GENERAL ARRANGEMENT PLAN

SPACES AND SEPARATIONS

The general arrangement plan
shows the division of a vessel into
compartments in cross sections and longitudinal sections.
The compartments are formed by vertical separations (longitudinal and
transverse bulkheads) and horizontal separations (decks)
These compartments and spaces serve as storage spaces for cargoes, stores,
equipment, spare parts, liquids, etc., as accommodation spaces for passengers and
members of the crew, and as "domestic spaces", such as galley, pantries,
dispensary
The upper deck, or main deck is often the deck that is exposed to sea and
weather. That is why the main deck is also called the "weather deck". In fact, it
provides a "shelter" for all the contents of the vessel.
The extreme fore end of the vessel is called stem. The extreme aft end is the
stern.
The foremost part of the upper deck is called the forecastle. Its bulwark is
called the vauxhall. The anchor winches are situated on this deck.
The tweendeck is the intermediate deck between upper deck and
the inside bottom of the vessel, called tanktop. The tweendeck divides the
vessel into separate holds.
The upper holds and lower holds are the spaces that contain the
cargoes.
Spaces for liquid cargoes are called tanks.
Access to a hold can be obtained through hatches. On freighters these
hatches must be sufficiently broad for grabs to be lowered into the holds.
The foremost and aftermost spaces of the vessel are the peak tanks. They
may serve as storage spaces for ballast water and are capable of "absorbing" a part
of the impact-forces that are released in case of a collision.
The anchor chain is stored in the chain locker. It is situated over the fore peaktank.
The upper part of the fore peaktank is called the boatswain's (or bosun's)
locker, where ropes,paint and dunnage are kept.
Bulkheads are the vertical separations between holds and spaces. The fore
peak bulkhead and after peak bulkhead are the so-called collision bulkheads.
These transverse bulkheads are watertight and prevent the vessel from flooding in
case the vessel collides with an other vessel. Collision bulkheads are also fireretarding or even fireproof.

Apart from transverse bulkheads tankers are also fitted with two longitudinal
bulkheads that divide the vessel into starboard- and port wing tanks and a
centre tank.
The engine room is a watertight machinery space that contains the vessel's
propulsion plant.
The steering engine room must also be a watertight compartment and is
very often situated over the after peaktank. Due to large stresses that occur under
the engine room and peaktanks, additional strengthenings are often inserted.
The double bottom provides strength and storage space for fuel, lubricating
oil, fresh water, salt (ballast) water and potable water.
To prevent liquids from leaking from one double bottom tank into the other,
longitudinal and transverse separations are used between the tanks. These
separations, which are in fact empty spaces, are called cofferdams.
On the main deck we find the so-called superstructure with the
accommodation for the crew and passengers, the messroom, the galley and the
pantry.

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Identify the following

After having identified the different spaces of a ship think what their
main functions are

The navigating bridge contains the wheelhouse with the control station,
the chartroom where charts, pilot books and publications are kept, and
the radio room.
There are the instruments for navigation, such as the Radar, the log,
The master compass is usually situated on the monkey island, a small deck
or platform over the wheelhouse.
The upper deck

The imaginary line from stem to stern is called the fore-and-aft line. It
divides the vessel into a starboard- and portside (when facing forward).
"Abeam" is used to indicate direction at a right angle to the fore-and-aft line.
The terms used to indicate directions in which the vessel can proceed are:
ahead and astern, starboard and port.

The upper deck, or main deck, is divided into the foremost deck,
called "forecastle", the centre deck, called "midships", and the aft deck,
called "quarterdeck". A raised quarterdeck is called "poopdeck.The
foremost part of the vessel is divided into the starboard bow and port bow
. The quarterdeck is divided into the starboard quarter and port quarter.

Answer the following:

What are bulkheads?

What are decks?
Why is the main deck also called the weather deck?
What can we store in the compartments of a ship?
Where are the anchor winches situated?
Where is the cargo stored in a freighter?
Where is the cargo stored in a tanker?
What do peak tanks serve as?
Where is the anchor chain stored?
What is kept in the bosuns locker?
Name the watertight and fireproof spaces in a ship.

What is usually stored in the double bottom?

What spaces does the superstructure house?
What does the navigating bridge contain?
What is the fore-and-aft line?
FILL IN THE BLANK SPACES
1. The fore and aft line s.. starboard from port.
2. Decks and b. are horizontal and vertical s.. that
form the holds and spaces.
3. There are three types of decks: u.., t, l..
(tanktop).
4. The upper deck is divided into f, a. and q
decks. The bow is divided into s bow and p. bow. The
quarters are divided into s. and p. quarters.
5. The forepeak bulkhead and the afterpeak bulkhead are w.
bulkheads.