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PT. PLN (PERSERO)

CHAPTER I
PRELIMINARY

1.1 Background of problem

Now a days, electricity is a primary need for everyone. As age advances the level
of technology also is increasingly growing, it is directly proportional to the increasing
amount of waste generated technologies are daily increasing. This is what causes to
various natural disasters caused the global warming. With the global warming the
weather conditions at this time cannot be estimated, as well as the frequent occurrence
of natural disasters such as floods. Especially in the capital of our beloved country
namely Jakarta. With the onset of flooding in Jakarta, then making activities in the
capital paralyzed due to inundation various electrical appliances as well as the
occurrence of outages by the pln. And the impact of the flooding makes KWH Meter
PLN flooded and damaged so it cannot be used again, so that PLN need to pay a
substantial investment for the replacement of kWh Meters that have been damaged.
In today's increasingly sophisticated technology that resulted in many positive things
that one in the field of electronics and computers. The longer the mechanical
equipment that works with a powered or manual system run by human hands, have
been replaced with a fully automated system that does not need human hands again, but
with the use of such electronic devices. One of these electronic devices, which are
small software and designed and designed in such a way that it is very easy to operate
or provide accurate information. All electronic equipment or mechanical equipment has
been generalized for ease of use. Almost in every corner of the house in our
neighborhood uses electronic systems and used for our convenience. One example is
the presence Prepaid kWh Meter with pulse charging system like mobile phone use.
However, the kWh Meter has many disadvantages compared kWh Meter postpaid one
is sensitive to water and other small animals (ants). Therefore, the authors raise the

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issue on Science and Technology report on the Olympics this time, so that the
problems that occurred in kWh Meter can be managed so it does not have to cost a
substantial investment in each year

1.2 Aims and Obyektives

The purpose and objectives to beachieved for this innovation are :
1.Reducing investment costs kWh meter floods
2.Increas single electrical reliability post-flood recovery

1.3 Scope
The workis focused on innovation modification bangker manufacture protective
waterproof and safe from the entry of small animals (ants) in kWh meters.

1.4 Metodologi
The methods and steps used in the preparation of the work innovations are:

Conduct research to determine the problem an and understanding of the influence

of water on the equipment and materials that resist of water and prepare other
supporting equipment to be used.

The collection of data based on theoretical studies / literature and data obtained to
get a general idea as the basis of research and discussions with experienced parties.

Data processing and table preparation include the data obtained and calculated.

Surveillance data from devices attached to see the development that occurs before
and after innovation.

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CHAPTER II
ISSUES FACING

In PLN, kWh meteris a very important equipment to support the business of selling
electricity to customers, both medium voltage customers (factories that use 3 phase) and
low voltage(households using onephase). Hence the importance of the attitude of PLN in
maintaining long-lived kWh meter so that PLN no longer need to pay a substantial
investment to procure new kWh meters. With the proliferation of thear rears payment of
electricity bills at this point It makes PLN prepaid kWh meter, which is where customers
must fill out prior balances contained in kWh electricity meter before use. However,
prepaid kWh meteris at the moment as some short comings that make the performance of
prepaid kWh meter cannot work in abundance maximum. As susceptible to water and
other small animals (ants).
Especially in this erain which there has been global warming affecting climate
conditions around the world. Soal so increase the natural disasters that occur almost
through out the territory of Indonesia one of which was flooded.Flooding has resulted
insubstantial losses for the PLN in particular areas of our beloved capital city of Indonesia
is the Jakarta. Almost all houses in Jakarta submerged by flooding, it also led to inundation
kWh meter large enough numbers. Of course this is very detrimental because PLN must
hold the investment costs for the procurement of new kWh meters to support business
processes sales of electricity to customers. For now handling the problemis still focusing
its replacement kWhmeteris broken into a new meter. So the problemis not only limited
finishing find ways to make the problem does not happen again tomorrow.

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CHAPTER III
THEOLOGICAL OFI AND PROBLEM

3.1 Problem Analysis

Many factors that cause losses in PLN today. :

Minimum information
about kWh meter so
officer dont care about
kwh meter condition

KWH meter
not appropiate

Losses at
Jakarta
city

glasses that are

susceptible to water

geographical
conditions that are
below sea level

Gambar 3.1 Metode Fish Bone determine the issue of the loss on the PLN in Jakarta
Loss problem in Jakarta was caused by the break down of a kWh meter can be
seen from the five aspects (4M +1E), the man (man), machinery (machine), material
(material), method (method), and environment (environment). But of all aspects of the
above just focus on the problems caused by the material kWh meter and resolving
problems that can becaused by the geographical conditions of the city under the sea.
As this is potentially cause major flooding so many kWh meter submerged and

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damaged and also improve the reliability of power restoration after the flood so that
when post-flood residents can directly use electricity for their daily activities.
To solve the root problems that have been formulated above, can be formulated
needs analysis is a tool that can protect the physical condition kWh meter to keep it dry
so there is no damage to the kWh meter while submerged. Therefore,the author shave
also included analysis of protective equip mentusing 'SWOT' below.

3.2. Analysis by SWOT method

Based on the needs analysis, before deciding what to do, then please be aware
of potential possessed by Bang PeTer using SWOT method as follows:

3.2.1. Strength (Kekuatan)

1. Protect kWh Meters of water immersion during floods and rainy so kWh Meter
remains dry and safe.
2. Protect KWh Meter from the threat of small animals (ant).

3.2.2. Weakness (Kelemahan)

Materials to make Bang PeTer is still relatively expensive there is additional
cost of kWh Meters procurement.

3.2.3. Opportunity (Kesempatan)

PLN is unnecessary procure the kWh Meters repeatedly so there will be saving
funds for kWh Meters for other purposes (such as Transformer procurement)

3.2.4. Threat (ancaman)

Some people have an unfixed income, so the kWh Meter procurement cost is
still relatively expensive

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3.3 Finishing solution

Based on the analysis of the identification problem, the search for the root causes,
SWOT analysis needs to be the completion of the proposed solution as follows:
1. .Into disseminate the importance of citizens will need to be accompanied Bang
PeTer PLN employees in order to avoid miss understanding between PLN and
residents.
2. Perform routine checks on kWh meterin the field in order to maintain the sustain
ability performance of the kWh meter.
3. .If the settlement solution number 1 and 2 have been conducted and there are
customers who opted to intention ally damage the kWh meter should be givens
anctions and sign the order to bring out the deterrent against these people.
4. In order for the settlement solution number 1 and 2 were able to walk with amore
effective, it is necessary to the holding of the file storage of customer data in order
to facilitate the routine checks carried out by PLN.

Focus is used as writing materials and innovations in this paper lies in the solution
number 1 and 2, namely the making of "Bang PeTer" that more details will be discussed
in Chapter IV.

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CHAPTER IV
AFI SUGGESTION

4.1. kWh Meter Theorectical

KWh meter system is counter electrical energy consumption. This toolworks
using magnetic induction method in which the magnetic field is moving discs made
from aluminum. On aluminum discs that contained the shaft where the shaft will move
counter shows the number of digits as kWh. kWh meter has 3 single coil voltage coil is
the thin diameter coil and two coil currents to the coil diameter thick.
In kWh meters there is also part to neutralize the permanent magnet disc of
aluminum induced magnetic field, the magnetic field rotating aluminum disc. The
electrical current flows through the coil currentin accordance with changes in the flow
of time. This gave rise to the field at the surface of a copper wire coil on coil current.
The coil voltage of magnetic field in order to help directh it aluminum surfaces,
causing afriction between the aluminum disc with a magnetic field around it.
Thus,the disc starts spinning and rotation speed is influenced by the size of the
electric current through the coil current.kWh meter connections where there are four
terminal comprising two input terminals of the net-net electricity and two other
terminals constitute of out put terminal that will supply electricity to the house. Two
input terminal is connected in parallel to the coil voltage and the input and out put
terminals connected to the coil current.

4.1.1

1.

Component-component of kWh meter

Label Information: General information to determine the number of meters,

maximum power, LED

2.

Indikator Rate, 1000 pulses/KWh: Information to determine the balance of

pulses

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3.

Indicator Contactor ON/OFF: Information to know the status light,

4.

Seals Metrology: Information to know tera seal and seal metrology,

5.

LCD 7segment to 8 characters: Information for charging TOKEN,

6.

.Keypad with rubber-lined

Gambar 4.2.1 Component-component of kWh meter prabayar

B. Technical Features:
1. A phase 2-wire, 1 wire and 1 wire Phase Neutral,
2. Voltage Range: 230V 50Hz or 120V 60Hz,
3. Flow Range Imin = Imax = 10A and 60A,
4. Qualifications accuracy of Class 1,
5. IP54 protection index,
6. STS compliant, PLN LMK.

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C. Additional Features:
1. There temper switch,
2. Storage TOKEN: call back 5 last token is received,
3. External (remote) disconnection: via serial port or POD.

D. Programmable Features:
Here is programmable at manufacturing time (the time of booking Prepaid kWh Meter):

1. Tamper Switch:
Micro Switch to change the current status of the terminal cover dibuka.Tersedia 2
configuration:
a) Tamper Disconnect,
b) Tamper Logging,

2. Audible Low Credit Warning:

Audible Low Credit Warning feature is programmed, which will alert the customer to
notify the remaining balance close to zero in the form of sound "beep". Additional LCD
Display also flashes (flashing). Low credit limit warning level can be programmed in the
field by using STS TOKEN.

3. Reconnection Time-Out:
time in seconds (s) required by the Contactor to open (give power kepelanggan) after
power-up. (The default and minimum is 30s). Can be set to rise +10 s.

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4.1.2

Step work make Bang PeTer

1. Make Bang PeTer schematic drawing tool first.

Design

X+5

KWH Meter

Y+8
Bang Piter
Tampak depan

2. Provide water proof material that matches the size of kWh meter
No

Name

Price

Photo

ket

Waterproof box

Rp. 45.000,-

1 piece

Clamp

Rp. 1000,-

4 piece

Cutter

Rp. 5000,-

1 piece

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Rules

Rp. 3000

Screwdriver (+) and (-)

Hose

Rp 3000 (1m)

Pipe glue

Rp. 5000

1 piece

2 pieces

1m

3. Make some holes that will be used to place the cord exits from the output
transformer and the cables that will be used to make electricity in the house on the
material to be used for Bang PeTer
4. Arrange all these components into one and paste kWh meter will be used to
simulate flood protection
5. Cover all holes found on Bang PeTer using water proof sealer so that water can not
enter into.
6. Do simulation testing at the time of the flood.

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CHAPTER V
Saving, Gain, Benefit

5.1. Saving, gain and benefit from the creation of this tool are:

a. Gain
Suppose for the duration of the replacement of damaged kWh meter with a new 900
VA power it takes30 minutes to 1 piece kwh meter
The potential sale of electricityis lost due to the replacement of 50,000 kWh
meteris:
(A xBxCxDxE) =?
where:
A

kWh power meter damaged

cos phi

price of electricity according kWh power meter

out age time for replacement kWh meter

the number of kWh meteris replaced

Suppose kWh meter 900 VA power of 50,000 broken pieces then (electricity
selling price of Rp. 780,-, 1 kWh meter replacement time= 30minutes /0.5 hours,
andcosphi=0.8)
Then (900 x 0.8 x 780 x 0.5 x 50,000)= Rp14.04 billion, From the picture above shows that
In a potential sale lost power after post-flooding due to the replacement of kWh
meter Rp.14.04 billion, So with the tool is expected PLN not to lose potential sales of electricity after the

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flood due to the shut down for replacement of damaged kWh meter

b. Saving
For the price of a new meter to 900 kWh VA valued at a price Rp.400.000, -, then
the saving of each kWh meters have been fitted with Bang Peter is
(A-B) x C=?
where:
A

kWh for new meters

price-making Bang PeTer (Rp 65.000, -)

number of kWh meteris replaced

Suppose kWh meteris replaced numbered 50,000 pieces

Then: (400000-65000) x 50,000= 16.75 billion
So the savings that can be made by PLN directly proportional to the number of kWh
Meters are replaced byPLN. the more kwh meter mounted bang peter, the greater the
saving

c. Benefit

With the application of this tool on the kWh meter customers get benefis such as:
1.PLN eliminate jobs in reimbursement kWh meter flood-damaged immersion
2.Improving the image of PLN in the eyes of society in post-flood recovery of
electric reliability.

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CHAPTER VI
CLOSURE
6.1. Conclusion
The conclusion that can be drawn from the writing of the paper this innovation
include:
1. This tool can be an alternative to extend the life time kWh meter so do not need a
huge investment cost procurement of PLN
2. Potential Benefit to improve the image of her that is service to the community after
the flood PLN and the results of this innovation could be used as a reference for the
development can be properly realized.
3.

If it is implemented well expect this tool to reduce non-technical losses and

techniques.

4.

From the application of these tools get value from the customer's savings
amounted to 16.75 billion every single time a huge flood coming

5. From the application of these tools gain value gained or lost electricity sales
potential experienced by PLN per flooding dating is IDR14.04 billion, -

6.2. Suggestion

1. This tool can be further developed so as to provide better functionality.

2. The results obtained are still limited to the simulation, thus requiring further field
testing.

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