April2010 thedeathofBritish

Standards
DrAndrewBond(Geocentrix)

Outlineoftalk

WhathappensinApril2010?
Whatwelose
Whatwegain
Technicaldifferences(structural)
Technicaldifferences(geotechnical)
Whathelpisthere?
Conclusion

Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

WhathappensinApril2010?
April2010 thedeathofBritish
St d d
Standards

Eurocodes arecoming.Areyouready?
TheEurocodes andtheirNationalAnnexeswillreplace
existingBritishStandardsinMarch2010.Theirusewill
bemandatoryforallpublicbuildingsand
recommendedforprivatebuildingsfromthisdate
IntroductiontoBSIsconferenceon
PreparingforEurocodes managingthechange
October2009
AccordingtoaBSIsurveyinJune2009:over30%ofthe
constructionsectorarealreadyusingEurocodes
Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

HighwaysAgencyEurocodes strategy
TheuseofcurrentNationalStandardswill
continuetobepermitteduntilBSIwithdraws
ti
t b
itt d til BSI ithd
them.OncewithdrawntheAgencywill
specifythathighwaystructuresshallonlybe
designedinaccordancewithEurocodes
www.highways.gov.uk/business/1198.aspx

Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

Whatwelose
April2010 thedeathofBritish
St d d
Standards

ListofBritishStandardsthataretobe
withdrawnon31st March2010
Loads
BS6399Loadingforbuildings(parts13)

Concrete
BS8110Structuraluseofconcrete(parts13)
BS8007(CP)Designofconcretestructuresforretaining
aqueousliquids

Steel
BS5950Structuraluseofsteelworkinbuilding(parts19)
BS449
BS 4492
2Specificationfortheuseofstructuralsteelinbuilding
Specification for the use of structural steel in building
BS4604Specificationfortheuseofhighstrengthgripboltsin
structuralsteelwork(parts12)
BS7608(CP)Fatiguedesignandassessmentofsteelstructure

Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

ListofBritishStandardsthataretobe
withdrawnon31st March2010
Timber
BS5268Structuraluseoftimber(parts27)

Masonry
BS5628(CP)Useofmasonry(parts13)
BS80003Workmanshiponbuildingsites.(CP)Masonry

Aluminium
BS8118Structuraluseofaluminium(parts12)

Bridges
BS5400Steel,compositeandconcretebridges(parts110)
BS 5400 Steel composite and concrete bridges (parts 1 10)

Towers,mastsandchimneys
BS8100Lattice,towersandmasts(parts14)
BS4076Specificationforsteelchimneys
Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

ListofBritishStandardsthataretobe
withdrawnon31st March2010
Geotechnics
BS8002(CP)Earthretainingstructures
( )
g
BS8004(CP)Foundations
BS8081(CP)Groundanchorages

Butmanymorearebeingrevised...

Nov-09

BS5930(CP)Siteinvestigations
BS6031(CP)Earthworks
BS6349(CP)Marinestructures
BS8006(CP)Strengthened/reinforcedsoilsandotherfills
BS8102(CP)Protectionofstructuresagainstwaterfrom
theground
(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

Whatwegain
April2010 thedeathofBritish
St d d
Standards

TheEurocodeprogramme

Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

11

Eurocode7sconnectingstandards
3
IS

14

EN

36
15

8
68

al
ic
hn on
ec gat i g
t
o ti
Ge ves sti n s
in d te ar d
an and
st

EN

EN

IS

68
14

38

37

EN

12

3
06

n
io
ut s
ec dard
x
E an
st

IS

12

15

15

17

2
89

EN
EN

71
12
7
12

16

EN

6
O
IS

22

28

2
IS

12

47
22

EN

c
ro
Eu

1
EN

19

90

Nov-09

EN

1
99

6 2

es
od
EN

EN

93
19

EN

19

94

19

EN

6
47

EN

6
14

19

79
EN

99

9
19

3
19

EN 1997

96

2
99

22

13

95

EN

O
IS
EN

9
69
12
9
19
14
EN
5
47
4
1
EN

EN
EN

31
47

15

13

O
IS

22

7
47

7
23

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

12

Geotechnicalinvestigationandtesting

Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

13

Executionofspecialgeotechnical
works

Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

14

Technicaldifferences(structural)
April2010 thedeathofBritish
St d d
Standards

Contentsoftheresistancestandards

Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

16

KeydifferencesfromBritishStandards
Eurocodes dealwithphenomena,notelementtypes
ULS:bending,shear,torsion,punching,fatigue
SLS:stresslimitation,crackcontrol,minimumreinforcement,
deflectioncontrol

Secondorderanalysisisdefault(butfirstorderwillusually
suffice)
Extensiveuseofsubscripts,somehelpful,sometedious
NEd =axialforceinamember
NRd =resistancetoaxialforce
Ac,eff,loc =effectivecompressionareaduetoplatesubpanellocal
buckling

MPapreferredtoN/mm2forunitsofstress

Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

17

Membersignconventionisnow
compatiblewithsoftware,i.e.xx
alongmember
z

v
z
y
y

y
u

Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

18

KeyfeaturesofEurocode2
Designbasedoncylinderstrength(0.8 cubestrength)
e.g.C40/50=40MPa cylinder(fck),50MPa cubestrength

Highstrengthgradescovered
uptoC90/105forbuildings,C70/85forbridges

Stressblocksgiven,designformulaebasedonthemarenot
Steelreinforcement
Partialmaterialfactors =1.15
YoungsmodulusE=200GPa
Coefficientofthermalexpansion=10106K1

Uncrackedlinearelasticanalysispermittedforalllimitstates
U
k d li
l ti
l i
itt d f
ll li it t t
Plasticanalysis
allowedforbuildingsifsufficientrotationcapacity
notallowedforbridges(exceptforaccidentalsituations)

Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

19

Similartocurrentpractice
ThosefamiliarwiththemethodsinBS8110will
find the Eurocode procedures not too
findtheEurocodeproceduresnottoo
dissimilartocurrentpracticebutinevitably
theywillneedtogothroughalearningcurve.
Onthewholethedesignsresultingfromthe
twocodesarelikelytobereasonably
comparable
comparable.
NaryNarayanan
Proc.ICE,CivilEngineeringSpecialIssue(2001)

Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

20

10

KeyfeaturesofEurocode3
Yieldstrengthvarieswiththickness(asinBSs5400and5950)
Steelproperties
YoungsmodulusE=210GPa forstructuralsteel
c.f.200GPa forrebarinEN1992

Poissonsration=0.3
Unitmass(massdensity)=7850kg/m3
Coefficientofthermalexpansion=12106K1

Partialmaterialfactors
yield,M0 =1.0
shearbuckling,
shear buckling M1 =1.0(buildings),1.1(bridges)
= 1 0 (buildings) 1 1 (bridges)
fractureintension,M2 =1.25

Sectionclassification
forClass1or2crosssections,basedonplasticstressblock
forClass3or4crosssections,basedonelasticstressblock
Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

21

Classificationofsteelcrosssections

Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

22

11

Eurocode3offersgreaterversatility
ThescopeofEurocode3isverywideintermsoftypesof
structures,formsofconstructionandmethodsofdesign
andmaterials.
d
i l
Inrelationtocommontypesofbuildingusinghotrolled
sections,thedifferencesinresultsareonlyminor,though
thedesignproceduresaresometimesmoretedious.
Bypresentingalltherulesforaswideavarietyofsteeldesign
aspossibleinaconsistentformat,thespecialiststeel
designerwillbegivenagreatversatilitythaneverbefore.
ColinTaylor

Proc.ICE,CivilEngineeringSpecialIssue(2001)

Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

23

Impactofresistancestandards
Initialshockduetonumberofdocumentsand
scatter
scatter ofrules
of rules
Somestateoftheartdesignmethodsdiffer,
butmanymethodsaspreviousUKpractice
MostdaytodayrulesaresimilartoBritish
Standardequivalents
Different(touse),notmoredifficult
ChrisHendy
NCEConf.onBuildingBetterBridges,London(2005)
Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

24

12

Technicaldifferences
(geotechnical)
April2010 thedeathofBritish
St d d
Standards

LimitstatePrinciples
Structuraldesignisbasedonlimitstateprinciples:
A
Adistinctionshallbemadebetweenultimateand
distinction shall be made between ultimate and
serviceabilitylimitstates
EN19903.1(1)P

Geotechnicaldesignisnowbasedonlimitstate
principles:
F
Foreachgeotechnicaldesignsituationitshallbe
h
t h i ld i
it ti it h ll b
verifiedthatnorelevantlimitstate,asdefinedin
EN1990isexceeded
EN199712.1(1)P
Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

26

13

Verificationofgeotechnicalstrength

Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

27

DesignApproachesforSTR/GEO
Design Approach
1

Combination
1

Combination
2

Actions

Material
properties

Actions (or
effects)
& resistances

Structural actions
(or effects)
& material
properties

A1 + M1 + R1

A2 + M2 + R1

A1 + M1 + R2

A1/A2 + M2 + R3

Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

28

14

NationalchoiceofDesignApproach

Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights

reserved

29

NotablechangetotheDesignManual
forRoadsandBridges(DMRB)
DMRBcannolongerreproduceandmodify
sections of Standards
sectionsofStandards
Itcanonlycontaininformationthatis
complementarytotheEurocodes
alongwithnoncontradictoryrequirements
Forsafetyreasons,designtoamixtureofNational
F
f t
d i t
i t
f N ti
l
StandardsandEurocodes willnotbepermitted
www.highways.gov.uk/business/1198.aspx
Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

30

15

Whathelpisthere?
April2010 thedeathofBritish
St d d
Standards

ContentsofaEurocode
CENpublishestextof
Eurocode(EN)
NationalStandardsBodies
(NSBs)mayadd
NationalTitlePage
NationalForeword
NationalAnnex

EurocodepublishedbyCEN
EN1990

Nationalcodepublished
i
l d
bli h d
byNSB
BSEN1990(inUK)
DINEN1990(inGermany)
NFEN1990(inFrance)
Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights

reserved

32

16

NationalAnnexcompletesthe
Eurocodejigsaw

Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

33

StatusofUKNationalAnnexes
(September2009)

Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

34

17

PublishedDocuments
Supportingdocumentproducedbycommitteefor
informationonlyincludesguidance,reportsand
recommendations
d i
BSIguidetostandardization(2005)

AdoptionsofCEN,CENELEC,ISOorIECpublicationsthatarethemselvesnotstandards
(e.g.TechnicalReports)
DerivedfromBritishStandardsthatconflictwithENsbutarestillneededbyindustry
Developedbynationalcommitteesbutdonotgothroughthewholedevelopment
processinstrictconformitywithBS

Thisisacatchallcategoryforstandardstype
documentsthatdonothavethesamestatusasa
BS
BSIWebsite

Nov-09

PD
6687
6687-2
6688-1-2
6688
12
6688-1-7
6694-1

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

35

UKPublishedDocumentsfor
Eurocodes

Year
2006
2007
2007
00
2009
DPC

BP
R
BP
R
R

For BS EN
1992-1
1992-2
1991-1-2
1991
12
1991-1-7
1997-1

Subject
Concrete

Design of concrete structures (general)

Concrete bridges
Actions
Actions on structures exposed to fire
Accidental actions
Geotech.
Geotechnical design (subject to traffic
loading)
6695-1-9
2008 R 1993-1-9
Steel
Design of steel structures for fatigue
6695-1-10 2009 R 1993-1-10
Material toughness and throughthickness properties
6695-2
2008 R 1993-2
Steel bridges
6696-2
2007 R 1994-2
Composite Composite steel and concrete bridges
6698
2009 R 1998-2
Earthquake
q
Design
g of structures for earthquake
q
resistance
BP = Background paper to the UK National Annex(es)
R = Recommendations for the design of structures

Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights

reserved

36

18

FuturePublishedDocuments
PD
6687-1
6688-1-1

Year
11/09
?

For BS EN
BP 1992-1 & -3
BP 1991-1-1

Subject
Concrete
Actions

Design of concrete structures (general)

Densities, self-weight, imposed loads
for buildings
6688-1-4
9/09 BP 1991-1-4
Wind actions
6688-1-5 12/09 BP 1991-1-5
Thermal actions
6688-2
12/09 R 1992-2 ?
?
6693-1
12/09 ?
Timber
?
6693-2
12/09 ?
?
6702-1
09/09 ?
Aluminium ?
6705-3
09/09 ?
?
BP = Background paper to the UK National Annex(es)
R = Recommendations for the design
g of structures

Nov-09

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights

reserved

37

PD66941Recommendationsforthe
designofstructuressubjecttotraffic
loadingtoBSEN19971
General
Basisofdesign
g
Spreadfoundations
Piledfoundations
Gravityretainingstructuresandbridgeabutments
Embeddedwalls
Integralbridges
Buriedconcretestructures
Bibliography

A. Diagramsshowingloadcasestobeconsideredforburiedconcrete
structures
Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

38

19

HighwaysAgencysDesignManualfor
RoadsandBridges
DMRBcannolongerreproduceandmodifysectionsof
Standards
OnlycontaininformationcomplementarytotheEurocodes
Alongwithadditional(noncontradictory)requirements
50existingBDsandBAssomeinformationwillbe
superseded
retainedinaformcomplementarytotheEurocodes
withdrawn(asoutofdate)
ithd
(
t fd t )

Thiswillresultintherebeingfewer,morefocusedDMRB
partsforthedesignofhighwaystructures
Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

39

BSIStructuralEurocodes Companion
64pagecompanion
guidetotheStructural
Eurocodes
Guidewrittenbyleading
industryexperts
Deliverspracticaland
timelyadviceonhowthe
newcodeswillworkand
how they might benefit
howtheymightbenefit
construction
professionals
Availablefreeofcharge
fromtheBSIwebsite
Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights

reserved

40

20

DecodingEurocode7book
www.decodingeurocode7.com
BookpublishedAugust2008
Keyfeatures
C
CoversENs19971and2,plus
EN 1997 1 d 2 l
relevantpartsofotherEurocodes
Alsocoversassociatedexecution
andtestingstandards
Explainskeyprinciples
Illustratesapplicationruleswith
reallifecasestudies
Materialextensivelytestedon
trainingcoursesover5years

AuthorsAndrewBond
(Geocentrix)andAndyHarris
(Geomantix)
PublishedbyTaylorandFrancisin
hardback,withcoloursection
ISBN:9780415409483
Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights

reserved

41

DecodingtheEurocodesblog
www.eurocode7.com
WeblogstartedMay2006
Aimtopostarticlesatleast
onceamonth,onfollowing
h
f ll i
subjects:

Nov-09

BGA
Books
BSI
Eurocode3
Eurocode7
ICE
IStructE
Seminars
Singapore
StructuralEurocodes
Trainingcourses

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights

reserved

42

21

ETC10Designexample2
www.eurocode7.com/etc10

Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

43

Conclusion
April2010 thedeathofBritish
St d d
Standards

22

Ofvitalimportance
TheEurocodes willbecometheEuropewide
means of designing Civil and Structural
meansofdesigningCivilandStructural
engineeringworksandsotheyareofvital
importancetoboththedesignand
constructionsectorsoftheCivilandBuilding
industries
IntroductiontoEurocodes

EuropeanCommissionwebsite
(http://ec.europa.eu)
Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

45

TheEurocodeScreambyJackOfford
(withapologiestoMunch)

Nov-09

(c)2009 Geocentrix Ltd. All rights reserved

46

23