Every Day Science

M.Zunair Fayyaz

Organs of a Human Body

Humans have five vital organs that are essential for survival. These are the brain, heart, kidneys,
liver, and lungs.

The human brain is the body's control center, receiving and sending signals to other organs
through the nervous system and through secreted hormones. It is responsible for our thoughts,
feelings, memory storage and general perception of the world.

The human heart is a responsible for pumping blood throughout our body.

The job of the kidneys is to remove waste and extra fluid from the blood. The kidneys take urea
out of the blood and combine it with water and other substances to make urine.

The liver has many functions, including detoxifying of harmful chemicals, breakdown of drugs,
filtering of blood, secretion of bile and production of blood-clotting proteins.

The lungs are responsible for removing oxygen from the air we breathe and transferring it to our
blood where it can be sent to our cells. The lungs also remove carbon dioxide, which we exhale.

M.Zunair Fayyaz

Diseases
Anaemia: It is caused by the deficiency of iron in the diet.
Goitre: It is caused due to deficiency of Iodine.
Hypokalemi: It is caused due to deficiency of potassium.
Hyponatremia: It is caused due to deficiency of sodium.
Xeropthalmia or Dry Eye Disease: It is caused due to deficiency of vitamin A.
Rickets: It is caused in children due to deficiency of calcium and phosphorous
Pellagra: Insufficient amount of niacin results in a disease called Pellagra.
Mellitus: This disease is characterized by the presence of excess quantity of sugar in the blood
and urine.
Color Blindness: In this disease, a person cannot distinguish between red, green and blue colors.

Viral Diseases

Chicken Pox
Measles
Poliomyelitis
Rabies
Small Pox
Trachoma
Influenza

Hereditary Diseases

Hereditary Hemochromatosis
Down syndrome
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Spherocytosis
Achondroplasia
Usher syndrome
Hemophilia
Sickle cell anemia
Muscular dystrophy
Turner syndrome
Xeroderma Pigmentosum
Albinism
Galactosemia
Neurofibromatosis
Myotonic Syndrome
Phenylketonuria
Polycystic kidney disease
Retinoblastoma
Klinefelter Syndrome
Tay-Sachs disease
Porphyria

Vitamins Deficiency
Vitamin A: Night blindness, Appetite loss (Sources: Carrot Leafy Vegetables)
Vitamin B1: Shortness of Breath (Sources: Whole Grains, Rice)
Vitamin B2: Corner of mouth cracks, Poor digestion (Sources: Seeds, eggs and Leafy Vegetables)
Vitamin C: Anemia, Scurvy, Bleeding Gums (Sources: Tomatoes, fresh fruits and vegetables)
Vitamin D: Tooth Decay, Diarrhea (Sources: Sunlight)
Vitamin E: Impotency (Sources: Egg, Vegetable Oil)
Vitamin K: Nose Bleeds (Sources: Yogurt, Green Vegetables)

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Earth Crust

M.Zunair Fayyaz

Layers of Atmosphere

Measuring Units
Ammeter: To measure strength of electric current.
Ammeter: To measure strength of electric current.
Anemometer: To measure force and velocity of wind and directions.
Altimeter: To measure the altitudes in aircrafts
Endoscope: To examine internal parts of the body
Bolometer: To measure heat radiation
Wave meter: To measure the wavelength of a radio wave

M.Zunair Fayyaz

Hygrometer: To measure level of humidity

Hypsometer: To determine the boiling points of liquids
Hydrophone: To measure sound under water
Manometer: To measure pressure of gases
Wattmeter: To measure the power of electric circuit

Additional
When the resultant of all the forces acting on a body is zero the body is said to be in a state of
Equilibrium.
Gamma Rays are similar to X-Rays.
The Separation of ordinary light into its constituent colors is known as Dispersion.
If a body weighs 600 kg on the surface of the earth then the weight of the same body on the
surface of moon will be 1/6th i.e. 100kg.
When a bullet penetrates into a target, the kinetic energy of a bullet is converted into
Mechanical Energy.
The process of digestion begins in Mouth.
M.Zunair Fayyaz

Sometimes when white blood corpuscles greatly increase in number, they cause a disease called
Leukaemia.
The principle of wireless telegraphy was discovered by Signor Marconi.
The planet nearest to sun is Mercury.
Pressure cooker works on the principle that the boiling point of a liquid increases with the
increase of pressure.
Copper is the best conductor of electricity.
Blood cells are manufactured by bone marrow of the body.
The smallest organism which causes disease is virus and even smaller is called Viroids.
Transistors do not need a warm up period because they have no Filaments.
If an object gives off its own light, it is said to be Luminous.
The Kelvin scale of temperature is called the Absolute Scale.
The type of radiation that is unaffected by magnetic field is called Gamma Rays.
If we know the mass of an object and the force applied on it, it is possible to calculate
acceleration of the object.
Diseases that spread through air are called Air Borne diseases.
When iron is less in body, the quantity of Haemoglobin in cell decreases.
Arteries become hard due to deposition of Fats and Cholesterol in them.
The science of study of old age is called Gerontology.
Myopia is a defect of vision which does not permit to see clearly the distant objects.
The brightest planet is Venus.
Urea is not a Phosphorous Fertilizer.
M.Zunair Fayyaz

Ibn Baitar was a renowned Muslim Botanist.

Cellulose is Natural Polymer.
Vitamin A & D are not Water Soluble.
Solar eclipse occurs in full moon.
Leprosy is a disorder of the Nervous System.
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) cause decomposition of ozone.
Quartz is chemically a Silicate or Silicon dioxide.
Chicken egg is composed of One Cell.
Visible light energy has the wave length range of 400-700 nm.
The particle with positive charge but having mass equal to that of electron is called Positron.
Gas in childrens play-balloons going upward is hydrogen.
Standard pressure is 760 mm-Hg.
Iron corrodes due to the formation of Iron Oxide.
Starch is a polymer of Glucose.
Mars planet is nearest to the earth.
The process of conversion of a material from solid state directly to gaseous state is called
Sublimation.
Bacteria are parasite.
Uranus is the coldest planet.
Fat is stored in human body in Adipose Tissue.
Sterility is caused due to the deficiency of Vitamin E.

M.Zunair Fayyaz

Anemia causes the loss of Memory.

The acid that helps in digestion is Acetic acid.
Total volume of blood in a normal adult human being is 5-6 liters.
The average time needed for blood clotting is 4 min.
Bile is secreted by Liver.
Green vegetables are the rich source of iron.
Hydrogen is the first element on the periodic table.
Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe.
Mercury and Bromine are the only liquids at room temperature.

M.Zunair Fayyaz

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