11/03/2015

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E v en t s

DiseasesofPoultry

Ou r S h op

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ByIvanDinev,DVM,PhD

BookContents

BacterialDiseases

SALMONELLOSES

ESCHERICHIACOLIINFECTIONS
SALMONELLOSES
PARATYPHOIDINFECTIONS
FOWLCHOLERA
RIEMERELLAANATIPESTIFERINFECTIONS
MYCOPLASMA
NECROTICENTERITIS
CHOLANGIOHEPATITISINBROILERCHICKENS
GANGRENOUSDERMATITIS
BOTULISM
AVIANTUBERCULOSIS

ViralDiseases
VIRALINCLUSIONBODYHEPATITIS
HAEMORRHAGICENTERITISOFTURKEYS
EGGDROPSYNDROME1976
ADENOVIRUSGROUPIASSOCIATEDINFECTIONS
INFECTIOUSBURSALDISEASE(GUMBORO)
INFECTIOUSBRONCHITIS(IB)
LARYNGOTRACHEITIS
SWOLLENHEADSYNDROME
INFECTIOUSENCEPHALOMYELITIS
NEWCASTLEDISEASE
FOWLPOX
REOVIRUSINFECTIONS

NeoplasticDiseasesinPoultry
VIRUSINDUCEDNEOPLASTICDISEASESMAREK'SDISEASE
LYMPHOIDLEUKOSIS
MYELOCYTOMATOSIS
ERYTHROBLASTOSIS
36. 37. Pullorum disease is an acute systemic disease in chickens and turkey
ADENOCARCINOMATOSIS
poults. The infection is transmitted with eggs and is commonly characterized by a

ParasiticDiseases
COCCIDIOSIS
HISTOMONOSIS
ASCARIDIOSIS
RAILLIETINOSIS
KNEMIDOKOPTOSIS

MycosesandMycotoxicoses

Partners
Novogen

white diarrhoea and high death rate, whereas adult birds are asymptomatic earners.
Themorbidityandthemortalityratesincreaseaboutthe7th10thdayafterhatching.
Theaffectedchickensappearsomnolent,depressedandtheirgrowthisretarded.The
feathersaroundtheventinmanychickensisstainedwithdiarrhoeicfaecesorpasted
withdryfaeces.

CIDLINES

HyLineInternational

ASPERGILLOSIS
ASPERGILLUSGRANULOMATOUSDERMATITIS
AFLATOXICOSIS
CANDIDIASIS
FUSARIOTOXICOSES

DeficiencyDiseases
VITAMINB2DEFICIENCY
VITAMINBiDEFICIENCY
VITAMINEDEFICIENCY
FATTYLIVERHAEMORRHAGICSYNDROME
SLIPPEDTENDON(PEROSIS)

38. The oedema of tibiotarsal joints is a frequent associated sign. Pullorum disease
is widely distributed among all age groups of chickens and turkeys. The highest
PULMONARYHYPERTENSION(ASCITIS)SYNDROMEINBROILERCHICKENS
lossesareinbirdsundertheageof4weeks.
Other

AMYLOIDOSIS
DEEPPECTORALMYOPATHY

RUPTUREOFTHEGASTROCNEMIUSTENDONINBROILERBREEDERS
CAGELAYERFATIGUE
DYSCHONDROPLASIA
THYPERKERATOSIS

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rlconsulting
Halamid

JansenPoultryEquipment
ABVista
ECOAnimalHealth
PasReform
Biomin
Petersime
VencomaticGroup
GrimaudFreres

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GOUT
HYPERANDROGENISMINBROILERCHICKENS
EFFECTOFSTICKYWILLY(GALIUMAPARINE)SEEDSONHEALTHYSTATUSANDPRODUCTIONTRAITSIN
BROILERCHICKENS
GIZZARDIMPACTIONINTURKEYPOULTS
ROUNDHEARTINTURKEYS(DILATEDCARDIOMYOPATHY)
ACUTESELENIUMINTOXICATION
ACUTEPROPANEBUTANEINTOXICATION
SPONTANEOUSRUPTUREOFTHECAUDIALRENALARTERYINTURKEYS
SUBCUTANEOUSEMPHYSEMA
GASTROINTESTINALIMPACTION
MALFORMATIONS

SeasonalPicks

39. 40. The aetiological agent is S. pullorum, a nonmotile Gramnegative

microorganism.S.pullorumisveryresistantundermoderateclimaticconditionsand
could survive for months. It could be killed by fumigation with formaldehyde of
breeder eggs in the hatchery. Typical for this form are the greyishwhitish nodes in
one or some of the following places: heart (39), lungs, liver, gizzard walls (40) and
intestines,theperitoneum.

Sometimes,greyishwhitishmilliarynecrosesarefoundoutintheliver.S.pullorumis
transmitted by infected eggs of layer hens that are carriers. Many hatched infected
chickens spread the microorganism by a horizontal route to other birds via the
gastrointestinal and the urinary tracts. Adult carrier birds also spread the agent
throughtheirexcreta.

42.Uretersareoftenfilledwithurates.Forconfirmationofthediagnosis,5.pullorum
should be isolated and typed. Pullorum disease must be differentiated from other
salmonelloses, E. coli infections, Aspergillus that produces similar pulmonary
lesions. Staphylococcus aureus, causing arthrites etc. Sometimes, the pulmonary
nodesresemblethetumoursinMarek'sdisease.

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43. Acute fowl typhoid. The outbreaks usually begin with a sharp decline in forage
consumption and egg production. The fertilization and hatchability rates are
considerablyreduced.Diarrhoeaappears.Thedeathrateinacutefowltyphoidishigh
and varies between 10% and 90%. About 1/3 of chickens hatched from eggs from
typhoidinfectedflocksdie.Acharacteristiclesionforacutefowltyphoidinadultbirds
istheenlargedandbronzegreenishtintofliver.

. 44. . Acute fowl typhoid. In some instances, the enlarged liver is mottled with
multiplemilliarynecroses.Theoutbreaksareobservedprimarilyinhensandturkeys,
butthediseaseissometimesencounteredinotherdomesticorwildfowl.

45.Acutefowltyphoid.Inothercases,thesizeoflivernecrosesvariesfrommilliary
tospotswithadiameterof12cm.Unlikepullorumdisease,fowltyphoidislasting
formonths.

46. Acute fowl typhoid. The spleen is 23 times bigger, sometimes with greyish
whitishnodulesprominatingonthesurface,representinghyperplasicfollicles.

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47. Acute fowl typhoid. Often, enteritis, especially of the anterior part of small
intestine, sometimes with ulcerations, is present. The aetiological agent is
Salmonella gallinarum. This organism usually shares common antigens with 5.
pullorumandthetwomicroorganismsoftengiveacrossagglutinationreaction.

48. Acute fowl typhoid. More rarely, myocardial necroses due to Salmonella toxins
are detected. The transmission of the infection by contaminated eggs is especially
important.Moreover,thetransmissionof5.gallinarumoccursmainlyamonggrowing
orproductiveflocksandthedeathrateamongadultbirdsishigher.

49. Acute fowl typhoid. The lungs acquire a characteristic brown colour. Here,
necrosesand,followingtheirorganization,sarcomalikenodules"

50. Chronic fowl typhoid. The lesions are primarily in the gonads. The ovaries are
affectedbyinflammatoryanddegenerativechanges.

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51 Chronic fowl typhoid. Frequently, affected follicles are deformed and appear like
thick pendulating masses. Fowl typhoid should be differentiated from other
salmonelloses, E. coli infections, Pasteurella spp. infections etc. If breeder flocks
areprovedtobecarriersoftheinfection,theireggsshouldnotbeusedforbreeding.

52.Chronicfowltyphoid.Sometimes,thegoingoutofyolkfromdegeneratedfollicles
resultsinfibrinousadhesiveperitonitis.Takingintoconsiderationthatchemotherapy
doesnoteliminatethecarriership,thetreatmentofpoultryinfectedwithfowltyphoid
orpullorumdiseaseisnotjustifiedandisneverrecommended.

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inpart,inanyformat(electronic,photocopiesetc.)withoutthepriorconsent,inwriting,ofcopyrightholders
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