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IS/ISO 105-A05 (1996): Textiles - Tests for colour fastness

: Part A05 Instrumental assessment of change in colour for
determination of grey scale rating [TXD 5: Chemical Methods
of Test]

! $ ' +-
Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda

Invent a New India Using Knowledge

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Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen

1S/1S0 105-A05 :1996

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Indian Standard
TEXTILES

TESTS

FOR COLOUR

FASTNESS

PART AO!5 INSTRUMENTAL

ASSESSMENT
OF CHANGE IN COLOUR
DETERMINATION
OF GREY SCALE RATING

FOR

ICS 677.016.47:620.191.73.05

@ BIS 2006

BUREAU
MANAK

December

2006

OF
BHAVAN,

INDIAN

9 BAHADUR
NEW
DELHI

STANDARDS
SHAH
110002

ZAFAR

MARG

Price Group

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.;.

Chemical

NATIONAL

Methods of Test Sectional

Committee,

TX 05

FOREWORD

This Indian Standard (Part A05) which is identical with ISO 105-A05 :1996 Textiles Tests for Colour
fastness Part A05 : Instrumental assessment of change in colour for determination of grey scale
rating issued by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) was adopted by the Bureau of
Indian Standards on the recommendation
of the Chemical Methods of Test Sectional Committee and
approval of the Textile Division Council.
The text of ISO Standard has been approved as suitable for publication as an Indian Standard without
deviations. Certain conventions are, however, not identical to those used in Indian Standards. Attention
is particularly drawn to the following:
a)

Wherever the words International

be read as Indian Standard.

Standard appear referring to this standard, they should

b)

Comma (,) has been used as a decimal marker while in Indian Standards, the current practice
is to use a point (.) as the decimal marker.

[n this adopted standard, reference appears to the following International Standard for which Indian
Standard also exists. The corresponding Indian Standard which is to be substituted in their rdace is
listed below along with its degree of equivalence for the edition indiqated:
International

Corresponding

Standard

lndian.Standard,

Degree

of

Equivalence
ISO 105-J03 : 1995 Textiles
Tests for colour fastness

Part J03 : Calculation of colour

difference

The composition of Technical

National Annex A.

IS 15098 :2002 Textiles Method for

determination of colour fastness Method
for calculation of colour difference

Committee

responsible

for the preparation

Technically
Equivalen~

of this standard

is given in

In reporting the results of a test or analysis made in accordance with this standard, if the final value
observed or calculated, is to be rounded off, it shall be done in accordance with IS 2:1960 Rules for
rounding off numerical values (revised).

1S/1S0105-A05

$ !
..

:1996

I
Indian Standard

TEXTILES
PART

A05

TESTS

FOR COLOUR

INSTRUMENTAL
ASSESSMENT
DETERMINATION
OF GREY

FASTNESS

OF CHANGE
IN COLOUR
SCALE RATING

FOR

*,

Scope

This part of ISO 105 specifies an instrumental method for assessing the change in colour of a test specimen in
comparison to an identical untreated reference, and the calculations undertaken to convert the instrumental
measurements into a grey scale rating.
This method is intended as an alternative to the many national methods for visual evaluation of the effect of a
colour fastness test on any textile material.
NOTE1 There may be a difference betwaen instrumental and visual assessments of specimens due to fluorescence,
and/or other factors.

Normative

references

The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part
of ISO 105. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to. revision, and
parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 105 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the
most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently
valid International Standards.
ISO 105-J03: 1995, Textiles Tests for colour fastness Part J03: Calculation of colour differences.
CIE Publication No. 5.2, Co/orimetfy, 2nd cd., 1986.)

Principle

The colour of the specimen which has been subjected to the colour fastness test and the colour of an identical
untreated specimen are measured instrumentally. The CIELAB coordinates for lightness L, chroma C;b and hue
h,b are determined for both specimens, and the CIELAB differences AL, AC~band ~~b are calculated and converted to a grey scale rating by means of a series of equations.
1) Available from the CIE Central Bureau, Kegelgasse27, A-1030 Vienna, Austria.

1S/1S0 105-AO5 :1996

$
.

Apparatus

4.1 Spectrophotometeror calorimeter, meeting any one of the illuminating

flecting specimens as described in CIE Publication 15.2, subclause 1.4.
b

and viewing

conditions

for re-

Test specimen

Choose a representative sample of material which has been subjected to a colour fastness test, of adequate size
used and having no visible defects. Back a single layer of the test
specimen with an opaque white material containing no fluorescent whitening agents (FWA). Both the test specimen and the untreated reference shall be backed in an identical manner.

to fit the sample holder of the instrument

NOTE2 Alternatively, back the test specimen with a number of thicknesses of the identical untreated material sufficient to
give an acceptably opaque specimen.

Test procedure

6.1 From the untreated material, prepare a reference consisting of the same number of thicknesses of malerial
as that used to prepare the test specimen (see clause 5). Mount the reference in the sample holder and measure
Its colour values with the instrument (see 4.1). From the instrument system, obtain CIE tristimulus values using
CIE iiluminant 065 and 10 observer. Calculate the CIELAB L, C~b and h,b values using the data obtained, as
specified in ISO 105-J03.
NOTE3

Permitted illuminant/observer alternatives for calorimetric calculations are: D65/2;

C/2; C/l (Y.

6.2
Measure the colour of the specimen (see clause 5) in the same manner and calculate the CIELAB I,, C&
and habvalues.

Calculation

of change

in colour

7.1 Calculate the differences in lightness AL, chroma AC& and hue M7:b between the reference and specimen
from the data obtained in clause 6.
7,2

Calculate the change in colour AEF using the following equations, where:
the subscripts S and R refer to test Specimen and Reference

respectively;

the subscript N is used to indicate functions of the means of the values of the specimen and reference;
the subscript K is used to indicate corrected hue and chroma functions;
the subscript F is used to indicate special calorimetric values, to distinguish them from the CIELAB calorimetric
values in common usage.
AEF= [(AL*)2 + (ACF)2-t (AHF)2]12
AHF= AHK/[l + (1OCM/l 000)2]
ACF= ACK/[l + (20CM/1 000)2]
AHK= AH:b D
ACK= AC& f)
D = (AC:bCM.e-~/l

OO

k.,
1S/1S0105-A05

$,1

CM=
x=

(c:b,S + C;b,fl) /2
[(hM 280)/30]2

x= [(360M=

:1996

if 1~ - 280[ < 180

lh~-2801)/30]2

if 1~-2801

(%b,S + %b,R)/2 if Ik,s

>180

- &b,RI <180

& = (hb,S + hb,R)/2 + 180 if lh3b,S- hb,Rl ~ 180 and lhb,S + &b,R! <360
hM = (&b,s + ~b,R)/2 -180

~, C&,

if I~b,s - ~~,fl I >180 and I~,~ + ~,~ I a 360

h,b,~ = lightness, chroma and hue of Specimen

L& C&R, ~~,fl = lightness, chroma and hue of Reference

AL*, AC;b and ~~b are calculated in accordance with ISO 105-J03:1 995, subclause 3.2.

Determination

of grey scale rating for colour change

Using AEF calculated in 7.2, determine the grey scale rating for colour change (GSC), expressed to the nearest
half-point (e.g. 5; 4,5; 4; etc.), either from table 1 or from equation (1) or equation (2).
NOTE 4
Use of equation (1) or equation (2) produces a continuous function, yielding a decimal value of GSCcompared to the
stepwise value obtained from table 1.

GS = 5 [A.EF/l,7]

if

A&s

3,4

GS = 5 [log10(AEF/0,85 )/log102]

. . . (1)
if

AEF >3,4

. . . (2)

Table 1
Rangeof AEF

GSC

<0,40

0,40 s AEF<1,25

4,5

1,25< A.EF<2,10

2,10< AEF<2,95

3,5

2,95< AEF<4,10

4,10 G AEF<5,80

2,5

5,80< AEF<8,20

8,20< AEF<11,60

1,5

>11,60

e!!?!!!
$,.

1S/1S0 105-AO5 :1996

Test report

The test report shall contain at least the following

information:

Iu

a) the number and year of publication of this part of ISO 105, i.e. ISO I05-A05:1996;
b) all details necessary for complete

identification

c)

identification

d)

test conditions, including illuminant and observer used;

e)

grey scale rating GSCdetermined

etc.).

f)

date of the test.

of the spectrophotometer

of the specimen(s) tested;

or calorimeter

used, including the CIE geomet~

type;

for each test specimen, expressed to the nearest half-point (e.g. 5; 4,5; 4;

1S/1S0 105-A05

NATIONAL

ANNEX

(National

Foreword)

COMMITTEE

:1996

COMPOSITION

Chemical Methods of Test Sectional Committee, TX 05

Representative(s)

Organization
Textiles Committee, Mumbai

DR G. S. NAOIGER (Chakman)
SHRI E. VISWAMBHARAM
(Alternate)

Bapuji Institute of Engineering & Technology, Davangere

OR H. L. VIJAYKUMAR
DR K. MURUGESH
BABU(Alternate)

Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai

DR (Ms) C. R. RAJE
(Alternate)
DR R. H. BALASUBRAMANYA

Central Pollution Control Board, Delhi

DR M. Q. ANSARI
(A/ternate)
SHRI AJAYAGGARWAL

Clariant India Ltd, Mumbai

DR V. G. NAYAK

Directorate of Standardization
New Delhi
In personal

capacity

Housing

Societ~

(Production & Supplies),

(Z Siddhi Vinayak
Swatantrya

CooperativeGroup

Veer

Savarkar

LT-COL(Dn) R. SFIIVASTAVA
LT-CORB. MANJUNATH
(Alternate)
SHRI M. B. DIXIT

Marg,

Prabhadevi, Dada~ Mumba/)

Indian Institute of Carpet Technology,

Indian Jute Industries

Jaya Shree Textiles,

L. N. Chemical

Research Association,

Kolkata

Industries,

SHRI KETANL. GANDHI

Mumbai

DR N. K. MATHUR

Bhilwara

Textile Research Association,

Surat

DR SANDEEPR. NAIK
SHRI M. G. PATEL(A/ternate)
LT-COL P. P. NAIOU
SHRI RAMAYADAV(A/temate)

Ministry of Defence (DGQA), Kanpur

Ministry of Defence (R&D),

SHRI A. K. BANERJEE
SHRIABHEYNAIR
SHRI PAWANSHARMA(Alternate)

FLshra

Maniklal Verma Textile Institute,

Man-Made

PROF(DR) K. K. GOSWAMI
SHRIMATIBETTYDAS GUPTA(Alternate)

Bhadohi

Ms ARCHANA
Vms
(A/ternate)
Ms PRIYANKA
KATIYAR

Kanpur

Office of the Textile Commissioner, Mumbai

SHRI R. A. LAL

Premier Colorscan Instruments Pvt,Ltd, Thane

sHRr

Rajasthan Spinning and Weaving Mills Ltd, Noida

SHRI K. D. JOSHI
SHRIVIJAYYAOAV(Alternate)

Reliance Industries

SHRI 1?K. BADAMI

SHRI SANJEEVISRANI(Alternate)

Ltd, New Delhi

SNDT Womens

University,

Suditi Industries

Ltd, Mumbai

Sunil Industries

DR (Ms) BHARATI
A. PATWAROHAN

Mumbai

SHRI R. CWNRAJ
SHRI RAJENORA
GAIICWAO
(Alternate)
SIIRI VINOC)G. LATH
SHRI RAMESHKHANNA(Alternate)

Ltd, Mumbai

SHRI ULLHASNIMKAR
SHRI RAHULBHAJEKAR
(Alternate)

Texan Lab, Mumbai

Textiles & Engineering

The Bombay Millowners

RAYMONO
RAMRAJI@.R
SHRI D. 1. DESAI(Alternate)

Institute,

Ichalkaranji

Association,

Mumbai

PROFS. K. LAGA
PROFS. S. CHINCHWADE
(Alternate)
SHRIMAHESHSHARMA

l?!!!!!
&

1S/1S0 105-A05

:1996

Representative(s)

Organization
The Bombay Textile Research Association,

SHRI B. S. ACHARYA
SIiRI P. R. MIST~Y (Alternate)

Mumbai

The South India Textile Research Association,

Coimbatore

SHFVD. BALASUERAMANIAN

The

Association,

SHRI K. S. TARAPOREWALA
SHRI D. L. SHAH (Alternate)

Synthetics
Mumbai

University

& Art

Department

Silk

Mills

Research

of Chemical Technology,

Mumbai

PROFM. D. TELI
PROFS. R. SHUKLA(A/ternate)

Veermata Jeejabai Technological

Wool Research Association,
BIS Directorate

General

Institute,

Thane

Mumbai

PROFK. D. GAWAND
SHRIMATI
G. P. RANE
SHRI V.C. PANSE(Alternate)
SHRIM. S. VERW Direotor and Head (TXD)

[RepresentingDlreotorGeneral(Ex-ificioj]
Member Secretary

SHRI ANILKUMAR
Joint Director (Textiles), BIS

E!!!!!!
,.
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of Indian

Standards

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Users of Indian Standards
*

should ascertain

that they are in possession

edition by referring to the latest issue of BIS Catalogue and Standards:

This Indian Standard

Amend

has been developed

from Dot: No. TX 05 (0791).

Amendments

Issued Since Publication

No.

of the latest amendments

or

Monthly Additions.

Date of Issue

Text Affected

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