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Research Scholar, Business Management Department, School of Business; College of Business and Social Sciences,
Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
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ABSTRACT
Effective organizational strategy is important to ensure that the organization chart an effective course towards the
organizational mission, goals and objectives. The relationship between an organization and its environment is a
determinant of type of strategy suitable for its viability. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent to which
Nigerian Association of Small Scale Industrialists (NASSI) employs strategic planning and its impacts on their
organizations. The methods used in this study are both secondary and primary means of data collection. Books, journals
and articles on small scale industries were read. 150 questionnaires were self administered to members of Nassi in their
monthly meeting. The analysis of the results pointed out that every organization that imbibes the culture of strategic
planning becomes more viable. Almost all the scholars stretched the fact that effective strategy in an organization is the
responsibility of the top management. The management of an organization must be creative with their strategies to be able
to cope with the challenges of sustaining and making their organization viable.
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The study aims to find out the extent to which Nassi members employ strategy in their operations.
It is also to establish the relationship between an organisational strategy and the viability of such organization.
Research Questions
LITERATURE REVIEW
Organisation
An organisation is made up of a group of people who come together to accomplish a common goal or a set of
goals. The size of an organisation can vary from two people to thousands of people. Organisations can range from profitdriven companies, such as Unilever/Shoprite, to non-profit organisations, such as, community youth clubs, church groups
or even a book club.
Bedeian and Zamnuto (1991) defined organisation as social entities that are goal directed, deliberately, structured
activities systems with permeable boundary. That mean it is an entity such as association, institution that has the same
goals and is linked with external environment (Daft, 2007). Barnard (1957) stated that it is a consciously coordinated
activity or effect of two or more persons. An organization hence consists of set goals and objectives which the promoters
are set out to achieve using strategy.
Argyris (1960) confirmed that organization is part of human strategies designed to achieve certain goals.
Organization therefore needs strategy to accomplish the tasks of achieving the goals and objectives of promoters.
Irrespective of which structure exist in an organization (Mechanistic or Organic), effective organization strategies will be
the means in which the objectives set by the organization are achieved.
EFFECTIVENESS
This is to be successful or achieving a desired result. Effectiveness in organization means the degree to which
objectives are achieved and the extent to which targeted problems are solved. According to Armstrong (2007),
effectiveness is a complicated concept that is defined in different ways and could be measured and evaluated in proportion
to each definition. Effectiveness is the level of results from the actions of employees and managers. Employees and
managers who demonstrate effectiveness in the workplace help produce high-quality results. Take, for instance, an
employee who works the sales floor. If hes effective, hell make sales consistently. If hes ineffective, hell struggle to
persuade customers to make a purchase. Companies measure effectiveness often by conducting performance reviews. The
effectiveness of a workforce has an enormous impact on the quality of a companys product or service, which often
dictates a companys reputation and customer satisfaction (Miksen 2015).
STRATEGY
The word strategy entered the literature and practice of management in recent years. At first the word was used in
military sense to mean- that which a manager does to offset the actual and potential actions of competitors. The word is
still used in this sense by fewer people.
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Rose et al (2000) posited that, without a strategy an organization is like a ship without a rudder. It goes round in
circles and like a train, has no specific place to go. Supporting this thought Toffer (2003) narrated that an organization
without a strategy is like an airplane weaving through the skies, hurled up and down, slammed by the winds and lost in the
thunder heads. If lightning or crushing winds do not destroy it, it will simply run out of gas.
Strategy is a means of operationalising a policy for achieving some predetermined objectives. Abdul (2013)
quoting the work of Anao (1979), enumerated that strategies are schemes, methodologies, maneuvers which management
hopes to deploy to arrive at its target goal by the end of a specific period, recognizing that during the intervening period,
a host of changes are going to take place in the environment. Glueck (1984) defined strategy as a unified, comprehensive
and integrated plan relating the strategic advantages of the firm to the challenges of the environment.
Strategy is the nature, domain and scope of an organizations activities. This explains the likeness, value,
coverage area and the direction the organisation is going. A good strategy will be able to measure the success of the
organization and be able to chart the way for corrective measures and improve on the existing success achieved. Akinyele
& Fasogbon (2010) stated that strategy consists of a set of underlying processes that are intended to create or manipulate a
structure to create a more favorable outcome for an organisation.
Effective organizational strategy is important to ensure that the organization chart an effective course towards the
organizational mission, goals and objective. The organization is in constant evolution and the increase in change caused by
globalization is accelerating the challenges faced by different organization in all regions of the world. Cole (1994)
emphasized that world strategic dimensions of business have grown in importance because of increasing complexity of
modern business organizations.
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The inability of the top management of an organization to understand and study properly the environment in
which it operate is simply and indirect planning of the organization to derail in achieving its goals and objectives which is
invariably lack of effective strategy to pilot the affairs of the organization. For growth and development to take place in
any organization the top management of such organization must be ready to take a proactive decision to form an effective
strategy either in marketing, production, sales and human resources. In their study (Akinyele and Fasogbon 2007) revealed
that the intensity depend on the managerial, environmental and organizational factors. The readiness of the top
management to study the presence and predict the future taking into consideration the environment which the organization
finds itself will determine greatly the survival and sustainability of such organization.
NASSI (Nigerian Association of Small Scale Industrialists)
The Nigerian Association of Small Scale Industrialists (NASSI) was founded in 1978 and was registered under
the Land Perpetual Succession Act as a non-profit making and non-governmental organization. It has a national secretariat,
four zonal offices and branches in all the states of the federation and Abuja.
MOTTO: Industrial Self- Reliance
To establish and maintain an association for the exchange of ideas and techniques on issues relevant to the
development of small scale Industries
To establish contact with government, its institutions and other non-governmental organizations for the
advancement and promotion of the small industries.
To contact, consult, confer and cooperate with foreign agencies, institutions and organizations within and outside
Nigeria for the purpose of enhancing the growth and development of small scale industries in Nigeria.
To develop a computer based information and documentation center for accessing reliable economic data for
overall development of the small scale industries.
To source, provide and facilitate delivery to small scale industries as well as offer library services for SMEs.
There are two broad industrial groups in the association namelyThose in manufacturing / mining processing, and those in the service industry.
2.
B) SERVICE GROUP
3.
1) Hotel\ catering
4.
5.
Cosmetics/Chemicals
3) Photography\photo processing
6.
Rubber& Plastics
4) Gold/Blacksmithing
7.
8.
Animal Feeds/Fertilizers
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9.
Wood/Furniture
7) Motor/Transport services
10. Bakery/Confectioneries
8) Retail/General Merchandise
9)Consultancy/Training Services
17. Others
ACTIVITIES
The main activities of the association towards the achievement of set goals and objectives are:
Dissemination of information on raw materials, plants and equipment, manufacturing standards local and export
markets to enhance and improve performance of its members.
Engaging in capacity building facilities such as seminars, workshops, study tours, dialogues, symposia, trade fair
for its members.
Provision for in-house credit for financing working capital needs of its members through Cooperative schemes.
Undertaking of any other activity that may be expedient in the overall interest of members.
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RESEARCH METHOD
For this research, the methods employed were by survey and secondary data collection approach. The instrument
used in the survey was a questionnaire. Textbooks, journal, articles were used in the secondary data collection approach.
The respondents for the questionnaires were members of Nigerian Association of Small Scale Industrialists (NASSI) Lagos
state chapter. The questionnaires were administered to them at their monthly meeting. Out of 109 members who attended
the meetings and were sampled, 105 questionnaires were retrieved. 3 of the returned questionnaires were not properly
completed and 102 copies that are 93.6% were considered usable.
Validity and Reliability of the Instrument
To ensure the validity of the instrument, the questionnaires were pre-tested on a small sample of 9 members of
NASSI, correction were made based on their responses. The second pre-test was made using 11 executive members of
NASSI in their meeting a week before the general assembly. Improvements were done to the questionnaires based on the
comments and responses received.
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