Chemistry Test II

Oct 2014
Westwood High School
Grade 12:
Read instructions carefully and attempt all questions.
1. One of the reasons that solid CuSO4 dissolves in water is:
a) instantaneous dipole-induced dipole forces (dispersion or London forces)
between the Cu2+ and the SO42- ions
b) the ion-dipole forces between the ions and the water molecules
c) the hydrogen bonding between the water molecules
d) the electrostatic force of attraction between the Cu2+ and the SO42- ions
2. The boiling point of CH4 is much lower than that of HF. This is because:
a) of hydrogen bonding in HF.
b) of ion-dipole interactions in CH4.
c) of dipole-dipole interactions in CH4.
d) CH4 is polar.
3. Based on the following information:
CF4, Molecular Weight 87.99, Normal Boiling Point -182C
CCl4, Molecular Weight 153.8, Normal Boiling Point -123C
The intermolecular forces of attraction in the above substances is described by which of the
following:
a) dipole-dipole forces (permanent dipoles)
b) ion-dipole forces
c) dispersion (or London) forces
d) gravitational forces
4. Which of the following is the correct order, increasing lattice energy, for the following
ionic solids? NaCl; LiF; CaCl2
a.
b.
c.
d.

NaCl < CaCl2 < LiF

LiF < NaCl < CaCl2
NaCl < LiF < CaCl2
CaCl2 < NaCl < LiF

the lattice energy of an ionic compound is dependent on the

internuclear
distance as well as the charges on the ions. NaCl and LiF have the same charges (+1
and -1) and so the determining factor is the internuclear distance, in which the
former compound has the larger. This results in a smaller lattice energy. Though
CaCl2 has a larger internuclear distance than the other two compounds it is offset
by the increase in charge (+2 and -2). CaCl2 is not 4 times a slarge as the other two
compounds and so the lattice enery would be larger than in NaCl and LiF.

5. A solute is most likely to be highly soluble in a solvent if the solute is _____ and the
solvent is ______.
a. ionic or polar, non-polar
b. ionic or polar, polar
c. non-polar, ionic
d. non-polar, polar
6. When a double bond is formed between two atoms, one of the bonds is a sigma bond and
the other is a pi bond. The pi bond is created by the overlap of...
(a 2
sp hybrid orbitals
)

(b) sp3 hybrid orbitals

(c) p orbitals
(d) s orbital
7. The central atom in BrF5 has _?_ bonding pairs of electrons and _?_ non-bonding pairs of
electrons.
a) 1...5
b) 0...5
c) 5...1
d) 5...0
8. What is the electron-pair geometry of the central oxygen atom of ozone (O3)?
(a
linear
(b
trigonal planar
(c tetrahedral
(d
trigonal bipyramidal
9. What is the hybridization of the xenon atom in XeF4?
(a)
sp2
b)
sp3
(c)
sp3d
d)
sp3d2
10. What is the molecular geometry for ammonia (NH3)?
(a)
saw horse
(b)
trigonal planar
(c)
tetrahedral
d)
pyramidal
11. The boiling point of water is about 200C higher than one would predict from the boiling
points of hydrogen sulphide 35g/mol and hydrogen selenide 81g/mol. One may explain
this apparent anomaly by which of the following?
a. Water has the lowest molecular weight.
b. Water is less polar than hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen selenide.

c. The water molecule is lighter than the other two molecules.

The H-O covalent bond is much stronger than the H-S and H-Se bonds.
d. The intermolecular attractive forces are much greater in water than in hydrogen
sulfide and hydrogen selenide.
11mks
Section B
1. Draw the Lewis structures, with correct shape and bond angle, of the following
molecules: NH4+, HCN, BeCl2, SF6, PCl5, 10mks
2. Describe the hybridization, using diagram, of the Carbon atom in ethane. 4mks
Hybridization is the mixing or combining or atomic orbitals to form hybrid orbitals which
are different from the original orbitals. This occurs on the central atom of a molecule
before bonding. For example, the carbon atom in ethane is sp3 hybridised, meaning that an
electron from the 2s orbital mixes with all the half-filled and the empty orbitals of the 2p
subshell. The result is the formation of 4 equivalent sp3 orbitals on the carbon.

3. Define electronegativity. Explain its trend across the period. 3mks

Electronegativity is the tendency of an atom in a covalent bond to attract electrons to itself.
Going from left to right in a period, there is an increase in electronegativity due an
increase in the effective nuclear charge. Hence, leftmost elements have a stronger pull on
electrons in a covalent bond.