THE UROGENITAL SYSTEM OF MAMMALS

Males descent of testes. Female great reduction in the size of the eggs and the adaptation of
female ducts for intrauterine development of the young.
Kidney and their ducts
Maintain homeostatic balance of body fluids and secretion of metabolites and
Kidney
minderals; metanephroi; retriperitoneal
Ducts
Metanephric ducts or ureters.
Hilus
Concavity that transmits the vessels, nerves, and the ureter
Propel urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder; pass dorsal to the horns of
Ureter
the uterus in females and ductus deferens in males
Urinary bladder
Temporary storage of urine
Renal sinus
Cavity that is occupied by the renal artery, vein and by the renal pelvis
The expanded beginning of the ureter; act as a funnel for uterine flow to the
Renal pelvis
ureter
Substance of kidney with microscopic openings of collecting tubules;
Renal papilla
nephrotoxins attack this
Ultrafiltration; contains renal corpuscles and the convoluted and looped portions
Cortex
of kidney tubules
Containing blood vessels for blood supply; marked by lines which converge to the
Medulla
renal papilla
Ureter,
collecting
Outgrowths of the mesonephric duct
tubules, and
pelvis
Renal pyramid
Collecting tubules + renal papilla; 1 in cat, 12 in humans
Apex or vertex
Free anterior end
Fundus
Posterior end
Urethra
Transports urine from the urinary bladder to the exterior; sperm also in males
Retrovesical or
Peritoneal pouch between the bladder and rectum in male, bladder + uterus and
vesicouterine
rectum in female
pouch
The female reproductive system
Ovaries
An ovum-producing reproductive organ
Graafian
Contains an egg or an ovum
follicles
Little hard lumps in the ovary in pregnant cats, which represent follicles rfom
Corpora lutea
which the eggs of the pregnancy were discharged
Suspends the ovary; extends forward from the kidney and is continuous
Mesovarium
posteriorly with the ligament of the uterus
Oviducts or
Tubes through which the eggs travel; differentiated into several distinct parts
Mullerian ducts
Mesosalpinx
Mesentery of the oviducts, incloses the ovary
Uterine or
Slender, convoluted tube which passes lateral to the ovary and curves over its
fallopian tube
anterior end
Ostium
Lateral side openings of the fallopian tube
Fimbriae
Sweeps the ovum in the fallopian tube; fringed borders of the ostium
Horn of the
Points where the uterus and the fallopian tube meet, where the young develops
uterus
Mesometrium
Strong fold of peritoneum supporting the uteri or horns
Broad ligament
Mesovarium, mesosalpinx, and mesometrium
Fold extending from the beginning of the uterus to the body wall. Perpendicular
Round ligament
to broad.
Body of the
Accept the fertilized ovum; where the fetus develops during gestation; bipartite!
uterus
Cervix of the
Allows the flow of menstrual blood during menstruation and the flow of sperm to
uterus
the uterus during intercourse
Vagina
Receives the penis during copulation and serves as a conduit for menstrual flow

THE UROGENITAL SYSTEM OF MAMMALS

from the uterus; tube situated between the bladder and the rectum; exits
through the ring formed by the pelvic girdle and vertebral column
External
genitalia

Labia majora, vulva protection

Clitoris

Vestigial or adaptive organ for arousal; homologous to the penis of the male; its
anterior end is attached by ligaments to the ischium and pubic symphysis

Two cavernous
bodies
Urogenital sinus
Anal glands

Erectile tissues; composition of clitoris

Passageway of urine; common tube of the unity of the urethra and the vagina
Secrete foul smelling liquid is used for identification of members within a species
(pheromones)

External uterine
The opening of the body of the uterus into the vagina
orifice*
The male reproductive system
Scrotum
Protects the testes; divided into two compartments by the internal partition
Sheathed in a connective tissue holding its network of arteries, veins, and the
Spermatic cord
first section of the ductus deferens
Inguinal canal
Canal in the peritoneal cavity that conveys the spermatic cord
External
The opening in the aponeurosis of the abdominal wall through which the male
inguinal ring
spermatic cord or the female round ligament emerges from the inguinal canal.
Internal
Entrance to the inguinal canal
inguinal ring
Ductus deferens Propels sperm forward through muscle contraction
Store and secrete a slightly alkaline fluid that usually constitutes 25-30% of the
Prostate gland
volume of the semen; point of junction
Passageway of urine and sperm out of the body; common tube of the unity of the
Urogenital sinus
urethra and the ductus deferens
Bulbuorethral
or Cowpers
Produces a clear, viscous secretion known as pre-ejaculate
gland
Glans of the
Stimulation; with minute spines
penis
Protects the urinary meatus when the penis is not erect; fold of skin around the
Prepuce
glands
Urogenital
Expulsion of urine and semen
opening
Penis
Copulation organ; strongly attached to the pelvic region
Corpora
cavernosa or
Causes erection or projecting out of the penis out of the prepuce; 2 cylindrical
cavernous
bodies of erectile tissues containing most of the blood
bodies
Cavernous
Passageway of urine and sperm; the urogenital canal proximal to the pubis
urethra
Crura of the
Attachment of penis to the ischia; diverged cavernous bodies
penis
Vaginal sac
Part of the peritoneal cavity where the testis lies
Tunica vaginalis Protects the testis
Tunica
Protects the testis
albuginea
Mesentery that suspends the testis from middorsal wall; bw testis and wall of the
Mesorchium
vaginal sac
Attachment of the posterior end of the testis to the posterior scrotal wall; short,
Gubernaculum
stout ligament; continuous with the mesorchium and homologous to the round
ligament
Head of
Receives the invisible efferent ductules from the testis; derived from
epididymis
mesonephros

THE UROGENITAL SYSTEM OF MAMMALS

Body of
epididymis
Tail of
epididymis
Homologies
Indifferent
Structure
Mesonephric
duct
Mesonephric
tubules

Coiling of the ductules

Coiled mass and it is to which the gubernaculum is attached
Mature Male
Ductus deferens
Epididymis
Vasa efferentia
Appendix of epididymis
Paradidymis
Appendix of testis

Muellerian duct
Gonadal ridge
Gubernaculum
Genital swelling
Genital tubercle
Genital folds
Urogenital sinus

Prostatic sinus (vagina masculina)

Testis
Rete testis
Gubernaculum
Scrotal sacs
Penis
Contribute to penis
Urethra, prostatic, and
membranous portions

Mature Female
Gartners duct
Epoophoron
Paroophoron
Oviduct
Uterus
Vagina
Ovary
Rete ovarii
Mesovarium
Round ligament of the uterus
Labia majora
Clitoris
Labia minora
Urethra and urogenital sinus