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EDUCATION

&
NATIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
11/1/2012

Sarla A. Santwani

EDUCATION FOR
NATIONAL
INTEGRATION

11/1/2012

Sarla A. Santwani

Sub -topics
Definition/Meaning of National Integration
Why Emphasize National Integration?

Role of Education in fostering/promoting NI.


Ways & Means to inculcate value/attitude of NI among
students.

11/1/2012

Sarla A. Santwani

DEFINITIONS
a feeling that binds the citizens of a country.
Simpson

Dorothy

National integration is the awareness of a common


identity amongst the citizens of a country. It means that
though we belong to different castes, religions and regions
and speak different languages we recognize the fact that
we are all one.

Identification of people with nation as a whole and not


with sectional identities.

11/1/2012

Sarla A. Santwani

Meaning
Doing away with inter-state, inter-linguistic, interreligious and inter-cultural differences and fostering a
spirit/attitude of tolerance, respect and an appreciation of
the view-point of those belonging to other states or other

linguistic, religious and cultural groups.

11/1/2012

Sarla A. Santwani

Meaning/Explanation
NI does not imply similarity or becoming identical.
It is unity in spite of all differences, in other words,
Unity in diversity.
Some glaring Facts related to Diversity:
Geographically our land is diverse and there are amazing
differences in climate.
Great varieties in costume, food habits, and social
customs.
All the major religions (Hinduism, Islam, Christianity,
Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism, and Zoroastrianism) are
practiced in our country.
About 1652 languages and dialects are spoken in our
country. Out of these 18 are recognized by our
Constitution as National languages of our country.
11/1/2012

Sarla A. Santwani

Meaning/Explanation
Rabindranath Tagore:
Indian culture is a fully bloomed lotus in whose every petal
flows the culture of different types of ardour; if one of the
petals is distorted or remains undeveloped, the beauty of
the flower is impaired.
Pt. Nehru:
We should not become parochial, narrow-minded,
provincial, communal and caste-minded. We have a great
mission to perform..integration of Indian people.
Political integration has already taken placewhat I am
after is something much deeper than that - emotional
integration of the Indian people so that we might be
welded into one and made strong national unit
maintaining at the same time all our wonderful diversity.
11/1/2012

Sarla A. Santwani

Emotional Integration Committee (1961)


Founded by Pt. Nehru

It remarked, One of the hardest problems before us today


is the building up of a national mind by curbing
religious, linguistic and communal conflicts which tend to
disunite us.
NI cannot be built by brick and mortar, it cannot be built
by chisel and hammer. It has to grow silently in the minds
and hearts of men. The only process is the process of
Education.
Education can play a vital role in strengthening emotional
integration.

11/1/2012

Sarla A. Santwani

Underlying Unity
Basic teachings of all religions
Certain spiritual/religious beliefs such as heaven/hell,
Merit/sin, divine reward/punishment, transmigration
Great Epics Ramayana, Mahabharata and Mythology
History of our glorious past
Great heritage of our fine Arts (classical music, Dance)

11/1/2012

Sarla A. Santwani

Recent Unifying Aspects


Freedom Struggle

Common Constitution, Laws


Common National Symbols

Common National Festivals


Communication System
Mass Media

11/1/2012

Sarla A. Santwani

Why emphasize NI?

For peaceful co-existence


For realization of basic ideals of democracy such as

Equality, Justice and secularism.


For social, economic and overall development

11/1/2012

Sarla A. Santwani

Role of Education
Education as a tool/Instrument for Development
Fostering NI is a matter of attitude & value so cannot be
achieved by framing Laws
Attitudes & Values require input at cognitive & affective
level which can be achieved through education & not by
law-enforcement
It can be included as an important component of ValueEducation
Right attitudes & Values can be easily developed at an early
age

11/1/2012

Sarla A. Santwani

Ways & Means of Developing NI


Restructuring the school curriculum/syllabus (curriculum
that promotes NI)
Uniform policy of Education across the country
Learning of many languages
Visits & excursions to different places/states for direct
contact with people of different states
Celebration of Festivals of different states (Onam,
rathyatra, Durgapuja, Holi, Lodi, Uttarayan, Navratri
Posters/photographs of great men & women of different
states (poets, authors, artists, leaders, thinkers)
Student exchange programmes
Awareness regarding current affairs in different states
11/1/2012

Sarla A. Santwani

Ways & Means of Developing NI


Inviting eminent members of different communities of
different states to talk about their specific cultures
(customs, traditions, food-habits, their traditions of
Music, dance, drama, folk-arts, ways of worship)
Sensitizing students about the suffering of people of
other states at the time of natural calamities as well
as other problems such as communal violence
Encouraging them for active participation in the
rescue operations & Charitable activities
Traditional dress day
Showing travel documentaries on variegated culture,
Flora & Fauna of different states.

11/1/2012

Sarla A. Santwani

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