final 01 TAYLOR, JEFFREY W Due: May 10 2006, 1:00 pm

Version number encoded for clicker entry:

V1:1, V2:1, V3:5, V4:1, V5:5.

h = 13 g/cm3 .
Using the definition of density

Question 1
Part 1 of 1.
10 points.
A heavy liquid with a density 13 g/cm3 is
poured into a U-tube as shown in the lefthand figure below. The left-hand arm of the
tube has a cross-sectional area of 9.79 cm2 ,
and the right-hand arm has a cross-sectional
area of 5.69 cm2 . A quantity of 93.1 g of a
light liquid with a density 1.1 g/cm3 is then
poured into the right-hand arm as shown in
the right-hand figure below.
9.79 cm2 5.69 cm2 9.79 cm2 5.69 cm2

` =

m`
m`
=
V`
A2 L

m`
= 14.8746 cm .
A2 `
After the light liquid has been added to the
right side of the tube, a volume A2 h2 of heavy
liquid is displaced to the left side, raising the
heavy liquid on the left side by a height of
h1 with a displaced volume of A1 h1 . Since
the volume of heavy liquid is not changed, we
have
A 1 h1 = A 2 h2 .
L=

At the level of the heavy-light liquid interface

in the right side, the absolute pressure is
P = Patm + ` g L ,
L

h1

and at the same level in the left tube,

P = Patm + h g [h1 + h2 ] .

h2

Equating these two values, we obtain

heavy liquid
13 g/cm3

light liquid
1.1 g/cm3

If the density of the heavy liquid is

13 g/cm3 , by what height h1 does the heavy
liquid rise in the left arm?
1. 0.408594 cm
2. 0.42161 cm
3. 0.435098 cm
4. 0.448565 cm
5. 0.462632 cm correct
6. 0.477064 cm

` g L = h g [h1 + h2 ]


A1
h1
= h g h1 +
A2


A1
.
= h g h1 1 +
A2
Solving for h1 , we have
L

 `
A1
h 1 +
A2
(1.1 g/cm3 ) (14.8746 cm)
=


(9.79 cm2 )
3
(13 g/cm ) 1 +
(5.69 cm2 )

h1 =

= 0.462632 cm .

Explanation:

Let :

m`
A1
A2
`

= 93.1 g ,
= 9.79 cm2 ,
= 5.69 cm2 ,
= 1.1 g/cm3 ,

Question 2
Part 1 of 3.
10 points.

and

A ski jumper travels down a slope and

leaves the ski track moving in the horizontal direction with a speed of 26 m/s as in the

final 01 TAYLOR, JEFFREY W Due: May 10 2006, 1:00 pm

figure. The landing incline below her falls off
with a slope of = 41 .
The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2 .
26 m/s

Excluding t from these equations gives

2 v02 sin
g cos2
(2) (26 m/s)2 sin 41
=
(9.8 m/s2 ) cos2 41

d=

= 158.904 m .
y

Question 3
Part 2 of 3.
10 points.

41

x
vf

Calculate the distance d she travels along

the incline before landing.
1. 154.136 m
2. 158.904 m correct
3. 163.946 m
4. 169.712 m
5. 175.259 m
6. 182.106 m
Explanation:
It is convenient to select the origin (x =
y = 0) at the beginning of the jump. Since
vx0 = 26 m/s and vy0 = 0 m/s in this case,
we have
x = vx0 t
y = vy0 t

1 2 1 2
gt = gt .
2
2

The distance d she travels along the incline

before landing is related to her x and y coordinates by
x = d cos
y = d sin .
Substituting these expressions for x and y into
the two equations above, we obtain
d cos = vx t
1
d sin = g t2 .
2

Determine how long the ski jumper is airborne.

1. 4.46449 s
2. 4.61254 s correct
3. 4.75773 s
4. 4.92699 s
5. 5.10204 s
6. 5.28332 s
Explanation:
Excluding d rather than t from the system
above, we obtain
2 v0 tan
g
(2) (26 m/s) tan(41 )
=
9.8 m/s2

t=

= 4.61254 s .
Question 4
Part 3 of 3.
10 points.
What is the magnitude of the relative angle
with which the ski jumper hits the slope?
1. 15.7047
2. 16.3548
3. 16.9574
4. 17.7627
5. 18.435
6. 19.0932 correct
Explanation:
vy = g t

= (9.8 m/s2 ) (4.61254 s)

= 45.2029 m/s , and
vx = 26 m/s , given.

final 01 TAYLOR, JEFFREY W Due: May 10 2006, 1:00 pm

The direction t of the velocity vector (relative to the positive x axis) at impact is
 
vy
t = arctan
v

 x
45.2029 m/s
= arctan
26 m/s

= 60.0932 .

L1 be the distance to the finish line after

the first encounter.
..
.
Li be the distance to the finish line after
the ith encounter.

Therefore the relative angle of impact on

the slope is
= |t |
= (60.0932 ) (41 )

finish
line
dr1

L1
db1

= 19.0932 .

Question 5
Part 1 of 2.
10 points.
A runner is jogging at a steady vr =
7 km/hr. When the runner is L = 7.5 km
from the finish line a bird begins flying from
the runner to the finish line at vb = 35 km/hr
(5 times as fast as the runner). When the bird
reaches the finish line, it turns around and
flies back to the runner. Even though the bird
is a dodo, we will assume that it occupies only
one point in space, i.e., a zero length bird.
vb
vr
finish
line
L

How far does the bird travel?

1. 12 km
2. 12.5 km correct
3. 12.9 km
4. 13.3333 km
5. 13.76 km
6. 14.2286 km
Explanation:
Let, dodo birds fly, and
dr be the distance the runner travels.
db be the distance the bird travels.
vr be the speed of the runner.
vb be the speed of the bird.
L = dr be the original distance to the finish
line.

Since the bird travels 5 times as fast as the

runner at the first meeting between the bird
and runner,
d b 1 = 5 d r1 .
(1)
The sum of the birds and runners distances
is 5 times L.
d b 1 + d r1 = 2 L .

(2)

Therefore, substituting for db1 from Eq. (1)

d r1 + 5 d r1 = 2 L
2
2
L = (7.5 km) = 2.5 km .
6
6
Thus the distance the bird flies is
d r1 =

d b 1 = 5 d r1 =
=

(3)

10
L
6

10
(7.5 km) = 12.5 km ,
6

(4)

and the distance for the runner to travel after

this first encounter is
L1 =

4
4
L = (7.5 km) = 5 km .
6
6

Question 6
Part 2 of 2.
10 points.
After this first encounter, the bird then
turns around and flies from the runner back
to the finish line, turns around again and flies
back to the runner. The bird repeats the back
and forth trips until the runner reaches the
finish line.

final 01 TAYLOR, JEFFREY W Due: May 10 2006, 1:00 pm

How far does the bird travel from the beginning? (i.e., include the distance traveled
to the first encounter)
1. 36 km
2. 37.5 km correct
3. 39 km
4. 40.5 km
5. 42 km
6. 43.5 km
Explanation:
Repeating this scenario a second time the
distance for the runner to travel after the
second encounter is
 2
4
4
L2 = L1 =
L,
6
6
and the third time

 i
X
`

i=0

`X
=1+
k
i=0

then solving Eq. (10) for

 i
X
`
i=0

 i
X
4
i=0

 i
`
k


k 
=
k ` k=6, `=4
=

(10)

 i
X
`
i=0

(11)

6
6
= .
64
2

10 X
db =
L
6
i=0

and the ith time

 i
4
L.
6

(5)

Note: The distance the bird travels between

the (i 1)th and ith time is [see Eq. (4)]
 i
10
4
d bi =
(6)
L
6
6
and summing over all terms dbi
"  #

X
X 4 i
10
db =
d bi =
L
(7)
6
6
i=0
i=0
"
 2  3
4
4
10
4
+
(8)
=
L 1+ +
6
6
6
6
#
  4  5  6
4
4
4
+
+
+
+
6
6
6
1
from the second term on
6
(
"
 2
4
4
4
10
L 1+
(9)
1+ +
db =
6
6
6
6
#)
 3  4  5
4
4
4
+
+
+
+
6
6
6

Or, by factoring

By comparing Eq. (8) with (9), and generalizing (` = 4, and k = 6), the infinite series

Therefore [from Eq. (7)]

 3
4
4
L,
L3 = L2 =
6
6
4
Li = Li1 =
6

 i
4
6

10 6
L = 5L
=
6 2
= 5 (7.5 km) = 37.5 km .

Elegant Alternative Solution: The bird

will travel 5 times as far as the runner in the
same time. Since the bird and jogger travel for
the same length of time, the bird will travel
db = 5 L = 5 (7.5 km) = 37.5 km
Question 7
Part 1 of 1.
10 points.
The two blocks are connected by a light
string that passes over a frictionless pulley
with a negligible mass. The 4 kg block lies
on a rough horizontal surface with a constant
coefficient of kinetic friction 0.3. This block
is connected to a spring with spring constant
4 N/m. The second block has a mass of 9 kg.
The system is released from rest when the
spring is unstretched, and the 9 kg block falls
a distance h before it reaches the lowest point.
The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2 .
Note: When the 9 kg block is at the lowest
point, its velocity is zero.

final 01 TAYLOR, JEFFREY W Due: May 10 2006, 1:00 pm

4 N/m

h
4 kg

4 kg

= 0.3
9 kg
h
9 kg
Calculate the mechanical energy removed
by friction durning the time when the 9 kg
mass falls a distance h .
1. 449.467 J correct
2. 466.754 J
3. 484.042 J
4. 512.213 J
5. 528.22 J
6. 553.19 J
Explanation:
Basic Concepts:
Work-Energy Theorem
Spring Potential Energy
Frictional Force according to the WorkEnergy Theorem
Solution:
ext
= (KB KA ) + (UBg UAg )
WAB

dis
+ (UBsp UAsp ) + WAB
.

For the present case, the external work

ext
WAB
= 0, A corresponds to the initial state
and B the state where m2 has descended by a
distance s. The sum of the kinetic energy of
m1 plus that of m2 at B is given by
K = KB
dis
= (UAg UBg ) + (UAsp UBsp ) WAB
1
(1)
= m2 g s k s 2 m1 g s .
2
Based on the Eq. 1 at s = h, KB = 0, we
have
1
m1 g h = m 2 g h k h 2 .
2
In turn,
2 g [m2 m1 ]
h=
(2)
k
2 (9.8 m/s2 ) [(9 kg) (0.3) (4 kg)]
=
(4 N/m)
= 38.22 m .

We know that Einitial = Ef inal + E , where

E is the mechanical energy removed by friction. In order to solve the second part of the
problem we need to calculate the initial and final energies. Let y1 be the vertical position of
m1 and y2 the vertical position of m2 , where
say y = 0 is the initial vertical position of m2 .
The total energy of the system is E = U + K,
where U = Ugrav1 + Ugrav2 + Uspring . Initially, Ugrav1,in = m1 g y1 , Ugrav2,in = 0,
Uspringi n = 0 (the spring is unstretched) and
Kin = 0 . In the final situation the masses
have a null velocity, and so we have once
again Kf in = 0 . The potential energies are
Ugrav1 = m1 g y1 , Ugrav2,f in = m2 g (y1 h)
1
and Uspring = k h2 .
2
Finally, letting y1 = 0 m and using Eq. 2
for h, we get

E = Einitial Ef inal
1
= m2 g (h) k h2
2
1
= m2 g h k h2
2
2


2g
=
m2 (m2 m1 ) (m2 m1 )2
k
2 m1 g 2
[m2 m1 ]
=
k
2 (0.3) (4 kg) (9.8 m/s2 )2
=
(4 N/m)
[(9 kg) (0.3) (4 kg)]
= 449.467 J .

Question 8
Part 1 of 3.
10 points.
Given: The speed of sound in air is 343 m/s.
An open vertical tube has water in it. A
tuning fork vibrates over its mouth. As the
water level is lowered in the tube, the seventh
resonance is heard when the water level is
143 cm below the top of the tube.

final 01 TAYLOR, JEFFREY W Due: May 10 2006, 1:00 pm

= 44 cm .

143 cm

Question 9
Part 2 of 3.
10 points.
What is the frequency of the sound wave;
i.e., the tuning fork?
1. 635.185 s1
2. 659.615 s1
3. 686 s1
4. 714.583 s1
5. 745.652 s1
6. 779.545 s1 correct
Explanation:
The frequency is
f=

(343 m/s)
(44 cm) (0.01 m/cm)
= 779.545 Hz .
=

What is the wave length of the sound

wave?
1. 36 cm
2. 38 cm
3. 40 cm
4. 42 cm
5. 44 cm correct
6. 46 cm
Explanation:
There are seven nodes (N = 7) in the air
column.

in
The number of quarter wavelengths
4
the length of the pipe is J = 13 . Since
`
4`
4`
J =
, then =
=
.

J
13
4
The number of quarter wavelengths is odd
which is indicative of a node at one end and
an anti-node at the other end of the tube.
4`
=
, where N = 7
2N 1
4`
=
2 (7) 1
4 (143 cm)
=
2 (7) 1

Question 10
Part 3 of 3.
10 points.
The water continues to leak out the bottom
of the tube.
When the open vertical tube next resonates
with the tuning fork, what is its length.
1. 139.5 cm
2. 144 cm
3. 148.75 cm
4. 154 cm
5. 159.75 cm
6. 165 cm correct
Explanation:
The next resonance will occur when the
open vertical tube has a length of onehalf wavelength greater than its initial wave
length.
`0 = ` +

= (143 cm) +
= 165 cm .

(44 cm)
2

final 01 TAYLOR, JEFFREY W Due: May 10 2006, 1:00 pm

3
2

Question 11
Part 1 of 1.
10 points.

Amplitude (centimeter)

You are given f1 (x), a transverse wave that

moves on a string that ends and is FIXED in
place at x = 5 m. As the problem begins, the
wave is moving to the right at v = 1 m/s.

3. 0
-1
-2
-3

2
3
4
Distance (meter)

2
3
4
Distance (meter)

2
3
4
Distance (meter)

2
3
4
Distance (meter)

2
1

-1

-2

4. 0

-3

-1
0

2
3
4
5
Distance (meter)
What is the shape of the wave on the string
after 5 s?

-2
-3

correct

1. 0

-1

5. 0

-2

-1

-3

2
3
4
Distance (meter)

-2
-3

3
2

2. 0

-1

6. 0

-2

-1

-3

2
3
4
Distance (meter)

-2
-3

Explanation:
Consider the image of the wave reflected

final 01 TAYLOR, JEFFREY W Due: May 10 2006, 1:00 pm

3
2
1
0
-1
-2
-3

2
1
0
-1
-2
-3

2
1
0
-1
-2
-3

2
3
4
Distance (meter)

Question 12
Part 1 of 5.
10 points.

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Distance (meter)
After 5 s the positions of the two waves
are have both moved 5 meters in opposite
directions. The resultant sum of the two
waves is the light gray line.
Superposition, at t = 5 s
3
Amplitude (centimeter)

Resultant, at t = 5 s
Amplitude (centimeter)

Amplitude (centimeter)

about the FIXED point x = 5 m in the following diagram. The image will be moving
to the left at v 0 = 1 m/s (in the opposite
direction from the real wave).
The initial wave (real) on the string is represented with a dashed line and its reflected
wave (imaginary) is represented with a dotted
line.
Initial time, t = 0 s
v
v0
3

3 4 5 6 7 8
Distance (meter)

9 10

Assume: When the disk lands on the surface it does not bounce.
The disk has mass 8 kg and outer radius
50 cm with a radial mass distribution (which
may not be uniform) so that its moment of
5
inertia is m R2 .
9
The disk is rotating at angular speed
7 rad/s around its axis when it touches the
surface, as shown in the figure below. The
disk is carefully lowered onto a horizontal surface and released at time t0 with zero initial
linear velocity along the surface. The coefficient of friction between the disk and the
surface is 0.01 .
The kinetic friction force between the surface and the disk slows down the rotation of
the disk and at the same time gives it a horizontal acceleration. Eventually, the disks
linear motion catches up with its rotation,
and the disk begins to roll (at time trolling )
without slipping on the surface.
The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2 .
8 kg

50 cm , radius
7 rad/s

5
I= m R2
9
= 0.01
How long t = trolling t0 does it take for
the ball to roll without slipping?

final 01 TAYLOR, JEFFREY W Due: May 10 2006, 1:00 pm

1. 12.7551
2. 13.3333
3. 14.0625
4. 14.5005
5. 15.3061
6. 16.3265

The time dependence of is

s correct
s
s
s
s
s

= 0 t
9 g
= 0
t.
5 R

Let : r = 50 cm = 0.5 m ,
0 = 7 rad/s ,
m = 8 kg , and
= 0.01 .
From the perspective of the surface, let the
speed of the center of the disk be vsurf ace .
Using the frictional force f , we can determine
the acceleration
f = mg,

and

Fsurf ace = m a , or
m a = m g , so
a = g , and
g
=
.
R

disk = surf ace

9 g
g
0
t=
t , or
5 R
R
14
g t = R 0 , so
5
5 R 0
.
(5)
t=
14 g
5 (0.5 m) (7 rad/s)
=
14 (0.01) (9.8 m/s2 )
= 12.7551 s .

(1)
Question 13
Part 2 of 5.
10 points.

Since
surf ace = t , we have
g
=
t.
R

(4)

When the disk reaches pure rolling, the velocity from the perspective of the surface will be
the same as the velocity from the perspective
of the center of the disk; that is, there will be
no slipping. Setting the velocity disk from
Eq. 4 equal to surf ace from Eq. 2 gives

Explanation:

(2)

After pure rolling begins at trolling there is no

longer any frictional force and consequently
no acceleration. From the perspective of the
center of the disk, let the tangential velocity
of the rim of the disk be vdisk and the angular
velocity be ; the angular acceleration is
X
= I , so

=
I
mgR
=
5
m R2
9
9 g
=
(3)
5 R
9 (0.01) (9.8 m/s2 )
=
5
(0.5 m)
= 0.3528 rad/s2 .

Once the disk rolls without slipping, what

is its angular speed?
1. 2.22222 rad/s
2. 2.30769 rad/s
3. 2.4 rad/s
4. 2.5 rad/s correct
5. 2.625 rad/s
6. 2.72727 rad/s
Explanation:
Using Eqs. 1 and 5, we have
rot = t
g
=
t
R 

g
5 0 R
=
T
14 g
5
0 ,
=
14
5
(7 rad/s)
=
14
= 2.5 rad/s .

(6)

final 01 TAYLOR, JEFFREY W Due: May 10 2006, 1:00 pm

or using Eqs. 4 and 5, we have
9 g
t
5 R 


5 R
9 g
0
= 0
5 R
14 g
5
=
0 .
14

The ball spins at a constant deceleration.

Using Eq. 3, we have

rot = 0

1
= 0 t t2
 2

5 R 0
= 0
14 g


2
1 9 g
5 R 0

2 5 R
14 g


2
5
45 R 0
=

14 392
g
95 R 02
=
(8)
392 g
95 (0.5 m) (7 rad/s)2
=
392 (0.01) (9.8 m/s2 )
= 60.5867 rad
= 3471.36 .

(6)

Question 14
Part 3 of 5.
10 points.
How far s does the ball slide until it begins
to roll without slipping?
1. 6.94444 m
2. 7.18006 m
3. 7.41817 m
4. 7.68469 m
5. 7.97194 m correct
6. 8.22857 m
Explanation:
Starting at rest, the ball slides at a constant
acceleration. Using Eq. 5, we have
1 2
at
2

2
1
5 R 0
= g
2
14 g
2
25 R 02
=
392 g
25 (0.5 m)2 (7 rad/s)2
=
392 (0.01) (9.8 m/s2 )

10

The number of revolutions is

360
(60.5867 rad)
=
360
= 9.64268 rev .

rev =

s =

(7)

Note: When comparing Part 3 to Part 4,

the ball spins more than it slides due to the
fact it is slipping on the surface.
R > s
95 R2 02
25 R2 02
>
.
392 g
392 g

= 7.97194 m .
Question 15
Part 4 of 5.
10 points.

Question 16
Part 5 of 5.
10 points.

Through what angle does the disk rotate while sliding before it begins to roll without slipping?
1. 8.20643 rev
2. 8.50254 rev
3. 8.94874 rev
4. 9.23223 rev
5. 9.64268 rev correct
6. 9.94718 rev

What is the ratio of the final kinetic energy (after pure rolling occures) to the initial
kinetic energy?

Explanation:

Kf
2
=
K0
5
Kf
3
2.
=
K0
7
Kf
5
=
correct
3.
K0
14
1.

final 01 TAYLOR, JEFFREY W Due: May 10 2006, 1:00 pm

Kf
7
=
K0
15
Kf
1
5.
=
K0
4
Kf
9
=
6.
K0
19

11

4.

8.8 cm

Explanation:
Using Eq. 6, disk = rolling =

1
2
1
Kf =
2
1
=
2
1
=
2
K0 =

1
2

I 02 ,

and

1
2
m vrolling
2
1
2
2
I rolling
+ m R2 rolling
2


m R2
2
I rolling 1 +
I

2 

5
9
I
0
1+
14
5
 2  
14
5
I 02
14
5
2
I rolling
+

1
2
5
=
K0 ,
14
Kf
5
.
=
K0
14
=

5
0 ,
14

so

Question 17
Part 1 of 1.
10 points.
A simple U-tube that is open at both ends is
partially filled with heavy liquid. The density
of heavy liquid is 1000 kg/m3 . A liquid of
density 611 kg/m3 is then poured into one
arm of the tube, forming a column 8.8 cm in
height, as shown in the following diagram.

light liquid
611 kg/m3

heavy liquid
1000 kg/m3
What is the difference h in the heights of
the two liquid surfaces?
1. 2.9155 cm
2. 3.008 cm
3. 3.1059 cm
4. 3.204 cm
5. 3.315 cm
6. 3.4232 cm correct
Explanation:
Let :

` = 8.8 cm ,
` = 611 kg/m3 , and
h = 1000 kg/m3 .

Basic Concepts: gauge pressure, variation of pressure with depth

Because the liquid in the U-tube is static,
the pressure exerted by the heavy liquid column of height ` h in the left branch of the
tube must balance the pressure exerted by
the liquid of height h poured into the right
branch. Therefore,
P0 + (` h) h g = P0 + ` ` g .
Solving for h,


`
h=` 1
h


(611 kg/m3 )
= (8.8 cm) 1
(1000 kg/m3 )
= 3.4232 cm .

final 01 TAYLOR, JEFFREY W Due: May 10 2006, 1:00 pm

Question 18
Part 1 of 1.
10 points.

cm
40

8 cm

Determine (for small displacements from

equilibrium) the period of harmonic oscillation which the disk undergoes.
1. 1.30074 s
2. 1.3464 s
3. 1.39055 s
4. 1.43616 s correct
5. 1.48096 s
6. 1.53294 s
Explanation:
Basic Concepts: Let r be the radius of
the disk and R be the radius of the cylindrical trough. The disk is rolling without
slipping. Choose the point of contact as our
axis. Around this point, the rotational inertia
of the disk is, using parallel axis theorem,

(1)

Solution: Let the angle of rotation around

this instantaneous contact point be and the
angle the center of the disk makes from the
center of the trough to the vertical be .

Note: The dotted curve is a

hypocycloid denoting the path of the
contact point at equilibrium as the
disk rolls back and forth in the cylindrical trough.
The arc length along the disk (which rolls
back and forth) must equal the arc length
along the cylindrical trough (both arc lengths
are labeled S in the figure).
Therefore, and are related by
r ( + ) = R , or
r = (R r) , so
d
d
= (R r)
,
r
dt
dt
from the rolling without slipping condition.
Now the torque equation around the point of
contact is
X
d2
: m g r sin = I
dt2
2
d
I
+ mgr = 0,
dt2
since sin . Substituting in place of ,
we have
I

3
8
I = m r2 + m r2 = m r2 .
5
3

R
r
R

The cylindrical disk has mass 7 kg and

outer radius 8 cm with a radial mass distribution (which may not be uniform) so that its
3
moment of inertia is m r 2 .
5
The disk rolls (perpendicularly to the axis)
without slipping in a cylindrical trough, see
figure below.
The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2 .

S is the common arc length

S = r ( + )
S = R

12

R r d2
+ mgr = 0
r
dt2

d2
m g r2
=0.
+
dt2
I (R r)
Substituting I from Eq. 1, we have
d2 5
m g r2
+
=0
dt2
8 (R r) m r 2
g
d2 5
+
= 0.
2
dt
8 (R r)

(2)

final 01 TAYLOR, JEFFREY W Due: May 10 2006, 1:00 pm

Equation 2 is the differential equation for simple harmonic motion. The coefficient of is
2 . Therefore
s
g
5
=
, and
8 (R r)
s
8 (R r)
T = 2
5
g
s
8 (0.4 m) (0.08 m)
= 2
5
(9.8 m/s2 )

= constant , so
dE
8
d d2
= m (R r)2
dt
5
dt dt2
+m g (R r)
= 0 . Therefore,
5
g
+
= 0.
2
dt
8 (R r)

d2

 2
1
d
+ I
2
dt
 2
d
m (R r)2
dt
 2
d
3
2
mr
+
10
dt
 2
d
m (R r)2
dt
 2
3
d
2
+
m (R r)
10
dt
 2
d
m (R r)2
,
dt

1
2

1
2

4
5

dx
dt

(3)

Question 19
Part 1 of 1.
10 points.

Alternative Solution: The kinetic energy,



dt

Equations 2 and 3 are the same equation for

simple harmonic motion.

= 1.43616 s .

1
K= m
2

13

2

d
3
.
since Idisk = m r 2 , v = r , and =
5
dt
The potential energy is
U = mgh
= m g (R r) (1 cos )
1
m g (R r) 2 ,
2
1 2
since 1cos
. Energy is conserved,
2
therefore E = K +U = constant, and we have
4
E = m (R r)2
5

d
dt

2

1
+ m g (R r) 2
2

The figure below shows a complex wave

pattern on a string moving towards a rigid
hook at the wall on the right. After some
time, the wave is reflected from the wall.
v

Select the wave pattern for the reflected wave.

1.
v
correct

2.
v
3.
v
4.
v
5.

Explanation:
Consider the wave pattern image reflected
about the rigid hook on the wall.

final 01 TAYLOR, JEFFREY W Due: May 10 2006, 1:00 pm

v

14

h
W2 + h W 1 = F b
2
b
2. W2 + b W1 = F h
2
b
b
3. W2 + W1 = F h correct
4
2
h
4. (W1 + W2 ) = F b
2
b
5. (W1 + W2 ) = F h
2
h
h
6. W2 + W1 = F b
4
2
Explanation:
1.

v
After the time it takes for the wave to be
reflected from the wall, this image is the wave
pattern traveling to the left along the string.
Note: Reflection about a point (hook) is the
same as reflection about the y-axis (wall) followed by reflection about the x-axis (string).
The leading part of the wave must remain in
front and the wave is flipped over.
This is the first wave pattern of four possible wave patterns presented by this question.
Question 20
Part 1 of 1.
10 points.

Consider a uniform ladder leaning against

a smooth wall and resting on a smooth floor
at point P . There is a rope stretched horizontally, with one end tied to the bottom of the
ladder essentially at P and the other end to
the wall. The top of the ladder is at a height
is h up the wall and the base of the ladder is
at a distance b from the wall.
The weight of the ladder is W1 
. Jill, with
 a
`
up
weight W2 , is one-fourth the way d =
4
the ladder. The force which the wall exerts on
the ladder is F .

W1

d
W2

W1



b
Note: Figure is not to scale.
The torque equation about P is given by

W2

T


P ivot

Nf

Fx : T F = 0 ,

P : W2 d cos + W1

(1)

F y : Nf W 2 W 1 = 0 ,

and (2)

`
cos
(3)
2
F ` sin = 0 ,

where d is the distance of the person from the

bottom of the ladder. Therefore
2 F ` sin = 2 W2 d cos + W1 ` cos .
b
h
Since sin = and cos = , the torque
`
`
equation about P is given by
b
b
W2 + W1 = F h .
4
2

(4)

final 01 TAYLOR, JEFFREY W Due: May 10 2006, 1:00 pm

Question 21
Part 1 of 2.
10 points.
A flexible chain weighing 44.2 N hangs between two hooks located at the same height.
At each hook, the tangent to the chain makes
an angle = 35.8 with the horizontal.

5. 33.8495 N
6. 35.108 N
Explanation:
At the midpoint of the chain, there is only a
horizontal component of the tension. Since
the chain is in equilibrium, the tension at the
midpoint must equal the horizontal component of the force of a hook.

Te cos = Tm

Find the magnitude of the force each hook

exerts on the chain.
1. 34.343 N
2. 35.492 N
3. 36.6252 N
4. 37.7805 N correct
5. 38.9907 N
6. 40.3285 N
Explanation:
Basic Concept: In equilibrium,
X
~ =0
F

X
~ = 0. By
Solution: In equilibrium
F
symmetry each hook supports half the weight
of the chain, so
Ty = Te sin =

15

W
2

Therefore
W
2 sin
44.2 N
=
2 sin 35.8
= 37.7805 N

Therefore
Tm = Te cos
= (37.7805 N) cos(35.8 )
= 30.6424 N
Question 23
Part 1 of 2.
10 points.
A string of linear mass density =
1.94 g/m is stretched by the weight of an
adjustable mass m as shown on the picture
below.
2.28 m

= 1.94 g/m
vibrator

m18

Te =

Question 22
Part 2 of 2.
10 points.
Hint: For this part, make a free-body diagram for half the chain.
Find the tension in the chain at its midpoint.
1. 29.7217 N
2. 30.6424 N correct
3. 31.5973 N
4. 32.7227 N

Note: The wave pattern show

above is for illustrative purposes only.
Near the end of the string a vibrator is attached at a constant but unknown frequency;
the length of the string which vibrates is
L = 2.28 m. For some values of the mass
mn , the string resonates with the vibrators
frequency and develops visible standing waves
with n 1 nodes (not counting the nodes as
each end) and n anti-nodes between the vibrator and the pulley.
A lab student who performed this experiment recorded two consecutive resonances for
mn = 2.25 kg and for mn1 = 2.56 kg. Unfortunately, he forgot to record the actual node

final 01 TAYLOR, JEFFREY W Due: May 10 2006, 1:00 pm

numbers for the resonances but only wrote
that there were no resonances for any masses
between 2.25 kg and 2.56 kg.
How many antinodes did the resonant wave
have for m = 2.25 kg ?
1. 13
2. 14
3. 15
4. 16 correct
5. 17
6. 18
Explanation:
A resonant standing wave with (n 1)
nodes between two fixed ends of the string
which are also nodes occupies length of
n half-wavelengths, hence the resonance occurs whenever
n n
2L
L=
= n =
.
2
n
The wavelength depends on the oscillators
frequency f and the speed
s
r
F
mg
=
v=

of the transverse waves on the string,

16

Therefore, for the mass m16 = 2.25 kg , the

resonant wave has n = 16 antinodes and
n 1 = 15 nodes (not counting the two nodes
at each end), as seen in the figure below.
2.28 m

= 1.94 g/m
2.25 kg

vibrator

Question 24
Part 2 of 2.
10 points.
What is the frequency of the oscillator?
1. 374.075 Hz correct
2. 388.512 Hz
3. 401.554 Hz
4. 416.671 Hz
5. 431.679 Hz
6. 448.881 Hz
Explanation:
In the first part of the problem, we derived

f = v.
Consequently, the resonance happens when
r
2L
mn g
f
= f n = vn =
,
n

i. e., for the string-stretching mass

1 4 L2 f 2
mn = 2
.
n
g
Now consider the ratio of masses for two
consecutive resonances
n2
mn1
=
,
mn
(n 1)2

which does not depend on anything but n.

Consequently,
n2
2.56 kg
=
= 1.13778 ,
2
(n 1)
2.25 kg

n
= 1.13778 = 1.06667,
n1
1
n1=
= 15 .
1.06667 1

2L
f
= f n = vn =
n

mn g
.

Now that we know n, we use this formula to

evaluate the frequency

n
f=
2L

mn g
= 374.075 Hz .

Question 25
Part 1 of 1.
10 points.
Needing help, the secretary of the
United States Department of Agriculture
asked your teacher, If a chicken-and-ahalf can lay an egg-and-a-half in a dayand-a-half, how many days will it take

final 01 TAYLOR, JEFFREY W Due: May 10 2006, 1:00 pm

two chickens to lay twenty-four eggs?

Please help your teacher select the correct

answer to the secretarys question.
1. Two chickens will lay twenty-four eggs in
twenty-two days.
2. Two chickens will lay twenty-four eggs in
ten days.
3. Two chickens will lay twenty-four eggs in
eighteen days. correct
4. Two chickens will lay twenty-four eggs in
twenty-one days.

17

In the requested instance, the number of

chickens is (2 chickens) and the number of
eggs is (24 eggs). The number of days N is
to be determined. Therefore in the requested
instance, the rate is
rate =

{24 eggs}
.
{2 chickens} {N }

(2)

The rate is constant, so equating the rates

Eqs. (1) and (2), we have
2 eggs
24 eggs
=
3 chicken days
2 chickens N
Solving for the number of days N , we have
24 eggs 3 chickens days
2 chickens
2 eggs
= 18 days .

N =

5. Two chickens will lay twenty-four eggs in

twelve days.

The correct answer: Two chickens will lay

twenty-four eggs in eighteen days.
Note: The early chicken catches the worm.

6. Two chickens will lay twenty-four eggs in

twenty days.

Question 26
Part 1 of 1.
10 points.

Explanation:
Basic Concept: The information given
in the question is the rate of egg production
in one instance and you must make this rate
compatible with another instance. The rate
of egg production is constant. The number of
eggs per chicken per day is a constant.
Solution: Since it takes a chicken-and-a-half
a day-and-a-half to lay an egg-and-a-half, it
will take one chicken one-and-a-half days to
lay one egg. Therefore, to lay twenty-four
eggs it will take two chickens eighteen days.
Alternative Method: Unit analysis is
basic to every physics problem and is central
to this problem. The rate of egg production is
the number of eggs produced per chicken per
day. In the given instance the rate is

Assume: h = 12 m, L = 6 m, and = 60 ,
and that the cross-sectional area at A is very
large compared with that at B.
Assume: y = 0 at B.
Measure the height from the top of the
angled tube. The figure below shows a water
tank with a valve at the bottom.
The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2 .

{3/2 eggs}
{3/2 chickens} {3/2 days}
eggs
2
.
=
3 chickens days

rate =

(1)

12 m
6m

B
Valve

hmax

60

Figure: Not drawn to scale.

If this valve is opened, what is the maximum height hmax attained by the water
stream coming out of the spigot on the right
side of the figure?

final 01 TAYLOR, JEFFREY W Due: May 10 2006, 1:00 pm

1. 4.5051 m
2. 4.64933 m
3. 4.79733 m
4. 4.94634 m
5. 5.10289 m correct
6. 5.26413 m
Explanation:
Let us first compute the speed with which
the water leaves the tank at B by applying
Bernoullis equation between A and B. Since
the cross-sectional area at A is much larger
than the one at B, we can neglect the speed
of the water at A compared to that at B. The
pressure at both points is going to be equal to
the atmospheric pressure Patm . The equation
is then
Patm + w g (h L sin ) = Patm +

1
2
w vB
,
2

18

What is the value of the mass M ? Assume

all surfaces are frictionless.
1. 0.277538 kg correct
2. 0.286754 kg
3. 0.296683 kg
4. 0.306103 kg
5. 0.317439 kg
6. 0.327494 kg
Explanation:
Given : m = 3 kg ,
y0 = 0 m ,
y = 94.7 cm = 0.947 m ,
t0 = 0 s ,
t = 1.51074 s , and
= 0.

and so

a
p
vB = 2 g (h L sin ) .

Now the problem reduces to that of projectile motion, for which the maximum height is
given by
2 sin2
vB
2g
= [h L sin ] sin2
= [(12 m) (6 m) sin(60 )] sin2 (60 )

T
T

m
N

mg

Mg

From kinematics, we have

hmax =

= 5.10289 m .

y y 0 = v0 +
a=

2y
t2

1 2 1 2
at = at
2
2

The only external force acting on the system is the weight M g suspended from the
rope, so from Newtons second law we have

Question 27
Part 1 of 1.
10 points.
The system shown below is released from
rest and moves 94.7 cm in 1.51074 s.
The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2 .
3 kg
=0

M g = (M + m) a
ma
M=
(3)
ga
2y
m 2
2
t t
=
2 y t2
g 2
t
2my
=
g t2 2 y
2 (3 kg) (0.947 m)
=
(1.51074 s)2 (9.8 m/s2 ) 2 (0.947 m)
= 0.277538 kg .

final 01 TAYLOR, JEFFREY W Due: May 10 2006, 1:00 pm

Question 28
Part 1 of 1.
10 points.
The system is in equilibrium and the pulleys
are frictionless and massless.
The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2 .

At the mass m2 , T3 acts up, and m2 g and T2

act down, so
T3 = m 2 g + T 2 = m 2 g + 2 m 1 g .
At pulley 2, T3 acts up on either side of the
pulley and T4 acts down, so
T4 = 2 T 3
= 2 m2 g + 4 m 1 g .

1
2

7 kg

9 kg

At the mass m3 ,

T4 = T + m 3 g
T = T4 m3 g
= (2 m2 + 4 m1 m3 ) g
= [2 (7 kg) + 4 (5 kg) (9 kg)] (9.8 m/s2 )

5 kg

Find the force T .

1. 205.8 N
2. 215.6 N
3. 225.4 N
4. 235.2 N
5. 245 N correct
6. 254.8 N

= 245 N .

Question 29
Part 1 of 1.
10 points.

Explanation:
Let :

m1 = 5 kg ,
m2 = 7 kg ,
m3 = 9 kg .

and

An object of mass m is moving with speed

v0 to the right on a horizontal frictionless
surface, as shown, when it explodes into two
10
m
pieces. Subsequently, one piece of mass
13
v0
moves with a speed v10/13 =
to the left.
5

T4
m3
T T1

v0

T3 T3

19

T3
before

m2
T2
3

v0
5

T1
m1

The mass m1 defines the tension T1 :

T1 = m 1 g .
At pulley 3, T1 acts down on either side of the
pulley and T2 acts up, so
T2 = 2 T 1 = 2 m 1 g .

10
m
13

3
m
13

v3/13

after
What is the speed k~v3/13 k of the other piece
of the object?
1. k~v3/13 k = 5 v0 . correct
39
v0 .
10
13
3. k~v3/13 k =
v0 .
3
2. k~v3/13 k =

final 01 TAYLOR, JEFFREY W Due: May 10 2006, 1:00 pm

13
v0 .
10
23
5. k~v3/13 k =
v0 .
3

va + v t
fc correct
va v c
va + v t
4. ft =
fc
va + v c
Explanation:
Basic Concepts: The Doppler shifted frequency, f 0 , heard in the truck is
va v 0
f,
(1)
f0 =
va v s
3. ft =

4. k~v3/13 k =

6. k~v3/13 k = 3 v0 .
Explanation:
The horizontal component of the momentum is conserved, so
3
10
m v10/13 +
m v3/13
13
13
3
10  v0 
m
m v3/13
+
0 + m v0 =
13
5
13
3
10
m v3/13
m v0 = m v0 +
 65
 13
65 10
3
v3/13 =
+
v0
13
65 65
75
3
v3/13 =
v0
13
65
75 13
v0
v3/13 =
65 3
k~v3/13 k = 5 v0 .
0 + m v0 =

Question 30
Part 1 of 2.
10 points.
A police car is traveling at a speed, vc , to
the right. A truck is traveling at a speed, vt ,
to the left. The frequency of the siren on the
police car is fc .
The speed of sound in air is va . Let vt be
the speed of the observer in the truck, and
vc be the speed of the source, the police car.
vc
vt
Police

20

Truck

where va is the speed of sound in air, vo is the

speel of the observer, and vs is the speed of
the source,
The upper sign is used when the relative
velocities are toward one-another, and vice
versa.
Solution: The relative velocity of the observer is towards the source so the upper sign
is used in the numerator ( +), and the
relative velocity of the source is towards the
observer so the upper sign is used in the denominator ( ). Therefore Eq. 2 becomes
ft =

va + v t
fc .
va v c

This is version three of four versions.

Question 31
Part 2 of 2.
10 points.
A police car is traveling at a speed, vc , to
the right. A truck is traveling at a speed, vt ,
to the right. A wind is blowing in the opposite
direction as that of the truck with a speed, vw ,
to the left. The frequency of the siren on the
police car is fc .
The speed of sound in air is va .
vc
vt
wind
vw
Police

Truck

What is the frequency, ft , heard by an

observer in the moving truck?
va v t
fc
1. ft =
va v c
va v t
2. ft =
fc
va + v c

What is the frequency, ft , heard by an

observer in the moving truck?
1. ft =

va v t v w
fc
va + v c + v w

final 01 TAYLOR, JEFFREY W Due: May 10 2006, 1:00 pm

T2

fc correct
fc
fc

6 kg

va (vt + vw )
fc ,
va (vc + vw )
va v t v w
=
fc .
va v c v w

so

What is the tension T1 in the string between the block with mass 3 kg and the block
with mass 2 kg (on the left-hand side of the
pulley)?
1. 22.8667 N
2. 24.1231 N
3. 24.9455 N
4. 26.1333 N
5. 27.1385 N
6. 32.0727 N correct
Explanation:
Let : R = 21.1 cm ,
m1 = 3 kg ,
m2 = 2 kg ,
m3 = 6 kg ,
h = 1.8 m ,
v = R,
1
I = M R2 , and
2
1
1
Kdisk = I 2 = M v 2 .
2
4
Consider the free body diagrams

The pulley is massless and frictionless. A

massless inextensible string is attached to
these masses: 3 kg, 2 kg, and 6 kg.
The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2 .

Question 32
Part 1 of 2.
10 points.

T1

This is version four of eight versions.

3 kg

2 kg

6 kg

(2)

3 kg

T3

va (vt + vw )
fc .
va (vc + vw )

The relative velocity of the observer is away

from the source so the lower sign is used in
the numerator ( ), and the relative
velocity of the source is towards the observer
so the upper sign is used in the denominator
( ). Therefore Eq. 2 becomes

ft =

1.8 m

T1

Explanation:
The problem must be worked in the frame
of reference relative to the air. vt + vw is
the relative velocity of the truck (observer),
vo . vc + vw is the relative velocity of the car
(source), vs , therefore

ft =

T3

2 kg

m3 g

6. ft =

fc

T1

5. ft =

21.1 cm

T2

4. ft =

fc

m2 g

3. ft =

va v t + v w
va v c v w
va + v t + v w
va + v c + v w
va v t v w
va v c v w
va + v t v w
va + v c + v w
va + v t + v w
va v c v w

m1 g

2. ft =

21

final 01 TAYLOR, JEFFREY W Due: May 10 2006, 1:00 pm

Basic Concept : For each mass in the
system
~ net = m ~a .
F
Solution : Since the string changes direction around the pulley, the forces due to the
tensions T2 and T3 are in the same direction
(up). The acceleration of the system will be
down to the right (m3 > m1 + m2 ), and each
mass in the system accelerates at the same
rate (the string does not stretch). Let this acceleration rate be a and the tension over the
pulley be T T2 = T3 .
In free-body diagram for the lower left-hand
mass m1 the acceleration is up and
T1 m 1 g = m 1 a .

(1)

T T1 m2 g = m 2 a .

(2)

In free-body diagram for the upper left-hand

mass m2 the acceleration is up and
In free-body diagram for the right-hand mass
m3 the acceleration is down and
T + m3 g = m3 a .

(3)

Adding Eqs. (1), (2), and (3), we have

(m3 m1 m2 ) g = (m1 + m2 + m3 ) a . (4)

Therefore

m3 m 1 m 2
g
m1 + m 2 + m 3
6 kg 3 kg 2 kg
=
g
3 kg + 2 kg + 6 kg
1 kg
(9.8 m/s2 )
=
11 kg
1
=
(9.8 m/s2 )
11
= 0.890909 m/s2 .

a=

22

Question 33
Part 2 of 2.
10 points.
What is the magnitude of the acceleration
of the block 3 kg?
1. 0.890909 m/s2 correct
2. 1.08889 m/s2
3. 1.4 m/s2
4. 1.63333 m/s2
5. 1.96 m/s2
6. 2.26154 m/s2
Explanation:
The acceleration is the same for every mass,
since the string is inextensible. See Part 1, Eq.
(5).
Question 34
Part 1 of 1.
10 points.
All angles are measured in a counterclockwise direction from the positive x-axis.
A hiker makes four straight-line walks (A,
B, C, and D) in random directions and
lengths starting at position (41 km, 41 km) ,
listed below and shown below in the plot.

(5)

The tension in the string between block m1

and block m2 (on the left-hand side of the
pulley) can be determined from Eq. (1).


1
T1 = m 1
+1 g
(6)
11
 
12
(9.8 m/s2 )
= (3 kg)
11


36
kg (9.8 m/s2 )
=
11
= 32.0727 N .

A
B
C
D

17 km
33 km
13 km
19 km

at 46
at 351
at 306
at 193

B
A
C
D
Figure: Drawn to scale.
How far from the starting point is the hiker
after these four legs of the hike?
1. 31.322 km
2. 32.3045 km
3. 33.3462 km

final 01 TAYLOR, JEFFREY W Due: May 10 2006, 1:00 pm

23

1/2
+ [(33.2752 km) (41 km)]2
= 34.4094 km ,


[(33.2752 km) (41 km)]
E = arctan
[(74.5311 km) (41 km)]
= 167.027 .

4. 34.4094 km correct
5. 35.4878 km
6. 36.5875 km
Explanation:
B
A
C
E

e
D

Scale: 10 km =
~ = 34.4094 km and e = 167.027 .
Note: kEk
= (17 km) cos 46 = 11.8092 km ,
= (17 km) sin 46 = 12.2288 km ,
= (33 km) cos 351 = 32.5937 km ,
= (33 km) sin 351 = 5.16225 km ,
= (13 km) cos 306 = 7.64123 km ,
= (13 km) sin 306 = 10.5172 km ,
= (19 km) cos 193 = 18.513 km ,
= (19 km) sin 193 = 4.2741 km ,
= 41 km , starting point
= 41 km , starting point
= (11.8092 km) + (41 km)
= 52.8092 km ,
ay = (12.2288 km) + (41 km)
= 53.2288 km ,
bx = (32.5937 km) + (52.8092 km)
= 85.4029 km ,
by = (5.16225 km) + (53.2288 km)
= 48.0665 km ,
cx = (7.64123 km) + (85.4029 km)
= 93.0441 km ,
cy = (10.5172 km) + (48.0665 km)
= 37.5493 km ,
dx = (18.513 km) + (93.0441 km)
= 74.5311 km ,
dy = (4.2741 km) + (37.5493 km)
= 33.2752 km ,
Therefore

E = [(74.5311 km) (41 km)]2
ax
ay
bx
by
cx
cy
dx
dy
x0
y0
ax

Question 35
Part 1 of 1.
10 points.
A particle of mass m moves along the x
axis. Its position varies with time according
to x = (6 m/s3 ) t3 + (5 m/s2 ) t2 .
What is the work done by the force from
t = 0 to t = t1 ?
h
1. W = 18 m t21 (16 m/s6 ) t21
i
+(8 m/s5 ) t1 + (1 m/s4 )
h
2. W = 2 m t21 (144 m/s6 ) t21
i
5
4
+(120 m/s ) t1 + (25 m/s )
h
3. W = 2 m t21 (81 m/s6 ) t21
i
+(90 m/s5 ) t1 + (25 m/s4 ) correct
h
9
2
4. W = m t1 (25 m/s6 ) t21
2
i
5
4
+(40 m/s ) t1 + (16 m/s )
h
9
5. W = m t21 (81 m/s6 ) t21
2
i
+(36 m/s5 ) t1 + (4 m/s4 )
h
6. W = 2 m t21 (36 m/s6 ) t21
i
5
4
+(60 m/s ) t1 + (25 m/s )
Explanation:

Let : x = a t3 + b t2 ,
a = 6 m/s3 , and
b = 5 m/s2 ,
Since the force is time dependent
Z xf
~ d~x
F
W
xi

final 01 TAYLOR, JEFFREY W Due: May 10 2006, 1:00 pm

Z xf
=
m a dx
xi
Z xf
dv
=m
dx
xi dt
Z xf
dv dx
dx
=m
xi dx dt
Z vf
=m
v dv
vi

1
1
= m vf2 m vi2 .
2
2

The velocity of the particle is

dx
dt

d  3
=
a t + b t2
hdt
i
= 3 a t2 + 2 b t
h
i
3 2
2
= 3 (6 m/s ) t + 2 (5 m/s ) t

v=

= (18 m/s3 ) t2 + (10 m/s2 ) t .

Therefore work done on the particle is the

change in kinetic energy. For this case,
W = K = Kf Ki
1
= m (v12 v02 )
2
1
= m v12
2
i2
1 h
= m 3 a t21 + 2 b t1
2
i
1 h
= m 9 a2 t41 + 6 a b t31 + 4 b2 t21
2
1 h
= m 9 (6 m/s3 )2 t41
2
+6 (6 m/s3 ) (5 m/s2 ) t31
+4 (5
h

= 2 m t21 (81 m/s6 ) t21

m/s2 )2 t21

i
+(90 m/s5 ) t1 + (25 m/s4 ) .

24