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PREPOSITIONS
The name preposition ( Pre + Position ) means Place before. Prepositions usually come before
another word, usually a noun or noun phrase:
Definition: A word placed before a noun or a pronoun to show its relation to another word is called
Preposition.
A Preposition is a word or group of words placed before a noun or pronoun to show in what
relation a person or thing stand to something else, is called Preposition.

CLASSIFICATION OF PREPOSITION
PREPOSITION DENOTING PLACE / POSITION ( In Terms of Distance)
ON

Means In touch with surface of any thing

OVER means Not in touch with the surface of any thing.

ABOVE Means A little over the surface of any thing.
IN means Inside of any thing (It Denote Rest)

UNDER
Means on the floor but with in an area covered by any thing.

AGAINST Means Resting against or in touch with
BESIDE Means near but very near to it.
BY Means Near but not just beside.
NEAR Means at short distance
NEARBY
BETWEEN

is used in relation with two persons or things.

AMONG

is use only in relation with more than two persons or things.

BEFORE

Means in front of any thing.

AFTER

Means Behind of any thing / it refers time.

ACROSS

Means Stretching from one place to another

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THROUGH Means Not in specific order but from one side to and other side.

AROUND

Means taking a round in full.

ALONG

Stretching longitudinally.

AHEAD OF

BEHIND ( Refers To Place)

BELOW

BENEATH
OFF
WITHIN

( It is used in sense of before the end of : )

PREPOSITIONS THAT DENOTES DIRECTIONS

INTO

(It Denotes Motions)

OUT OF
FROM / TO
The basic preposition of Direction is To
TO: Signifies Orientation towards a goal
When the goal is physical, such as a destination, TO is implies movement in the direction of goal:
When the Goal is not Physical place, For Example, an action , TO marks a verb; it is attached as an
infinitive and express purpose. The preposition may occur alone or in the phrase in order.

TOWARDS
THROUGH

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BY WAY OF
INSIDE

PREPOSITION THAT DENOTES TIME

1. DEFINITE PREPOSITION
2. IN DEFINITE PREPOSITION
DEFINEITE PREPOSITION DENOTES AND EXACT IDEA OF TIME
IN
ON
FROM
SINCE
ABOUT
TO
AT
FOR

INDEFINITE PREPOSITION
INDEFINITE PREPOSITION DO NOT DENOTE ANY LIMITED TIME
Years ago, Ages ago , Centuries ago
SOME INTERESTING EXTENTIONS OF PREPOSITIONS
1. The battle is on ( ON means in progress)
2. The match is over ( OVER means ha ended )
3. That is above his means ( ABOVE means more than or beyond)
4. Refuse to work under. ( Under means Sub-ordinate)
5. Sell below the price ( BELOW means less than)
6. His remarks were beneath my notice (BENEATH means unworthy)
7. He is after wealth ( AFTER means in Persuit of )
8. What are you about. ( ABOUT means doing)
9. He is down these days. ( DOWN Means Depressed)
10. The ideal is through ( THROUGH Means Over)

SOME IMPORTANT PREPOSITIONS AND THEIR USES

AT
AT WITH PLACES
At the Office, At the station , At the gate.
AT WITH SMALL CITIES & VILLAGES
At Sargodha , At Jacobabad , At village
AT WITH DIRECTIONS
Look at me, Shoot at him, Aim at , Throw at,.
AT WITH DISTANCE
At a short Distance , At arms length.

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AT WITH TIME
At Three in the morning, at 5 o clock
AT WITH AGE
At the age of 40 , at the age of 19
WITH CONDITION/ SITUATION
At war, At Daggers drawn, At rest,
AT WITH AMOUNT, DEGREE OR RATE
At full speed, At 80 kilometer, At High Altitudes.
WITH PRICE
At Rs. 20 kilo, At profit, At loss.
AT WITH RELATIVE QUALITY OR VALUE
At ones best, At cost.
IN
IN WITH PLACE
In the street, in the lawn
IN WITH COUNTRIES / PROVINCES / DISTRICTS
In Pakistan , In sindh, In Hyderabad,
IN WITH DIRECTIONS
In the north, in this direction, in east
IN WITH THE BREAK OF TIME
In 1943 , In winter, in
IN WITH CONDITION / SITUATION
In fever, In tears, In pain, In comfort
IN WITH THE MEANING OF IN
In cold, In dark, in pocket
IN WITH INCLUSION WITHIN SOMETHING ABSTRACT OR IMMORTAL
In politics, In the autumn,
IN WITH OBJECT/ PURPOSE
Speaking in honor of the event,
IN WITH LIMITATION OR QUALIFICATION, AS OF SITUATIONAL, CONDITIONAL,
RELATION, MANNER, ACTION, ETC
To speak in whisper, To be similar in appearance
The other two prepositions of direction are compounds formed by adding TO to the corresponding
preposition of location.
The prepositions of location determines the meaning of the preposition of direction
ONTO ON+ TO = onto: signifies movement toward a surface
IN + TO = into : signifies movement toward the interior of a volume.

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( TO is part of the directional preposition toward, and the two mean about the same thing.)
INTO

IN WITH THE MEANING OF IN BUT WITH MOVING VERB

Go into the room , move into the house , jump into the river.
ON
ON WITH PLACE
On the table, on the roof , on the desk
ON WITH DAY DATE AND TIME
On a hot day, On Saturday, on 10th April
ON IN MEANING OF CONCERNED WITH OR ABOUT
Lecture on History. A book on Islamiat.
ON WITH DIRECTION
On the Northside. On the sea side,
ON IN MEANING OF NEAR
On the main road, on the riverbank
OVER
IN MEANING OF EXACT ON / UPON
The picture is over the clock
ABOVE
WITH THE LEVEL
Above the sea level, above the tree.
IN MEANING OF DOMINANCY
Above meanness,
IN MEANING OF MORE
Above six thousands
ABOVE BUT SEPARATE
Above the book shelf.
UNDER
IN MEANING OF EXACT UNDER OR BELOW
Under the table
IN MEANING OF SUBORDINATE
He is working under me.

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BELOW
IN OPPOSITE MEANING OF ABOVE
Below six thousands
DOWN
IN MEANING OF TO GO FROM UP TO DOWN
Water is flowing down the side of a cliff.
UP
IN MEANING OF UP AND GOING FOREWAD
Go up the stairs, Climb up the tree, Walk up the road.
TO
IN MEANING OF TOWARD DIRECTION
Go to the school, Go to the Sukkur, Go the station
WITH TIME
A quarter to six
FROM THIS TIME TO THAT TIME

From Sunday to Monday

FROM THIS PLACE TO THAT PLACE

From Karachi to Lahore, From First to Last, From Highest to lowest.

AGAINST
WITH SOMETHING
Against the wall
IN MEANING OF OPPOSITION
Swim against the current
ACROSS
FROM INE SIDE TO ANOTHER
Across the river, across the road,
THROUGH,
FROM ONE POINT TO ANOTHER
Pass through the jungle
IN MEANING OF WITH THE HELP OF
I got message through Aslam
WITH THE WAY
Through the Khyber pass
INSIDE
IN MEANING OF IN
Inside the city , inside the house

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OUTSIDE
IN MEANING OF OUT
Outside the house
OFF
NOT GIVEN
Take off ones cap
Off the road
ALONG
WITH SOMETHING
Along the wall , along the road,
IN MEANING OF WITH / TOGETHER

Along with her brother
BEYOND
FAR ACCORDING TO DISTANCE
Beyond Quetta , beyond the River Indus
FAR FROM REACH AND THINKING
Beyond the understanding,
IN MEANING OF HIGH
Beautiful beyond description
UPON
INFRONT OF MOVING THINGS

She sat upon camels back

BETWEEN
FOR TWO PERSONS OR THINGS
The old man divided his property between Ali and Ahemd.
AMONG
FOR TWO OR MORE THAN TWO THINGS
The old man divided his property among his sons.
BESIDE
IN MEANING OF NEAR
Beside the post office , beside me
BESIDES
IN MEANING OF EXCEPT
He gave me a pen besides a pencil, Besides books he has few bats.
BY
IN MEANING OF LIVING THING
Malhaar was killed by a lion. He was helped by me.
IN MEANING OF NON LIVING THINGS
By bus ,By car
WITH
WITH NON LIVING THINGS

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He killed a snake with this stick
She cut apples with this knife.
FOR
TO SHOW TIME

For two years, For Two hours
SINCE
TO SHOW EXACT TIME

Since morning , since last Monday

Prepositions
A preposition is a word that shows the spatial (space), temporal (time), or logical relationship of
its object to the rest of the sentence. The words above, near, at, by, after, with and from are
prepositions.

above

between

around

When something
When something
behind
is between, it is
Above means over
is around
When
you
are
behind
located in a
or higher. The
something, it is
in
position
cloud is above the near or close to something, you are to
The bird is in the
the back of it.
separating two
mountain.
it.
cage.
other items.

in front of
The girl on the
inside
right is in front of The bird is inside
the bricks.
the cage.

on
The vase is on the
table.

with
With means.in the
company of or
over
under
having. The
The cloud is over The cat is under
the mountain.
the table.
children above are
with each other.

out

outside

When you are

He is going out
outside, you are not
the door.
in a building or
other structure.