CLOUD

COMPUTING

Nik Zarina Nik Mat

(Pasukan Perunding Pengurusan
Rangkaian)
10 Mei 2011

Unit Pemodenan Tadbiran dan Perancangan Pengurusan Malaysia, Jabatan Perdana Menteri

Contents

What is Cloud Computing?

Why is Cloud Computing?

Cl d C
Cloud
Computing
ti iin P
Public
bli Sector
S t

Government Future Planning

The challenge
g

Add new services for

your users quickly
and cost
effectively

Expand your
Infrastructure!
Buy new servers, increase
your software costs,
provision more datacenter
capacity!!

Look to the cloud!

Pay for the bandwidth and
server resources that you
need When your push is
need.
done then turn the whole
thing off!

What
a iss the
e cloud?
c oud

IT as a service

Cloud allows access to services without user technical knowledge or control

of supporting infrastructure

Best described in terms of what happened to mechanical power over 100 yrs
ago

p
are simple
p devices connected to the larger
g cloud
Now computers

Data processing, storage and software applications that used to run locally
are now being supplied by big central computing stations. They're becoming,
p
g utilities.
in essence,, computing

What is
Cloud Computing?

Definitions
Cloud computing is an emerging approach to shared
i f t t
infrastructure
in
i which
hi h llarge pools
l off systems
t
are
linked together to provide IT services.
IBM press release on Blue Cloud

a hosted infrastructure model that delivers

abstracted IT resources over the Internet
Thomas Weisel Partners LLC from Into the Clouds: Leveraging Data Centers and the Road to Cloud
C
Computing
i

Cloud computing describes a systems architecture.

This p
particular architecture assumes nothing
g about
the physical location, internal composition or
ownership of its component parts.
James Urquhart blog post

Cloud Computing
p
g is
virtualized compute power and storage
d li
delivered
d via
i platform-agnostic
l tf
ti iinfrastructures
f t t
off
abstracted hardware and software accessed
over the Internet
Internet. These shared,
shared on-demand IT
resources, are created and disposed of
efficiently,
y, are dynamically
y
y scalable through
g a
variety of programmatic interfaces and are billed
variably based on measurable usage.

What does it mean by

y cloud?

Multiple
p Delivery
y Models for Cloud Computing
p
g
Outsourced

Tru
ust (Security and Data Prrivacy)

High

Low

Private
P
i t Cloud
Cl d Commercially
C
i ll Hosted:
H t d
Publically available Cloud Computing services
offered through commercial sources that are
dedicated and separate from the Public both
physically and logically and must to remain to
support heighted data security and privacy
requirements. Access to these services are
provided through a dedicated Government
Intranet and is not accessible from the Public
Internet.

Public Cloud:
The cloud infrastructure is
made available to the general
public or a large industry group
and is owned by an
organization selling cloud
services.

Government

Cloud Sourcing Models

Private Government Cloud :

The cloud infrastructure is operated solely for an
organization. It may be managed by the
organization or a third party and may exist on
premise or off premise.

Private
Commercially
Hosted
Cloud

Government
Dedicated
Intranet

Private
Government
Cloud

Community
Cloud
Public
Cloud

Public Internet

Hybrid Government Cloud

Community Cloud: The cloud infrastructure

is shared by several organizations and
supports a specific community that has
shared concerns (e.g., mission, security
requirements, policy, and compliance
considerations).
) It may
y be managed
g by
y the
organizations or a third party and may exist
on premise or off premise.
Hybrid Cloud: The cloud infrastructure is a
composition of two or more clouds (private,
community, or public) that remain unique
entities but are bound together by
standardized or proprietary technology that
enables data and application portability (e.g.,
cloud bursting).

10

3 Strategic
g Cloud Models

11

3 Cloud Stack

SaaS
(Software as a Service)

PaaS
(Platform as a Service)
Ser ice)

IaaS
(Infrastructure as a
Service)

12

SaaS : Software as a Service

Most common cloud (Many providers of different services)

Software
delivery model
Increasingly
popular with
SME
SMEs
No hardware or
software to
manage
Service delivered
through a browse

Advantages
Pay per use
Easy
Consumer
Adoption
Instant Scalability
Security
Reliability
API

Disadvantages

Examples

Limited
functionality
No control or
access to
underlying
technology

SalesForce
Gmail
Yahoo! Mail
Quicken Online

13

PaaS : Platform as a Service

Containers & Closed Environment
Software delivery
model

Advantages
Pay per use

Platforms are built

upon
Infrastructure,
which is expensive
Estimating
demand is not a
science!
Platform
management is not
fun!

Disadvantages
Restricted to what
i available
is
il bl

Instant
Scalability
Good for
developers
Reliability
More control than
Saas
Ti htl configured
Tightly
fi
d

Other
independencies

Examples
Google
Appllication
Engine
Mosso
Amazon Web
Services: S3
Heroku
SalesForces
Dev Platform

14

IaaS : Infrastructure as a Service

Computer
i f
infrastructure
t
t
delivery model
Provide
compute and
storage clouds

Advantages

Virtualization
layer
(hardware/soft
ware)

Disadvantages

E amples
Examples

Access to infrastructure stack:

Full OS access
Firewalls
Fi
ll
Routers
Load balancing

Pay per use

Instant Scalability
Security
Reliability
Full control of environment and
infrastructure

Premium price point

Limited competition

Amazon: EC2
GoGrid
Amazon: S3
Nirvanix

15

Common Factors

SaaS
PaaS
IaaS

Pay per use

Instant Scalability
Security
Reliability
APIs

16

Advantages
g

SaaS
PaaS
IaaS

Lower cost of ownership

Reduce infrastructure
management responsibility
Allow for unexpected
resource loads
Faster application rollout

17

Cloud Economics

SaaS
PaaS
IaaS

Multi-tenanted
Virtualisation lowers costs by
increasing utilisation
Economies of scale afforded
by technology
Automated update policy

18

Examples
p
of usage
g SaaS

Y
Your current CRM package
k
is
i not managing
i
the load or you simply dont want to host it inhouse.use a SaaS p
provider such as
Salesforce.com

Your email is hosted on an exchange server in

your office and it is very slowoutsource
slow outsource this
using Hosted Exchange.

19

Examples
p
of usage
g PaaS
You need to host a large file (5Mb) on your
website and make it available for 35,000 users
for only two months duration. Use Cloud Front
f
from
Amazon.
A
You want to start storage services on your
network for a large number of files and you do
not have the storage capacityuse Amazon
S3.
S3

20

Examples
p
of usage
g IaaS

You want to run a batch job but you dont

have the infrastructure necessary to run it
in a timely manner
manner. Use Amazon EC2
EC2.
You want to host a website, but only for a
few days. Use Flexiscale.

21

What
a iss the
e cloud?
c oud

Instant Scalability

Pay per use

IT as a service

Cloud allows access to services without user technical knowledge or control

of supporting infrastructure

Best described in terms of what happened to mechanical power over 100 yrs
ago

p
are simple
p devices connected to the larger
g cloud
Now computers

Why is
Cloud Computing?

Security
Data processing, storage and software applications that used to run locally
APIs
are now being supplied by big central computing stations. They're becoming,
p
g utilities.
in essence,, computing

Reliability
y

22

The Cloud = 10X Improvements

p

Ease of Use
Scalability
Risk
Reliability
Cost

23

Ease of Use
Deploy infrastructure with a mouse or API
No cabling, screwdrivers, racking, unboxing, buying
Middle of the night
Do it yourself remotely from anywhere anytime

24

Scalability
y

See Ease of Use

Control your infrastructure with your application
Nothing
g to p
purchase and take delivery
y on
Instant

25

Risk
Nothing
g to buy
y
Cancel immediately
Change instantly, even operating
systems
Throw it out
Rebuild it instantly after testing

RISK

26

Reliability
y
Based on enterprise grade
hardware
Design
g for failures:
Automatically spin up
replacements
Use multiple clouds

27

Cost
Turn
Turn off the lights
lights = turn off
servers you arent using
Ex: Turn off development
and test environments
Pay for only what you use
No need to buy in advance
Zero Capital Outlay
No contracts

28

3 Global Mega Trends

Evolving Business
M d l
Models
1

Technology
Ad
Advancements

Changing
W kf
Workforce
29

The Instant-On Enterprise

IT turns
t
business
b i
and
d governmentt On
O instantly
i t tl

Everything and everyone is connected

Everyone expects immediate gratification and

instant results

Enterprise and IT one and the same

Respond to continuous opportunity and competition

Anywhere, any time, any way

30

Changing Government BUSINESS DRIVERS

Business Need
High Variability in Computing Needs
Eliminate need to build out for peak
capacity requirements

Temporary Computing Capacity

Require access to capacity for short
periods of time

Use Case Scenario

Economic activity calculations
e.g. CPI,GDP, Retail Sales
Annual Enrollments
Monthly Payroll
Annual Taxes
Pension Funds /
Marketing Promotions
Superannuation
Development / Staging
Migrations
g

Major Events (APEC, IMF,

other Gov events)

SaaS/ISVs
New
ministries/reorganizations/
merged ministries/agencies

Stimulus package funding &

administration
Academic Grants

Cost Management & Reduction

Consolidate and improve utilization
without sacrificing performance and
security

Healthcare
Government
Predictable Fees

Affordable HA
Certification and Accreditation

Operational Empowerment
Transition from an IT Department to an
Internal Central IT Service Provider

National or Multi-Agency
Public Security

Social Security
Internal Charge Back

Time to Market
Accelerate launches and respond to
rapidly changing markets

New government eServices

Technology &
Communications

Census and Statistics

Rapid Service Launch

Success Based Growth

Leverage standardized infrastructure and
OPEX to scale as your business grows

Government Private Cloud Model

Government Agencies
T
Tax

Health
H lth

Public
Safety

Ed
Education
ti

T
Transport
t

Social
Security

high security private cloud

J ti
Justice

D f
Defense

Government Apps Store ( ie. Service Catalog and Portal)

Marketing & billing

Service Request Layer

Security

SaaS
(Software as a Services)

IaaS (Infrastructure as a Services)

Network
Facility Mgmt/Service Mgmt
Government Data Center

Serrvice
Managemen
nt/Governancce

PaaS
(Platform as a Services)

Monitoring & SLAs

32

Desktop Services

Messaging & Collaboration Services

Deployment & Management
Services

Workplace Services
Desktop Data
Resiliency
S i
Service

Computing
Provisioning
Service

Desktop Data
Encryption
Service

File and Print

Service

Collaboration Services

Central Asset & Configuration

Management Services

Instant Messaging
Service

Desktop Collaboration
Service

Compatibility Testing Service

Desktop Conferencing
Service

Presence Awareness
Service

Software Delivery Service

Desktop
Security
Service

Desktop Access
Control Service

Messaging Services

Short-Term Computing
Provisioning Service

Unified Mailbox Service

Support Services

Mobile Email Service

Common
Services

Near-Line Email Storage

Service

Service Desk
SOE Computing
Lifestyle Management
Service

Desk-side Support
Service
Remote Desktop
Support Service

SOE Change
Management Service

Resilient Email Service

SOE Procurement
Service

Self Help Portal

SOE Management
Reports Service

SOE Billing Service

Security Management
Service

SOE Backup Service

Network Services
Government
Identity
Management
Service

SOE Universal
Monitoring and
Management
Service

IP Telephony
Service

Government
Internet Access
Service

Remote
Access
Service

Network Infrastructure
Local Area Network
Connectivity Infrastructure

Global Wide Area Network

Connectivity Infrastructure

Government Network Operators

Centre (GNOC) Infrastructure

33

Why Common Operating environment for

Government?

34

Cloud Capabilities Must be Tailored to

G
Governments
t Unique
U i
Needs
N d
Federal Government
Considerations for Cloud Computing
Cloud
Cl
dC
Computing
ti
Services
Software as a Service (SaaS)

Citizen Engagement (Wikis, Blogs, Data.gov)

Government Productivity (Cloud based tools)
Business Enablement (Salesforce.com)
Enterprise Applications (Core Mission & Business Svcs)

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

Database and Database Management Systems
Developer / Testing Tools
Virtual Environments

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Computing
Storage
Application hosting

Security &
Data Privacy

Offer diff
Off
differentt
levels of
security and
data privacy
based on the
application and
nature of the
services
provided.
Potential
standardize
Low, Med and
High categories
for Simplicity.

Delivery &
Operations

Interoperability
& Integration

Enable
E
bl
adoption of
Cloud
Computing
services in
different Cloud
models
including
Public, Private,
Hybrid and
Community
models.

Develop
D
l
interoperability
standards in
conjunction
with the
industry to
provide
interoperability
at the data
infrastructure,
platform and
application
levels.

35

Cloud Functional Architecture

36

What
a iss the
e cloud?
c oud

IT as a service

Cloud allows access to services without user technical knowledge or control

of supporting infrastructure

Best described in terms of what happened to mechanical power over 100 yrs
ago

p
are simple
p devices connected to the larger
g cloud
Now computers

Data processing, storage and software applications that used to run locally
are now being supplied by big central computing stations. They're becoming,
p
g utilities.
in essence,, computing

Cloud Computing
in Public Sector

37

Government Initiatives
GTP

NEM

MAMPU have lead the initiatives to implement the EG

programs and the utilization of ICT across government
ministries and agencies
agencies

ICT infrastructure should be able to inter-connect the government agencies

as well as cater to the needs and requirement of government bodies in
delivering their services to the citizens
The government aims to further reduce bureaucracy and ease the process
g business in Malaysia
y
for foreign
g investors
for doing

10th Msia
Plan
National
Green Tech
Policy

With the increasing number of servers

and data centres across the public sector,
the way to move forward would be to
consolidate the ICT infrastructure towards
reducing under-utilization of ICT hardware
resources and improving the carbon
footprint of the government
governmentss ICT
operations

38

Current Environment Overview

Disparate network
services &
connectivity

High cost of
maintenance

39

Disparate data centre

& disaster recovery
centre infrastructure

Inefficiencies in ICT
infrastructure
operations

Non-standard enduser computing

standards

Non optimised
resource utilisation

39

Current Environment Overview - Putrajaya Campus

Network (PCN)

40

Current Environment Overview EG*Net Architecture

41

Case Study
Infrastructure Consolidation
and G
G-Cloud
Cloud

42

G-CLOUD PROGRAMME VISION

- SINGLE PRIVATE CLOUD COMPUTING

Desktop
Standard
desktop model
provides users
with access to
G-Cloud
Services

Cloud platform
services

Govt App
Store

Common
Service

Hosting
Infrastructure
services

Shared services
E il
Email

Find

Purchase
Promote as
Common Service

Off the
Shelf

Office
Apps

ERP 1
ERP 2

Provisioning

VOIP

Billing

HR 1

Custom
Services
*

The App Store is the gateway

to purchasing services from
the G-Cloud

Consolidated
Data Centres

Public Cloud 1

Public Cloud 2

Service management
Public Cloud 3

G-Cloud : bringing
bringing utility convenience to public sector ICT
PSN
efficient allocation of IT when its needed, through sharing standardised resources
*
to reduce costs
Application Store: enabling faster, cost-effective and consistent
certified solutions to business challenges through reusing and sharing applications and services
gp
public sector ICT services from the
Data Centre Consolidation: delivering
optimum number of high performing, energy-efficient, cost-effective and standards-based data centres

*Source Intellect G-Cloud Stakeholder meeting , Jan 2010

43

Case Study
y
Desktop EUWS Management
(end user work space)

A Government Case study

Goals of EUWS consolidation:

Success Metrics:

Lead to smarter purchasing of IT services by ensuring all

departments

Reduce Cost

Improve Productivity

benefit from the combined purchasing power of government,

therefore reducing the unit cost of a desktop.

Improve Capability

Improve Agility

Free up scarce, specialised IT resources to enable them to work

on higher value-adding business change initiatives.

Enhance Mobility

Improve Security

Create a more productive and attractive work place environment,

to ensure the government is competitive in attracting employees.
Enhance workforce agility by enabling staff to login from any
government computer.
Reduce the effort, delays and costs associated with machinery of
government changes, and
Significantly improve infrastructure security, and position
governmentt to
t respond
d to
t increasing
i
i demands
d
d ffor advanced
d
d
information security.
45

What
a iss the
e cloud?
c oud

IT as a service

Cloud allows access to services without user technical knowledge or control

of supporting infrastructure

Best described in terms of what happened to mechanical power over 100 yrs
ago

p
are simple
p devices connected to the larger
g cloud
Now computers

Data processing, storage and software applications that used to run locally
are now being supplied by big central computing stations. They're becoming,
p
g utilities.
in essence,, computing

Future Planning?

46

To Be Strategies
g
Overview
Objective
To increase public sector productivity, add value to services and improve efficiencies through a
whole-of-government approach on ICT infrastructure.
Areas of Concern
Public Sector ICT infrastructures are currently not fully optimised due to redundancies and inefficiencies
resulting from disparate ICT Infrastructure.
Strategy
Consolidation Consolidation
of Data Centres
of Public
and Disaster
Sector
Recovery
Network
Centres
(1Gov*Net)

Establishment
of Public
Sector Cloud
Computing
Infrastructure

Standardise Development
End User
of Common
Computing
S
it
Security
Infrastructure Infrastructure

Deployment
of Mobile
C
ti
Computing
Solutions

Increasing
U
Usage off
Open Source

47

Consolidation of Public Sector Network ((1Gov*Net))

To support policy purpose specified in RMK10 Consolidation of WAN
WAN.
Integrated whole-of-government network connecting
federal, state and local government.
g
may
y access g
government applications
pp
from
Agencies
any government office locations.
Agencies may access all government applications from
a single network access.
Foundation to enable infrastructure consolidation &
support future technology infrastructure (e.g. cloud
computing).
K B
Key
Benefits
fit
Reduced cost of procurement and services.
Increased responsiveness to organisational
change.

Enhanced service standards.

Greater assurance of interoperability and security.
New opportunities for more efficient information
sharing.

48

Establishment of Public Sector Cloud Computing

Infrastructure
Public Sector Cloud Computing Infrastructure
Development of Private Cloud for the public
sector for total control and security.
Enables agencies to select and host ICT
services from a secure
secure, scalable and cost
costeffective shared environment.
Agencies will be able to obtain access to various
cloud services through web portal which can be
provided
id d on-demand
d
d with
ith rapid
id provisioning.
i i i
Agencies procurement process will be faster.
Key Benefits
Substantial savings due to sharing of common
services, applications and infrastructure.

Enable services to be provided on demand

demand.
Enable faster provisioning of resources.
Minimise redundancies.

49

Establishment of Public Sector Cloud Computing

Infrastructure - Cloud Computing Dimensions
Five distinct dimensions focused on key aspects, as necessary to plan and implement
comprehensive cloud computing capabilities
Finance

C t l
Controls

- Cloud Computing Business Case

- Chargeback Metrics & Models

- Laws, Regulations & Business

Requirements Impacting Cloud Models
- Audit Impact & Considerations
- Application criticality
- Cloud p
provider SLA contracts
- Conformance to Standards,
Continuous Improvement

T h l
Technology
Process

- Technology Integration
- Technology Architecture
Standardization
- POC Review
- Application Rationalization
- Technology Standardization

- Impact on IT Service Management

Processes
- Change, Release, Config
- Incident, Problem
- Capacity Provisioning
- Vendor Management
- Process Metrics

Organization
- Operating in the Cloud - Organizational
Changes
- Organization Change Management
- Skills, Roles and Responsibilities
- Right-Sizing
- Governance Framework

50

50

ICT Infrastructure Roadmap

0 1 years
0-1

Pilot Projects

1-2 years
Public
Sector ICT
Infrastructure
Integration

Provisioning of
Infrastructure as
a Service.

Establish pilot project for Public Sector

Network, Cloud Computing Infrastructure,
End User Computing Standardisation and
End-User
Mobile Computing deployment.

Consolidation of Data Centers within Putrajaya

& Klang Valley areas (Federal agencies).
Development of Federated Identity and Access
Management to selected agencies.
2-5 years

Provisioning of Platform
as a Service.

Public
Sector ICT
Infrastructure
Optimisation

C
Complete
l
consolidation
lid i
of the Public Sector
Network.
Expansion of cloud
computing services.
Consolidation of regional
Data Centers.

Provisioning of Software as a Service.

51

Unit Pemodenan Tadbiran dan Perancangan Pengurusan Malaysia, Jabatan Perdana Menteri