Lecture Note : STIE Ibnu Sina

Topic I
GREETING
Formal Conversation
Greeting

Introducing

Sample

Sample

sentences

Response

Hello, Mr. Smith

Hello

Yourself

Others

Replying to an

Saying

Introduction

goodbye

~How do you do?

~Mr. Andy, may I

~Please to meet you

Goodbye, Its

My name is Andy

introduce our director

Mr. Andy

a pleasure to

Mr. Smith
Hello, doctor

Good morning

Hello

Good morning

Good afternoon

Good evening

Good evening

How are you

Fine, thank you

How do you do

Very well thank

you

Same to you

have met you

~Hello, Andy the

~Henry, Id like you

~Please to meet you

Goodbye. It

It was nice to meet

General Affair

meet Alfred, our

Henry

was nice to

you too.

today

manager. Alfred, Henry

have met you

~Fina, meet Susi, my

~Hi Fina

Have a good

Thank you. You

sister. Susi, this is my

~How are you

day

too

friend Angela
Good afternoon

Replying

Lecture Note : STIE Ibnu Sina

Informal Conversation
Greeting
Sample sentences

Introducing
Sample

Sample Response

Saying goodbye

Anna, this is Jim.

Hi Jim, nice to meet

Nice meeting you

Hes in my class

you

Hi, my names John

Im Dave. Nice to

Sample sentences

Replying

Response
Hey, Hi

How are ya?

Hey, Hi
Im good all right

You too
Take it easy

meet you.
How are things?

Pretty good

Take care

Hows it going?

OK, not bad

Im off

How you doing?

Im doing good

I have to go

Whats up?

Nothing much,

So long

See you, see you later.

Whats happen?

Not a whole lot

See you

bye

What are you up to?

Nothing, nothing

See you later

special. Not much

Whats going on?

Bye

Ok, bye

Lecture Note : STIE Ibnu Sina

Topic II

Economic Activity and the Science of Economic

A. Economic Activity
Most people work in order to earn their living. They produce goods and services. Goods
are either produced on farms, like maize and milk, or in factories, like cars and paper.
Services are provided by such things as schools, hospitals, and shops. Some people provide
goods; some provide services. Other people provide both goods and services. For example, in
the same garage, a man may buy a car, or he may buy some service which helps him to
maintain his car. The work which people do is called their economic activity. Economic
activities make up the economic system. The economic system is the sum-total of what
people do and what they want. The work which people undertake either provides what they
need or provides them with money. People buy essential commodities with money.
B. Science of Economics.
Economics is a science. This science is based upon the facts of our everyday lives.
Economist study our everyday lives. They study the system which affects our lives. The
economist tries to describe the facts of the economy in which we live. He tries to explain how
the system works. His methods should be objective and scientific. We need food, clothes, and
shelter. If we could get food, clothes, and shelter without working, we probably would not
work. But even when we have these essential things, we may want other things. If we had
them, these other things (like radios, books, and toys for the children) might make life more
enjoyable. The science of economics is concerned with all our material needs and wants. It is
not just concerned with basic needs like food, clothes, and shelter.

Lecture Note : STIE Ibnu Sina

Vocabulary :
1.

11..

2.

12..

3.

13

4..

14.

5..

15.

6..

16.

7..

17.

8..

18.

9..

19..

10.

20..

Exercise 1. Read the whole text and then answer the question below:

1. Why do most people work?

2. What do they produce?
3. Where are goods produced?
4. What do schools, hospitals, and shops provide?
5. What can people buy with money?
6. What is economics?
7. What is it based upon?
8. What two things do economists study?
9. What three essential things do we need?
10. What is economics concerned with?

Lecture Note : STIE Ibnu Sina

Topic III
Company Structure

Most organizations have a hierarchical or pyramidal structure, with one person or group
of people at the top, and an increasing number of people below them at each successive level.
There is a clear line or chain of command running down the pyramid. All the people in the
organization know what decisions they are able to make, who their superior (or boss) is (to
whom they report), and who their immediate subordinates are (or whom they can give
instruction).
Some people in an organization have colleague who help them: for example, there
might be an Assistant to the Marketing Manager. This known as staff position: its holder has
no line authority, and is not integrated into the chain of command, unlike, for example, the
Assistant Marketing Manager, who is number two in the marketing department.
Yet the activities of most companies are too complicated to be organized in a single
hierarchy, shortly before the first world war, the French Industrialist Henry Fayol organized
his coal-mining business according to the function that it had to carry out. He is generally
credited with inventing functional organization. Today, most large manufacturing
organization have a functional structure, include (among others). Production, finance,
marketing, sales and personnel or human resources department, this means, for example that
the production and marketing department cannot take financial decision without consulting
the finance department.

Lecture Note : STIE Ibnu Sina

Vocabulary :
1.

11..

2.

12..

3.

13

4..

14.

5..

15.

6..

16.

7..

17.

8..

18.

9..

19..

10.

20..

Exercise 1. Read the whole text and then complete the organization chart:
I think we have a fairly typical organization for a manufacturing firm. Were divided
into Finance, Production, Marketing and Human Resources departments. The Human
Resources department is the simplest. It consists of two sections. One is responsible for
recruitment and personnel matters, the other is in charge of training.
The Marketing department is made up of three sections: Sales, Sales Promotion, and
Advertising, whose heads are all accountable to the marketing manager. The Production
department consists of five sections. The first of these is Production Control, which is in
charge of both Scheduling and Materials Control. Then theres Purchasing, Manufacturing,
Quality Control, and Engineering Support. Manufacturing contains three sections: Tooling,
Assembly, and Fabrication. Finance is composed of two sections: Financial Management,
which is responsible for capital requirements, fund control, and credit, and Accounting.

Lecture Note : STIE Ibnu Sina

Company Structure

Lecture Note : STIE Ibnu Sina

Topic IV

BUSINESS

Business is an organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services
they want. The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and
services. Most businesses seek to make a profit - that is, they aim to achieve revenues that
exceed the costs of operating the business. Prominent examples of for-profit businesses
include Mitsubishi Group, General Motors Corporation, and Royal Dutch/Shell Group.
However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.
Commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service
providers. Examples of nonprofit businesses include such organizations as social service
agencies, foundations, advocacy groups, and many hospitals.
Business Operations
A variety of operations keep businesses, especially large corporations, running
efficiently and effectively. Common business operation divisions include (1) production, (2)
marketing, (3) finance, and (4) human resource management
1. Production includes those activities involved in conceptualizing, designing, and
creating products and services. In recent years there have been dramatic changes in
the way goods are produced.
2. Marketing is the process of identifying the goods and services that consumers need
and want and providing those goods and services at the right price, place, and time.
Businesses develop marketing strategies by conducting research to determine what
products and services potential customers think they would like to be able to purchase.

Lecture Note : STIE Ibnu Sina

3. Finance involves the management of money. All businesses must have enough capital
on hand to pay their bills, and for-profit businesses seek extra capital to expand their
operations. In some cases, they raise long-term capital by selling ownership in the
company.
4. Businesses rely on effective human resource management (HRM) to ensure that
they hire and keep good employees and that they are able to respond to conflicts
between workers and management.

Vocabulary :
1.

11..

2.

12..

3.

13

4..

14.

5..

15.

6..

16.

7..

17.

8..

18.

9..

19..

10.

20..

Exercise 1. Discuss the following questions

1. Give definition to the word business.
2. What is the difference between for-profit and non-profit organizations? Support
your answer with relevant examples.
3. What is production?
4. What is marketing?
5. What does the HRM involve?

Lecture Note : STIE Ibnu Sina

10

Exercise 2. Discussion. How do you see your future profession? Please answer the
following questions:
What kind of work are you interested in:
1. Well paid work
2. Interesting work
3. Work in a large and famous company
4. Quiet work
5. Work in an industry which has future prospects
6. A kind of work such as not to sit the whole day in the office
7. To travel a lot
Please, discuss advantages and disadvantages of your future profession:
1. Do you think that your future profession is prestigious?
2. Do you think it will be still prestigious and well paid by the time you graduate?
3. How difficult is it to find a good work in your field?
4. Is there a competition in your group?
5. Do you think that competition among your coeds is a good stimulus to study well or
it just makes communication between you more difficult?

Lecture Note : STIE Ibnu Sina

Topic V
Conversation
(Telephoning)
a. Some useful Phrases
Can I speak to Peter Safin, please?
Speaking
Are you busy?
Can I call you back?
Please hold on.
Sorry to keep you waiting.
Ill transfer you.
Whats the area code for Dublin?
Dial 9 to get an outside line.
Press the star key twice.
This is a very bad line.
Youre breaking up.
The reception is very bad.
Would you like to leave a message?
Leave a message on my voicemail.
Im in a meeting. Ill call you back.
I think were covered everything.
Speak to you soon.
Bye for now.

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Lecture Note : STIE Ibnu Sina

12

Dialogue 1
Beginning a call
A. Id like to speak to Max Reed, please
B. Just a moment. Ill connect you Youre through now.
A. Max Reed Speaking
B. Hi, Max. Simon here.
A. Hi, Simon. How are you?
B. Fine, And you?
Checking Information
A. Hello
C. Hello, John. Steven here. Did you get my email?
A. Yes. Its right here in front of me.
B. Fine. I thought it would like be quicker to phone than send you another message.
I wanted to run through some of arrangement for Tuesday..
Asking the caller to hold
A. Sorry to keep you waiting so long. Could you hold on a little longer? The network is
very slow today.
B. How long do you think it is going to take to find the information?
A. It wont be long now. Right. Here we are. The figure you need are
Asking the caller to leave a message
A. Im trying to get hold of someone in your sales department. Are you having problems
with your phone system? It was cut off earlier and now no reply.
B. Just a moment. Please. Ill try the number for you. Yes, Im afraid theres no reply
from department. They must be at lunch. Would you like to leave a message and Ill
get someone to call you when they get back.
A. Thanks. My names Baz Mechot and the number is 453980.

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13

Making sure you understand

A. Can I speak to Teresa Riller? I understand that she is looking after Sales while
Marco Stam in on parental leave.
B. That right, but Im afraid shes not here at the moment. Can I take a message?
A. Thanks. Could you say that Pieter called and ask her to call me back?
B. Can you spell your name, please?
A. Pieter is P-i-e-t-e-r. Im at the Rainbow Hotel in room 13.
B. Is that 13, one three, or 30, three zero?
A. Thirteen, one three.
B. Thanks. Ill pass on the message.

Ending a call
A. ....OK. Have you covered everything?
B. I think so. You just need to let me know when you can send the report.
A. Thats right. Ill send you a message when I get back to the office. Anyway, thanks
for calling.
B. No problem. Ill wait to hear from you.

Lecture Note : STIE Ibnu Sina

14

Note
Id like to speak to Max Reed, Please.
Some other phrases for checking if someone is available:
Is Max Reed there?
Can I talk to Max Reed?
Is Max Reed available?
Hi, Max. Simon here
This is an informal greeting. More formal greeting include :
Hello, Mr. Breed. This is Simon Speedwell speaking.
Mr. Reed. Hello. Its Simon Speedwell here.
I wanted to run through..
We often introduce the topic politely by using the past tense. We can also use Id like to.:
I wanted to run through the arrangements.
I wanted to ask you a question.
I wanted to know about your travel plans.
Id like to ask you a question.
Sorry to keep you waiting...
Some other phrases to use when someone is waiting on the phone:
Could you hold on?
Do you mind holding.
Would you like to leave a message?
Would is used to introduce a polite offer. Note also:
Would you like me to check?
Would you like to call back later?
Would you like to hold on?

Lecture Note : STIE Ibnu Sina

Ill get someone to call you when they get back.
Note the use of the simple present tense.
When they get..in this sentence:
Ill call you if I can.
Ill phone you when they arrive.
Ill let you know if I hear anything.
Ill fax you if I remember the name.

I understand that she is looking after Sales..

Language that indicates that you already have some information:
I understand that youre coming to Warsaw next week.
I hear that Pedro is moving to Singapore.
I see (that) theyre going to open a new office in Paris.
....Marco Stam is on parental leave
Some other reasons for absence include:
Hes on parental leave
Shes on maternity leave.
Shes taking compassionate leave
Hes ill
Shes on holiday.
Hes left for holiday.
....Im afraid shes not here at the moment.
Use Im afraid or Im sorry to when passing on unwelcome information.
Im afraid I cant help you.
Im sorry Im going to be late.
Im afraid I cant find the information you need.

15

Lecture Note : STIE Ibnu Sina

16

Have we covered everything?

Note how we signal that a call is coming to an end.
So is that anything?
Is that all?
Anyway, thanks for calling.
Other ways of bringing a call to an end:
Right, Ill check the details and call you back.
I think thats everything.
Is there anything else?
A voicemail message
This is Ann Forsells voicemail. Im sorry I cant take your call at the moment, but please
leave a message and Ill get back to you. Alternatively you can leave a message with my
assistant. His number is 0046. (thats the country code for Sweden), 01, (thats the area
code), 2132. Many thanks.
You cant hear the caller.
a.

Hello.

b.

Hello. Sorry, I cant hear you very well. Im in a restaurant and they have just started
playing some loud music.

a. I didnt catch that.

b. Ill just go outside. Just a moment. Can you hear me now?
a.

Yes, thats much better. Im glad youre enjoying yourself.

You have to end the call.

a.

John, Peter has arrived. Ill call you when I get back to London.

b.

Fine, Ill be here until 5. Speak to you later. Bye.

a.

Bye.

Lecture Note : STIE Ibnu Sina

17

Complete the sentences using the verb from the box below. Use each one
verb once only.

Press

try

call

hear

leave keep

want

say

hold

hang get

Example: Im trying to gethold of Peter Ince.

1. Would you like toa message?
2. I cant you very well. Please speak up.
3. Could you.on, please? I wont be long.
4. Sorry to.you waiting.
5. Can I you later?
6. If you..to place an order..the star key.
7. Ill ..someone to call you later.
8. He didnt ..when he would be back in the office.
9. Please dont ..up. Ill ..the number again.
Write what you would say in these situations. Refer to the dialogues and notes.
Example: You are manager. The phone rings and you pick it up. The caller asks, Is that the
manager? What do you say?
Yes, ( Tina Forget ) speaking..
a.

Your female colleague is off work as she has just had a baby. What do you say to the
caller who wants to speak to her?

b. You are in a meeting and you receive a call on your mobile phone. You cannot speak.
What do you say?
..

Lecture Note : STIE Ibnu Sina

18

c. Leave a message on your colleague Peters voicemail. Say that you called and ask him
to call back when he gets the message?
..
d. You dont catch the callers name. Ask him to spell it.
.
e. A colleague phones to let you know her hotel room number but you cant her very
well. You are not sure whether it is fifteen or fifty. What do you say?
..

Lecture Note : STIE Ibnu Sina

19

Topic VIII
Business Correspondence
(Letter Writing)
Daily routine
I. Meaning of Business Correspondence
Communication through exchange of letters is known as correspondence. We
communicate our feelings, thoughts etc. to our friends and relatives through letters that
may be called personal correspondence. A Businessman also writes and receives letters in
his day to-day transactions, which may be called business correspondence. Business
correspondence or business letter is a written communication between two parties.
Businessmen may write letters to supplier of goods and also receive letters from the
suppliers. Customers may write letters to businessmen seeking information about
availability of goods, price, quality, sample etc. or place order for purchase of goods. Thus,
business letters may be defined as a media or means through which views are expressed
and ideas or information is communicated in writing in the process of business activities.
II. Part of a Business Letter
Different parts of a business letter1). Heading 2). Date 3). Reference 4). Inside Address 5). Subject 6). Salutation 7). Body of
the letter 8). Complimentary close 9). Signature 10). Enclosures 11). Copy Circulation
12). Post Script
The essential parts of a business letter are as follows:
1. Heading -The heading of a business letter usually contains the name and postal address of
the business, E-mail address, Web-site address, Telephone Number, Fax Number, Trade
Mark or logo of the business (if any)
2. Date - The date is normally written on the right hand side corner after the heading as the
day, month and years. Some examples are 28th Feb., 2003 or Feb. 28, 2003.
3. Reference- It indicates letter number and the department from where the letter is being
sent and the year. It helps in future reference. This reference number is given on the left
hand corner after the heading. For example, we can write reference number as
AB/FADept./2003/27.
4. Inside address - This includes the name and full address of the person or the firm to
whom the letter is to be sent. This is written on the left hand side of the sheet below the
reference number. Letters should be addressed to the responsible head e.g., the Secretary,
the Principal, the Chairman, the Manager etc. Example:

Lecture Note : STIE Ibnu Sina

M/S Bharat Fans

The Chief Manager,

Bharat Complex

State Bank of India

Hyderabad Industrial Complex

Utkal University Campus

Hyderabad

Bhubaneswar,

Andhra Pradesh - 500032

Orissa- 751007

20

5. Subject - It is a statement in brief, that indicates the matter to which the letter relates. It
attracts the attention of the receiver immediately and helps him to know quickly what the
letter is about. For example,
Subject: Your order No. C317/8 dated 12th March 2003.
Subject: Enquiry about Samsung television
Subject: Fire Insurance policy
6. Salutation - This is placed below the inside address. It is usually followed by a comma (,).
Various forms of salutation are:
Sir/Madam: For official and formal correspondence
Dear Sir/Madam: For addressing an individual
Dear Sirs/Dear Madam: For addressing a firm or company.
7. Body of the letter- This comes after salutation. This is the main part of the letter and it
contains the actual message of the sender. It is divided into three parts.
(a) Opening part - It is the introductory part of the letter. In this part, attention of the
reader should be drawn to the previous correspondence, if any. For example with
reference to your letter no. 326 dated. 12th March 2003, I would like to draw your
attention towards the new brand of television.
(b) Main part - This part usually contains the subject matter of the letter. It should be
precise and written in clear words.
(c) Concluding Part - It contains a statement the of senders intentions, hopes or
expectations concerning the next step to be taken. Further, the sender should always
look forward to getting a positive response. At the end, terms like Thanking you, With
regards, With warm regards may be used.

Lecture Note : STIE Ibnu Sina

21

8. Complimentary close - It is merely a polite way of ending a letter. It must be in

accordance with the salutation. For example:
Salutation Complementary close
i. Dear Sir/Dear Madam Yours faithfully
ii. Dear Mr. Raj Yours sincerely
iii. My Dear Akbar Yours very sincerely (express very informal relations.)
9. Signature - It is written in ink, immediately below the complimentary close. As far as
possible, the signature should be legible. The name of the writer should be typed
immediately below the signature. The designation is given below the typed name. Where
no letterhead is in use, the name of the company too could be included below the
designation of the writer. For example:
Yours faithfully
For M/S Acron Electricals
(Signature)
SUNIL KUMAR
Partner
10. Enclosures - This is required when some documents like cheque, draft, bills, receipts,
lists, invoices etc. are attached with the letter. These enclosures are listed one by one in
serial numbers. For example:
Encl : (i) The list of goods received
(ii) A cheque for Rs. One Thousand dtt. Feb. 27,2003 (Cheque No........) towards
payment for goods supplied
11. Copy circulation - This is required when copies of the letter are also sent to persons
apart of the addressee. It is denoted as C.C. For example,
C.C. i. The Chairman, Electric Supply Corporation
ii. The Director, Electric Supply Corporation
iii. The Secretary, Electric Supply Corporation
12. Post script - This is required when the writer wants to add something, which is not
included in the body of the letter. It is expressed as P.S. For example,
P.S. - In our offer, we provide two years warranty.

Lecture Note : STIE Ibnu Sina

Format of a Business Letter

Tel.

Name of the firm

E-mail:

Fax.

Postal Address

Website:

Ref.

Dated:

To
Name and
Address of the letter to whom letter is sent
Subject:
Salutation,

Opening part

Main part

Concluding Part

Complementary close
Signature
(name)
Designation
Enclosures
CCPS

22

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23

Topic X

SOCIALIZATION
Making a Dinner Reservation
Dialogue:
Lola: Thank you for calling the Copa Restaurant. Im the hostess, Lola.
Mr. Wood: Hello. Im visiting Miami and my wife and I would like to eat at the Copa.
Lola: Welcome to Miami, sir. Do you have a reservation?
Mr. Wood: No, not yet. Id like to make a reservation.
Lola: When would you like to have dinner?
Mr. Wood: Wed like to come tonight.
Lola: Oh, Im sorry. Were booked solid tonight. We dont have any tables for two or four.
Mr. Wood: So we cant eat there tonight?
Lola: Well, you can come to the restaurant without a reservation but youll have an hours
wait.
Mr. Wood: Do you have any openings for tomorrow night?
Lola: Yes, reservations are still being taken for tomorrow. What time?
Mr. Wood: 7 p.m.
Lola: How many?
Mr. Wood: There will be four of us: my wife and me and another couple.
Lola: We have tables for four available at 6:45 or 7:30.
Mr. Wood: I think Ill make the reservation for 7:30.
Lola: What name can I use to hold the table?
Mr. Wood: Wood. My last name is Wood.
Lola: Okay, Mr. Wood, youre all set. I have you reserved for a table for 4 at 7:30 p.m.
tomorrow night.
Mr. Wood: Thank you. Were looking forward to eating at your establishment

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24

VOCABULARY CHECK - Matching

A. Match the word or phrase on the left with a definition or description on the right.
1. reservation _____

A. an available place or time

2. wait _____

B. to write down necessary information

3. opening _____

C. to arrange or set up a place or time

4. make _____

D. to reserve something for someone

5. booked solid _____

E. an agreement that saves a table at a restaurant

6. take _____

F. ready; okay

7. hold _____

G. completely filled; no availability

8. set _____

H. a period of time before another action takes place

B. Now use each of the eight words in a sentence

1. The restaurant on Main Street is very busy; it is always _______________________.
2. Because so many people eat there, it is best to make a _______________________.
3. If you dont have a reservation, you will have to_______________________ before
getting a table.
4. It is easier to find an ______________________ during the week. The weekends are
always booked solid.
5. The hostess forgot to _______________________ my name so Im worried we wont have
a table when we arrive at the restaurant.
6. I think Ill _______________________ it for 7:30 so well have enough time to drive to
the restaurant.
7. She said shed _______________________ the table until 8:00 so itll be okay if were a
little late.
8. Were _______________________! We have a reservation at the best restaurant in New
York City!

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25

DIALOGUE PRACTICE
Find a partner. Cut out the statements above and try to put them in the correct sequence. Read
the dialogue aloud. Practice intonation and pronunciation. Reverse roles.
DIALOGUE COMPREHENSION
Questions about People:
1. Who is the hostess? _________________________________________________________
2. Who is making the reservation? _______________________________________________
3. Who will be ordering dinner? _________________________________________________
Questions about Places:
1. What city are they in? _______________________________________________________
2. What is the name of the restaurant? ____________________________________________
Questions about Numbers:
1. How many people are going to dinner? _________________________________________
2. What time is requested? _____________________________________________________
3. What time is the reservation? _________________________________________________
4. What two types of tables are available? _________________________________________
5. What times are available? ____________________________________________________
DIALOGUE PRACTICE
A. Read the questions from the dialogue below. With a partner, practice answering them.
Your answer does not need to match the exact words from the dialogue.
1. Do you have a reservation?___________________________________________________
2. When would you like to have dinner?__________________________________________
3. So we cant eat there tonight? ________________________________________________
4. Do you have any openings for tomorrow night? __________________________________
5. What time? _______________________________________________________________
6. How many? _______________________________________________________________
7. What name can I use to hold the table? ______________________________________

Lecture Note : STIE Ibnu Sina

26

WRITING TASK
Look at the pictures. Write a similar dialogue to describe what is happening in the images.

1.

3.

..

2.

..

..

..

4.

..

5.

6.

..

..

..

Lecture Note : STIE Ibnu Sina

27

Topic X
Job Advertisement and Interview

A. Job Advertisement
A job advertisement is a notice to a selected group or the e public, informing them that
there is a job vacancy available. A job advertisement usually contains such details as the job
title, responsibilities and roles of the successful candidate, and requirements for hopeful
candidates. Job adverts can be found in newspapers, magazines or online.
Purpose
The main purpose of a job advertisement is to attract suitable candidates for the position. An
effective ad reduces the time companies spend interviewing unsuitable candidates by
providing a precise statement of job requirements. A job advertisement also plays a secondary
role by helping to position the company as a growing organization staffed by quality people.
This can help create awareness and interest from qualified people who might be attracted to
the company for future vacancies.
Types of Advertisement
Job advertisements typically take two forms: display and classified advertisements. Display
advertisements include bold headlines, copy and photographs or illustrations. They come in
various sizes, from small boxes to full-page or even double-page advertisements. Through
size and creativity, ad designers aim to create impact with display advertisements. Classified
advertisements are much simpler. They feature a subject headline and text and appear under a
job category heading with other advertisements of similar appearance. Classified ads offer
little opportunity for creative treatment or impact.
Content
A job advertisement has five main elements. Information on the job opening describes the
duties and responsibilities of the position. A candidate profile outlines the experience,

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28

education and other attributes required for the job. Company information provides insight into
the working environment and the opportunities for the right candidate. The advertisement
should also describe the salary range and benefits for the successful candidate. Finally, the
advertisement should explain the application process, including how and where to apply.
Media
Job advertisements appear in different media, including local and national newspapers,
industry magazines and job websites. In newspapers and magazines, job ads typically appear
in a recruitment section, although advertisements for prestige senior positions might be placed
in another section, such as business or finance, for additional impact. Companies also use
social media such as Facebook and Linkedin to communicate with potential candidates for
current and future vacancies.
B. Job Interview
A job interview is your chance to show an employer what he or
she will get if youre hired. That is why it is essential to be well
prepared for the job interview. There exist five basic types of
interviews:
A job interview is your chance to show an employer what he or she will get if youre hired.
That is why it is essential to be well prepared for the job interview. There exist five basic
types of interviews:
The Screening Interview
This is usually an interview with someone in human resources. It may take place in person or
on the telephone. He or she will have a copy of your resume in hand and will try to verify the
information on it. The human resources representative will want to find out if you meet the
minimum qualifications for the job and, if you do, you will be passed on to the next step.

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29

The Selection Interview

The selection interview is the step in the process which makes people the most anxious. The
employer knows you are qualified to do the job. While you may have the skills to perform the
tasks that are required by the job in question, the employer needs to know if you have the
personality necessary to fit in.
The Group Interview
In the group interview, several job candidates are interviewed at once. The interviewer or
interviewers are trying to separate the leaders from the followers. The interviewer may also
be trying to find out if you are a team player. The type of personality the employer is
looking for determines the outcome of this interview. There is nothing more to do than act
naturally.
Sample Interview
Interviewer: Good morning, Miss.
Sue Jones: Miss Jones. Good morning.
Interviewer: Miss Jones, yes, right. Hi. Um.now, youd like to join our team, I gather. Sue
Jones: Yes, I would.
Interviewer: Thats.thats very good. Er.Id like to know a little bit about you. Perhaps you
could tell me.. .perhaps we could start.. .if you could tell me a bit about your education.
Sue Jones: Oh yes, right. Well, I left school at 18 and for the first two years I went to
Gibsons, you might know them, theyre an engineering firm.
Interviewer: Ah, yes, right.
Sue Jones: Um.and after that, I wanted to do a course, so I.I did a one-year full-time PA
course and went back to Gibsons. I was PA to the Export Director. I stayed there for another
two years and.and then moved on to my present company. Um.thats Europa
Marketing.um.Mr. Adair, the marketing director, offered me a job because Gibsons had...had
worked quite a lot with Europa Marketing.
Interviewer: Oh, yes, Europa Marketing...yes.
Sue Jones: And Ive been with them for three years now. um.first with the Marketing Director
and...and now Im with the Sales Director.
Interviewer: Thats all very interesting, Miss Jones. Urn.I. Id like to know, what did you
enjoy most at school? What was the course that you enjoyed most?

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30

Sue Jones: Ah...foreign languages I liked best.

Interviewer: Foreign languages?
Sue Jones: We did French and German. Yes.
Interviewer: Mhm. And are you quite fluent in those now or.?
Sue Jones: Yes, a bit rusty now, but...um...obviously the more travel I can do the more I can
use my languages and Id like to learn another language. Id like to add Italian as well.
Interviewer: Italian?
Sue Jones: Yes.
Interviewer: Very good, very good, that...that might be very useful. Now.. .er.. .tell me a little
bit about.. .er.. .the work youre doing at present.
Sue Jones: Um.well Europa Marketing is a marketing and public.public relations company.
Interviewer: Yes, Ive heard of it.
Sue Jones: And they do.they do consultancy work for companies operating in the UK and
European markets. Er.. .our clients come from all over the world.. .um.. .we deal with some
of them by.. .by post, but most of them come to our offices and at least once during a project.
I assist the Sales Director by arranging these visits, setting up meetings and presentations and
I...I deal with all her correspondence. Ive not been able to go with her on any.. .on any of her
trips abroad, but I.. .Ive been to firms in this country, several times on my own.. .um.. .to
make these arrangements.
Interviewer: It sounds as if youre very happy there, Miss Jones. Im curious why youd like
to leave them and join our company?
Sue Jones: Well...um...I know the reputation of Anglo-European and it has a very good
reputation. And I feel that I would have more scope and opportunity in your company and the
work would be more challenging for me. I might be able to possibly travel and use my
languages because at the moment most of my work is. is rather routine secretarial-type work
and I like the idea of more.. .um... challenges in my life really.
Interviewer: Yes, aha, aha.

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31

References:
Traveling in English - Making a Dinner Reservation. ESL Library. Com.
MacKenzie Ian. 2003. (2nd Ed). English for Business Studies: A Course for Business Studies
and Economics student. United Kingdom. Cambridge University Press
MacKenzie Ian, 1997. English for Business Studies: A Course for Business Studies and
Economics student. United Kingdom. Cambridge University Press.
Nikolaenko. E.B. 2008. Business English. Tomsk Polytechnic University Publishing House.
http://www.kuaikuenglish.com/assets/pdf/Business_english_5/business_5D.pdf
http://blog.lingoking.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/How-to-make-a-business-phone-callin-English.pdf
2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved. www.pearsonlongman.com/dictionaries
http://www.pearsonlongman.com/uk
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