SYNOPSIS

DIRECT TORQUE CONTROL OF INDUCTION MOTOR

USING SPACE VECTOR PULSE WIDTH
MODULATION

MAHARAJA AGRASEN INSTITUTE OF

TECHNOLOGY

TEAM MEMBERS

TEAM
MENTOR: DR. S.S DESWAL
KUMAR

(DEAN ACADEMICS)
07014804911

MR. JITENDER LATHER

06414804911
( ASST. PROFFESSOR)
VASHISHT 00214807812

RAGHAV
MANISH DAS
SHUBHAM

Introduction
Over the past decade DC motors were invariably used for the
variable speed applications due to the decoupled nature of
torque and flux which could be easily controlled by varying the
field and armature currents but DC motors requires great
maintainance and are not cheap to operate therefore the focus
has shifted to AC motors which are rugged , cost effective and
requires less maintainance.
Here we are interested in finding a suitable method of
controlling the speed and torue of induction motors to make it
more efficient and versatile. The DIRECT TORQUE CONTROL
method is one of the vector controlled method which gives
improved response,decoupled torue and flux control, and a
wide range of working speeds.
In DTC method estimation of motor torque and stator flux is
required for close loop control of induction motor . the main
idea behind dtc is that error in torque and flux is directly used
to feed the inverter without any intermediate current control
loop ad coordinate transformation.

Theory
When resistance of stator winding is neglected then the stator
flux is integral of applied voltage. Hence in short duration the
flux is proportional to applied voltage. The forward active space
vector is applied when the required torue is to be increased and
this causes the torque angle to increase. Similarly backward or
zero space vector is applied when the torue requirement is less
and this causes the torque angle to reduce.
Hence it can be concluded that the torque can be controlled
directly by rotating the stator flux linkage space vector to the

appropriate position this is why the contol scheme is called DTC

.

ADVANTGES OF DTC

Direct control of flux and torque

Coordinate transformation is not required
Current controller is not required
It is a sensor less control
It is sensitive to changes in stator resistance only.

DISADVANTAGES OF DTC
Torque and flux estimators are required
Inherent torque and flux ripples are present
Possibility of problem in starting.

Principle of DTC scheme

The basic principle of dtc is to directly select torque and stator
flux errors which are the differences between the reference
inputs and their actual values. The governing interaction for
torque is due to the interaction of stator and rotor fields. Torque
and stator flux linkages are computed from measured stator
voltage and current. An optimum voltage vector for the
switching of VSI is selected from the six non zero voltage and
two zero voltage vectors by the hysteresis control of stator flux
and torque.

SPACE VECTOR PULSE WIDTH MODULATION

FED INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVE

The conventional PWM technique is suitable for open loop

control of AC drives for closed loop control the SVPWM .In this
technique the switching pattern of the bridge inverter are
generated from the knowledge of stator
phase voltage
vectors.a reference voltage vector is generated to generate a
field synchronous with the rotating voltage vector by utiilising
the different switching states of the three phase voltage vector.

Theory of SVPWM
When a three phase supply is given to a induction motor a
rotating magnetic field is produces which generates a voltage
lagging by 90 degrees. This field can also be realized by a
logical switching of the inverter which is the basis of SVPWM.

Conclusion and future scope

The DTC scheme can be further improved using hybrid space
vector PWM technique which will be helpful in reducing
switching losses and ripple in torque flux and current. This
method can be used for controlling drives of small and medium
rating. Double three phase inverter can also be used for
smoothing out the ripples. The torque ripple can also be
smoothened out by discrete pulse width modulation technique.
The ripples in output torque can be minimized by using neural
network and metahueristic algorithms.