Rice-Husk Generation in NIckerie, Suriname

Utilizing an abundantly
available Renewable Biomass

Source -Rice Husk- for
generation of Electric Power in
Nickerie
Mr. Sam Mehairjan M.Sc.
Dep. Director Generation & Transmission
Paramaribo, 15 dec 2007 N.V. Energiebedrijven Suriname
1
Utilizing an abundantly available Renewable Biomass Source -Rice Husk-
for generation of Electric Power in Nickerie
Suriname
S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
2
Utilizing an abundantly available Renewable Biomass Source -Rice Husk- for
generation of Electric Power in Nickerie
S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
3
District of Nickerie
- Located in the North-West of Suriname in South America
- Population of approximately 37,000
- Cultivation of rice is the main economic activity
- About 85% of all rice cultivation in Suriname is in the

district of Nickerie
- Other economic activities are bananas, tourism, timber

processing as well as small-scale industrial production
S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
4
Rice Cultivation in the

district of Nickerie
- Approximately 20.000 ha of land is used for rice
cultivation
- Two crops per year, which makes a total of 40.000 ha.
- Currently about 160.000 tons of rice is harvested

annually; this number should grow in the near future
due to more rice cultivation because of higher world-
market prices.
- 43.000 Tons rice-husk is produced annually; this rice

husk is presently being dumped in the rivers or burned
in open air. S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
5
Rice Husk handling

- At present 43000 tons rice husk is produced annually
in the ricemills.
- Rice husk is being considered a waste at the moment

and is dealt with by burning in open air or dumping
in the rivers
- This way of dumping rice husk has been going on for

the past 40 to 50 years polluting the environment
S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
6
Burning of rice husk is taking

place in the open air
Notice the residential housing

in the back being polluted!!
S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
7
Residential houses
CO2 & CH4 gasses
Rice Husk is burning
S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
8
EBS will use this great heap of rice husk to

produce electric power
S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
9
Polluted air, NOx, CO2, fly-ash , silicium etc.
S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
10
Problems arising from

Rice Husk handling
- Air pollution (burning of rice husk in open air).
- People living in the surrounding areas are known to
be suffering from health problems
- Also people are complaining about ash in their
houses
- Environmental problems.
- Methane gas formation when burning rice husk.
- Rivers become very dirty when dumping rice husk.
- Fish dying out in the rivers.
S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
11
Solution to Rice Husk

problems
Rice Husk has a very big potential to be used as a fuel
for generating electrical energy.
Different ways to do this are by gasification or burning
to create steam.
Most used way is in a furnace to create steam with a

steamturbine connected.
In Nickerie an average of 4 MW can be generated in this

way which will be used for base-load generation.
S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
12
Advantages of generating
electricity with Rice Husk
- Less fossil fuels will be used in existing powerstation;
meaning less CO2, SO2 and NOx production.
- Avoidance of methane gas (CH4) produced when

burning rice husk.
- Elimination of rice husk problem in Nickerie
- Generation at a slightly lower cost than HFO (fossil fuel).
S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
13
Advantages of generating
electricity with Rice Husk
- Reduced network and distribution losses due to closer
location of the plant to the customers.
- Generation costs will be less compared to fossil fuels.

4 MW base load represents a generation of 35 GWh/a.
- More than 60 % of the energy demand of ENIC will be

covered with rice husk.
- In the existing powerstation this represents

8.7 million liters fossil fuel that is replaced by ricehusk.
S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
14
Other benefits
• Rice husk has to be made available for this
proposed biomass powerplant.
• Pollution due to burning and dumping of rice husk

will become minimal or extinct.
• More workplaces will be created in the new

powerplant and in the transport business of rice
husk.
• Waterloo will be back to “life”

S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
15
Necessities to build generating

station with Rice Husk
- A big location should be made available for both the
powerplant and storage of the rice husk.
- The existing laws regarding the handling of rice husk

should be changed or enforced (if already available) to
stop burning and dumping of rice husk.
- To make the project feasible, a firm contract should be

signed with the rice-mill owners to have the rice husk
available at no cost.
- The infrastructure for the transport of rice husk to the

powerplant has to be realised. S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
16
Master Flow Chart
S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
17
Example of a furnace in the back
Rice husk Generating plant in India

S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
18
Rice husk furnace
S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
19
Example of Steam turbine with generator coupled to it

S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
20
Possible location for

rice-husk generation in Nickerie
The best location to build the new rice-
husk powerplant is at Waterloo due to:
- Central location for the transport
- Close to high concentration of

customers meaning less voltage drops
and less energy losses and delayed
investment in transmission expansion
S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
21
Existing 12 kV line A
2 x 12 kV lines
appr. 1.5 km or
Waterloo
1 x 33 kV lines
appr. 2 km
S/S
Soekramsinghstraat
Clara
Powerstation
District Nickerie S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
22
Nw. Nickerie
Subst Soekramsing str

36 KV lines
Waterloo Power plant
Centrale Clara
Projected transmission, substation and powerplant S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
23
One-line diagram
33 kV Connection Waterloo to existing grid
36 kV Bus
36 kV Line
Appr. 2 km
D.S./E.S. C.B.
C.B.
Substation
Soekramsinghstraat
D.S./E.S.
36 kV Bus
12 kV Bus
Powerstation G G
at Waterloo S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
24
Advantages of location
Waterloo
- Waterloo close to existing 12 kV lines
- Waterloo close to “existing” 36 kV substation
- Waterloo close to the cities of Nieuw Nickerie,

Paradise and Henar. These cities have the highest
load  less net losses and less voltage drops &
fluctuations
- Waterloo central for transport of Rice Husk
S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
25
Technical data
- 43000 Ton rice husk produced annually; enough
for 4000 kW energy production year round.
- 25 ton of steam production per hour.
- Disposal is about 8.000 ton ash a year which can

be used in the cement or iron (steel) industry.
- Daily transport of rice husk; 50 truckloads at 20m3.
- Bulk density rice husk 128 kg/m3.
- Bricketing gives 400 kg/m3

S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
26
Technical data
- Rice husk caloric value 3500 kcal/kg.
- Fuel consumption 4500 kg/hr.
- Thermal efficiency 80 %
- Steam temp. 440 OC (824 OC)
- Steam pressure 45 kg/cm2 (660 psi)
- Steam production 25 ton/hr (55 klbs/hr)
- Combustion temp. 850 OC
- Inlet steam flow 16 ton/hr
S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
27
Technical data
- Burning value Rice husk 12.6 – 14.2 MJoule/kg
HFO 38 MJoule/kg
- Output 4000 kW
- Speed 1500 rpm
- Alternator 12500 V / 60 Hz
- 1.000 kWh electricity requires 1250 kgs rice husk
- Year generation 8000 hrs x 4000 kW = 32 GWh
- Necessary 32000000 kWh x 1250 kg = 40000 tons
rice husk annually
S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
28
History of rice husk power

generation in Suriname
- In 1985 Wageningen was the pioneer in using rice
husk for power generation.
- In Wageningen a “Combined heat cycle system”

was used, output 500 – 800 kW.
- At Waterloo a “Condensing Turbine” will be used.

First stage only for electrical power. Later stage
also for steam generation for nearby rice mills for
better efficiency.
S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
29
Project cost appr. US$ 15 million

Engineering time 7 months
Execution time 2 years
S. Mehairjan M.Sc.
30
31
EBS Managemant Team
32
Thank You !!
Questions??
Mr. S. Mehairjan M.Sc.

December 2007
33

Rice-Husk Generation in NIckerie, Suriname

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Utilizing an abundantly

available Renewable Biomass

- Population of approximately 37,000

- Cultivation of rice is the main economic activity

- About 85% of all rice cultivation in Suriname is in the

- Other economic activities are bananas, tourism, timber

Rice Cultivation in the

- Two crops per year, which makes a total of 40.000 ha.

- Currently about 160.000 tons of rice is harvested

- 43.000 Tons rice-husk is produced annually; this rice

Rice Husk handling

- Rice husk is being considered a waste at the moment

- This way of dumping rice husk has been going on for

Burning of rice husk is taking

Notice the residential housing

CO2 & CH4 gasses

Rice Husk is burning

EBS will use this great heap of rice husk to

Polluted air, NOx, CO2, fly-ash , silicium etc.

Problems arising from

Solution to Rice Husk

Most used way is in a furnace to create steam with a

In Nickerie an average of 4 MW can be generated in this

- Avoidance of methane gas (CH4) produced when

- Elimination of rice husk problem in Nickerie

- Generation at a slightly lower cost than HFO (fossil fuel).

- Generation costs will be less compared to fossil fuels.

- More than 60 % of the energy demand of ENIC will be

- In the existing powerstation this represents

• Pollution due to burning and dumping of rice husk

• More workplaces will be created in the new

• Waterloo will be back to “life”

Necessities to build generating

- The existing laws regarding the handling of rice husk

- To make the project feasible, a firm contract should be

- The infrastructure for the transport of rice husk to the

Example of a furnace in the back

Rice husk Generating plant in India

Rice husk furnace

Example of Steam turbine with generator coupled to it

Possible location for

- Central location for the transport

- Close to high concentration of

District Nickerie S. Mehairjan M.Sc.

Subst Soekramsing str

Waterloo Power plant

- Waterloo close to “existing” 36 kV substation

- Waterloo close to the cities of Nieuw Nickerie,

- Waterloo central for transport of Rice Husk

- 25 ton of steam production per hour.

- Disposal is about 8.000 ton ash a year which can

- Daily transport of rice husk; 50 truckloads at 20m3.

- Bulk density rice husk 128 kg/m3.

- Bricketing gives 400 kg/m3

History of rice husk power

- In Wageningen a “Combined heat cycle system”

- At Waterloo a “Condensing Turbine” will be used.

Project cost appr. US$ 15 million

Mr. S. Mehairjan M.Sc.

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