Endocrine test questions 2005

1 Pituitary gland questions (anterior and posterior)

The pituitary gland is below the ________.
a. pineal gland
b. hypothalamus
c. thalamus
d. pons
answer: b
Which of the following is not a hormone of the anterior pituitary gland:
a. growth hormone
b. prolactin
c. leutinizing hormone
d. oxytoxin
answer: d
Which is not a function of oxytoxin:
a. cause morning sickness
b. helps contract uterus smooth muscle
c. secrete milk after birth
d. function increases closer to time of birth
answer: a
Which section communicates largely with the hypothalamus:
a. anterior
b. superior
c. posterior
d. inferior
answer: c
Which gland is not caused to function by the anterior pituitary gland:
a. adrenal
b. ovaric
c. bladder
d. thyroid
answer: c
7 anterior pituitary
1. Which hormone only functions in women?
a. prolactin
b. thyroid-stimulating hormone
c. endorphins
d. luteinizing hormone
answer: a. prolactin
2. What is another name for the anterior pituitary gland?
a. actodenysis
b. adenocorticotropic
c. adenohypophysis
d. hypothalamus
answer: c. adenohypophysis

3. Where is the pituitary gland located?

a. base of the brain stem
b. beneath the hypothalamus
c. in the inner ear
d. the center of the cerebrum
answer: b. beneath the hypothalamus
4. What happens if there is an underfunction of the anterior pituitary gland?
a. giantism
b. hydrocephalis
c. death
d. dwarfism and decrease of activity in other glands
answer: d. dwarfism and decrease of activity in other glands
5. What does Luteinizing Hormone do in men and women?
a. men supports sperm production, women promotes egg development
b. men promotes lutein production, women promotes lutein production
c. men stimulates interstitial cells of testes to produce sex hormones,
women induces ovulation, promotes the ovarian secretion of estrogens and
progestins, prepares the body for pregnancy
d. men promotes melanin production, women promotes melanin production
answer: c. men stimulates interstitial cells of testes to produce sex hormones,
women induces ovulation, promotes the ovarian secretion of estrogens and
progestins, prepares the body for pregnancy
2 Anterior Pituitary Gland
1. The Pituitary Gland is the size of a:
a. Pea *
b. cantaloupe
c. grape
d. kiwi
2. The Anterior Pituitary Gland is composed mostly of cells that secrete
a. calcium
b. hypophyseal hormones
c. protein hormones *
d. trophic hormones
3. What has the biggest effect on the hormones of the pituitary gland?
a. Pregnancy *
b. puberty
c. fetal development
d. drug use
4. The effects of underfunction include a decrease in endocrine gland functions
and
a. fatigue
b. mood swings
c. elephantitis
d. dwarfism *

5. The release of the seven hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary gland are
controlled by which gland?
a. Adrenal
b. Hypothalamic *
c. Thyroid
d. Posterior Pituitary
(* : correct answer)
6 Anterior Pituitary Gland Questions
1. Where is the Anterior Pituitary Gland located?
a. Between the lungs.
b. In the sella turcica at the base of the brain.
c. In the pancreatic islets.
d. On the gonads.
2. All of the following are general functions of the Pituitary Gland EXCEPT:
a. Growth
b. Breast Milk Production
c. Hair growth
d. Thyroid Function
3. The Hormone secreted by the Anterior Pituitary Gland that stimulates the
mammary gladsto produce milk is the:
a. Luteinizing Hormone
b. Growth Hormone
c. Thyroid-stimulating Hormone
d. Prolactin
4. Where does the Anterior Pituitary Gland receive releasing hormones from?
a. the hypothalamus
b. the medulla
c. Brocas area
d. the thymus
5. The Growth Hormone
a. stimulates growth and cell reproduction in only humans.
b. stimulates growth and cell reproduction in only humans and other vertebrate
animals.
c. is only secreted during the sleep hours of the circadian rhythm.
d. none of the above.
ANSWERS:
1: b
2: c
3: d
4: a

5: b
2 Post Pit Test Questions
1. The general function of the posterior pituitary gland is to:
a. stimulate bone growth
b. store and later release hormones
c. control movement of the iris
d. help to produce calcium
2. All of the following affect the level of Antidiuretic hormone except:
a. dehydration
b. nicotine
c. alcohol
d. sugar
3. The basic function of Oxytocin is to:
a. stimulate contraction of smooth muscle during birth and feeding
b. stimulate restriction of blood flow to the brain during sleep
c. inhibit the production of sweat during extreme temperatures
d. inhibit the production of saliva
4. The two hormones produced by the cell bodies of the secretory neurons for the
posterior pituitary gland are:
a. Oxytocin and Adrenaline
b. Oxytocin and Antidiuretic hormone
c. Adrenaline and Antidiphoretic hormone
d. Adrenaline and Estrogen
5. Dehydration is:
a. loss of blood due to hemorrhaging
b. an excessive amount of H2O in the blood
c. the process of perspiration
d. low water concentration in the blood
Answers: 1.B 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.D
6 Post Pituitary Gland Test Questions
1. The pituitary gland is located in the _________.
a. Digestive tract
b. Ovaries
c. Heart
d. Brain
2. How many hormones does the pituitary gland secrete?
a. 2

b. 6
c. 9
d. 1
3. What hormones does the pituitary gland secrete?
a. Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
b. Numerous hormones
c. Oxytocin, and Antidiuretic hormone
d. Testosterone, Estrogen, and Progestin
4. Which hormone is inhibited by Alcohol?
a. Testosterone
b. Oxytocin
c. ADH
d. Epinephrine
5. What is the Pituitary gland sometimes referred as?
a. The Weak gland
b. The Secondary gland
c. The Imaginary gland
d. The Master gland
1.D 2.A 3.C 4.C 5. D
7 Pineal Gland Questions
1. Which of the following is NOT a function of melatonin?
a. Inhibits reproduction functions
b. Protects against sunlight
c. Protects against damage from free radicals
d. Sets Circadian Rhythms

2. Where is the Pineal Gland located?

a. Roof of the thalamus
b. Posterior portion of the roof of the third ventricle
c. A and B
d. None of the above
3. Which of the following is NOT contained in the pineal gland?
a. Neurons
b. Keratin
c. Neuroglia
d. Pinealocytes
4. Melatonin production is:
a. Highest during daylight hours and lowest at night
b. Always constant
c. Lowest during daylight hours and highest at night
d. Not produced in the pineal gland
5. Melatonin reduces the maturation rate of sperm/occytes by reducing the rate of
what secretion?
a. Pinealocytes
b. GnRH
c. PnGH
d. None of the above
6 Pineal Gland
Q: When is the majority of melatonin secreted?
a. The afternoon
b. Summer
c. Evening
d. Night
A: D. The answer is at night
Q: The pineal gland is roughly the size of:
a. A Cow
b. A Pea
c. A Walnut
d. A Green Bean
A: B. The answer is a pea
Q: The pineal gland most likely would affect:
a. Jet Lag
b. Hunger
c. Emotion
d. Pain
A: A. The answer is Jet Lag
Q: Which is not a general function of the pineal gland?
a. Biorhythms
b. Disease prevention
c. Sexual desire
d. Skin pigmentation

A: C. The answer is sexual desire.

Q: Where is the pineal gland located?
a. Cerebrum
b. Cerebellum
c. Hypothalamus
d. Thalamus
A: C. The answer is hypothalamus
1Questions For the Adrenal Glands
1) The Adrenal Glands are located above what?
a. Bladder
b. Lungs
c. Kidney
2) The Adrenal Cortex produces what three main Hormones?
a. Corticosteroids, Aldosterone and Androgenic
b. White Blood cells, Ach, and Bone Marrow.
c. Glycogen, Cholinestrase, Calcium
3) What 2 hormones are created in the adrenal medulla?
a. Glucocorticoids and aldosterone
b. Norepinephrine and Epinephrine
c.Testosterone and estrogen
4) Which part of the Adrenal gland sends epinephrine and norepinephrine in
response to stressful situations?
a. Adrenal Cortex
b. Medula oblongota
c. Adrenal Medula
5) Epinephrine release causes what changes in the body to occur:
a. Increase White Blood cell production
a. Increase heart rate and force of contractions
b. Lowers the amount of impulses sent to CNS

6 The Adrenal Gland-Test Questions

1. Where is the Adrenal gland located?
a. On the top side of both kidneys

2.

3.

4.

5.

b. At the base of the brain

c. Just medial of the heart
d. On the bottom of the lungs
What are the two parts of the adrenal gland?
a. Inferior and Superior Adrenal Renins
b. Cortex and Medulla
c. Borealit and Junctor
d. Antero-lateral and Antero-medial Cruciates
Generally, what do the hormones secreted by the Adrenal gland affect?
a. The rate at which dead cells decompose
b. The rate of metabolism in many cells
c. The size of dilation the pupils
d. The speed of nerve impulse
Which of these is not a function/effect of Epinephrine (Adrenaline)?
a. Increased cardiac activity
b. Control of glycogen breakdown
c. Release of lipids by adipose tissue
d. Controls the nerve impulse
What other Gland produces the same androgens as the adrenal gland?
a. The pituitary gland
b. The Thymus
c. The Testis
d. The Pineal Gland

Answers:
1. A 2. B
7 Adrenal

3. B

4. D

5. C

1. Where is the adrenal gland located?

a. Kidney
b. Pancreas
c. Liver
d. Throat
2. There are two parts to the adrenal glands, which parts are they?
a. Medulla oblongata and mid brain
b. Superficial adrenal cortex and inner medulla cortex
c. Melenocytes and calcitnol
d. Antogen and immunoglobulin
2. What is a hormone produced by the Adrenal gland?
a. Glucose
b. Glycocorticoids
c. Inhibin
d. Somontomadins
3. What sex hormone does the Adrenal gland produce?

a.
b.
c.
d.

Mineralocorticoids
Norepinephrine
Androgens
Cortisone

4. What cells does the hormone epinephrine target?

a. Kidneys
b. Stomach
c. Most cells
d. None of the above
7 Parathyroid Gland
Answers in bold
1) What kind of cells produce parathyroid hormone (PTH)?
a) chief cells
b) parathynotic cells
c) thyroid cells
d) C cells
2) What is the general function of the parathyroid gland?
a) Restores Calcium homeostasis by decreasing Calcium concentrations in
body fluid
b) Restores Potassium homeostasis by decreasing Potassium concentrations
in body fluid
c) Restores Potassium homeostasis by increasing Potassium concentrations
in body fluid
d) Restores Calcium homeostasis by increasing Calcium concentrations
in body fluid
3) What organs does parathyroid hormone mainly target?
a) bone and intestine
b) thyroid and liver
c) bone and kidney
d) thyroid and kidney
4) What specifically does parathyroid hormone do to maintain homeostasis?
a) stimulates osteoclasts
b) inhibits osteoblasts
c) reduces urinary excretion of Calcium
d) all of the above
5) What is the disease where one of four parathyroid glands becomes an enlarged,
benign tumor, producing too much Calcium to maintain good homeostasis?
a) hypoparathyroidism
b) hyperparathyroidism
c) parathyroid cancer
d) basophilism
2 Parathyroid

1. What is the normal range of calcium in the blood?

a. 5 -10ml/dl
b. 1.5 - 4ml/dl
c. 8.5- 11ml/dl
d. 7-15.5ml/dl
2. The parathyroid gland produces parathyroid
.
a. calcium
b. hormone
c. blood
d. substance
3. The parathyroid gland is located
to the thyroid gland.
a. anterior
b. lateral
c. superior
d. posterior
4.
is the condition where there is increased calcium in the blood.
a. Hypoparathyriodism
b. Hyperparathyriodism
c. Cretinism
d. Pituitary Dwarfism
5. The parathyroid hormone release
into the bloodstream.
a. calcium
b. adrenaline
c. peptides
d. hormones
1TEST QUESTIONS PARATHYROID GLAND
1. What is the general function of the parathyroid gland? (c)
a. Mature t-cells for immune system
b. Maintains iron levels in blood
c. Maintains the concentration of calcium ions in blood
d. Increase levels of calcium in bones
2. Which of the following is a process of the parathyroid gland? (b)
a. Monitor blood circulation
b. Mobilization of calcium from bone
c. Enriches blood in muscle fibers
d. Controls body fat

3. What do phosphate ions have to do with the parathyroid gland?

(b)
a. As phosphate ions increase calcium levels increase
b. Phosphate ions decrease so calcium ions increase
c. Phosphate ions must be equal to calcium ions
d. Calcium ions decrease so phosphate ions increase
4. Where are the parathyroid glands located? (d)
a. Above the heart
b. In the base of the brain
c. Next to the kidneys
d. In the neck
5. What causes violent muscle spasms concerning the parathyroid
gland? (b)
a. Excess secretion of parathormone
b. Under secretion of parathormone
c. Phosphate ions and calcium ions are unbalanced
d. Calcium levels in bones are too high
6 Parathyroid questions
1. The parathyroid is responsible for controlling ________________ in the blood
stream.
A. oxygen level
B. calcium level
C. water level
D. phosphorous level
2. The parathyroid is made up of _________ cells.
A. Parathyroid
B. Gland
C. Tissue
D. Chief
3. What kind of hormone do the parathyroids make?

A. Parathyroid
B. Calcium
C. Serotinin
D. Adrenaline
4. What endocrine gland is four separate small glands in the neck?
A. Thyroid
B. Thalamus
C. Parathyroid
D. Hypothalamus
5. The parathyroid creates PTH when calcium levels are too _____?
A.
B.
C.
D.

Low
High
Equal
Slow

2 Thymus
1. Where is the Thymus Gland located?
A. In the midbrain
B. In the abdomen
C. In the chest, behind the sternum
D. By the brainstem
2. What is the Thymus Gland a maturation site for?
A. B cells
B. T cells
C. NK cells
D. Z cells
3. What hormone does the Thymus Gland secrete?
A. Thymosin
B. Thyroxine
C. Glucagons
D. Melatonin
4. After what age does the Thymus Gland atrophy (shrink)?
A. 2 years
B. 40 years
C. 20 years
D. puberty
5. What system is the Thymus Gland associated with?
A. Immune System
B. Circulatory System

C. Digestive System
D. Nervous System
1. C

2. B

3. A

4. D

5. A

6 Thymus
Which hormone stimulates luteinizing hormone and gonadtropin releasing hormone?
a. thymosin
b. thymulin
c. THF
d. Thymopoietin
A: a
What is the function of THF?
a. affects mature T-lymphocytes
b. affects T-lymphocyte differentiation
c. enhances production of IL-2
d. stimulates pituitary gland hormones
A: c
How many different hormones does the thymus produce?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
A: d
How much does the thymus weigh at birth
a. .5 ounce
b. 2 ounce
c. 3 ounces
d. 6 ounces
A. a
Lymphocytes originate from
a.
b.
c.
d.

hemocytes
haemocytoblasts
thymosin
actin

A. B
1Thymus
1. What does the blood-thymus barrier do?

a.)
b.)
c.)
d.)

Located in the brain the thymus is isolated by both the BBB and the bloodthymus barrier
Creates membranes around the blood vessels in the thymus
Isolates lymphatic cells within the thymus, from the outer blood stream
All of the above

2. Where is the thymus located?

a.)
In the mediastinum
b.)
In the brain
c.)
Above the heart
d.)
Both a and c are correct
3. What is the main function of the thymus?
a.)
Stem cell differentiation
b.)
Lymphocyte division
c.)
The maturation of T-cells
d.)
All of the above
4. The collective term for lymphatic hormones is:
a.)
thymosin
b.)
lymphosins
c.)
thyomosins
d.)
emphaticsins
5. What are Hassalls corpuscles?
a.)
Areas of the brain that affects immunities
b.)
Clusters of tissue in thymus medullas
c.)
They maintain concentration of Ca 2+ ions in blood
d.)
Located just above the thymus, aids in lymphocyte transportation
Answers:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

C
D
D
C
B

7 Thymus
1)What does the thymus do?
a) Produce tears
b) Produce thymosins
c) Increases reabsorption
d) Increases cardiac activity
2) What color is the thymus gland?
a) Pink and gray

b) Yellow
c) Red
d) Purple
3) When does thymus reaches its maximum absolutely size
a) After puberty
b) Just before puberty
c) The first year or two after birth
d) Adulthood
4) What are hormonal effects of thymus?
a) Increases water and salt loss at kidney s
b) Coordinate digestive activities
c) Coordinate and regulate immune response
d) Stimulate red blood cells production
5) Where is the thymus located?
a) In the stomach
b) Abdominopelvic cavity
c) In the kidneys
d) In the mediastinum posterior to sternum
2 Pancreas
1. Which hormone do the alpha cells produce?
a. Insulin
b. Adrenaline
c. Glucogen
d. Pancreatic amino acid
2. The release of insulin from the beta cells stimulates what response?
a. Oxygenates the red blood cells
b. Glucose transportation into target cells
c. Immobilizes the transportation of glucose
d. Stops the breaking down of amino acids
3. The pancreas is located between the
a. Livers and small intestine
b. Kidney and large intestine
c. Stomach and liver
d. Small intestine and stomach
4. What types of tissue does the pancreas contain?
a. Endocrine tissue
b. Exocrine tissue
c. Nodular tissue
d. Both a and b

5. Which illness is greatly related to the pancreas?

a. Osteoporosis
b. Diabetes
c. Parkinsons Disease
d. Rigor Mortis
6 Pancreas
1.What are the three major cells in the Pancreas?
a. Gamma, delta, alpha
b. Alpha, beta, delta
c. Delta, sigma, alpha
2. Where is the pancreas located?
a. First part of the large intestines right after the stomach
b. First part of the small intestines right after the small intestines
3. What does glucagon do?
a. Assists in digestion within the stomach
b. Helps central water secretion and absorption from the intestines
c Assist insulin in regulating blood glucose (sugar) in hormonal range
4. Where are the islets of langerhans?
a. Exocrine areas
b. Secretion areas
c. Endocrine areas
5. What do alpha cells produce?
a. Glucagon
b. Gastrin
c. Vasoactive--Intestinal Peptide
1 Testes/ovaries
What is the mane hormone secreted from the testicles?
Estrogen
testosterone
adrenalin
amphilions
What does the ovaries produce
Estrigen
Testosterone

adrenalin

Where are the testicles located.

Behind the knee
near the stomach
Which of these does testosterone NOT do

amohilions

in the scrotum

Maturation of sperm cells.

Male secondary characteristics

Which of these proceses does estrogen actually do.

Secondary sexual characteristics
stimulates heart rate
What Is Inhibin
Inhibits fsh
sexual hormone

inhibits FSH
makes you stop growing

steroids

IS inhibin in males and females

Yes

No

sometimes

What hormone is involved with preparation of giving bearth.

Estrogen testosterone
heoplicids bearthhormone
2 Testes/ovaries
1. Where is the location of the overies and testes?
A. The Overies are located in the pelvic cavity. The testes are in the gallbladder.
B. The Overies are located in the scrotum. The testes are located in the pelvic
area.
C. The overies are located in the pelvic cavity. The testes are located in the
scrotum.
2. What hormones are secreated by the testes?
A. Estrogen and Testosterone
B. Progesterone and Testosterone
C. Testasterone and Inhibin
3. What hormones are secreated by the overies?
A. Estrogen, Progesterone, and Relaxin
B. Inhibine
C. Testasterone and Estrogen
D. Both A and B
4. Which hormone released by he overies relaxes the pubic symphysin and helps dilate
the uterine cervix toward the end of pregnancy?
A. Estrogen
B. Inhibin
C. Progesterone
D. Relaxin
5. What hormone does the overies and the Testes both produce?

A. Inhibin
B. Progesteron
C. Testosterone
Answer Key:
1. C
2. C
3. D
4. D
5. A
6 Testes/ovaries
1) Q: What are the two main hormones secreted by the ovaries?
a. Estrogen and Progesterone
b. Testosterone and Estrogen
c. Progesterone and Testosterone
2) Q: What is Progesterone supposed to balance out?
a. Testosterone
b. Insulin
c. Estrogen
3) Which effect is NOT caused by the hormone Progesterone?
a. Increases libido at time of ovulation
b. Causes anxiety
c. Normalizes blood clotting
What effects metabolic operation throughout the body?
-Testosterone
-Androgens
-FSH
Testosterone increases________ and _________growth in the body?
- Skeletal and Muscular
- Muscular and nervous
- Nervous and skeletal
What is the general function of the testes?
- Growth and reproduction
- Reproduction and mind
- Growth and FSH
What doses FSH stand for?
-Follicle Stimulating Hormone
-First Step Hormone
- Fish Standing High

2 The Thyroid Gland

1. Where is the thyroid located?
a.
b.
c.
d.

Behind the stomach

In front of the neck
On the occipital lobe
Above the kidneys

2. What does Calcitonin affect?

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

The kidneys
Bones
The Nervous system
A and B are correct
All of the above

3. How many hormones does the thyroid gland secrete?

a.
b.
c.
d.

seven
two
three
one

4. What is Thyroxine also known as?

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

Triiodothyronine
Tetraiodothyronine
T4
B and C are correct
All of the above

5. What does Calcitonin cause?

a.
b.
c.
d.
6 thyroid

A decrease in bone density

An increase in bone density
A decrease in calcium concentrations
An increase in calcium concentrations
1. The hormones of the thyroid control
A. metabolism
B. growth
C. development
D. all of the above
2. The thyroid gland produces how much T4?

A. 20%
B. 65%
C. 80%

3. What is the thyroid called when it is enlarged?

A. goiter
B. enlarged thyroid
C. none of the above
4. What cells are the only ones that can absorb iodine?
A. red blood cells
B. white blood cells
C. thyroid cells
D. all of the above
5. How many branches of tubes branch off and wrap around the trachea?
A. 5
B. 3
C. 2
D. 6
7 Thyroid Test Questions:
(Answers in italics)
1. Which one is NOT a symptom of hypothyroidism?
a. fatigue
b. weight gain
c. feeling cold
d. shaking
2. Which one is NOT a symptom of hyperthyroidism?
a. feeling hot
b. weight loss
c. shaking
d. constipation
3. Which hormone causes a decrease in the calcium concentration in the blood?
a. thyroxine
b. Calcitonin
c. Triiodothyronine
d. All of the above
4. Which hormone speeds up the bodys metabolism?
a. Triiodothyronine
b. Calcitonin
c. Thyroxine
d. All of the Above
5. Where is the thyroid located?
a. lower neck
b. below Larynx

c. just above the Clavicle

d. All of the above