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Worksheet A
DIFFERENTIATION
a y = x2 + 6x
dy
= 0.
dx
b y = 4x2 + 2x + 1
c y = x3 12x
e y = x3 5x2 + 3x
f y=x+
9
x
d y = 4 + 9x2 x3
g y = (x2 + 3)(x 3)
h y = x 2 2x
c f(x) 3x3 x 7
f f(x) 2x +
8
x
b f(x) 5 + 27x x3
f(x) x3 + kx2 + 3.
b y = 5x2 4x + 1
d y = 4x3 + 3x2 + 2
e y = 2x + 3 +
g y=
6
1
x
8
x
4x2
h y = 2x 2 6x
c y = x3 3x + 4
f y = x3 9x2 21x + 11
i
y = 9x 3 2x + 5
d2 y
at each
dx 2
b y = x3 3x
c y = x3 + 9x2 8
d y = x3 6x2 36x + 15
e y = x4 8x2 2
f y = 9x +
h y = 3 8x + 7x2 2x3
g y = x 6x 2
7
y=
4
x
x 4 + 16
2x2
Find the coordinates of any stationary points on each curve and determine whether each
stationary point is a maximum, minimum or point of inflexion.
a y = x2 x3
b y = x3 + 3x2 + 3x
d y = 4 12x + 6x2 x3
e y = x2 +
16
x
c y = x4 2
f y = x4 + 4x3 1
Sketch each of the following curves showing the coordinates of any turning points.
a y = x3 + 3x2
b y=x+
1
d y = 3x 4x 2
1
x
e y = x3 + 4x2 3x 5
Solomon Press
c y = x3 3x2 + 3x 1
f y = (x2 2)(x2 6)
C2
Worksheet B
DIFFERENTIATION
h
2x
x
The diagram shows a baking tin in the shape of an open-topped cuboid made from thin metal
sheet. The base of the tin measures x cm by 2x cm, the height of the tin is h cm and the volume of
the tin is 4000 cm3.
a Find an expression for h in terms of x.
b Show that the area of metal sheet used to make the tin, A cm2, is given by
A = 2x2 +
12000
x
r
The diagram shows a closed plastic cylinder used for making compost. The radius of the base
and the height of the cylinder are r cm and h cm respectively and the surface area of the cylinder
is 30 000 cm2.
a Show that the volume of the cylinder, V cm3, is given by
V = 15 000r r3.
b Find the maximum volume of the cylinder and show that your value is a maximum.
3
x
l
x
The diagram shows a square prism of length l cm and cross-section x cm by x cm.
Given that the surface area of the prism is k cm2, where k is a constant,
a show that l =
k 2 x2
4x
b use calculus to prove that the maximum volume of the prism occurs when it is a cube.
Solomon Press
C2
Worksheet C
DIFFERENTIATION
f(x) 2x3 + 5x2 1.
1
a Find f (x).
x +
4
x
d2 y
dy
and
.
dx
dx 2
b Find the coordinates of the stationary point of the curve and determine its nature.
a Find
a Find the coordinates of the points where the curve y = f(x) meets the x-axis.
b Find the set of values of x for which f(x) is decreasing.
c Sketch the curve y = f(x), showing the coordinates of any stationary points.
5
The graph shows the height, h cm, of the letters on a website advert t seconds after the advert
appears on the screen.
For t in the interval 0 t 2, h is given by the equation
h = 2t 4 8t 3 + 8t 2 + 1.
For larger values of t, the variation of h over this interval is repeated every 2 seconds.
dh
a Find
for t in the interval 0 t 2.
dt
b Find the rate at which the height of the letters is increasing when t = 0.25
c Find the maximum height of the letters.
6
The curve C has the equation y = x3 + 3kx2 9k2x, where k is a non-zero constant.
a Show that C is stationary when
x2 + 2kx 3k2 = 0.
b Hence, show that C is stationary at the point with coordinates (k, 5k3).
c Find, in terms of k, the coordinates of the other stationary point on C.
Solomon Press
C2
DIFFERENTIATION
Worksheet C continued
l
x
The diagram shows a solid triangular prism. The cross-section of the prism is an equilateral
triangle of side x cm and the length of the prism is l cm.
Given that the volume of the prism is 250 cm3,
a find an expression for l in terms of x,
b show that the surface area of the prism, A cm2, is given by
A=
3
2
(x2 +
2000
).
x
a Find the set of values of the constant k for which the curve y = f(x) has two stationary points.
Given that k = 3,
b find the coordinates of the stationary points of the curve y = f(x).
9
y
1
y = x 2 4 + 3x
12
O A
C
1
The diagram shows the curve with equation y = x 2 4 + 3x 2 . The curve crosses the x-axis at
the points A and B and has a minimum point at C.
a Find the coordinates of A and B.
b Find the coordinates of C, giving its y-coordinate in the form a 3 + b, where a and b are
integers.
10
f(x) = x3 3x2 + 4.
a Show that (x + 1) is a factor of f(x).
b Fully factorise f(x).
c Hence state, with a reason, the coordinates of one of the turning points of the curve y = f(x).
d Using differentiation, find the coordinates of the other turning point of the curve y = f(x).
Solomon Press
C2
1
dy
dx
= 2x + 6
2x + 6 = 0
x = 3
Answers - Worksheet A
DIFFERENTIATION
dy
dx
dy
dx
= 8x + 2
8x + 2 = 0
x = 14
= 3x2 10x + 3 f
dy
dx
= 1 9x2
dy
dx
= 3x2 12
= 18x 3x2
18x 3x2 = 0
3x(6 x) = 0
x=2
x = 0, 6
g y = x3 3x2 + 3x 9 h
1 9x2 = 0
dy
dx
(3x 1)(x 3) = 0
x = 13 , 3
x2 = 9
x=3
3x2 6x + 3 = 0
3(x 1)2 = 0
x=1
= 3x2 6x + 3
b f (x) = 6x 6x2
6x 6x2 0
6x(1 x) 0
0x1
dy
dx
3x2 12 = 0
x2 = 4
3x2 10x + 3 = 0
a f (x) = 4x + 2
4x + 2 0
x 12
dy
dx
1
2
=
12
1
2
12
2=0
x 2 =4
x = 161
c f (x) = 9x2 1
9x2 1 0
x2 19
x 13 and x
1
3
f f (x) = 2 8x2
2 8x2 0
x2 4
x 2 and x 2
a f (x) = 3x2 + 4x
3x2 + 4x 0
x(3x + 4) 0
43 x 0
b f (x) = 27 3x2
27 3x2 0
x2 9
x 3 and x 3
c f(x) = 2x3 x2 4x + 2
f (x) = 6x2 2x 4
6x2 2x 4 0
2(3x + 2)(x 1) 0
23 x 1
a (x + 1) factor f(1) = 0
1 + k + 3 = 0
k = 2
b f (x) = 3x2 4x
3x2 4x 0
x(3x 4) 0
x 0 and x
4
3
Solomon Press
C2
5
DIFFERENTIATION
a
dy
dx
= 2x + 2
Answers - Worksheet A
b
dy
dx
SP: 10x 4 = 0
x = 25
dy
dx
(1, 1)
= 12x2 + 6x
dy
dx
1
5
= 3x2 3
SP: 3x2 3 = 0
x2 = 1
x=1
= 2 8x2
dy
dx
= 3x2 18x 21
SP: 2 8x2 = 0
x2 = 4
x=2
dy
dx
( 12 ,
9
4
), (0, 2)
= x2 8x
x =
dy
dx
dy
dx
( 12 , 3)
= 4 2x
d2 y
dx 2
(6, 201):
SP: 6x
d2 y
dx 2
2=0
=3
1
27
25
)
( 271 , 5 27
dy
dx
= 3x2 + 18x
SP: 3x2 3 = 0
x2 = 1
x=1
x = 6, 0
d2 y
dx 2
= 6x
= 6x + 18
(1, 2):
d2 y
dx 2
= 6, max
(6, 100):
(1, 2):
d2 y
dx 2
= 6, min
(0, 8):
dy
dx
= 4x3 16x
= 24, min
dy
dx
(2, 18):
(0, 2):
d2 y
dx 2
d2 y
dx 2
(2, 18):
= 32, min
= 16, max
d2 y
dx 2
d2 y
dx 2
= 32, min
Solomon Press
= 18, max
= 18, min
= 9 4x2
x=
= 12x2 16
d2 y
dx 2
SP: 9 4x2 = 0
x2 = 94
x = 0, 2
= 24, max
13
x=
= 3x2 3
13
13
x=4
dy
dx
x = 2, 6
= 6x 12
= 6x
(4, 8)
d2 y
dx 2
= 3x2 12x 36
(2, 55):
dy
dx
x =2
= 2
1
2
18
dy
dx
= 3x 2 6
1
SP: 4 2x = 0
x=2
d2 y
dx 2
SP: 3x 2 6 = 0
x = 12
( 25 ,
dy
dx
SP: 12x2 + 6x = 0
6x(2x + 1) = 0
x = 12 , 0
SP: 2x + 2 = 0
x = 1
SP: x2 8x = 0
= 10x 4
page 2
d2 y
dx 2
2
3
= 8x3
( 23 , 12):
( 23 , 12):
d2 y
dx 2
d2 y
dx 2
= 27, max
= 27, min
C2
DIFFERENTIATION
g
dy
dx
= 1 3x
SP: 1 3x
x
12
Answers - Worksheet A
12
12
dy
dx
3
2
d2 y
dx 2
(9, 9):
d2 y
dx 2
1
18
, min
d2 y
dx 2
( 43 ,
):
1
27
= x 16x3
x=2
d2 y
dx 2
= 2, min
d2 y
dx 2
= 2, max
= 1 + 48x4
(2, 4):
(2, 4):
dy
dx
= 2x 3x2
SP: 2x 3x2 = 0
x(2 3x) = 0
d2 y
dx 2
= 2 6x
(0, 0):
d2 y
dx 2
( 23 ,
):
4
27
= 2, max
dy
dx
(0, 2):
dy
dx
=0
= 4, min
SP: 4x3 = 0
x=0
= 6x + 6
< 1 1
= 4, min
= 4x3
d2 y
dx 2
d2 y
dx 2
d2 y
dx 2
d2 y
dx 2
x = 1
(1, 1):
= 2, min
d2 y
dx 2
= 3x2 + 6x + 3
SP: 3x2 + 6x + 3 = 0
3(x + 1)2 = 0
2
3
x = 0,
d2 y
dx 2
dy
dx
x2 + 8x2
x4 = 16
= 14 12x
(1, 0):
1
2
SP: x 16x3 = 0
4
3
x = 1,
32
y=
dy
dx
2(3x 4)(x 1) = 0
x=9
d2 y
dx 2
=0
1
3
= 8 + 14x 6x2
page 3
> 1
= 12x2
d2 y
dx 2
=0
<0
>0
dy
dx
dy
dx
= 12 + 12x 3x2
dy
dx
= 2x 16x2
dy
dx
= 4x3 + 12x2
SP: 2x 16x2 = 0
x3 = 8
x=2
d2 y
dx 2
d2 y
dx 2
d2 y
dx 2
= 12 6x
(2, 4):
d2 y
dx 2
=0
= 2 + 32x3
(2, 12):
<2
>2
dy
dx
d2 y
dx 2
= 6, min
= 12x2 + 24x
(3, 28):
(0, 1):
x
dy
dx
d2 y
dx 2
d2 y
dx 2
= 36, min
=0
3 < x < 0
+
>0
Solomon Press
C2
8
DIFFERENTIATION
a
dy
dx
Answers - Worksheet A
= 3x2 + 6x
dy
dx
= 1 x2
dy
dx
page 4
= 3x2 6x + 3
SP: 3x2 + 6x = 0
3x(x + 2) = 0
x = 2, 0
SP: 1 x2 = 0
x2 = 1
x=1
SP: 3x2 6x + 3 = 0
3(x 1)2 = 0
x=1
d2 y
dx 2
d2 y
dx 2
d2 y
dx 2
= 6x + 6
d2 y
dx 2
(2, 4):
(0, 0):
d2 y
dx 2
= 6, max
= 2x3
d2 y
dx 2
(1, 2):
= 6, min
(1, 2):
d2 y
dx 2
= 2, max
= 6x 6
d2 y
dx 2
(1, 0):
= 2, min
=0
<1
>1
dy
dx
(2, 4)
(1, 2)
O (0, 0)
y
x
(1, 2)
O
(1, 0)
dy
dx
= 3 2x
SP: 3 2x
x
d2 y
dx 2
12
x=
4
9
= x
32
( 94 , 43 ):
12
12
dy
dx
= 3x2 + 8x 3
(3x 1)(x + 3) = 0
x = 3,
d2 y
dx 2
27
8
, min
(3, 13):
(3, 13)
O
4
9
43
4x(x + 2)(x 2) = 0
1
3
d2 y
dx 2
= 4x3 16x
= 6x + 8
( 13 , 5 14
):
27
y = x4 8x2 + 12
dy
dx
SP: 3x2 + 8x 3 = 0
=0
3
2
d2 y
dx 2
= 10, max
d2 y
dx 2
= 10, min
d2 y
dx 2
= 12x2 16
(2, 4):
d2 y
dx 2
= 32, min
(0, 12):
d2 y
dx 2
= 16, max
(2, 4):
d2 y
dx 2
= 32, min
y
O
x
(0, 12)
)
( 13 , 5 14
27
O
(2, 4)
Solomon Press
x
(2, 4)
C2
1
Answers - Worksheet B
DIFFERENTIATION
a volume = 2x2h = 4000
h=
2000
x2
rh = 15 000 r2
h=
= 2x2 + 6xh
= 2x2 + (6x
dA
dx
2000
)
x2
= r2(
4x 12 000x2 = 0
SP:
r=
5000
3000 ,
d 2V
dr 2
d2 A
dx 2
= 12
d 2V
dr 2
b V = x2l
k 2 x2
4x
= x2
1
4
=
dV
dx
kx
1
2
x3
3
2
x2
3
2
x2 = 0
1
4
1
k
4
2
SP:
1
6
x =
d 2V
dx 2
= 3x
when x =
l=
=
k
6
x=
k 13 k
4
k
6
k
6
6
k
k
6
=
=
,
2
3
d 2V
dx 2
< 0 maximum
k 14
= 6r
when r =
> 0 minimum
l=
[ = 39.9 (3sf)]
= 4 + 24 000x3
d2 A
dx 2
15 000 3r2 = 0
5000
when x =
r)
= 15 000 3r2
r2 =
dV
dr
x3 = 3000
x=
e
15000
r
= 15 000r r3
= 4x 12 000x2
SP:
V = r2h
12000
x
= 2x2 +
15000
r
6
k
k
6
Solomon Press
5000
d 2V
dr 2
< 0 maximum
= 752
C2
1
Answers - Worksheet C
DIFFERENTIATION
a f (x) = 6x2 + 10x
b 6x2 + 10x 0
2x(3x + 5) 0
x 53 and x 0
dy
dx
= 3x2 2x + 2
dy
dx
d2 y
dx 2
b SP:
1
2
12
= 14 x
1
2
1
2
12
4x2
32
a y = 0 x(x + 3)2 = 0
+ 8x3
x = 3, 0
4x2 = 0
3
2
x2( x 8) = 0
x2 = 8
x=4
(4, 3)
when x = 4,
d2 y
dx 2
d2 y
dx 2
decreasing when
3 x 1
=
3
32
3x2 + 12x + 9 0
3(x + 3)(x + 1) 0
> 0 minimum
(3, 0)
O
(1, 4)
dh
dt
c SP:
b when t = 0.25,
dh
dt
dy
dx
x2 + 2kx 3k2 = 0
b (x + 3k)(x k) = 0
x = 3k, k
when x = k, y = k3 + 3k3 9k3 = 5k3
stationary at (k, 5k3)
c when x = 3k,
y = 27k3 + 27k3 + 27k3 = 27k3
(3k, 27k3)
Solomon Press
C2
7
DIFFERENTIATION
Answers - Worksheet C
a V =
1
2
x2 sin 60 l
1
2
x2l
1000
3x 2
l=
b2 4ac > 0
x2) + 3xl
64 12k > 0
3
2
x2 + (3x
3
2
(x2 +
= 250
dA
dx
a f (x) = 3x2 + 8x + k
1000 3
3x 2
or
3
4
b A = (2
3
2
1000 3
3x 2
k<
2000
)
x
b SP:
d2 A
dx 2
(3x 1)(x + 3) = 0
3
2
(2x 2000x2) = 0
x = 3,
3
2
d2 A
dx 2
> 0 minimum
12
x 2 4 + 3x
=0
10
x 4x + 3 = 0
(x + 1) is a factor
1
2
( x 1)( x 3) = 0
1
2
x = 1, 3
x = 1, 9
(1, 0) and (9, 0)
b
SP:
1
2
a f(1) = 1 3 + 4 = 0
1
2
dy
dx
13
27
=3 3
d2 A
dx 2
1
2
1
3
(2 + 4000x3)
when x = 10,
3x2 + 8x 3 = 0
(2x 2000x2)
x3 = 1000
x = 10
d min A = 150 3
e
16
3
3
2
SP:
page 2
12
1
2
12
1
2
32
3
2
3
2
32
32
=0
(3, 2 3 4)
3
3
+ 4
+ 0x + 4
+ 0x
4x
4x + 4
4x + 4
f(x) (x + 1)(x2 4x + 4)
(x 3) = 0
x=3
y= 3 4+
x2 4x
x + 1 x3 3x2
x3 + x2
2
4x
2
4x
= 2 3 4
Solomon Press