IndonesiaNationalWorkshoponSustainableDevelopmentGoals

Kuta,Bali
Monday,28thMayTuesday,29thMay

Contents
ExecutiveSummary.................................................................................................................................2
DetailedSummaryDayOne28thMay..............................................................................................5
OpeningSession..................................................................................................................................5
Session1:TheChangingContextChallengestoPlanetEarth..........................................................7
Session2:ASuccessortotheMDGsTheCaseforSustainableDevelopmentGoals.....................10
Session3:Challengestoeconomicgrowth,povertyalleviationandenvironmentalsustainabilityat
theNationalandLocalLevelstheIndonesiancontext...................................................................13
DetailedSummaryDayTwo29thMay............................................................................................15
OpeningSession................................................................................................................................15
Session4:SustainableDevelopmentGoalsAhistoricalPerspective.............................................17
Session5:StrategiestoImplementaSustainableDevelopmentAgenda........................................19
Session6:StrategyforIndonesiasEngagementonSDGs................................................................22
ClosingRemarks................................................................................................................................25

Executive Summary

DayOne28thMay

In the opening session, the status of Rio +20 as one of the most important UN conferences was
pointed out. Indonesia should use its position to ensure that decisions are taken at Rio and that
sustainabilityisaddressedthroughaholisticapproach.Lookingbackatthehistoricemergenceofthe
conceptofsustainabledevelopmentandpastconferencesfromStockholmoverJohannesburgtoRio,
the need for a paradigm shift was highlighted. Increasing GDP is still the main goal of economic
policies and addons such as Corporate Social Responsibility are not sufficient to address market
failures. Finding a new path to development is crucial as ecosystems are reaching their breaking
point. In the Indonesian context, this can be illustrated when looking at unsustainable practices in
theoceans,forexampleoverfishingintheArafuraSea.

Session1:TheChangingContextChallengestoPlanetEarth
While the MDGs have achieved important successes, especially in regard to raising awareness for
certain goals as poverty reduction, shortcomings include the lack of attention to inequality (both
withinandbetweencountries),buildingarealpartnershipfordevelopment(Goal8)andnotgiving
enoughattentiontothekindofgrowththathastobeachievedandthefactthatthereisnoblue
printmodelforeconomicsuccessBusinessasUsual(BAU)certainlynotbeingthewayforward.A
holistic approach, meaningful participation and the notion that development has to happen within
ourplanetsboundariesthusbesustainablesocially,environmentallyandeconomicallyisneeded.
Also,ithastobenotedthattheenvironmentalchallengeswefacearenotsynonymouswithclimate
change.AGreenEconomymodelisseenasthepreferredeconomicvehicletoachievesustainable
development broadly, not just the goals of climate change mitigation and adaptation. The
developingworldneedsagreendevelopmentpath,andaresourceefficiencyandcleanenergypath
isneededforthedevelopedworld.

Session2:ASuccessortotheMDGsTheCaseforSustainableDevelopmentGoals
Looking back on Indonesias past experience with the MDGs, disparities between provinces,
nurturing synergies between national and provincial efforts and specifically achieving MDG goals 5
(maternalmortalityrate)and6(combatHIV/AIDS)wereidentifiedaschallenges.Thus,beyond2015,
allgoalsthathavenotbeenachievedyetshouldberepresentedinthenewframework.Inforestry,
Indonesiafacesthechallengesofillegalloggingleadingtodeforestation,forestdegradationandalso
falling timber prices and a complex governance system. At the international level, the discussion
aboutapost2015DevelopmentAgendarevolvesaroundSustainableDevelopmentGoalsasoneway
forward with the Secretary General presenting an Action Agenda that defines sustainable
development as the overarching goal. This debate takes place within the context of a changing
politicallandscape:newpowers,suchastheBRICcountriesarerisingandthereisaneedforbetter
2

coordinationbetweentheUnitedNations,financialinstitutionsandotherentitiessuchasASEANand
G20.

Session 3: Challenges to economic growth, poverty alleviation and environmental

sustainabilityattheNationalandLocalLevelstheIndonesiancontext
Various sectoral success stories from solar heaters in China, to organic agriculture in Uganda to
forest management in Nepal indicate that socially propoor, economically viable and
environmentally sustainable development can indeed be achieved. But to achieve this, primary,
secondaryandtertiarysectorsshouldallbeinvestedin.Butbytakingacloserlookatpoverty,the
questionwasraisedwhetherpropoor,progreen,projobandprogrowthdevelopmentcanindeed
happen in parallel and without tradeoffs. Economic growth still follows the prevailing growth
paradigmandwhileextremepovertyhasbeenreduced,raisingthepovertylineto$2adayshows
that half of Indonesias population still lives in poverty. Thus, poverty eradication should still be
placed at the centre of development efforts. Building upon the notion of the existing growth
paradigm, also evident in the six economic corridors of the MP3EI, the question was raised as to
whether and how unsustainable pathways to development could be unlearned. Emphasis was
placed on establishing property rights as precondition for sustainable development. Drastic land
use change is currently taking place because of concessionary policies. It was proposed that the
President should put land rights issues on the agenda of Rio+20. Market mechanisms should be
supplementedbyeconomicmechanismswhichrestoreorbuildnaturalcapital.

Day229May
OpeningSession
BydrawingontheexampleoffrequentnaturaldisastersandtheiradverseimpactsinIndonesia,the
concept of a sectoral approach to development problems and challenges was again questioned:
when rising sea levels or changing rainfall patterns affect Indonesia, these effects are felt across
sectors and especially by the poor subsistence farmers and fishers whose livelihoods depend
directly on the environment. A holistic approach to development has to be chosen. Indonesias
leadershiproleindesigningsustainabledevelopmentgoalswasreconfirmedbyMr.HeruPrasetyo,
who also noted that the approach taken so far is still in a blueprint version and that it has to be
finalizedandimplementedin thebestway possible.Further,it washighlighted thatthe Agendain
Rio must not distance itself from the MDGs poverty focus, MDG 1 and differentiate between
responsibilitiesofdevelopinganddevelopedcountries.
Session4:SustainableDevelopmentGoalsAhistoricalPerspective
A phone call to Ms. Paula Caballero, Colombian foreign ministry official for social, economic and
environmental affairs, was insightful. Colombia has already put forward a proposal and a concept
noteonSDGs,togetherwithcountriessuchasGuatemala,PeruandtheUnitedArabEmirates.Ms.
CaballerostressedthatherexpectationofRio+20istostopnegotiatingandstartworking.Inthis
way,RioshouldideallygivethepoliticalsupporttoSDGssothatthetechnicalprocessondeveloping
concrete key issues, goals and indicators could start. These would then again have to be accepted
3

through a political process. She also shared the experience of Colombias efforts in developing
nationalsustainabledevelopmentgoals.
Session5:Strategiestoimplementasustainabledevelopmentagenda
Dr.PavanSukhdevstartedthesessionbystressing what theworldneeds to lookatinformulating
robust and tangible sustainable development goals: a good mix of goals and key issues addressed,
measurable indicators, excellent coordination and the involvement of all stakeholders. Mr. Abdon
NababanfromtheindigenouspeoplesorganizationAMANaddedtoDr.Sukhdevslist,particularly
with reference to involving indigenous people. He drew on past positive experience of indigenous
people working together with the government of Indonesia, for example by supplying community
maps.WithrespecttoRio,hesees5issuesthatIndonesiashouldbringtothetable:
1. UNdeclarationofRightsofIndigenousPeoplesshouldbekey
document
2. Culturalpillarshouldbeputasafourthpillartoexistingsustainable
developmentpillars
3. Protectionandrespectoftherightofindigenouspeopletoaccess
andusetheirlands>investinginlandrightsispreconditionto
investinginsustainabledevelopment
4. Recognizecontributionfromtraditionalknowledge
5. Green Economy should support indigenous peoples holistic
framework
Mr. Raldi Koestoer from the Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs sees a need for a greener
MP3EI.Hebasedthisonhisassessmentofspecificcorridorssuchascorridorthree(Kalimantan)
whereitbecameevidenttohimthattheplanisnotaddressingrealgreenorbluedevelopmentyet.
Mr.HeruPrasetyolookedbackonthehistoricalpathoftheREDD+TaskForceandpointedout,how
a SDG process could benefit by going through the same stages: 1. Preparation, 2. Transition, 3.
Implementation.Aparadigmshiftineconomicthinkingandtheinvolvementofallstakeholderswas
regardedascrucial.
Session6StrategyforIndonesiasEngagementintheSDGs
RearAdmiralWillempointedoutseveralgovernancechallengesifaholisticincontrasttoasectoral
approachshouldbetaken.Amongthemarecoordinationchallenges,insufficientimplementation
of existing laws and the fact that a common understanding of the concepts of blue and green
economy is still missing when looking at different ministries and central, regional and local
governmententities.Dr.WilliamSabandarseesseveralstepsthatstillneedtobetaken:greeningthe
MP3EI, continuouswork onnationaldevelopment problemswithview tosustainabledevelopment
for the budget 2013 and choosing short term goals on which all partners (including international
partners)havetowork:asanexamplehementionedsolvinglandrelatedconflicts.Whenlookingat
approaches to tackle these problems, Dr. Pavan Sukhdev advised that in fact a mix of approaches
shouldbetaken:focussingonsectors,policiesandkeyissues.Mr.SatyaTripathifromUNORCIDused
the example of posttsunami disaster management experience in Aceh, stressing that functional
integrationinsteadofinstitutionalintegrationshouldbekey:insteadofaskingwhatstructureshould
bedesigned,functionsshouldbedefinedfirstandformbuiltbasedonthesefunctions.
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Detailed Summary Day One 28th May

Opening Session

RearAdmiralWillemRampangilei,DeputyI,CoordinatingMinistryofPeoplesWelfare,Welcoming
Remarks:
1. Rio +20 has the status as one of the most important UN conferences. Within this context,
IndonesiashoulduseitspositiontomakesurethatdecisionsaretakenatRioandthatsustainability
isaddressed throughaholisticapproachwhere economy,environmentalissuesandsocialequality
areallconsidered.Buttakingonaholisticapproachalsopresentsachallenge.

Prof.EmilSalim,ChiefofthePresidentialAdvisoryCouncil,KeyNoteAddress:
1. Looking back at the historic emergence of the concept of sustainable development and past
conferencesfromStockholmoverJohannesburgtoRioshowsthegradualemergenceoftheconcept
of sustainable development. Here, the 1983 World Commission on Environment and Development
was key as sustainable development was defined as the interlinkage of economic, social and
environmentalquestions.
2. Over the last 40 years since the UN Conference on the Human Environment took place in
Stockholm 1972, importent documents and conventions have also been produced, such as the Rio
Declaration,Agenda21,UNFCCCandtheConventiononBiologicalDiversity(CBD).
3.Still,inordertotrulyrealizetheconceptofsustainabledevelopment,atleasttenparadigmshifts
havetotakeplace:
1. Recognizing the Matrix of interlinkages between economic, environmental and social
questions
2. Paradigmshiftfromasingletrackeconomytoatripletrackeconomy(environmental,social
andeconomicdevelopment)
3. Paradigmshiftfromresourceexploitationtoresourceenrichment
4. Paradigmshiftfromashorttoalongtermdevelopmentview
5. Paradigmshiftfromsectoralthinkingtoholisticthinking
6. Paradigmshiftfromatopdowntoaparticipatoryapproach
7. Paradigm shift from nonrenewable resource based output/energy and export of
unprocessedrawmaterialstorenewableresourcebaseddevelopmentpath
8. MarketmechanismneedstointernalizeenvironmentalandsocialcostsasCorporateSocial
Responsibility is not enough to tackle market failure and GDP growth is still the dominant
goalofeconomicplanning
9. Paradigm shift from development thinking in terms of GDP only to a GDP+ approach were
sustainabledevelopmentfactorsareintegrated
10. Development of Sustainable Development Goals that integrate Social, Economic and
EnvironmentalGoals

4.Consequently,whatRio+20,discussionswithinIndonesiaandthedesignofapost2015framework
havetofocusonisfindinganewHDIanewmeasureofprogresswhichreflectsafocusonsocial
equity and environmental sustainability by upgrading HDIs per capita GDP component with a
Giniadjusted,GreenGDPadjustedmeasure.Thisworkshopshouldprovidecontentwithregardsto:
a.) what this measure is, b.) how to measure and track it and c.) which policies and processes,
frameworksandgovernancesystemshavetobeinplacetoachieveit.

Prof. Indroyono Soesilo, SecretaryGeneral of the Coordinating Ministry of Peoples Welfare,

WelcomingRemarks:
1.Findinganewpathtodevelopmentiscrucialasecosystemsarereachingtheirbreakingpoint.In
theIndonesiancontext,thiscanbeillustratedwhenlookingatunsustainablepracticesintheoceans,
forexampleoverfishingintheArafuraSeawhichcouldbespottedusingpatrolaircrafts.
2.Globally,datashowsthatby2003,32%offishstockshadcollapsed,39%wereoverexploitedand
the remaining 29% were at the limit of sustainability. Besides overfishing, coastal and oceanic
ecosystems are also severelt harmed by the kind of fishing practices employed: dynamite and
cyanide fishing are severely damaging and ecosystems need a long time to recover. Data by the
WorldResourceInstitutedocumentsthestatusofIndonesiancoralreefswithseveredestructionin
mostareasbutparticularlyatthecoastsofJava,BaliandSulawesi.
3.ThesecondfactordrivingoceanicecostystemsinIndonesiaandworldwidetowardstheirbreaking
point is the adverse impact of anthropogenic climate change, manifested through global warming,
gradual sea level rise and intensified climate variability (for example the shorter intervals of the El
Nino/La Nina weather phenomenon). With global mean sea level variation at a rate of 2.4 mm
annually, projections show that the North Jakarta areas of Ancol, Tanjung Priok and Pantai Indah
Kapukcouldbecompletelyfloodedby2050.
4.Inthiscontextwheredangerousexploitativehumanpracticessuchaspelagicoverfishingandthe
adverse effects of anthropogenic climate change are driving marine ecosystems towards their
breakingpoint,actionisimmediatelyneeded.
5. One option is employing the concept of a blue economy on the national level. In 2005, the
President has already started an initiative for Responsible and Sustainable Management of our
Marine and Fisheries Resources. To truly realize a blue economy based on sustainable and
responsiblepractices,threestepsareneeded:
1. Improvedcontrollingofcapturefisherieactivities
2. Furtherdevelopmentofaquaculture
3. Introductionoffisheryvalueaddedproducts(coldchainsystem,zerowaste)
6. Internationally, global cooperation is needed to sustainably manage oceans as global commons.
IndonesiaisalreadyplayinganactivepartintheCoralTriangleInitiative(CTI)oncoralreefs,fisheries
andfoodsecurity)

Session 1: The Changing Context Challenges to Planet Earth

Dr.PavanSukhdev,GISTAdvisory,Introduction:
1.TwoofthemostpertinentenvironmentalproblemsIndonesiacurrentlyfacesdeforestationand
coralreefdestructionillustrate,thatenvironmentalproblemsdonotonlyrelatetobiodiversityloss
but to livelihoods as poor communities depend on ecosystem services. Poor communities living in
and near forests or as fishers close to coasts and on small islands immediately feel the adverse
consequences of ecosystem destruction and degradation. At the same time, coral reef destruction
anddeforestationdirectlyrelatetothewidereconomicsystemandhoweconomicdecisionmakingis
structured.
2.Thisfirstsessionoftheworkshopisputtingafocusonfindingsolutionstocomplexproblems.

Dr.ErnaWitoelar,FormerUNEnvoyforMDGs:
1.WhilethePlanetischangingrapidly,somefactorsremain:poverty,hugedisparitiesbetweenand
withincountries,rapidurbanizationandalackofsanitation.IncopingwiththesechallengesSDGsare
one option among several and one should not confuse the two SDGs as one proposal with the
broaderframeworkandtaskofdesigningfuturepost2015developmentgoals.
2.Whenworkingonthechallengesweareconfrontingtoday,severalthingsshouldbekeptinmind.
Theconceptofsustainabledevelopmentisimportantasarethedocumentsthatwerealreadyagreed
upontoimplementit,suchastheAgenda21.AnimportantcomponentofAgenda21wasrealizing
sustainabledevelopmentnotonlygloballyornationallybutalsoatthelocallevelthisisstillmissing
in Indonesia. Equally important is the Millennium Development Declaration and it is important to
remember that the associated Millennium Development Goals are not of a prescriptive nature but
thattheyallowfortailoringaccordingtocontext.IftheMDGsaresometimesdubbedtheMinimum
DevelopmentGoalsthenthisonlyindicatesthattheworldshouldbemoreambitious.Therearealso
some interesting lessons to be learnt from the way the issue of climate change appeared on the
agenda.Thereisnowwidespreadpublicandmediaawareness,partlyduetosuchseminalworkslike
theSternreport.
3.Intheprocessofformulatingthepost2015framework,atleastfivelessonscanbedrawnfromthe
MDGs:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Eliminatingpovertymustbeatheartofeverypost2015agenda
Dataandstatisticalcapabilityatnationallevelisstillaproblem
Movingfromclimatechangeagendatosustainabledevelopment
Holistic approach is crucial: move from MDGapproach to interlinked and cross
sectoraltakeondevelopment
7

5. Millennium Declaration still valid as framework: equality, good governance,

sustainability
4. In conclusion, there are at least two concrete steps that need to be taken when designing and
implementing future Sustainable Development Goals. Firstly, lessons from all the SDG milestones
should be developed incorporating solid coordination among the governance system, the local
societiesandinstitutions.Secondly,dataandawarenessmustbegeneratedhavingthelocallevelin
mindandgoodgovernanceiscrucial.
5.Whenlookingatkeyissues,sanitationandwatermanagementhavetoaddressed.Thetechnology
andideasaretherebuttheprioritysettingseemstobelacking.Importantly,thereshouldbemore
sectorallinkingbetweentheinstitutionsanddepartmentsresponsibleforsanitationandwater.

Mr.RathinRoy,Head,UNDPAsiaPacificRegionalCentre,Bangkok:
1.Currently,around60%oftheworldspopulationlivesinAsia.Fortheplanettobesafe,thisregion
has to be safe. Further, the Asian region is not only the largest and most populated but also the
region that is probably most susceptible to the adverse effects of anthropogenic climate change.
Hence,itiscrucialfortheAsianregionanditspeopletoplayanactiveroleinthediscussionsbaouta
post2015developmentframework.
2. While the MDGs succeeded in mainstreaming simple key issues, they failed in the big picture,
whichcanbehighlightedbytheissuestheyignored:inequalitybothwithinandbetweencountries
wasnotaddressed,Goal8(AGlobalPartnershipforDevelopment)wasvirtuellywipedoutofthe
conversation and lastly it was not recognized that there are no blueprint models leading to
economicsuccess.
3. Looking at the first failure, ecological change is going to bring large inequalities within and
betweennations.Environmentalchangeandinequalitythusbothhavetobeaddressed.Joiningthe
dotbetweeneconomicandsocialproblemsisnotdifficult:Itisinequalitythatweneedtosolvein
ordertocreatebalancedopportunitieswithinandbetweencountries.
4. Focussing on the way ahead towards Sustainable Development Goals, several problems or
challengesshouldbenoted:
1. AbetterdistributionofpowerwithinmultilateralorganizationssuchastheUN,WTOorthe
WorldBankisneeded.
2. Itisalwaysemphasizedthataholisticapproachtodevelopmentshouldbetaken.However,
institutions themselves both the United Nations and the Government of Indonesia are
notorganizedholisticallybutinsectors.Intheworstcase,thiscancreateagridlocksimilarto
theJakartatrafficjam.
3. Participation and consultation have to be brought on board, but in a meaningful manner.
Particpatory processes should not be implemented for the sake of participation but with a
clearpurpose.
4. Climate change while being an important issue is not synonymous with sustainable
development.Thus,theclimatechangebureaucracycannottaketheleadintheSDGprocess
asthisnegatestheholisticapproach.
8

Mr.HeruPrasetyo,DeputyHeadofUKP4
1.DrawingonhistoricaldiscussionpointsandquotationsfromboththeStockholmDeclarationfrom
1972 and the Rio Declaration from 1992 shows, that the world is confronting are still the same or
have in fact become worse and more severe. This becomes even more evident by looking at
commentsthatweremadefromparticipantswhilethemilestoneconferencestilltookplace,suchas
whenGeorgeW.BushstatedthattheAmericanwayoflifecouldnotbecompromised.
2. Today, 40 years have passed since Stockholm Declaration. Numerous meetings have been held
throughRioin1992andsuccessiveUNFCCCevents,and60,000peoplewillgatherinRio+20more
thanthenumberofvolunteersinAcehandNias.However,thedestructioncontinues,duetohuman
mismanagementofplanetaryresources.
3. The reason behind the still ongoing destruction and unsuccessful initiatives of international
meetingsisthefailureofoureconomicandmanagementmodels.Theplanetisdyinganddiscussions
arenotenoughtosaveit.Moreover,MultinationalCorporationsdominatethediscussionandhinder
thesolutionweneed.Theonlywaytocopewiththedecayingplanetandpossiblyreverseadverse
effectsisbychangingthewaywetreattheplanetandchangingthewayweperceivesituations.
4. Large shifts in technology for example the quartz movement in watches, pioneered by the
Japanese company Seiko can serve as examples for how to bring about big changes. Firstly,
separate units that are reporting to the highest instance have to be created. Secondly, what is
needed has to be done and real reform should take place. Thirdly, parallel with these efforts, a
changeinmanagementhastotakeplace.
5. Based on the Seiko success story, we need to establish ambidextrous organization where the
climate change unit is incorporated within the ministries and the agencies and could help the
organizationdealwiththerealreformnecessarytofacethechangesfromwithin.

Session 2: A Successor to the MDGs The Case for Sustainable Development

Goals

Dr.PavanSukhdev,GISTAdvisory,SessionIntroduction:
1. In trying to identify pathways to sustainable development, the concept of Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs) evolved. Several recent efforts by various nations and groups can be
reviewed, concerning the why and partly also the what and the how of future sustainable
developmentgoals(SDGs).
2. Colombia led the way in developing a proposal and a concept note for SDGs together with
Guatemala, Peru and the United Arab Emirates. The goals proposed in these documents point to
specificneedsanditisnoteworthythatthecountriesdonotintendtoreinventthewheelbutrather
build upon existing strategies such as the Agenda 21 and define the necessary moves from there.
Examples of the content include the pertinent question of human settlements and the issue of
consumptionandproductionindevelopedcountries.
3. Recently, UNEP published its more than 200 page strong Green Economy Report. The green
economy is here presented as a mode to achieve sustainable development and is defined as low
carbon,resourceefficientandsociallyinclusive.
4.WiththeGaboroneDeclaration,severalAfricancountriesstressedthevalueofnaturalcapitalas
asset for development. Transparency and sustainable resource management underpins the
development options a society has and poor natural capital management thus represents a
development impediment. The Declaration also includes a commitment to move forward in 2013
regardingnaturalcapitalaccountinginnationalsystems.
5.Keepinginmindthethreeexamplesstatedabove,thisworkshopsessionshouldexplorehowSDGs
couldcontributetohumandevelopmentinapost2015framework.
Ms.NinaSardjunani,DeputyMinisterofHumanResourcesandCulture,Bappenas:
1. Looking back on Indonesias past experience with the MDGs, disparities between provinces,
nurturing synergies between national and provincial efforts and specifically achieving MDG goals 5
(maternalmortalityrate)and6(combatHIV/AIDS)stillconstitutechallenges.
2.Thus,beyond2015,allgoalsthathavenotbeenachievedyetshouldberepresentedinthenew
developmentframework.Povertyremainsamatureissue,especiallywhennotonlyextremepoverty
ismeasured.DrawingontheIndonesiancontext,geographicandgenderdisparatiesandinequalities
alsoneedtobeconsidered.
3. Likewise, the lessons learnt from the MDGs have to be incorporated. Among them were the
success MDGs had in raising public awareness and support. Further, the MGDs have provided a
frameworkformonitoringprogressandwhilecapacitiesarestillnotstongeverywhereandregional
disparitiesremain,havingsuchsystemsinplacewasamajorimprovement.
4.Atthesametime,someofthegoalsmayhavetobemodifiedandunderstoodinadeeperway.

10

5.Stunting,forexample,ismoreseverethanmalnutritionandshouldbeaddressedthroughseparate
indicators. Likewise, gender equality should also look at the representation of women in national
parliaments.Educationneedstobemeasurednotonlyintermsofquantitybutalsoquality.

Mr.TonySoehartono,MinistryofForestry,onbehalfofDr.ImanSantoso,HeadofResearchand
DevelopmentBoard,MinistryofForestry:
1. In forestry, Indonesia faces the challenges of illegal logging leading to deforestation, forest
degradationandalsofallingtimberpricesandacomplexgovernancesystem.
2.Currenteffortsundertakeninclude:

Planting a billion trees: the challenge remains that people tend to plant in their
offices/homesinsteadofplaceswherereforestationmightbemoreconducive
Leading the REDD+ issue in a context where there are around 61 Demonstration Activities
takingplaceinvariousareas(16Sumatra,Kalimantan26,Sulawesi4,Java4,NTT2,Papua6)
Registry is far from perfect within the office administration and confusion concerning
numberandscopeofdemonstrationactivitiesintheoutcome
Establishmentof50nationalParkscoveringapp.20millionhaofforestareas
IdentifyingIndonesianpriorityspeciesforprotection
Ensuringbetterdevelopmentofforest:
a. Altertheforeststatusfromnaturalforesttotimberplantation.
b. Deforestationdeclinefrom5millionin2003to0,5millionin2011
c. Moratorium of natural forest for 2 years followed by the production of a new and
comprehensive map of the moratorium area and postponing the issuance of logging
permitaswellascollaboratingwiththeworkinggrouponlandtenure

3.While thereisalotofprogressinreforestationandforestrehabilitation, addressing(fair)forest

trade and livelihoods as well as implementing REDD+ is crucial. Further, 120 forest management
units will be established to improve governance in the sector and coordination with ongoing
activities.

Dr. Surendra Shrestha, Director and Focal Point on SDGs, Executive Coordinators Office, UN
ConferenceonSustainableDevelopment(Rio+20),UNHeadquarters,NewYork:
1.Attheinternationallevel,thediscussionaboutapost2015DevelopmentAgendarevolvesaround
SustainableDevelopmentGoalsasonewayforwardwiththeSecretaryGeneralpresentinganAction
Agendathatdefinessustainabledevelopmentastheoverarchinggoal.
2.AconcernvoicedisthatunliketheMDGs,futureSDGsshouldbedesignedthroughadeveloping
countrydrivenprocess.Thisdebatetakesplacewithinthecontextofachangingpoliticallandscape:
newpowers,suchastheBRICcountries(Brazil,Russia,IndiaandChina)arerisingandthereisaneed
forbettercoordinationbetweentheUnitedNations,financialinstitutionsandotherentitiessuchas
ASEANandG20.
11

3. Another consideration to be discussed is the question of what would constitute ideal Rio +20
mandates.SomemuchdiscussedandcurrentlyproposedmandatesforRio+20are:
a. Politicalcommitmentforframeworkonglobalgoals(thegoalswouldhavetobetrulyglobal
thistime,constitutinggoalsfordevelopedaswellasdevelopingcontries)
b. GuidingCharacterizationfortheGoals
c. CrossCuttingThemesfortheGoals
d. IdentifyPotentialsGoals
4.RegardingpotentialSDGcomponents,wemustlookcarefullyintocrosscuttingissues,prioritizethe
themesandthentranslatethoseintooneframeworkofglobalandnationalgoals.Itissuggestedto
clusterthecrosscuttingissuesidentifiedintohumanwellbeingandplanetwellbeingclustertoease
thediscussion.
5.Asasummarywitha viewtowardsthe post2015process,itisclearthat theprocessshouldbe
drivenbymemberstates,shouldbetimeboundandallongoingprocessesanddiscussionsneedto
bebroughtintooneframework.Inthecurrentprocess,leadershipismissingandIndonesiawithits
specialposition(specialrelationtoBRIC,IslamicStates,5thfastestsgrowingeconomywithintheG20)
shouldfillthisposition.

12

Session 3: Challenges to economic growth, poverty alleviation and

environmental sustainability at the National and Local Levels the
Indonesian context

Dr.PavanSukhdev,GISTAdvisory,SessionIntroduction:
1.VarioussectoralsuccessstoriesfromsolarheatersinChina,toorganicagricultureinUgandato
forest management in Nepal indicate that socially propoor, economically viable and
environmentallysustainabledevelopmentcanindeedbeachieved.
2.However,inordertoachievesuchsuccessesinvestmenthastoreachtheprimary,secondaryand
tertiarysectorsalike.
3.Thisworkshopsessionwillfocusonthechallengeswefacewhenwantingtoachievegrowththatis
alsosustainable.Also,nationalandlocalexperiencesrelatingtogrowth,povertyalleviationandgood
resourceandenvironmentmanagementwillbesharedanddiscussed.
Dr.H.S.Dillon,PresidentialEnvoyonPovertyAlleviation:
1. Bytakingacloserlookatpoverty,thequestionariseswhetherpropoor,progreen,projoband
progrowthdevelopmentcanindeedhappeninparallelandwithouttradeoffs.Economicgrowth
within Indonesia and globally still follows the prevailing growth paradigm and while extreme
poverty has been reduced, raising the poverty line to $2 a day shows that half of Indonesias
populationstilllivesinpoverty.
2.Atthesametime,theparadigmofeconomicgrowthhasshiftedpressureontoexternalitiessuch
as the environment. Thus, poverty eradication should still be placed at the centre of development
efforts.Onewayforwardcouldbetheestablishmentofspecialfundsenablingthepoor.
3.Analysingthenationallevelandthecurrentmodeofeconomicmanagementandpoliciesinmore
detail,atleastninechallengesbecomeevident:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Diffusionofcorruption
Lockedincommoditymodeofextraction
Violencebynonstateactors(FPIasanexample)
Propoor,progrowth,progreenandproemploymentaredefactotradeoffsbutno
onehascouragetoaddressthis
Regressivetaxation
Creationofmeaningfulemploymentwhilemovingupvaluechainneedstotakeplace
Howtocreaterobustgreeneconomy?>byputtingpovertyeradicationatthe
centre
Nosocietywillingtodecreaseconsumption,yetthisisbenecessarytostaywithin
planetaryboundaries>unfetteredmarketsdonotonlycreateamarketeconomy
butamarketsociety

3.Concerningthedesignofnewdevelopmentgoalsontheinternationallevel,fourprioritieshaveto
beset:
13

1.
2.
3.
4.

Povertyeradicationhastobeplacedatthecentre
Thereisnosustainabilitywithouttakingcareofthisgenerationfirst
Valuedrivenpublicprivatepeoplepartnershipscanserveassolution
AddressedtoUN:specialfundstoenablepoorshouldbeestablished

Dr.NoerFauzi,HeadofStudioonIndonesianAgrarianStudies,SajogyoInstitute:
1. Building upon the notion of the existing growthparadigm, also evident in the six economic
corridorsoftheMP3EI,thequestioncanberaisedastowhetherandhowunsustainablepathwaysto
developmentcouldbeunlearned.
2.Thesixeconomiccorridorsfocussolelyonacceleratingresourceextractionandexportingtoglobal
markets, for example through mining and palm oil. If this unsustainable mode of growth is to be
unlearned,anemphasishastobeputonestablishingpropertyrightsaspreconditionforsustainable
development.
3.Itcanalsobeobservedthatpeoplearetrappedintheidealisticprincipleofhigheconomicgrowth
and implicitly accepting the negative ecological footprint that comes along with it. This
predominanceofgrowthandassociatedcarbonemissionsconstitutessocietysrealitybecauseofa
lack of awareness. Therefore, it is important to target the consciousness of the people in order to
alterthemainstreamperspective
4.Drasticlandusechangeiscurrentlytakingplacebecauseofconcessionarypoliciesandexploitative
modeofresourceextraction.Thisislargelytothebenefitofmultinationalcorporations(MDG)and
resultsindisadvantagesforthepeopletraditionallyoccupyingandusingtheland.
5.ItisproposedthatthePresidentshouldputlandrightsissuesontheagendaofRio+20.Thepoor
have to be brought into negotiations with governments as corporations wont change land rights
themselves.Locallandconflictshavetobeinternationalized.

14

Detailed Summary Day Two 29th May

Opening Session

Dr.PavanSukhdev,GISTAdvisory,Introduction:
1.Withregardstothefirstdayoftheworkshop,severaltakehomemessagescouldbeidentified.
2.ThefirstsessiononchallengesofferedaninterestinghistoricalviewbyProfessorSalim.Lookingat
specificissuesandneeds,itwasrepeatedlyhighlightedthatmanagingoceanssustainablyisnotonly
about biodiversity conservation but also poverty alleviation as many poor communities directly
depend on oceanic ecosystem services for protein intake. Further, there was consensus among
panelists that looking beyond GDP as a measure for economic performance constitutes a major
goals: it is the economic framework that needs to be changed as well as the behaviour of private
companies.
3.ThesecondsessionfocussedontheneedforSDGs,or,morecritically,ifsuchaneedexists.Inthis
respectitwasinterestingtolookbackatIndonesiasexperiencewiththeMDGs,identifyingwerethe
country succeeded and which issues still need to be addressed. During the discussion it became
evidentthatanywayforwardwouldhavetotakehumanaswellasnaturalcapitalintoaccount.Also,
Indonesiawasviewedasaleaderinthiswayforwardmaybeweshouldstartthinkingintermsof
BRICIcountriesinsteadofBRIC?
4.Inthethirdandfinalsessionofthefirstday,thefocuswasputonpropertyrightsandlandreform
asawaytomakeeconomicpracticesmoresustainable.Creatingcapacityatthehandsofthepoor
cannothappenwithoutpropertyrights.Oneapproachwouldbetoframetheissueasassetsinterms
of ecosystem services at Rio +20. Further, the session showed that any kind of new development
framework should not distance itself from MDG 1. Also, a distinction has to be made between
developinganddevelopedcountriesandtheirrespectiveresponsibilities.

H.E.AgungLaksono,CoordinatingMinisterforSocialWelfare:
1.BydrawingontheexampleoffrequentnaturaldisastersandtheiradverseimpactsinIndonesia,
the concept of a sectoral approach to development problems and challenges can be questioned:
when rising sea levels or changing rainfall patterns affect Indonesia, these effects are felt across
sectors and especially by the poor subsistence farmers and fishers whose livelihoods depend
directlyontheenvironment.
2.Aholisticapproachtodevelopmenthastobechosen.Atthesametime,with9billionpeopleliving
ontheplanetin2050,povertyremainsacentralissueandshouldnotbediscarded.
3.Governmentsshouldfocusonthepoorandvulnerable,especiallyfarmersandfishers.Atthesame
time,individualconsumptionandproductionpatternshavetochange.

15

Mr.HeruPrasetyo,DeputyHeadofUKP4:
1.Fromthediscussionstakingplaceonthefirstdayoftheworkshop,twothingscanbeconcluded:
2. Firstly, with its natural endowments, its capacity and its relations worldwide, Indonesia as a
country is indeed in a good position to take the lead in a process for designing Sustainable
DevelopmentGoalsforthepost2015DevelopmentFramework.
3. However and secondly, many challenges remain. An approach still has to be finalized and
implementedinthebestwaypossible.Atthesametime,onehastobeawarethatthereisnoblue
printforsuccess.

16

Session 4: Sustainable Development Goals A historical Perspective

Ms. Paula Caballero, Colombian foreign ministry official for social, economic and environmental
affairs:
1. SDGs must learn from MDGs past experience and reflect the realities and priorities within the
nationalcontextinordertoguidethepolicyanddecisionmakingofcountryleaders.Initsfunction,
theColombiangovernmentbelievesthatSDGsshouldbeable toidentifythe gapsofdevelopment
and focus mostly on implementation and concrete action such as institutional empowerment,
capacitybuilding,enhancingnewtechnologywhichwouldleadcountriestosolvethedevelopment
issuesuchaswaterscarcity,landmanagement,foodsecurityamongmanyissues.Inthisrespect,Ms.
Caballero also mentioned that Colombia decided on supporting Sustainable Development Goals as
therewasagrowingfearthatRio+20wouldhavenorealimpact.

2. What is crucial to Colombias concept of SDGs is, that they are universal in their outlook in
contrasttoMDGswhichfocussedonachievinggoalsinthedevelopingworldonly.
1. Eventhoughresponsibilitiesaredifferentiated,SDGscouldbringauniversalshared
visionofworkingtogetherencompassingonallcountries
2. Focusingonkeyissues,suchassettlementsandsanitationwhichrepresentthethree
dimensionsofsustainabledevelopment
3. SDGsarereallyaboutimplementationwithMillenniumDeclaration,Agenda21and
JPOIservingasfoundation

3.SDGsareaboutcreatingamatrixbuttheyalsoaboutgoingbeyondthematrix.Thediscussionon
SDGsisindeedcomplexandtherefore,theRio+20processiscomplexastherearemanyactivities,
consultations and decisions that need to be made at national, regional and global levels. The
Colombiangovernmentconsidersthatthereisanurgetoprioritizeemergingdevelopmentthemes
andissuesthatareconsideredcriticalandparamountelementstomoveforward,whichareinspired
by Agenda 21. Those issues are; (i) combating poverty, (ii) changing consumption patterns, (iii)
promoting sustainable human settlement, (iv) Biodiversity and Forests , (v) oceans, (vi) water
resources,(vii)advancingfoodsecurityand(viii)energyincludingfromrenewableresourcessuchas
biofuel.

4. Poverty reduction cannot be achieved through a keyholevision! Consequently, SDGs are about
povertyreductionbutalsoaboutsomuchmorethanpovertyreduction.

5.ThemainexpectationofRio+20istostopnegotiatingandstartworking.Inthisway,Rioshould
ideally give the political support to SDGs so that the technical process on developing concrete key
issues, goals and indicators could start. These would then again have to be accepted through a
politicalprocess.

6. Regarding natural capital, as a response to Gaborone Declaration by Africa leaders, the natural
capitalissueshouldbetranslatedintonaturalassetmanagementandlinkittohowitwouldprovide
realcontributiontopeoplelivelihood.

17

7.WhilethismaynotbedirectlyapplicabletoIndonesia,giventhedifferentcontext,Colombiahas
made good experiences with developing sustainable development goals on the national level. The
countryalsosetupaministryforEnvironmentandSustainableDevelopment.

Dr.MakarimWibisono,ExecutiveDirectorofASEANFoundation:
1. As MDGs were addressing pressing problems at that time, sustainable development is the
challengeofourtimesotheprocessshouldbebuildingupontheMDGsbutgivingmoreweighton
equalityandtheenvironmentinordertoachievebetterbalance.
2.Nationalownershipratherthansectoralownershipisneededaslookingatothercountriesshows
thatsomehavesustainabledevelopmentcouncilsandarefaringwellwithit.Allagenciesshouldbe
involvedindevelopingsustainabledevelopmentgoalsforIndonesia
3.Further,water,foodsecurity,andhealthissuesbecamemorepressingconcernsinrecentyears,
highlightingthedependenceonnaturalresourcesandtheneedtomanagethemwisely.Therefore,
these new complex areas need to be included in any future resolution. Facing complexities,
cooperationbetweencountriesalsobecomesmoreimportant.
4.ForIndonesiaasacountry,Rio+20isalsoimportantwithaviewtowardsthePresidentsroleas
copanelistforfuturedevelopmentgoals.
5. The main focus of Rio +20 will be the green economy. Such an economy can function by (a)
incorporating social concerns at all cost in the sustainability of life and market value, (b) mapping
bothonshorttermandlongtermtargetsandachievements,(c)expandingthehumandevelopment
index by designing a Sustainable Development Index. There is a need to create a sustainable
developmentgoal,buttobeabletoreachthisgoal,wealsoneedtofocusonthedenominatorand
tobringinggoalstogetherbywayofaneweconomymodel,whichistheGreenEconomy.
6. Human Rights are of high importance in this context. Problems of land degradation and land
conflict are essentially part of a broader human rights take on the natural environment. As a
suggestion, it is important to create a forum where all countries could provide a report of their
achievementsandtocreateanewcommitmentfortheinternationalframeworkregardingthesaid
issue.
7.Insum,oneshouldbeoptimisticbutnottoooptimistic,asachievingsomethingintheUNsystem
is like the mating of elephants [] and nothing happens for 22 months (paraphrased, Pamela S.
Chassek)

18

Session 5: Strategies to Implement a Sustainable Development Agenda

Dr.PavanSukhdev,GISTAdvisory,Introduction:
1.WhentakingacloserlookattheprocessofformulatingandimplementingSDGs,fourissuesneed
to be addressed: a good mix of goals and key issues addressed measurable indicators, excellent
coordinationandtheinvolvementofallstakeholders.
2.Sustainabledevelopmentisnotaboutthreepillarsbutaboutdimensionstodifferefentchallenges
onecanhidebehindpillarsbutnotdimensions.
3.Keyissuestobetackledincludewatermanagementandeffectivecooperationbetweenandwithin
states.

Mr.AbdonNababan,HeadofAMAN:
1.AMAN,asoneoftheorganizationsrepresentingindigenouspeopleinIndonesiaemploysabroad
definitionofwhatconstitutesindigenousortraditionalcommunities,thatgoesbeyondthenotionof
blood, commonly refered to by governments. Indigenous people should also be perceived through
their relation to the land they live on and use, sovereignty over land and their unique governance
system(s).Thesevaryingdefinitionshaveaffectedthedataonthenumberofindigenouspeoplein
Indonesia,whichbasedonAMANreachesupto32%ofIndonesiaspopulation.
2.IndigenouspeoplelivinginIndonesiatodayfaceseveralproblems.Maindisadvantagesrelateto:
economicmarganilzation,ecologicaldegradationandincreasinghumanrightsviolation.
3. Regarding the concept of sustainable development, the example of indigenous people living in
West Kalimantan can serve to illustrate how traditional communities have lived sustainably even
before the concept was introduced. Dayak in this area manage their natural resources sustainably
andterritoryisallocatedbasedonthefunctionsandservicesitprovides.
4. These systems are relatively complicated and complex since they are intertwined with cultural
backgroundandthetribalancestralsystems.Itisimportanttonotethatthereisnottheindigenous
resourcemanagementpracticeascommunitiesandtheirtraditionsandlastlytheenvironmentsthey
liveinarediverse.
5. Past positive experiences of indigenous people working together with the government of
Indonesia show, that a lot for sustainable development can be done in this way. In this vein,
communitiescouldsupportthegovernmentbyprovidingmaps.Communitymappingdocumentsthe
sustainable ways in which indigenous communities use ancestrol land while this exercise also
supportsthegovernmentintheirspatialplanningsystemsandactivities.
6.WithrespecttoRio,therearefiveissuesthatIndonesiashouldbringtothetable:
6. UNdeclarationofRightsofIndigenousPeoplesshouldbethekeydocument
7. Culturalpillarshouldbeputasafourthpillartoexistingsustainabledevelopmentpillars
8. Protection and respect of the right of indigenous people to access and use their lands;
investinginlandrightsispreconditiontoinvestinginsustainabledevelopment
9. Recognitionofthecontributionsfromtraditionalknowledge
19

10. GreenEconomyshouldsupportindigenouspeoplesholisticframework
Mr.RaldiKoestoer,CoordinatingMinistryforEconomicAffairs:
1. Green Economics is the theory of economics by which an economy is considered to be the
component of the ecosystem in which it resides: renewable energy, green buildings, and land
management are key areas to be addressed. A green economy drives sustainable growth while
valuing natural capital and provides for food, water, climate and resource security. The Green
Economyalsoconstitutesofwastemanagement,cleantransportationandwatermanagement.
2. When establishing a green economy nationally, we need to consider building low carbon
economies in all sectors and industries; facilitating a shift to renewables and energy efficiency
economies,sustainability development,strengtheningPublicServicesandenhancinglocalcapacity;
aswellassocioeconomicwelfareasthefirstpriority.
3. In addition, the Green Economy can also be a potential instrument in reducing the emissions of
greenhouse gases. This has been regulated by the Presidential Regulation, no. 61 2011, which
mandates mitigation actions focused on: a) Agriculture, b) forestry and Peat land management, c)
EnergyandTransport,d)Industry,e)Wastemanagement,f)othersupportingactivities.
4. There is a need for a greener MP3EI. This is can be seen when assessing corridors such as
corridor three (Kalimantan) which has a focus on extractive resources and energy export through
prioritizingminingandpalmoil.Hereitisevidentthattheplanisnotaddressingrealgreenorblue
developmentyet.AtthesametimesomeareassuchasKalimantanandPapuaaremostsensitiveto
the adverse effects of a changing climate such as flooding. Thus, not only mitigation but also
adaptationconcernshavetobeintegratedineconomicplanning.
5.In conclusion,therearefourfactors thatneed to beaddressedwhen buildinganationalgreen
economy:
1. IndonesiasCommitmentstoGreenDevelopmentsreferringtoMP3EIandPPGRK(PP61&PP
71/2011)tobeplannedgloballyandimplementedlocally
2. RequiringthespatialdistributionpatternofConnectivitydevelopmentandofGasRumahKaca
(GRK).Thisrequirementneedstobeimplementedmostlyinthevulnerableregions
3. The development priorities are based on Green (technoscience) Economy concept aiming at
ProGrowth,ProPoor,ProJobandProEnvironmentdevelopmentpathways
4. To build a real partnership and capacity building (HRD, Institutional building, and collective
effortsamongdevelopmentactors&stakeholders)

Mr.HeruPrasetyo,UKP4:
1.RecallingthepresentationbyMr.AbdonNababan,thereistheneedtoconsidertheideaofland
based islands of permaeconomies such as represented by the Dayak communities already
implementingsustainablelandandresourcemanagement.Weneedtostartthinkingaboutcreating
suchlandbasedislandsnowforthesakeoffuturegenerationsandtheiroptions.

20

2. In synergizing the three dimensions (economy, social and environment) we need to design a
NationalAgendathataddressesbothspectrums;domesticpublic(legislative,NGOs,privatesectors)
andinternationalagenda(multilateral,bilateral,multibilateral).
3.Atthesametime,allimplementationeffortsalsoneedtoreachthesubnationalandthesubsub
nationallevel:fromtheskytothelandtothepeatlands.
4. Drawing on the historical path of the REDD+ Task Force indicates, how a national SDG process
couldbenefitbygoingthroughthesamestagesasthecurrentREDD+processinIndonesia:
a. Preparation, by identifying and overcoming barriers, engaging stakeholders,
identifyingthemissingcapabilitiesinordertoprovideandbuildit,aswellasaction
planning.
b. Transition,byconductingpilotstudiesandearlyactivitiesthroughtakingaposition
as pilot country for sustainable development and thus gain support from global
communities, performing situational fitting on a countrycountry or regionregion
basis within country based on their unique contextual situation, and programme
integrationwithinthenationalagenda.
c. Implementation, through monitoring and benefit sharing as well as budget
projecting.

5.Aparadigmshiftineconomicthinkingandtheinvolvementofallstakeholdersiscrucial.

21

Session 6: Strategy for Indonesias Engagement on SDGs

RearAdmiralWillemRampangilei,Deputy1,CoordinatingMinistryofPeoplesWelfare:
1. A common theme of this workshop was the importance of going beyond sectoral thinking and
conductingdevelopmentplanningusingaholisticapproach.Buttakingonaholisticapproachisalso
achallenge.
2. From the perspective of the Coordinating Ministry of Peoples Welfare (Kemenko Kesra), it is
evidentthatenvironmentalissueslikebiodiversitylossorextremeweathereventsimpactpeopleon
alllevelsandacrosssectors,butnegativeeffectsarefeltespeciallybythepoor.
3.However,severalinstitutionalandgovernancechallengesexistifenvironmentalproblemsareto
be addressed in a crosssectoral way and involving different levels of government the national,
regionalandlocal.Notonlydoeseachministryhaveitsownbudgetingandsystems,overlaybetween
centralandlocalgovernmentcompetencesexistandnoteverybodysharethesameunderstandingof
whatagreen(orblue)economyis.
4.Asaconclusion,threestepsareneeded:
1. MasterPlangranddesign(eventhoughitisquestionableifhavingyetanothermasterplanin
place will have a tangible impact as Master Plans are already abundant and there is no
guaranteeforsuccess)
2. Indonesianeedssynchronizationbetweenministries
3. Aparadigmshiftineconomicdevelopmenthastotakeplace

Mr.TazwinHanif,firstSerectaryatDepartmentofForeignAffairs:
1.AfterhavingdiscussedthefleshofthefutureSDGsduringtheprevioussessions,theremainingpart
oftheworkshopshouldfocusondiscussingthebones:theprocessthroughwhichSDGswouldneed
tobedesignedandimplemented.
2.ItisvitaltolinktheSDGstotheMDGsandfocusonwhatstillneedstobeachieved.Therewasa
worry last year when the concept of SDGs was first put upon the agends, that MDGs might be
forgotten altogether. African countries were particularly worried that new SDGs might dilute from
the still ongoing MDG process. The Secretary General has reacted by emphasizing: Lets pick up
wheretheMDGsleftof!
3.BeyondthenotionthattheMDGsshouldbethebasisforfutureSDGsandthatespeciallyMDG1
shouldstillbekey,therearealsootherconcerns:
1.
2.
3.
4.

HowcantheSDGsandMDGsbelinkedinpractice?
Whatshouldwe(realistically)aimforinRio?
Whataretheessentialsforapost2015agenda?
WhatisthescopeforapplicationoftheSDGs?
22

4.LookingattheconceptnoteforSDGsbroughtforwardbyColombiaandGuatemala,itappearsthat
thefocusonenvironmentisstilltooheavy.
5.Severaloptionsexistregardingtotheprocess:a)intergovernmentalprocess,supportedbyadhoc
expert group on regional representation, b) on the advisory panel (HLP established by the UNSG)
andtheintergovernmental(processwhichispossibletohappeninthelongprocess);andc)regional
processtointergovernmentalprocess
6.AMinistryofForeignAffairsworkshopinYogyakartahadsomeinterestingoutcomesrelevantto
theSDGdiscussion:
1. Thereseemstobeachoicebetweenasectoralapproachversuskeyissueapproachversus
policyapproach>orcouldamixbeapplied
2. Attentionneedstobegiventoindigenouspoverty
3. Attentionalsoneedstobeshiftedtoremoteareas>whatarethespecificchallengesto
Indonesia?

Dr.WilliamSabandar,SatgasREDD+:
1. The main fronts for Indonesian leadership at the international level are REDD+ and the Coral
TriangleInitiativebothwithaviewtowardspovertyeradication.
2. Several steps need to be taken towards national sustainable development: greening the MP3EI,
ccontinuousworkonnationaldevelopmentproblemswithviewtosustainabledevelopmentforthe
budget2013andchoosingshorttermgoalsonwhichallpartners(includinginternationalpartners)
havetowork:asanexample,landreform.
3. Withaviewtowardsaglobalagendaandactionplan,Indonesianeedstobearinmindtosetthe
toneinRio+20correctly,creatingmomentumandrigidfocusonconcreteaction.Atthesametime
IndonesiacanalsoestablishworkinggroupsonSDGframeworksbyinvolvingpeopleandbeinclusive
byengagingfriendsinsideandoutsidethecountryaswellasembracinginternationaldiplomacyby
utilizingallthenetworkswehave(doubletrack;formalandinformal).Intheendweneedtoaffirm
theprovisionofpoliticalleadership.
4.Withregardstomainstreamingsustainabledevelopmentgoalsnationallyandinternationally,the
focusshouldbeonconcreteactions:
1. Institutionalizing sustainable development does not mean creating new institutions but
rathernewlawsandregulations
2. Addresscoherencebetweensectorsandregions
3. GDPisnotenough(maybeBappenasgreenGDPcanserveasnewmeasure)
4. REDD+keydocumenttomakeinternationalcommunityawareofIndonesiasroleandefforts
5. InternationalDiplomacyshouldsupportthisagenda
6. Improvingcoherencebetweenlocalandnationaldevelopment
7. ThinkTankforthePresidenttoworkonapost2015Agendatobeestablished

23

Mr.SatyaTripathi,DirectorofUNOfficeforREDD+CoordinationinIndonesia(UNORCID):
1. We need to highlight the importance of functional integration over structural integration in the
quest for an appropriate institutional framework for sustainable development. Instead of spending
too much time on what structure should be designed, functions should be defined first and form
builttodeliveronthesefunctions.
2. From an outsiders perspective, Indonesia is poised to take a prominent role in designing
sustainabledevelopmentgoalstoserveasapost2015developmentframeworkasIndonesiahasthe
ability:bothtechnical,politicalandintellectual
3. When talking about climate change and the related global and national agendas and discussion
points,onehastodistinguishbetweenscience,policyandpoliticsandrealizethatthelattertrumps
all.
4.Insummary,Indonesiahasthepotential,motivationandcommitmentandtheworldislookingup
toPresidentYudhoyonotoleadthediscussiononthepost2015developmentagendaastheCochair
oftheHighLevelPanelofEminentPersonsonthePost2015DevelopmentAgenda.

24

Closing Remarks

Dr.PavanSukhdev,GISTAdvisory,Synthesis:
1.Adegreeofunlearningisrequiredandweneedtogetawayfromthecertainconceptionswehave
orwebelievetohave.
2.Sustainabledevelopmentisnotaboutpillarsbehindwhichonecouldhidebutaboutdimensions.
Inrealizingthesedimensions,thefocushastobeonfunction,notonform.
3.LookingbackontheMDGs,wecanlearnfromboththepositiveandnegativeaspects
4.Climateseemstohaveturnedintoaproxyforallmattersenvironmental.Whileclimastechange
indeedconstitutesanimportantissue,environmentneedstoberepositioned.Ecologicalscarcities
havetoberecognizedasthesedirectlyaffectlivelihoods.
5.Totackleissues,weneedtolookatsectors,policiesandinstitutionsatthesametimeandaddress
themthroughamixofoptionstheglobalcommunityhastorecognizethis.
6.Islandsoflandbasedpermanenceshouldbeencouragedinorderforthemtoappealtoothersso
thattheymightmoveinthesamedirections.

RearAdmiralWillemRampangilei,Deputy1,CoordinatingMinistryofPeoplesWelfare:
1.ThereareseveralstepsthatshouldideallybetakentoinformIndonesiaspositioninRio+20.These
includebutarenotlimitedto:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Identificationoffewinspirationalgoals
ProposalofnewmatrixinsteadofHDI
Existenceofrobustindicators>youcannotachievewhatyoucannotmeasure
HighlightingCommongoalswithdifferentiatedpathways
Thegovernmentwillcontinuetoengageallstakeholders

Ms. Beate Trankmann, UNDP Country Director: There are three lessons to take away from this
workshop:
1. The recognition that the 21st century is the Asian century, but if Asia adopts an
unsustainablepath,oneplanetwillnotbeenough
2. AnewHDIshouldbeidentified
3. Thereisconsensusamongparticipants:enlightenedleadershipontheisssueseems
tobemissingglobally,sothisprovidesagreatchanceforIndonesiatoleadtheway.

25


Mr.HeruPrasetyo,DeputyHeadofUKP4:
1.TheRioConferenceisimportanttocivilsocietyandpeopleallovertheworldsothattheycanput
pressureontheirgovernmentsandobservewhatreallyhasbeenachieved.
2.Therewereatleasttwosilentvoicesduringthisworkshop,speakingloudlyintheroom
1. Fromcivilsociety,consideringwhatRiomightachieveforthem
2. Fromtheprivatesector,consideringwhattheycancontribute,bothtoRioaswellasfor
sustainabledevelopmentwithinIndonesia
3.Inconclusion,fromthissectoralSilooftheroom,astrongcommitmentforaholisticapproachwas
felt.

26