Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Fa
S
P = Q + Ia + Fa
Q
P Ia
(P - I a ) 2
P Ia S
Which is the basic equation for computing direct runoff from a storm by
the SCS method.
From the study of many small experimental watersheds, an empirical
relation was developed for Ia = 0.2 S, then the above equation becomes
P 0.2 S2
P 0.8 S
Example 3
The following rainstorm (Columns 1 and 2) falls on a watershed that is 35 %
bare soil in hydrologic soil group D and has 30% of its soils in hydrologic soil
group B under grass and 35 % in hydrologic soil group C under forest.
Determine the effective rainfall (runoff) pattern.
Solution
The appropriate CN can be calculated by referring to SCS Table and noting
that the bare soil area has a CN of 91, the B soil has a CN of 58, and the C
soil has a CN of 77. Thus, the weighted CN is
CN = 0.35(91) + 0.35(77) + 0.30(58) = 77
It is assumed that an unknown antecedent moisture condition exists. The total
runoff from the 4.04 in of rain is computed as:
S = 1000/CN - 10 = 1000/77 - 10 = 2.99 in
Q = (P - 0.2S)2 / (P + 0.8S)
= (4.04 - 0.2 x 2.99)2 / (4.04 + 0.8 x 2.99) = 1.84 in
Table 1 shows the calculations required to arrive at the effective rainfall
2
pattern.
Time
10.50
10.75
11.00
11.25
11.50
11.75
12.00
12.25
12.50
12.75
13.00
13.25
13.50
Total
Column 1 & 2
Column 3
Column 4
Column 5
(in)
0.00
0.10
0.21
0.36
0.53
1.24
3.12
3.45
3.61
3.76
3.86
3.96
4.04
(in)
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.11
1.15
1.39
1.51
1.63
1.70
1.78
1.84
(in)
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.11
1.04
0.24
0.12
0.11
0.08
0.08
0.06
4.04
4.04
1.84
1.84
Given data
Summing Col 2
Based on SCS method and P of Col 3
Differencing Col 4
Example 4
Determine the runoff from a watershed of 60 ha. The following data are
available:
Depth of rainfall, 100 mm
Antecedent rainfall condition, AMC I
Row crop, good condition in 40 ha (Soil group C)
Woodland, good condition in 20 ha (Soil group B)
The day after the rainfall of 100 mm, another rainfall of 50 mm occurred.
Estimate the surface runoff from the watershed.
Solution
The curve number data reported by USSCS are available for AMC II. Since
the present condition is AMC I, therefore, the curve numbers need to be
appropriately converted to this condition from AMC II,
Type of crop
CN(I)
4.2 CN(II)
10 0.058 CN(II)
Curve Number at
AMC II
AMC I
82
65.6
55
33.9
4
CN(III)
23 CN(II)
10 0.13 CN(II)
Curve Number at
AMC II
AMC III
82
91.3
55
73.8
5