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TTEEL LE CEOCMO M
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obile phones have evolved from supports SMS. forward mechanism for short messages.
being a status symbol to a neces- • SMS-enabled mobile phone. Once a message is sent, it is received
sity for most people. These have • Destination to send a short message by the SMSC. To direct the message to
mingled with the global network of com- or to receive it from, which may be another the appropriate destination, the SMSC
puters to offer a wide range of services mobile equipment, fax, or IP address. sends SMS request to home location reg-
such as Internet browsing, e-mailing, and While some mobile service providers ister (HLR) to locate the roaming customer.
text messaging while roaming. offer automatic access to SMS, others Communication with network elements
Short message service (SMS) is a digi- charge monthly fee. such as HLR and mobile switching centre
tal network facility that allows digital phone (MSC) is done through the signal transfer
subscribers to receive and send short mes- point (STP). Once the HLR receives the
SMS architecture
sages on their equipment. This relatively request, it informs the SMSC about the
simple but attractive messaging facility is SMS messages can be sent or received status of the subscriber, as to whether his
provided by mobile phone networks. To be any time, irrespective of whether a voice handset is active or not and where he is
precise, SMS is the transmission of short or data call is in progress. The messages roaming. If the subscriber’s device is off,
the SMSC will latch on to the message for
a definite time period. When the subscriber
activates his device, HLR notifies the SMSC
of the status and the SMSC attempts mes-
sage delivery.
The SMSC transfers message in short
message-delivery point-to-point format to
the serving system. The system pages the
roaming device and if it responds, the mes-
sage is delivered. The SMSC receives veri-
fication that the message has been received
by the roaming device. Once the message
is categorised as sent, the SMSC will not
attempt its delivery again.
Depending on the capabilities of the
SMSC and the MSC, SMS guarantees
prompt delivery of short messages to the
appropriate destination. Temporary failure
The basic SMS architecture due to non-availability of the receiving sta-