Chinnakada Underpass

Chinnakkada Underpass
KERALA
SUSTAINABLE
URBAN
DEVELOPMENT
PROJECT
Package No. KLM-RT-01-C
INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION

REPORT
Project Implementation Unit, KSUDP Kollam Municipal Corporation
INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION REPORT
Table of Contents
1.
Introduction
10
2.
Need for the project
10
Level of Environmental Examination
11
Current Regulatory Provisions
12
Location and Layout
14
Subproject Component Description
16
City Environmental Settings
19
7.1
Physical Features
20
7.2
Climate
20
7.3
Land Use
20
7.4
Socio Economic
21
7.5
Tourism
21
7.6
Population
22
7.7
Forest
22
Site Environmental Setting
22
8.1
Air Quality
22
8.2
Noise
24
8.3
Topography and Soil
24
8.4
Geology
24
8.5
Surface Water
24
8.6
Ground Water
25
8.7
Ecological Resource
25
9 Screening of Potential Environmental Impacts and Mitigation
26
9.1
Cultural Heritage
27
9.2
Loss of Household, Business Premises or Livelihood
27
9.3
Ground Water Contamination
27
Kerala Sustainable Urban Development Project | PIU Kollam
9.4
Existence of Surface Water Source
28
9.5
Loss of Amenity
28
9.6
Removal of Trees
28
9.7
Silt Runoff from Construction
28
9.8
Social Conflict Between Workers
28
9.9
Noise, Dust or Hazardous Materials
29
9.10
Improper Disposal of Waste by Workers
29
9.11
Indiscriminate Disposal of debris/Silt
29
9.12
Exposure of Workers to Contaminated Site
30
9.13
Work Safety Measures
30
9.14
Traffic Management Safety
31
10
Forecasting Environmental Impact and Mitigation
32
11
Environment Management Plan
34
12
Institutional Requirements and Environmental Monitoring Plan
38
13
Environmental Monitoring Plan
39
14
Period of Implementation
40
15
Benefits of the Project
40
16
Community Consultation and Information Disclosure
40
16.1 Grievance Redressal Mechanism
40
17
Findings, Recommendations
41
18
Conclusions
41
List of Tables
Table 1
Environmental Compliance Requirements of the Sub-Project
14
Table: 2
Land Use of Kollam Municipal Corporation
21
Table :3
Baseline Ambient Air Quality at Kadappakkada
23
Table :4
Baseline Ambient Air Quality at Chinnakkada
23
Table :5
Noise Level near Clock tower at Chinnakkada
24
Table :6
Ground Water Quality at Kureepuzha
25
Table :7
Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures
32
Table :8
Environmental Management Plan
35
Table :9
Environmental Monitoring Plan
39
List of Annexure
Annexure : I
Budget for Environment Monitoring Plan
43
Annexure : II
Detailed Budget bases on the Environment Management Plan
44
Annexure : III
Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) (checklist)
46
Annexure : IV
Annexure : V
Public Consultation
Sub Project work in media
50
56
Annexure : VI
Proceedings of GRC
57
List of Fig
Figures
Figure : 1
Map of Kerala
15
Figure : 2
Kollam District Map
15
Figure : 3
Lay out of Chinnakkada underpass
16
Figure : 4
Plan and profile of the proposed Chinnakkada underpass (ROB)
18
Figure : 5
Plan and profile of the proposed Chinnakkada underpass
19
ABBREVIATIONS & ACRONYMS
ADB
- Asian Development Bank
Ac
- Acre
BOD
- Biochemical Oxygen Demand
CPHEEO
- Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organization
CPCB
- Central Pollution Control Board
- Degree Celsius
DG
- Diesel Generator
DPR
- Detailed Project Report
DSC
- Design and Supervision Consultant
EIA
- Environmental Impact Assessment
EMP
- Environment Management Plan
EARF
- Environmental Assessment and Review Framework
GoK
- Government of Kerala
GSI
- Geological Survey of India
Ha
- Hectare
IEE
- Initial Environmental Examination
IPP
-Investment Program Preparation
km
- Kilometer
KSUDP
- Kerala Sustainable Urban Development Project
KSPCB
- Kerala State Pollution Control Board
KWA
- Kerala Water Authority
KMC
- Kollam Municipal Corporation
LSGD
- Local Self Government Department
LSGDU
- Local Self Government Department (Urban)
- Metre
m2
- Square metre
m3
- cubic meter
m3 / hr
- cubic meter per hours
max.
- Maximum
mld/ MLD
- Million Liters per Day
mm
- Millimeter
mg/l
- Milligram per litre
MSL
- Mean Sea Level
MoEF
- Ministry of Environment and Forest
NA
- Not Applicable
O&M
- Operation and Maintenance
PIU
- Project Implementation Unit
PMU
- Project Management Unit
PS
- Pumping Station
PPTA
- Project Preparatory Technical Assistance
Rs.
- Rupees
Sq.km
- Square kilometer
SPM
- Suspended Particulate Matter
SS
- Suspended solids
SWD
- Storm Water Drainage
TA
- Technical Assistance
TSS
- Total Suspended Solid
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Kerala Sustainable Urban Development Project (KSUDP) covers the five Municipal
Corporations of the State namely Thiruvananthapuram, Kollam, Kochi, Thrissur and
Kozhikode. The project aims to improve and expand the urban infrastructure and
services in these cities. The rehabilitation, improvement and expansion of the following
municipal services are taken up under the project: Water supply, Sewerage and
sanitation, Drainage, Municipal solid waste management, Urban roads.
An IEE is initial examination of potential environmental impacts of the proposed activities
of a project. The IEE identifies any potential environmental impacts under different
stages of the sub-project implementation and includes environmental management and
monitoring plans for the various components. It also describes the appropriate
institutional framework to ensure proper implementation of the environmental
safeguards.
The sub-project "Underpass at Chinnakkada in Kollam Municipal Corporation (KMC)
includes construction of an underpass to the existing Railway Over Bridge at
Chinnakkada. The project was conceived to alleviate the traffic congestion at
Chinnakkada and to facilitate easy movement of the traffic.
Though the sub-project aims to improve the free flow of traffic which is beneficial to the
public, certain activities involved during various phases of the project may have potential
to cause certain negative environmental impacts. These impacts may arise during
implementation and operation phase and may also arise after end of operation period.
The initial environmental examination (IEE) is conducted for the sub-project to identify
these negative impacts of the sub-project based on the scale and magnitude of activities
coupled with the environmental setting of the project location and to develop appropriate
environmental management plan (EMP) to be incorporated in the design and
implementation to ensure that the sub-project is unlikely to cause any negative impacts.
The Sub-project was appraised by the funding agency ADB during PPTA (Project
Preparatory Technical Assistance) and had judged to have some adverse environmental
impacts but of lesser degree and/or significance and has categorized as B. An initial
environmental examination (lEE) is required to determine whether significant
environmental impacts warranting an EIA are likely. If an EIA is not needed, the lEE is
regarded as the final environmental assessment report. A subproject is categorized as
Category B Sensitive if that sub-project has environmentally sensitive components
Category - A projects are those having significant environmental impact and that
requires a full -fledged Environmental Impact Assessment Study. Category C are those
projects unlikely to cause any environmental impacts.
The sub-project location is at Kollam and the site is Chinnakkada junction. The
underpass is at chainage 0+165m from the fuel station near Chinnakkada traffic island.
The proposed underpass consists of a two lane vehicular underpass to the Railway Over
Bridge approach road at Chinnakkada. The approach road to the underpass and post the
underpass in chainage 0+270m will be built new and approach road of ROB will be
rebuilt with pre-cast Reinforced Earth Panel side walls as it has to be dismantled for the
construction
Initially the height of the underpass opening was 5 m and now as per the direction of
regulatory authorities the height had to be increased to 5.5 m which is a slight change in
the original scope of the work and as per ADBs policy requirement when a sub-projects
scope of work changes an IEE is to be carried out or to be revised to assess the
environmental implications if any of the project due to the change in scope of the work.
Environmental settings of the sub-project area in terms of ambient air, noise, vegetation
etc were established, analyzed and screened. The screening for environmental impacts
is done in all the four phases of the project; viz. planning, design, construction, operation
and maintenance.
There are chances of noise, dust and emission of hazardous materials during
construction activities. The operation of generators, mixing plants, earth movers as well
as the construction activities may cause dust and noise pollution. It will be ensured that
the plant and equipments employed in the construction will comply fully with
environmental standards. Regular wetting of stock piles of sand and jelly will be ensured
to reduce dust emission. Dust curtain will be provided to the construction site. No
emission of any hazardous materials anticipated.
The main purpose of KSUDP is to improve urban environmental conditions. As such,
there are many environmental benefits to the proposed subproject. However potential
short and long term adverse environmental impacts are anticipated. It takes the
subproject components with identified environmental consequences and considers them
in the context of the receiving environment.
Mitigation measures are proposed with recommended monitoring actions to be
conducted during implementation to minimize any adverse environmental impacts. The
mitigation measures will form the basis for an environmental monitoring plan during the
implementation stages of KSUDP projects.
Based on the forecasting of the environment impacts due to the subproject an
environment Management Plan is prepared for various components of the project. More
over responsibility of implementing the mitigation measures were fixed and agencies
responsible for carrying out the measures were identified.
Major environmental issues identified are the air pollution and enhanced noise level
during the construction and operational phases of the subproject. An Environmental
Monitoring Plan is prepared for the subproject. The monitoring plan presents the
recommended environmental monitoring activities
The executing agency for KSUDP subprojects is the Local Self Government Department
(LSGD) and has established a Project Management Unit (PMU) for this purpose. The
project implementation Unit of KSUDP established in Kollam Municipal Corporation is in
charge of executing the project and monitors the implementation of Environment
Management Plan.
No significant/potential adverse impacts are anticipated on the environment due to the
proposed project and there are no ecological sensitive issues of concern at the site.
There is no biosphere reserve, National Park, Wild life, Bird sanctuary, Tiger or elephant
reserve, mangrove areas, habitat of important migratory birds/animals,
reserve/protected areas, zoological/botanical gardens within 10 km radius of the
proposed site.
It is concluded that the sub-project will have a temporary impact on the environment
during the construction phase but with the implementation of Environment Management
Plan the potential impacts can be negotiated to a very great extent. The IEE was carried
out to assess whether the change in scope of the work ie., due to increase in height of
the underpass opening there would be any cumulative effect on the potential impact but
it is ruled out as the minor change in height will no way affect or increase the quantum of
impact when considering the sub-project as a whole.
Initial Environment Examination Report

Chinnakkada Underpass, Kollam Package No. KLMKLM-RTRT-0101-C
1. Introduction
Kerala Sustainable Urban Development Project (KSUDP) covers the five Municipal Corporations
of the State namely Thiruvananthapuram, Kollam, Kochi, Thrissur and Kozhikode. The project
aims to improve and expand the urban infrastructure and services in these cities. The
rehabilitation, improvement and expansion of the following municipal services will be taken up
under the project.
Water supply
Sewerage and sanitation
Drainage
Municipal solid waste management and
Urban roads
An IEE is initial examination of potential environmental impacts of the proposed activities
of a project. The IEE identifies any potential environmental impacts under different
stages of the sub-project implementation and includes environmental management and
monitoring plans for the various components. It also describes the appropriate
institutional framework to ensure proper implementation of the environmental
safeguards.
The sub-project "Underpass at Chinnakkada in Kollam Municipal Corporation (KMC)
includes construction of an underpass to the existing Railway Over Bridge at
Chinnakkada. The project was conceived to alleviate the traffic congestion at
Chinnakkada and to facilitate easy movement of the traffic.
2. Need for the subprojec
subproject
Being the prime location of the city, during peak hours the traffic at Chinnakkada
Junction gets terribly congested due to the crossing of the beach road and other access
roads to commercial centers of the area from the NH-66(NH-47 renamed) at
Chinnakkada junction. Road blocks are frequent on this stretch which made the project
10
authorities to think upon an alternative provision to manage the heavy traffic at this busy
intersection. An underpass in two lanes to the approach road of the Railway Over Bridge
at Chinnakkada will create a new carriage way that joins the beach road ahead away
from the present intersection at Chinnakkada. It will also facilitate free flow of traffic on
the National Highway 66.
3. Level
Level of Environmental Examination
Though the sub-project aims to improve the free flow of traffic which is beneficial to the
public, certain activities involved during various phases of the project may have potential
to cause certain negative environmental impacts. These impacts may arise during
implementation and operation phase and may also arise after end of operation period.
The initial environmental examination (IEE) is conducted for the sub-project to identify
these negative impacts of the sub-project based on the scale and magnitude of activities
coupled with the environmental setting of the project location and to develop appropriate
environmental management plan (EMP) to be incorporated in the design and
implementation to ensure that the sub-project is unlikely to cause any negative impacts.
The project was appraised during the PPTA (Project Preparatory Technical Assistance)
stage and the work was awarded in November 2008 but due to the delay in handing over
the land required for the work from Indian railways the works could start only in May
2014 after negotiating all the hurdles of the project.
Initially the height of the underpass opening was 5 m and now as per the direction of
regulatory authorities the height had to be increased to 5.5 m which is a slight change in
the original scope of the work and as per ADBs policy requirement when a sub-projects
scope of work changes an IEE is to be carried out or to be revised to assess the
environmental implications if any of the project due to the change in scope of the work.
The ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist for Road projects in the ADB
website was used to screen the subproject for environmental impacts and to determine
the scope of the IEE investigation.
The IEE is prepared based on primary data, secondary sources of information and field
reconnaissance surveys.
11
4. Current Regulatory Provisions

Provisions
The environmental assessment and review process for any sub-project included under
KSUDP should address the requirements of Government of India's (GoI) environmental
legislation. In 1986, the Environment (Protection) Act was promulgated as an umbrella
legislation that supplements existing environmental regulations. Under this Act a
framework for environmental clearance was introduced in 1994, requiring that
Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) be conducted for new development projects
with a cost of Rs.1,000 million (approximately US$22.22million) or more and capacity
expansion/ augmentation with cost of Rs.500 million (approximately US$11.11million).
This Notification is now superseded by the Notification dated 14th September, 2006 1
and provides a detailed and comprehensive frame work for environmental clearance,
requiring that Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) be conducted for new
development projects. Projects are now required to pass through a process of screening,
scoping and classification either as category A or Category B, depending on severity of
impacts and nature of projects, with stipulated thresholds for various types of projects for
categorization.
Any component of urban infrastructure project having potential to generate sewage or
trade effluent will come under the purview of the Water (Prevention and Control of
Pollution) Act, 1974. Such projects have to obtain consent to establish under section 25
of the Act from Kerala State Pollution Control Board before starting implementation and
consent to operate before commissioning. The Water Act also requires the occupier of
such sub-projects to take measures for abating the possible pollution of receiving water
bodies.
The sub-projects having potential to emit air pollutants into the atmosphere have to
obtain consent to establish under section 21 of the Air (Prevention and Control of
Pollution) Act, 1981 from Kerala State Pollution Control Board before starting
implementation and consent to operate before commissioning the project. The occupier
of the project/facility has the responsibility to adopt necessary air pollution control
measures for abating air pollution. Hot mix plant, wet mix plant, stone crushers,
generators etc established as part of the sub-project will fall under the purview of the Air
Act.
12
The ADB guidelines stipulate addressing environmental concerns, if any, of a proposed

activity in the initial stages of Investment Program preparation. For this, the ADB
Guidelines categorizes the proposed components into varies categories (A, B, C or FI) to
determine the level of environmental assessment required to address the potential
impacts. Level of environmental assessment required for each category of Investment
Program as per ADB's Environmental Assessment Guidelines, 2003 is presented below:
Category A. Sub-project components with potential for significant adverse environmental
impacts. An environmental impact assessment (EIA) is required to address significant
impacts;
Category B.
B. Sub-project components judged to have some adverse environmental
impacts, but of lesser degree and/or significance than those for Category A projects. An
initial environmental examination (lEE) is required to determine whether significant
environmental impacts warranting an EIA are likely. If an EIA is not needed, the lEE is
regarded as the final environmental assessment report. A subproject is categorized as
Category B Sensitive, if that sub-project has environmentally sensitive components. The
projects that are near to environmentally sensitive areas, or that involve deforestation,
loss of bio-diversity, involuntary resettlement, processing, handling or disposal of
hazardous substances or activities that may be of concern of wide group of external
stakeholders are categorized as B Sensitive;
Category C. Components of sub-projects unlikely to have adverse environmental
impacts. No EIA or lEE is required, although environmental implications are still
reviewed; and
Category Fl. Projects are classified as Category FI if they involve a credit line through a
financial intermediary or an equity investment in a financial intermediary. The financial
intermediary must apply an environmental management system. unless all sub-projects
will results in insignificant environmental impacts.
The environmental compliance requirements of the sub-project are detailed in table1.
13
Table 1: Environmental Compliance Requirements of the Sub-Project

Components of
Environmental
Sub-Project
Acts/Regulation
During
1. The Water (Prevention and
Construction of
Control of Pollution) Act,
underpass
1974, as amended from
time to time
The contractor is required to obtain

consent for making discharge of the
sewage from construction camps from
KSPCB before starting the construction
camps.
2. The Air (Prevention and

Control of pollution) Act
1981, as amended from
time to time
Consent to establish hot mix plants,

diesel generator sets etc is to be
obtained by the contractor from the
KSPCB before starting implementation.
Consent to operate hot-mix plants,
diesel generator sets etc is to be
obtained by the contractor from the
KSPCB before starting construction.
The contractor should keep copies of
the valid consent to operate the
crusher and M-Sand units issued to the
operators from the KSPCB
3. Municipal Solid Waste

(Management and
Handling)
Rules 2000
The MSW generated at construction

sites and labour camps are to be
managed by the contractor.
The contractor has to make
arrangements for the management of
debris and construction waste
generated.
The contractor has to ensure that the
required permission is obtained from
the competent authority
The contractor has to ensure that the
required permission is obtained from
the competent authority
Categorization of sub-project
components into A, B or C and
developing required level of
environmental assessment for
each component
Mining of Earth
Kerala Mining Act
Supply of sand
Kerala Mining Act
All components
Compliance Requirement
The Environment Policy and

Operations Manual (OM)
2003, Environmental
Considerations in ADB
Operation and 2010
5. Location and Layout

The sub-project location is at Kollam and the site is Chinnakkada junction. The
underpass is at chainage 0+165m from the fuel station near Chinnakkada traffic island.
14
Figure: 1 Map of Kerala
Figure: 2 Kollam district map
15
The proposed location falls only in Seismic Zone III (Moderate). It is also noted that no
notified World Heritage Site, Archeological Monuments under ASIs Central list/State list
are located within the vicinity of the site. A clock tower of heritage value is situated
adjacent to the Railway over bridge and the sub-project in no way affect the clock tower.
There is no biosphere reserve, National Park, Wild life/Bird sanctuary, Tiger or elephant
reserve, important bird migratory route, mangrove areas, habitat of migratory
birds/animals, reserve/protected areas, zoological/botanical gardens within 1 km radius
of the proposed site.
Figure.3 Layout of Chinnakkada underpass
6. Subproject Component Description

The proposed underpass consists of a two lane vehicular underpass to the Railway
Over Bridge approach road at Chinnakkada. The approach road to the underpass and
post the underpass in chainage 0+270m will be built new and approach road of ROB will
be rebuilt with pre-cast Reinforced Earth Panel side walls as it has to be dismantled for
the construction. Traffic to and from Thiruvananthapuram and Alleppey can move over
the ROB. Vehicles that need a bye pass to the beach road and other access roads of
the city can take the underpass and reach the junction ahead of Chinnakkada junction
towards the beach. A U - turn at chainage 0+190 of the underpass road facilitates
vehicular traffic to the Chinnakkada traffic island. Also vehicles from the road NH 208
Kollam - Thiruvallam road coming from Kadappakkada can take the underpass to move
on to the beach road. The ROB is at chainage 0+165 and underpass is at chainage
0+164
16
Details of the underpass and ROB approach road

Underpass
Underpass
Total length of Underpass opening
16 m
Width of underpass opening
11m
Height of the underpass opening
5.5 m
Total length of the underpass road from Chinnakkada till Kumar

theatre.
Foot path
270m
Provision of storm water drainage
Along the left side of

the carriage way and
underpass
1.5m wide
Along the carriage
way 0.60m wide
Under footpath 0.3
m deep and 1.1 m
wide
Provision of service duct

ROB Approach roadroad- NH 66(
66(NHNH-47 renamed as NH 66)
NH road width
Total length of the NH-66 from the Chinnakkada Junction to the
Railway Over Bridge
Fixing of Reinforced Earth Panel on either sides (along NH -66 till
ROB)
Provision of Service duct
Foot path
11.00 m
164m
210m
On either sides
1.35m wide and 0.30
m deep
On either sides 1.5m
wide
17
Figure-4 Plan and profile of the proposed Chinnakkada underpass (ROB)
18
Figure-5 Plan and profile of the proposed Chinnakkada underpass
7. City Environmental Settings

During the PPTA stage of the project, sub-project activities were tentatively assessed
and presented in the report. Subsequently characterization surveys and geo-technical
studies at the site were carried out. The layout and detailed design of the sub-project
were finalized. The environmental assessment of the sub-project is done as per ADB's
Environmental Assessment Guidelines and the Environmental Assessment and Review
Framework (EARF) approved for the project to ensure that the sub-project is complying
with the existing environmental regulations of the country and will not have any adverse
impact on the environment.
19
7.1 Physical Features
Kollam, a city along Lakshadweep Sea, is situated in 8 50' North Latitude and 76
35' East Longitude. Ashtamudi Lake, the second largest wetland of Kerala
recognized under Ramsar International Treaty for Wetland Protection, abuts the
Northern boundary of the City. Kollam is about 72km north of Thiruvananthapuram
and about 152km south of Kochi. It has a good road network, which has links to all
major towns and cities in Kerala as well as to other Indian States. The city has an
almost smooth topography and the altitude varies from 0 to 10m above Mean Sea
Level (MSL). The gradually sloping terrain towards west favours natural drainage.
7.2 Climate
Kollam region has hot humid climate and relative humidity varies from 63 percent in
January to 87 percent in June and July. The annual variation of temperature ranges
between 22C and 33C. The region experiences four typical seasons, namely the
dry weather season from December to February, hot weather season from March to
May, southwest & northeast monsoon, and wet season prevailing from June to
November. The wet season is associated with the months in which southwest and
northeast monsoons occur. This season is spread over a period of six months from
June to November. The average annual rainfall is 2779mm
7.3 Land Use
The land use data of Kollam Municipal Corporation for 2000 is presented in table 2.
Total area of Kollam Municipality was 18.5 sq. km in 2000 and with the merging up
of nearby Panchayats to constitute Kollam Municipal Corporation; the area has
increased to 57.31 sq. km. The land use of the newly added areas is mainly
agricultural and residential with low density settlements in fringe areas. Major use of
urban land is under residential use, which includes not only the area occupied by the
houses, but also the small coconut gardens around the house as well.
20
Table 2: Land Use of Kollam Municipal Corporation

Type of Land Use
Area in km2
% of total area
Residential
34.69
60.53
Public and Semi Public
1.74
3.04
Commercial
0.69
1.21
Industrial - Major
1.13
1.97
Parks and Open Spaces
0.34
0.59
Transportation
2.22
3.87
Paddy Fields
4.94
8.62
Water Bodies
11.56
20.17
Total
57.31
100.00
Source: Development Plan for Kollam (2011), Kollam Development Authority (July 2000).
7.4 Socio Economic

In the industrial sector cashew processing, fishing and fish processing, coir and coir
products manufacturing are the important activities in Kollam. One-third of the state's
fish catch is from Kollam, which is one of the important fishing harbours along the
Kerala coast. Prawn farming in numerous canals and water bodies associated with
backwaters and coir retting and coir yarn making are major economic activities.
Other important economic sectors are trade and commerce including hotels and
restaurants. The overall potential for growth is moderate.
Kollam Municipal Corporation is an ancient commercial centre. Traditional industries like
coir industry and cashew processing industry are the main economic activity in the city.
Many state and central government offices, government and private organizations and
companies related to coir industry and cashew industry is situated in the city. However
major population in the KMC forms the middle class and upper middle class families.
The influx of people from other parts of India is more in Kollam Municipal Corporation for
the last two generations.
7.5 Tourism
Places of tourist interest in and around Kollam are Thankassery, Thirumullavaram
Beach, Mayyanad, Sasthamkotta, Ochira, Kulathupuzha, Thenmala, Palaruvi waterfalls,
21
Matha Amrithanandamayi Ashram at Vallikkavu, Jatayupara and Shenduruny wildlife

sanctuary. Tourists visiting Kollam are attracted more towards leisure tourism including
beaches, eco-tourism and historical monuments. The average tourist arrivals are to the
tune of 85,000 domestic tourists and 15,000 foreign tourists (Source: District Tourism
Promotion Council, Kollam).
7.6 Population
Kollam Municipal Corporation was constituted in October 2001 by merging Kollam
Municipality
and
four
nearby
Panchayats
namely
Vadakkevila,
Kilikolloor,
Sakthikulangara and Eravipuram. MC has an area of 57.31sq km with a population of

361,441 (Census 2011) in 78,182 households. The area of the Kollam Municipal
Corporation increased from 18.4sq km (1981-1991) to 57.31sq km, while population
increased from 33,739 persons to 361,441.
7.7 Forest
No forest is preset within 30km from the subproject site. On the eastern side of the
district abundant forest is available. These forests may be broadly classified into three
categories namely (a) southern tropical wet ever green forests (b) southern tropical and
semi ever green forests and (c) southern tropical moist deciduous forests.
8. Site Environmental Settings
Ambient air quality is important in judging impact potential for construction activities.
Data for both particulate (SPM and RSPM) and gaseous pollutants (SO2 and NOx) is
presented in the IEE.
The generation of noise and increase in the noise levels is very much important in the
case of road projects. Water quality (surface and groundwater) of the adjacent water
bodies will not have much impact, in general, for any road related subproject.
8.1 Air Quality
Sub-project site is located in prime commercial area where vehicular traffic is very high.
To establish the baseline air quality of the area data available with the pollution control
22
Board and data generated as part of periodic environmental monitoring of KSUDP sub
projects are presented below. The nearest monitoring station of Kerala State Pollution
Control Board is at Kadappakkada which is only 2.5 km away when aerial distance is
counted and the situation at the monitoring station and that at the underpass is more or
less similar, the data available that of the Kadappakkada station can be considered to
establish the baseline air quality of the sub-project site.
Table 3: Baseline Ambient Air Quality at Kadappakkada
Parameter
Standard, g/m3
Observed value at project site,

g/m3, (except CO2)
Mean
Annual
average
Sulphur dioxide (SO2)
60
(24 hours average)
2 - 29.12
2.08
Oxides of Nitrogen (NO2)
60
(24 hours average)
17.9 - 65.52
18.76
Suspended Particulate Matter
140 (24 hours
2 - 170
108.39
(SPM)
average)
Respirable Particulate Matter
60 (24 hours average)
59.7 - 123.6
59.88
Source: Water and Air quality Directory 2010, KSPCB, Thiruvananthapuram
Sl.
No
Table 4: Baseline Ambient Air Quality at Chinnakkada

Parameters
Result
Standard
(CPCB Industrial,
residential, rural and

other areas for 24
hrs)
1.
Suspended Particulate
Matter(g/m3)
160.2
100
2.
Respirable Particulate
Matter (g/m3)
71.8
100
Source: Environmental quality monitoring of KSUDP November2013
It can be seen that the suspended particulate matter at the project site is higher than the
standard which could be due to the high traffic density of the area and also the dust
emanating from the nearby warehouse of the railways nearby the monitoring site.
23
8.2 Noise
The sub-project site is a commercial area. Sound level at the site was monitored as part
of field investigation carried out as per the periodic environmental quality monitoring of
KSUDP sub-projects. The monitoring results are presented in Table 4. It is normal that
due to heavy traffic plying at the junction the noise levels at the sampling point is quite
high.
Table 5: Noise Level near Clock tower at Chinnakkada
Sl.No
Description
Value reported in
Limit for
dB(A)Leq.
Commercial area in
dB(A) Leq
Noise level (Day time)
80.2
65
Noise level (Night time)
42.9
55
Source: Environmental quality monitoring of KSUDP November2013
8.3 Topography and Soil
Topographically, the area adjacent to subproject site forms almost a plain land and
show gentle slope towards east. The site is covered mainly with lateritic silty loamy
soil. The soil is highly porous and well drained.
8.4 Geology
The soil at site consisting of clayey silt and silty sand is loose to medium dense at
all levels. The laterite zone, being permeable is known to be a good aquifer for
groundwater.
8.5 Surface Water
The Kollam river is the nearest major surface water source. This river drains out
into the Ashtamudi lake towards the north and into the sea in Thiruvananthapuram
towards south.
24
8.6 Ground Water

Ground water in the sub-project area occurs under confined and semi confined
conditions. The course, porous and permeable layers of laterite form aquifer system. The
main recharge to groundwater takes place from precipitation. Few numbers of open
wells exist around the site and these open wells are mainly used for domestic purposes.
Depth of ground water level ranges between 1.5m and 6.2m below the ground level. The
directional flow of ground water is mainly from west to east.
Ground water quality was also continuously studied by KSPCB. The ground water quality
analysis results of ground water sample collected from an open well located at
Kureepuzha is presented in Table 5.
Table 6: Ground Water Quality at Kureepuzha, Kollam
Characteristics
Unit
Observed Value
Standard
pH
Conductivity
6.3
6.5-8.5
mhos/cm
345
mg/l
1.95
Total coliform
no/100ml
700
50
Fecal coliform
no/100ml
360
BOD
Source: Water and Air quality Directory 2010, KSPCB, Thiruvananthapuram
8.7 Ecological Resource

No forest, wild life sanctuaries are situated near to the sub-project site. There are no
mangroves in the identified site and there will not be any destruction of mangroves.
Coconut trees, mango trees, tamarind, teak, badaam etc. are very common near to the
project site.
The subproject area is thoroughly investigated and it is understood that there are no rare
and endangered species (flora and fauna) exist within the location of proposal to widen
the foot path to 150cm without disturbing the local ecosystem.
25
9 Screening of Potential Environmental Impacts and Mitigation

The main purpose of the sub-project "Chinnakkada underpass under KSUDP, is to
improve the congested traffic of prime location in Kollam Municipal Corporation area. As
such there are many environmental benefits to be gained from the proposed subproject
in terms of Environmental quality. This section, proposes to focus on the identification of
potential adverse environmental impacts short term and long term. Mitigation measures
are
proposed
to
minimize
the
adverse
environmental
impacts
identified.
Recommendations for environmental monitoring to be conducted during the design,

implementation and operation of project and agencies responsible for monitoring are
also drawn up.
The screening for environmental impacts is done in all the four phases of the project; viz.
planning, design, construction and operation and maintenance.
Location Impacts. Impacts associated with the planning are mainly due to site
selection.
Location
impacts
include
on
site
biophysical
array
and
encroachment/impact either directly or indirectly on adjacent environments. It also

includes the impacts on the people who will lose their homes or livelihood due to
the development of the proposed site;
Design Impacts. Impacts arising from the design of the project, including the
technology used, scale of operation/throughput, waste production, discharge
specification, pollution sources and ancillary services;
Construction Impacts. Impacts associated with the site cleaning, earth works,
physical construction related materials movements and works, machinery, vehicles
and workers. It also includes the erosion, dust, noise, traffic congestion and waste
production associated with the construction activities; and
O&M Impacts. Impacts arising from the operation and maintenance of the
infrastructure facility provided under the project. These include the impacts arising
from the management of the infrastructure facility and health and safety hazards to
the operating staff.
26
9.1 Cultural Heritage

A part of the land required for the project i.e., about 0.8 hectares is leased for a period
of 35 years from the Indian railways by the Municipal Corporation. No private property
or any other land was acquired or required to be acquired for the sub project. The
subproject has been designed taking the entire land as project site. Households,
residents and business establishments do not exist around the site. Local vendors
around the site were rehabilitated.
Due to implementation of the proposed subproject there is no encroachment into
cultural heritage or any other protected structures. The proposed subproject will in no
way adversely affect the residences, religious institutions and educational institutions
situated near the project area. The nearest hospital is at least 600 m away towards the
beach road and not in upwind down wind vicinity. Nearby educational institution is
situated 1.5 km away. No major educational institutions or sensitive receptors are
around the immediate vicinity of the site.
There is no encroachment to cultural, heritage and other protected structures adjacent
to the subproject site. The Clock tower which is of heritage value to the people of Kollam
city is left untouched.
9.2 Loss of Household, Business Premises or Livelihood
The area required for the subproject is available with the Municipal Corporation. The
sub-project has been designed taking the entire land as project site. No households and
residents are affected and the business premises that are affected are rehabilitated.
9.3 Ground Water Contamination
The ground water table at the site was noticed to be between 5.5m and 16.5m below
ground level during the field study conducted. With proper care and adopting proper
design criteria ground water contamination can be avoided.
27
9.4 Existence of Surface Water Source

The water quality of water bodies may be affected due to storm over runoff during
construction stage. The subproject site is on the embankment of the approach roads and
so any diversion of storm water from other areas does not arise. However, proper care
has to be taken to avoid all types of erosion.
9.5 Loss of Amenity
The establishment of the footpath to the ROB will not have much adverse impact on the
amenities of the local people. The amenity to the people such as water supply, power
supply, transportation facilities etc, will in no way be affected by the implementation of
the subproject. On the other hand the convenience to pedestrian movement will be
improving considerably
9.6 Removal of Trees
A tree along the alignment of the underpass has to cut and the same has been done
after getting the required permission from the Assistant Conservator of forests, Social
Forestry division Kollam
9.7 Silt
Silt Runoff from Construction
No silt runoff is anticipated during the construction of the underpass. The soil is sandy
and is of high percolation capacity. There are no water bodies nearby the site and the
project site is relatively in low level than the surrounding areas which rules out erosion of
the soil from the project site.
9.8 Social Conflict between Workers
Contractor may bring his own workers for construction activities which may affect the
interest of the local workers. To negotiate the situation local workers will also be
engaged by the contractor.
28
9.9 Noise, Dust or Hazardous Materials

There are chances of noise, dust and emission of hazardous materials during
construction activities. The operation of generators, mixing plants, earth movers as well
as the construction activities may cause dust and noise pollution. It will be ensured that
the plant and equipments employed in the construction will comply fully with
environmental standards. Regular wetting of stock piles of sand and metals will be
ensured to reduce dust emission. Dust curtain will be provided to the construction site.
No emission of any hazardous materials anticipated.
9.10 Improper Disposal of Waste
Waste by Workers
The workers engaged in construction activities may be provided with labour quarters/
settlement. The indiscriminate disposal of waste by workers may contaminate the
surroundings of workers camp shed. The contractor will be insisted to provide proper
sanitation facilities at labour quarters/settlement. The solid waste management facilities
at labour camps shall be in agreement with the programme of the Kollam Municipal
Corporation the local body. Arrangements for issuing proper awareness on solid waste
management to workers will also be made.
It has to be taken into account that the breeding of mosquitoes in and around labour
camps are to be avoided by taking measures to avoid any stagnation of water. In this
connection the guidelines for siting and management of labour camps will be considered.
9.11 Indiscriminate Disposal of debris/Silt
debris/Silt
The silt/debris generated during construction, if not properly handled, may cause
contamination of the surrounding area. Proper stock piling of silt/debris at site,
examination of the possibilities of reuse opportunities of silt/debris, identification of site
for disposal of silt/debris, and proper management, like covering of the disposal site on
completion of work, protection against spillages during transportation of silt/debris, and
maintenance of the transportation vehicles will be ensured by specific condition in the
work contract. Also provision to store temporarily the construction debris at a ground in
29
possession of the corporation is also made in consultation with the Municipal

Corporation of Kollam.
9.12
Exposure of Workers to Contaminated site
There are chances of workers exposed to contaminated and hazardous work

environment.
Necessary
provisions
for
providing
appropriate
protective
gears
(Gumboots, gloves, masks etc.) are to be ensured. Impart training to workers on the
potential dangers and health effects at construction sites particularly due to exposure of
workers to contaminated site will be given. Moreover need for the use of protective
gears by the workers and staff at the site will be made essential in the contract
document.
9.13
Work Safety Measures
All required work safety measures are to be taken during the course of work. Being a
project involving various types of civil and mechanical works, excavation etc, and the
safety of workers is very important. The workers are to be provided with all safety
gadgets such as boots, goggles, glows, caps, colourd jackets, masks, etc. and ensure
use of all these personal protective equipments when engaged in works.
The working environment should be properly managed. During excavation activities
adequate barricading has to be provided to avoid mishaps. This may include providing
obstruction barriers establishing notice boards etc. Safety of workers should be the prime
motto for the successful completion of the subproject. All personal safety gadgets have
to be provided according to the condition of the site and considering the type of work
being done.
To have an effective Personal Protective Equipment Program, supervisors must be
convinced of the hazards particularly during road works and must be held accountable
for their employees' use of personal protective equipment. In this connection it is
essential to have a safety orientation for the benefit of new employees. By the safety
program it is essential to motivate employees to continue to use protective equipment.
30
The correct personal protective equipment with a good training program can provide
workers with a large measure of safety when other controls are inadequate or not
feasible. Personal protective equipment can be effective only when it is selected based
on the specific hazards (sample assessment at the end of this policy) in the workplace,
when employees are trained in its use and the equipment is properly tested, maintained
and worn.
In the work-site the contractor has to provide and maintain safe systems of work which
include provisions for adequate and appropriate first-aid box, first-aid room and first-aid
equipment.
During operation stage of the approach roads, it is to be ensured that all required and
necessary traffic signals are in place. It is advisable to provide hand rails on entire length
of the approach road.
The contractor is responsible for the preparation and implementation of a health safety
plan and to ensure that all the requirements are included in the works.
9.14
Traffic Management Safety
The success of any projects depends on the proper traffic management and safety
measures. This is particularly in the case of Kerala because most of the roads are very
narrow. Special attention has to be taken for traffic management at the work site with the
help of traffic police. It is advisable to prepare a time schedule for bringing in
construction material and arranging the work. Whenever there is diversion of traffic
proper and clear sign boards are to be placed in order to avoid or minimize unnecessary
hardships to the general public. The traffic management plan during construction stage
is to be finalised in consultation with the Public Works department authorities, police
department authorities and the Kollam Municipal Corporation. The traffic management
plan is to be prepared adequately in advance and wide publicity has to be made through
local news papers and other media. This is to ensure that the hardships to the public due
to traffic diversion are minimized as far as possible. In order to ensure safety of workers
as well as public proper barricades are to be provided.
31
10 Forecasting Environmental Impact and Mitigation

The main purpose of KSUDP is to improve urban environmental conditions. As such,
there are many environmental benefits to the proposed subproject. This section,
however, focuses on the identification of potential short and long term adverse
environmental impacts. It takes the subproject components with identified environmental
consequences and considers them in the context of the receiving environment.
Mitigation measures are proposed with recommended monitoring actions to be
conducted during implementation to minimize any adverse environmental impacts. The
mitigation measures will form the basis for an environmental monitoring plan during the
implementation stages of KSUDP projects.
Because of the large number of components considered in the city IEEs, only those
potential impacts where mitigation measures are required to avoid predicted problem are
discussed below.
Table 7: Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Impacts
Mitigation Measures
Loss of on-site ecology
Control of site layout to avoid or minimize
or natural feature
loss of natural features. New and additional
Responsibility
PIU, PMU
trees will be planted wherever loss occurs

and to create an aesthetic appeal to the subproject
Loss of amenity
Provision of a buffer zone on vulnerable
(aesthetics, property
perimeters with greenbelt development by
values) to neighbors
planting bushes and landscaping to provide
PIU, PMU
physical separation and a visual screen for

the development and aesthetic appeal either.
32
Design
Impacts
Mitigation Measures
Bringing in prefabricated Ensure the prefabrication is done in

structural materials and
consonance with the environment and all
connected risk
arrangements to overcome the risk in the
Responsibility
PIU, PMU
use of prefabricated materials will be taken

Construction
Impacts
Mitigation Measures
Silt runoff from
Implement construction site management to cover
Head
construction
site preparation, which minimizes clearing and
contractor
Responsibility
operations causing disturbance to adjoining vegetation and natural soil (responsible

soil erosion and
surfaces from high velocity runoff; siting of
under contract
affecting the water construction material stockpiles and access routes
for all sub-
quality /land
to avoid any disturbance to adjoining vegetation
contractors)
values
and natural areas; disposal of construction waste
and PIU
to be determined on a case-by-case basis
(monitoring)
(recycled use or landfill disposal should be

sought). Also re-filling the debris suitably will also
be considered to negotiate the disposal issues.
Road blocking,
Implement construction site management.
Head
diversion and/or
contractor
increased traffic
(responsible
during
under contract
construction works
for all subcontractors)

and PIU
(monitoring)
Noise and dust
Implement construction site management to cover
Head
from construction
dust and noise management (including water
contractor
activities
spraying, dust curtains and scheduling of activities) (responsible

under contract
33
for all subcontractors)

and PIU
(monitoring)
Providing safety
measures to
workers.
Implement safety measures including making
Head
available gum boots, gloves, hats, safety jackets, ear
contractor
buds, goggles etc. to workers These personal worker
(responsible
safety gadgets have to be provided according to the
under contract
condition of the site and considering the type of work
for all sub-
being done.
contractors)
and PIU
(monitoring)
11.
Environmental Management Plan
Based on the forecasting of the environment impacts due to the subproject an

environment Management Plan is prepared for various components for the project. More
over responsibility of implementing the mitigation measures were fixed and agencies
responsible for carrying out the measures were identified.
Dust from unloading
operation inside the site may generate dust emission and nuisance.
The cost of each component was also considered. Each component of the subproject is
subjected to thorough assessment and the impacts and mitigation measures identified
were summarized and presented in Table 8.
34
Table 8: Environmental Management Plan

Sl. No Description of
Impact
Magnitude of
Mitigation Measures
Impact
proposed
Responsibility
Cost
Implementati Supervision
on
1. 1The health and

. safety of the
Permanent/lo
Provision of appropriate
protective gears to the
construc
workers involved in
tion cost
workers
PIU/KMC PMU
Part of
construction
2.
Loss of
Permanent
Affected persons are
household,
/medium
rehabilitated.
KMC/PIU PMU
Part of
resettle
business
ment
premises or
cost
livelihood
(gardens,
agricultural land)
3.
Encroachment
Permanent/
There is no
KMC/PIU PMU
Part of
to cultural,
low
encroachment to any
construc
heritage and
religious places,
tion
other protected
educational institutions
cost.
structures
etc
(religious
places,
educational
institutions)
adjacent to the
sub project site.
4.
Existence of
Permanent/
This is for providing foot
residences
low
path to an ROB.
KMC/PIU PMU
Part of
construc
adjacent to the
tion cost
sub-project site
35
5.
Ground water
Permanent/
Threat to ground water
KMC/PIU PMU
Part of
contamination.
low
only during construction
O&M
phase. Lubricant oil and
Cost
fuel containment
arrangement should be
in place
6.
Loss of amenity
Permanent/
Greenbelt by planting
(aesthetics,
low
bushes and landscaping
property value)
for aesthetic appeal of
and livelihood to
the project.
KMC/PIU PMU
KMC
the neighbors.
7.
Silt run off from
Temporary/
Site preparation to
Contractor PIU
Part of
construction
low
minimize clearance to
construc
operations
adjoining vegetation and
tion cost
causing soil
natural resources.
erosion and
Protection of unstable
damage to water
soil surface from high
quality/adjacent
velocity runoff with
land
interception drains and

stabilization.
Proper siting and
protection of construction
materials
8.
Social conflict
Temporary/
Include a condition in the PIU
between
low
contractor to engage
workers from
local labour as far as
other area and
possible.
PMU
NA
local workers
9.
Noise, dust or
Temporary/
hazardous
low
materials arising
Contractor PIU
Plant and equipment
employed in the
construction will comply
with environmental
Part of
construc
tion cost
36
from
standards.
construction
activity.
Temporary/
Regular wetting of stock

piles of sand, metals;
Dust curtain will be
provided to the
construction site.
Proper sanitation
Contractor PIU
Part of
low
facilities will be provided
construc
water due to
to the labour
tion cost
improper
quarters/settlement
10. Contamination
of land and
disposal of
waste by
workers
11. Contamination
due to
Temporary/
low
indiscriminate
disposal of
soil/silt.
12. Exposure of
workers to
contaminated
site during
construction.
Temporary/
low
Contractor PIU
Proper stock piling of
silt/soil at site;
Examine the reuse
opportunities for
silt/spoil;
Identification of location
for disposal of silt/spoil;
Proper covering of the
disposal site on
completion of work;
Protection against
contamination during
transportation and
maintenance of the
transportation vehicles.
Provision of appropriate Contractor PIU
protective gears
(Gumboots, gloves,
masks etc.); training to
workers regarding the
potential dangers and
health effects and need
Part of
construc
tion cost
Part of
construc
tion cost
37
for the use of protective

gears
13. 1 Loss of
6Greenery
Temporary/
It is proposed to develop
KMC/
PMU
Part of
low
a green belt by planting
Contracto
Constru
bushed and by
ction
landscaping.
cost.
12. Institutional Requirement and Environmental Monitoring

The executing agency for KSUDP subprojects is the Local Self Government Department
(LSGD) and has established a Project Management Unit (PMU) for this purpose. The
project implementation Unit of KSUDP established in Kollam Municipal Corporation is in
charge of executing the project and monitors the implementation of Environment
Management Plan.
An Environmental Specialist available as consultant to the Project Management Unit of
KSUDP will be availed for advice if required in matters relating to the Environment
management and monitoring of the sub-project. Also a fulltime Environmental Engineer
deputed from the Kerala State Pollution Control Board available at the PMU will also
oversee and help in matters related to the Environment management of sub-projects.
During project implementation the Environmental Specialist will (i) review the IEE/EIA
documents (ii) inspect and ensure compliance with the mitigation measures proposed in
the IEEs/EIAs and EMPs for all components of KSUDP and (iii) provide necessary
training.
During the construction phase, the Project Implementation Unit of the Kollam Municipal
Corporation will monitor the performance of the contractor who is contracted the work in
a manner that mitigates adverse environmental impacts during the construction phase.
38
Mitigation measures of a planning, functional, institutional and procedural character will

be informed to the contractor. The PIU, with the support of the Project Management Unit
(PMU), will be responsible for monitoring and enforcement of Environment Management
Plan and its monitoring during construction.
During the operational phase, the Kollam Municipal Corporation, with the assistance of
KSPCB will be responsible for monitoring the performance of the infrastructure
components.
13. Environmental Monitoring Plan
Major environmental issues identified are the air pollution and enhanced noise level
during the construction and operational phases of the subproject. An Environmental
Monitoring Plan is prepared for the subproject. The monitoring plan presents the
recommended environmental monitoring activities. The plan also identified the
agencies/institutions that are responsible for monitoring. Table 9 provides a summary of
recommended environmental monitoring plan based on responses to potential adverse
impacts identified. Contractor of the work shall prepare and submit a periodic quarterly
compliance report of Environmental monitoring to PIU invariably.
Table 9: Environmental Monitoring Plan
Project stage
Constructi
on
Type of Monitoring
Ambient air
quality
Noise
Constructi
on and
Operation
Location
Construction
site and the
vicinity
Parameters to be Monitored
Frequency Responsibilit
y
Preliminary
Costing
Suspended Particulate
Matter (SPM)
Sulphur dioxide
Methane
Ammonia and
Carbon Monoxide
Sound level. Leq., (day and
night)
Once in Contractor
3months /PIU
Rs.5,000 per
monitoring
Once in Contractor
3 months /PIU
Rs. 2,000
per
monitoring
Const- KMC
ant
surveilla
nce
Rs 50000
1m outside the
boundary on all
4 sides and one
location at
500m away
from the
boundary
Plantation bushes All vacant areas Plantation of bushes and
and
of the site
landscaping starts once the
maintenance of
civil works in the site is
landscaping.
completed and constant
surveillance afterwards
39
14. Period of Implementation

The project was initially started in November 2008, but due to delay in handing over the
railway land in the alignment, the project was delayed and after deliberation over
deliberation only in May 2014 the work could be resumed after resolving all the issues
regarding the site handing over. The completion period of the work is 1 year.
15. Benefits of the Project
The project would substantially improve the general environmental quality of the area
and aesthetics. The congestion at the Chinnakkada junction will get alleviated and
facilitate the free flow of traffic.
16. Community Consultation
Consultation and Information Disclosure
During the project scoping exercise considerable dialogue have had with the Kollam
Municipal Corporation mayor, councilors and the staff. The details of the projects and the
environmental mitigation measures proposed were detailed to the councilors and
officials of Kollam Municipal Corporation during various deliberations. Also the project
has been a major appetizer to the media and the news regarding the work progress
frequently occupied spaces in the media with appraisal. Details of one to one public
consultation conducted has been annexed to this report as Annexure-IV
16.1 Grievance Redress Mechanism
The complaints/grievances related to the work, if any, will be addressed by the
PIU/KMC. The contractor will also assist the PIU/KMC. Any other complaints that
cannot be resolved at PIU will be addressed by the GRC constituted at PIU/KMC with
Respected Mayor of Kollam Municipal Corporation as chairperson. In case the
complaint received cannot be addressed by the GRC the same shall be forwarded to
PMU for facilitating further action to resolve the issue at appropriate level.
See Annexure VI Proceedings of the Project Manager constituting GRC
40
17. Findings and Recommendations

The subproject as described above on the basis of environmental assessment during the
project formulation stage was found to be environmentally acceptable and able to
proceed to the implementation phase. Certain environmental issues noticed during the
environmental assessment were listed out and an environment management plan to
address these issues were also drawn up and presented in table 8. The main
environmental issues noticed during the environmental assessment are those occurring
during construction stage. In order to meet the statutory requirements, the following
measures will be taken.
The materials required for construction activities will be purchased from agencies/
manufacturers having valid clearances from statutory authorities;
Equipments/plants/generators used in the construction activities will comply with the
environmental standards prescribed;
Sanction from the State Government will be obtained for cutting trees which are
prohibited under the Kerala Preservation of Trees Act, 1986
The mitigation measures proposed in the management plan has been incorporated in
project design and most of the mitigation costs are incidental to the construction costs.
The environment management plan and environmental monitoring plan will form part of
the contractual agreement with construction contractor, or directly implemented by the
PIU as facility operator, as required Work Practices.
18. Conclusions
The subproject is considered not to have any significant environmental impacts and
classification B is considered appropriate.
The IEE report has thoroughly assessed all potential environmental impacts associated
with the subproject. The environmental impacts identified by the study are manageable,
and Kollam Municipal Corporation will implement the mitigation measures stated in the
41
EMP and IEE reports. Therefore, no further environmental assessment is needed.

No significant/potential adverse impacts are anticipated on the environment due to the
proposed project and there are no ecological sensitive issues of concern at the site.
There is no biosphere reserve, National Park, Wild life, Bird sanctuary, Tiger or elephant
reserve,
mangrove
areas,
habitat
of
important
migratory
birds/animals,
reserve/protected areas, zoological/botanical gardens within 10 km radius of the

proposed site.
Further it is confirmed that there is no rare, threatened and endangered species (flora
and fauna) within the site proposed for the subproject.
It is concluded that the sub-project as a whole will have a temporary impact on the
environment but with the implementation of Environment Management Plan the
potential impacts can be negotiated to a very great extent. The impact that may arise
due to the change in the height alone of the underpass is ruled out as the minor change
in height will no way affect or increase the quantum of impact when considering the subproject as a whole.
42
ANNEXUREANNEXURE- I
BUDGET FOR ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PLAN
A. Construction Period (for a period of 6months)
1. Ambient air quality monitoring during construction stage
anticipating eight(2 loc.x 4 times) monitoring, total cost involved
Rs. 40000.00
2. Noise monitoring during construction stage,

anticipating eight(2 loc.x 4 times) monitoring, total cost involved
Rs. 16,000.00
C. Development of Greenbelt
Plantation of bushes on the embankment of roads and
maintenance cost, part of operation and maintenance cost
Total anticipated cost
cost for environment monitoring
Rs. 50,000.00
Rs. 106,000
06,000 .00
43
ANNEXUREANNEXURE- II
DETAILED BUDGET BASED ON THE ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN
The detailed estimate for the various environmental management mitigative measures and
monitoring plan have done and presented in the table.
Sl.no
2
3
Detailed budget based on the environment management plan

Mitigation Measures
Responsibility
Cost (Rs)
Implementation Supervision
responsibility Responsibility
PIU/KMC
PMU
50,000
It is proposed to develop
plant bushes and grass
development on the
embankments of the road to
have an effect of a
greenbelt.
Adequate compaction and
PIU/KMC
action to avoid erosion of
the embankments.
Disposal of construction
PIU/KMC
waste to pre-determined
locations on a case-by-case
basis such as recycled use
or landfill disposal.
PMU
PMU
Part of
construction
cost
Part of
operation cost
Proper stock piling of

silt/soil at site;
Contractor
PIU/PMU
Part of
construction
cost
Protection against pollution Contractor

during transportation of
materials and proper
maintenance of the
transportation vehicles.
Dust curtain will be provided Contractor
at the construction site.
PIU/PMU
Part of
construction
cost
PIU/PMU
Plant and equipment

Contractor
employed in the
construction will comply with
environmental standards.
Implement construction site Contractor
management to cover dust
PIU/PMU
Part of
construction
cost
Part of
construction
cost
PIU/PMU
Part of
44
Sl.no
Mitigation Measures
Responsibility
Cost (Rs)
Implementation Supervision
responsibility Responsibility
and noise management
9
10
11
Proper sanitation facilities

Contractor
will be provided to the
labour quarters/settlements
and at worksite
Provision of appropriate
Contractor
protective gears (gumboots,
gloves, masks etc.),
awareness to workers
regarding the potential
dangers and health effects
and need for the use of
protective gears
Mostly necessitate traffic
Contractor
management to avoid
congestion (has to be
arranged in consultation
with local traffic police)
PIU/PMU
construction
cost
Part of
construction
cost
PIU/PMU
Part of
construction
cost
PIU/Local
Police
Part of
construction
cost
45
ANNEXURE III
Rapid Environmental
Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist
Instructions:
(i) The project team completes this checklist to support the environmental classification of a project. It is
to be attached to the environmental categorization form and submitted to the Environment and
Safeguards Division (RSES), for endorsement by Director, RSES and for approval by the Chief
Compliance Officer.
(ii) This checklist focuses on environmental issues and concerns. To ensure that social dimensions are
adequately considered, refer also to ADB's (a) checklists on involuntary resettlement and
Indigenous Peoples; (b) poverty reduction handbook; (c) staff guide to consultation and
participation; and (d) gender checklists.
(iii) Answer the questions assuming the without mitigation case. The purpose is to identify potential
impacts. Use the remarks section to discuss any anticipated mitigation measures.
Country/Project Title:
Sector Division
India/KSUDP
Roads and transportation/Provision of footpath
Screening Questions
Ye
s
No
Remarks
A. PROJECT SITING
IS THE PROJECT AREA ADJACENT TO OR
WITHIN ANY OF THE FOLLOWING
ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE AREAS?
CULTURAL HERITAGE SITE
No public places such as religious

centres, schools are situated near to
the proposed site.
PROTECTED AREA
The proposed site is not near to any

protected area
WETLAND
NO
MANGROVE
NO
46
ESTUARINE
NO
BUFFER ZONE OF PROTECTED AREA
NO
SPECIAL AREA FOR PROTECTING

BIODIVERSITY
NO
B. POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

WILL THE PROJECT CAUSE
Encroachment on historical/cultural areas;
disfiguration of landscape by road embankments,
cuts, fills, and quarries?
There will be no encroachment

historical/cultural areas; disfiguration
of landscape by road embankments,
cuts, fills, and quarries
Encroachment on precious ecology (e.g. sensitive

or protected areas)?
There is no encroachment on precious

ecology in this area.
Alteration of surface water hydrology of

waterways crossed by roads, resulting in
increased sediment in streams affected by
increased soil erosion at construction site?
There is no surface water resources

exist in the vicinity of the proposed
project site. .
deterioration of surface water quality due to silt

runoff and sanitary wastes from worker-based
camps and chemicals used in construction?
increased local air pollution due to rock crushing,
cutting and filling works, and chemicals from
asphalt processing?
There is no surface water resources

exist near to the proposed site.
During construction phase there will

not be increased air pollution due to
rock crushing. The location of the rock
crushing unit will be established far
from human settlements and any
environmental sensitive location to
avoid impacts from increased air
pollution.
risks and vulnerabilities related to occupational

health and safety due to physical, chemical,
biological, and radiological hazards during project
construction and operation during project
construction and operation?
noise and vibration due to blasting and other civil
works?
Dislocation or involuntary resettlement of people?

dislocation and compulsory resettlement of
people living in right-of-way?
disproportionate impacts on the poor, women and
children, Indigenous Peoples or other vulnerable
groups?
No
No blasting work will be involved in

the project.
16 local vendors were rehabilitated
No
No
47
other social concerns relating to inconveniences

in living conditions in the project areas that may
trigger cases of upper respiratory problems and
stress?
There will not be any inconveniences

in living conditions in the project areas
that may trigger cases of upper
respiratory problems and stress
hazardous driving conditions where construction

interferes with pre-existing roads?
Contractor will provide alternate path

during construction phase and will
maintain traffic management to avoid
any hazardous driving conditions if
required.
poor sanitation and solid waste disposal in

construction camps and work sites, and possible
transmission of communicable diseases (such as
STI's and HIV/AIDS) from workers to local
populations?
Local labour will be employed for the

work if required then contractor will
provide all necessary facilities in
workers camp to avoid any sanitation
and solid waste disposal problem.
creation of temporary breeding habitats for

diseases such as those transmitted by
mosquitoes and rodents?
accident risks associated with increased vehicular
traffic, leading to accidental spills of toxic
materials?
increased noise and air pollution resulting from
traffic volume?
There is no water logging condition
No
There will not be any noise and air

pollution resulting from traffic volume.
increased risk of water pollution from oil, grease

and fuel spills, and other materials from vehicles
using the road?
All mitigation measures will be taken

to provide water pollution from oil,
grease and fuel spills, and other
materials from vehicles using the
road, if any
Social conflicts if workers from other regions or

countries are hired?
Large population influx during project construction
and operation that causes increased burden on
social infrastructure and services (such as water
supply and sanitation systems)?
Risks to community health and safety due to the
transport, storage, and use and/or disposal of
materials such as explosives, fuel and other
chemicals during construction and operation?
Community safety risks due to both accidental and
natural causes, especially where the structural
elements or components of the project are
accessible to members of the affected community
or where their failure could result in injury to the
community throughout project construction,
operation and decommissioning.
Local labour will be engaged
No
No
No
48
Climate Change and Disaster Risk Questions
Yes
No
REMARKS
The following questions are not for environmental

categorization. They are included in this checklist to help
identify potential climate and disaster risks.
Is the Project area subject to hazards such as

earthquakes, floods, landslides, tropical cyclone winds,
storm surges, tsunami or volcanic eruptions and
climate changes (see Appendix I)
Could changes in temperature, precipitation, or
extreme events patterns over the Project lifespan affect
technical or financial sustainability (eg., increased
erosion or landslides could increase maintenance
costs, permafrost melting or increased soil moisture
content could affect sub0-grade).
Are there any demographic or socio-economic aspects
of the Project area that are already vulnerable (eg.,
high incidence of marginalized populations, rural-urban
migrants, illegal settlements, ethnic minorities, women
or children)?
Could the Project potentially increase the climate or
disaster vulnerability of the surrounding area (e.g., by
encouraging settlement in areas that will be more
affected by floods in the future, or encouraging
settlement in earthquake zones)?
No
No
No
No
Note: Hazards are potentially damaging physical events.
49
ANNEXURE IV
Public Consultation
As part of the public consultation the shop owners around the project site at
Chinnakkada was consulted. The shop owners around the project site at Chinnakkada
expressed their grief over the difficulty in their routine business activities due to the
restriction imposed on parking of vehicles because of the construction activities of the
underpass. Due to traffic diversion and restriction in parking customers are finding it
difficult coming to the shop.
People gathered during the consultation appraised the project with concern over time
bound completion of the project. They also reminded the delay of the work which was
caused due to the transfer of railway land in the alignment and expressed their
enthusiasm to get the work completed timely. The officers of PIU who went for
consultation ensured timely completion of the works and convinced the public that once
the work get completed the difficulty in business activities of the area will get eased and
will flourish than before.
Few pictures of Public consultations conducted by Social Development Officer and Technical Officer
Environment of PIU Kollam Municipal Corporation are seen below.
50
Pictures of public consultation continued
51
Attendance sheet of the public consultation
English translation of the remarks column

Tip top shoe mart: After starting the construction activities sales dropped and I dont
think the underpass will be beneficial to the public.
52
G Sathidevi Wear and Style: After the completion of works we expect more business
than before.
53
1. S. Joldudoor Bais hotel:

Very poor business due to traffic diversion and
restriction
2. Shakeel Simi Bakery: Very poor business
3. Niyas: Very poor business because the customers cant park their vehicles.
54
Augustin: The works shall be completed at the earliest.
55
ANNEXUREANNEXURE- V
SubSub-project work in media

http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/minister-wants-kollam-underpassto-be-ready-by-october-30/article6297886.ece
56
Annexure VI
Proceedings of GRC
57

Chinnakada Underpass

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Chinnakkada Underpass

Package No. KLM-RT-01-C

INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION

Project Implementation Unit, KSUDP Kollam Municipal Corporation

INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION REPORT

Need for the project

Level of Environmental Examination

Current Regulatory Provisions

Location and Layout

Subproject Component Description

City Environmental Settings

Site Environmental Setting

Topography and Soil

9 Screening of Potential Environmental Impacts and Mitigation

Loss of Household, Business Premises or Livelihood

Ground Water Contamination

Kerala Sustainable Urban Development Project | PIU Kollam

INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION REPORT

Existence of Surface Water Source

Silt Runoff from Construction

Social Conflict Between Workers

Noise, Dust or Hazardous Materials

Improper Disposal of Waste by Workers

Indiscriminate Disposal of debris/Silt

Exposure of Workers to Contaminated Site

Work Safety Measures

Traffic Management Safety

Forecasting Environmental Impact and Mitigation

Environment Management Plan

Institutional Requirements and Environmental Monitoring Plan

Environmental Monitoring Plan

Benefits of the Project

Community Consultation and Information Disclosure

16.1 Grievance Redressal Mechanism

Kerala Sustainable Urban Development Project | PIU Kollam

INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION REPORT

Environmental Compliance Requirements of the Sub-Project

Land Use of Kollam Municipal Corporation

Baseline Ambient Air Quality at Kadappakkada

Baseline Ambient Air Quality at Chinnakkada

Noise Level near Clock tower at Chinnakkada

Ground Water Quality at Kureepuzha

Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures

Environmental Management Plan

Environmental Monitoring Plan

Budget for Environment Monitoring Plan

Detailed Budget bases on the Environment Management Plan

Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) (checklist)

Kollam District Map

Lay out of Chinnakkada underpass

Plan and profile of the proposed Chinnakkada underpass (ROB)

Plan and profile of the proposed Chinnakkada underpass

Kerala Sustainable Urban Development Project | PIU Kollam

INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION REPORT

ABBREVIATIONS & ACRONYMS

- Asian Development Bank

- Biochemical Oxygen Demand

- Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organization

- Central Pollution Control Board

- Detailed Project Report

- Design and Supervision Consultant

- Environmental Impact Assessment

- Environment Management Plan