.6 x (6.9 m 3.6 m)]
1 m + [0.6 x 3.3 m]
1 m + 1.98 m
2.98 m (rounded up to 3 m) setback
18
Proposed
dwelling
40 m2
Existing
dwelling
Shadows cast by
the existing dwelling
and fence on 22
September at 9 am
Overshadowing at 3 pm
Shadows cast by
the existing dwelling
and fence on 22
September at 3 pm.
The minimum 40
square metres of
secluded private
open space is
maintained for a
minimum of five
hours between 9
am and 3 pm by
moving across
the total private
open space area
throughout the day
to avoid the suns
shifting shadow.
Proposed
dwelling
New shadow cast
by the proposed
dwelling on 22
September at 3 pm
40 m2
Existing
dwelling
19
Dwelling A
Dwelling B
Dwelling A
Dwelling B
SUN ALTITUDE
(DEGREES)
9.00 am
32
10.00 am
41
11.00 am
49
12.00 noon
52
1.00 pm
50
2.00 pm
45
3.00 pm
36
SHADOW
LENGTH OF A
1 METRE HIGH
POST (m)
1.60
1.15
0.87
0.78
0.84
1.00
1.38
N
5
m
m
12 noon
11 a
10
61
pm
pm
47
28
3
1 pm
am
9a
19
40
56
20
Existing
secluded
prviate open
space
New dwelling
9m radius
Existing
dwelling
45
45
9 m radius
New dwelling
21
45
45
1.5m
22
Habitable
room
window
Minimum
dimension
of 1 metre
clear to sky
1m
Site boundary
Habitable
room
window
A habitable
room window
can face a
verandah
provided the
verandah
is open for
one-third of its
perimeter.
3.5m
23
Standard A17
A dwelling should have private open space of an area and dimensions specified in the schedule
to the zone.
If no area or dimensions is specified in the schedule to the zone, a dwelling should have private
open space consisting of an area of 80 square metres or 20 per cent of the area of the lot,
whichever is the lesser, but not less than 40 square metres. At least one part of the private open
space should consist of secluded private open space with a minimum area of 25 square metres
and a minimum dimension of 3 metres at the side or rear of the dwelling with convenient access
from a living room.
Standard B28
A dwelling or residential building should have private open space of an area and dimensions
specified in the schedule to the zone.
If no area or dimensions are specified in the schedule to the zone, a dwelling or residential
building should have private open space consisting of:
an area of 40 square metres, with one part of the private open space to consist of secluded
private open space at the side or rear of the dwelling or residential building with a minimum
area of 25 square metres, a minimum dimension of 3 metres and convenient access from a
living room, or
a balcony of 8 square metres with a minimum width of 1.6 metres and convenient access
from a living room, or
a roof-top area of 10 square metres with a minimum width of 2 metres and convenient
access from a living room.
3m
24
2 metres
Other streets
1.5 metres
1.5 m
3m
25
26