Chapter 03

Percentages (1) ()
Section
3.1

New Century Mathematics

Topic
Simple
Problems
Percentages

Objectives
Involving - Students should be able to use percentage to find a number.
- Students should be able to find the percentages ().

Homework
Ex.3A Q.1-2, 17
Ex.3A Q.5-6

- Students should be able to convert among fractions, decimals and

percentages.
- Students should be able to find the original number from a give percentage. Ex.3A Q.10, 23
3.2

Percentage Change

- Students should be able to find the original value, new value, increase / Ex.3B Q.5-6, 23-24
decrease (), percetage increase / decrease (
) and percentage change ().

3.3

Profit and Loss

- Students should be to find the cost price (), selling price (), profit Ex.3C Q.4, 16, 23, 26
/ loss () and profit per cent / loss per cent (
).

3.4

Discount

- Students should be able to find the marked price (), selling price,
discount () and discount per cent ().

3.5

Simple Interest

- Students should be able to find the principal (), simple interest ( Ex.3E Q.9-12
), interest rate per annum (), period of time () and amount
().

1.

2.

3.

A $3988 B $4088$4000 $300

Ex.3D Q.5-7, 22

Chapter 03
F.1_____

Percentages (1)

Handout 03-1

Name:______________________________________________(

25%

25%

DDC IDD 25%

DDC

DDC
$5.70
$5.70
$6.60
$6.10
$6.90
$7.10
$6.20

DDC
$5.42
$5.42
$6.27
$5.80
$6.56
$6.75
$5.89

IDD
$6.70
$6.80
$8.80
$7.20
$7.90
$7.90
$6.90

unit price

ABC $6.4$6.5 $6.3

1 C

IDD
X-Y
X-Z
=
100% =
100%
=X
X
X

DDC
=Y

DDC
=Z

$5.70

$5.42

$6.70

14.9%

19.1%

$5.70

$5.42

$6.80

16.2%

20.3%

$6.60

$6.27

$8.80

25.0%

28.8%

$6.10

$5.80

$7.20

15.3%

19.4%

$6.90

$6.56

$7.90

12.7%

17.0%

$7.10

$6.75

$7.90

10.1%

14.6%

$6.20

$5.89

$6.90

10.1%

14.6%

28.8% DDC

F.1 Mathematics
Chapter 03
Percentage (1)
A.
1.

Percentage Increase or Decrease

B. Profit and Loss

The profit of a company increase from $45 000 last 1.

year to $54 000 this year. What is the percentage
increase in profit?

2. The price of a radio decreases from $175 by $70. 2.

What is the percentage decrease in price?
3.

A man earns $7200 a month. If his monthly salary 3.

is raised by 10.5%, what is his new salary?

4.

The height of a tree was 5.5 m. After one year, the 4.

height of the tree was increased by 12%. Find its
new height.

A computer which costs $14 000 is sold at $16 000. 8.

Find (a) the profit,
(b) the profit per cent.
9.
A department store sold an umbrella at $36. If the
umbrella cost $27, find the gain per cent.

If a shopkeeper sells an article at $6, the gain per cent

is 20%. What will be the selling price if the
shopkeeper reduces his gain per cent to 10%?

A chair which costs $80 is sold at $56.

loss per cent.

Find the 10. If a calculator was sold at $230, the profit per cent
was 15%. What would be the profit per cent if it
was sold at $250?
A house which cost $2 100 000 was sold at a loss of
12%.
11. If a machine is sold at $7760, the loss per cent is 3%.
(a) What was the loss in dollars?
What is the loss per cent if the machine is sold at
(b) What was the selling price?
$7440?

5. There are now 3500 students in a school. If the

number of students is to be increased by 9% next 5. An article is bought at $90. If it is sold at a loss of 12.
year, how maby students will there be in the school
15%, find the selling price of the article.
next year?
6. A book which costs $45 is sold at a profit of 20%.
6. If Mr. Chans salary is increased by 15%, it would
(a) What is the profit?
become $10 350. What is his salary?
(b) What is the selling price?
13.
7.

By selling a pen at $51, the loss per cent is 20%.

Find the cost price of the pen.

If a certain sum of money is decreased by 10%, it 7. If a table is sold at $340, the loss per cent is 15%.
would become $360. Find the sum of money.
Find the cost price of the table.

A shopkeeper buys 20 dozen eggs for $80. If 4

dozen eggs are rotten and the remaining are sold at
$6 per dozen, what is the profit / loss per cent on the
whole?
A man sells two machines at $9900 each. On one
machine the gain per cent is 10% and on the other the
loss is 10%. Find his profit / loss per cent on the
whole.

C. Discount

D.

Simple Interest

1.

Find the discount and the selling price in each of the 8. After a 10% discount, a pen was sold at %5.4. Find 1. Find the simple interest and the amount on
following cases:
the marked price.
$250 000 at 3% per annum for 5 years.
(a) A discount of 10% on a marked price of $90.
(b) A discount of 25% on a marked price of $200. 9. An article is marked for sale at $5. The shopkeeper 2. What is the simple interest on $300 000 at 2.5%
(c) A discount of 5% on a marked price of $80.
gives a discount of 5% on this price and still makes a
2
p.a. for 23 years?
profit of 25%. Find the cost price.
2. A pair of shoes marked at $180 is sold at discount of
20%. Find the amount of discount.
10. The cost price of an article is $15.2. The marked price 3. Find the simple interst on $700 000 for 3 years at
is 25% more than the cost price. If the article is sold
4% per annum.
3. Find the total selling price of 120 pencils which are
at 10% discount, what is the selling price?
4. A man depositis $300 000 in a bank at 6% p.a. for
marked at 50 each, allowing 10% discount.
8 months.
(a) What is the simple interest?
4. A chair marked at $70 is sold at a discount of 10%.
(b) What is the amount received by him?
What is the selling price?
5.

A shirt marked at $125 is sold at $75. Find the

discount and the discount per cent.

6. In a shop, a watch is marked at $200 and a pen is

marked at $180. If Mr. Chan buys the watch at
20% discount and the pen at 15% discount, how
much should he pay?
7.

A television set was marked at $12 000. A

merchant bought it with a 5% discount. He then
sold it and made a profit of 20%. How much did
he sell the television set?

5. Mr. Chan deposits $1 500 000 in a bank. The

bank pays 2.5% p.a. simple interest. What is the
amount received by Mr. Chan after 18 months?
6.

Find the amount owed at the end of 6 years by a

man who borrows $5 500 000 at 3.5% p.a. simple
interest rate.

7.

A man invests $800 000 at 4% p.a. simple interest

rate and $600 000 at 6% p.a. simple interest rate.
What is his total annual interest on these
investments?

Answers
A.

Percentage Increase or Decrease

1.

20%

B. Profit and Lossb

1. (a) $2000
2.

40%

3.

$7956

4. 6.16 m

(b)

2
147 %

C. Discount

D.

Simple Interest

1.(a)

1.

Simple interest = $37 500,

Discount = $9,
selling price = $81

1
2. 333 %

(b) Discount = $50,

3. 30%
4. (a)

$252 000

(b)

$1 848 000

(c)

5. $76.5
5.
6.
7.

$9000
$400

$9

2.

$20 000

selling price price = $150

3.

$84 000

Discount = $4,

4.

(a)

selling price = $76

3815 students
6. (a)

amount = $287 500

(b)

7. $400
8. $63.75
9. $5.5

$54

12. Profit per cent = 20%

13. Loss per cent = 1%

$312 000

2.

$36

5.

$1 556 250

3.

$54

6.

$6 655 000

4.

$63

7.

$68 000

5.

Discount = $50,

10. 25%
11. 7%

(b)

$12 000

discount per cent = 40%

6.

$313

7.

$13 680

8.

$6

9.

$3.8

10. $17.1

Chapter 03
F.1_____
1.

Percentages (1)

Quiz 03-1

Name:______________________________________________________(
(b) 150% 150% 2
1
Arrange 3 , 30% and 0.33 in ascending order of
(Express the answer in simple fraction)
magnitude.
(1 mark)
150% 150% 2
30%

2.(a)

(b)

<

0.33

Marks:_____/ 43

5. Find the percentage change when

(a) 20 is changed to 25.
Percentage increase =

3
3
= 2 2 2

1
< 3

(b)

1
= 4

6
= 25
Convert 0.432 into percentage.

(c)

25 20
100%
20

= 25%

9
= 4 2

Convert 24% into simple fraction.

24
24% = 100

(6 marks)

25 is decreased by 5.
Percentage decrease =

4 + 0.5% 500% 20%

25 20
25 100%

= 20%

(Express the answer in percentage)

0.432 = 0.432 100%

4 + 0.5% 500% 20%

= 43.2%

= 400% + 0.5% 100%

1
(c) Convert 4 into percentage.
1
1
=
4
4 100%
= 25%
3.

Evaluate
(a) 150 150% 1 + 10%
(Express the answer in decimal)

(3 marks)
(6 marks)

4.

2
Solve 1 + x% = 4
2
1 + x% = 4
2 = 4 (1 + x%)

= 225 1 + 0.1
= 224.1

x% = 0.5
x = 50

40 is increased to 60.
Percentage increase =

= 300.5%

0.5 = 1 + x%
150 150% 1 + 10%

(c)

60 40
100%
40

= 50%
(3 marks)

6.

An article has cost price at $10 000. If the

shopkeeper raises it by 40% and set as the marked
price, and sold it at a discount of 10% off. Find the
(a) marked price
(b) discount
(c) selling price
(d) profit / loss
(e) profit / loss per cent.
(10 marks)
(a)

Marked price = $10 000 (1 + 40%)

= $14 000

(b)

Discount = $14 000 10%

= $1 400

(c)

7.

A shopkeeper used $250 to buy 500 eggs.

(a) Find the cost price of each egg.
(b) The shopkeeper raised 40% of the cost price
and set as the marked price. What is the
marked price per egg?
(c) If 20% of the eggs are rotten, how many eggs
are not rotten?
(d) If the good eggs are sold at the marked price,
and 10% discount is given.
(1) What is the total selling price?
(2) What is the discount?
(3) What is the profit / loss?
(4) What is the profit / loss per cent?
(a) Cost price of each egg = $250 500 (14 marks)

Selling price = $14 000 $1 400

(b)
= $12 600

(d)

Profit = $12 600 $10 000

= $2 600

(e)

2 600
Profit percentage = 10 000 100%
= 26%

= $0.5
Marked price per egg = $0.5 (1 + 40%)
= $0.7

Number of rotten eggs = 500 20%

= 100
Number of not rotten eggs = 500 100
= 400
(d)(1) Total selling price
(c)

= $0.7 (500 100) (1 10%)

= $252
(2) Discount = $0.7 (500 100) - $252
= $28
(3) Profit = $252 $250
= $2
(4)

2
Profit per cent = 250 100%
= 0.8%

Chapter 03
F.1_____

Percentages (1)

Quiz 03-2

Name:______________________________________________________(

1. Peter bought an article for $x. He sold it to Mary

at a profit of 20%. Mary then sold it to John for
$90 at a loss of 25%. Find x.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

3.

56.25
81
90
100
144

2. By selling an article at 10% discount off the marked 4.

price, a shop still makes 20% profit. If the cost
price of the article is $19 800, then the marked price
is

The marked price of a toy is $120 and the percentage 5.(a)

profit is 60%. If the toy is sold at a discount of
20%, the profit is
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

$14.40
$21.00
$24.00
$33.60
$48.00

If a dictionary is sold at its marked price, then the

percentage profit is 30%. If the dictionary is sold
at a 20% discount on its marked price, then the
profit is $5. Find the cost of the dictionary.

A man deposited $50 000 in a bank at an interest

rate of 6% per annum simple interest. After
several years, he got back $65 000. Find the
time taken.
(b) If he put $50 000 in another bank at an interest
rate of 5% p.a. simple interest. After 2 years,
find
(1) the total simple interest, and
(2) the amount
he would get back from the second bank.
(6 marks)
65 000 50 000
(a) Time taken =
years
50 000 6%
= 5 years

(b)(1)
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

$21 600
$26 136
$26 400
$27 225
$27 500

Marks:_____/ 32

A.
B.
C.
D.

$104
$105
$125
$130

Total simple interest = $50 000 5% 2

= $5 000

(2)

Amount = $50 000 + $5 000

= $55 000

6.

Peter invested $50 000 in Bank A at 4% p.a. simple

interest. Find
(a) the interest after half year, and
(b) the amount he could get back after half year.
If after half year, he took out all money and
deposited in Bank B, he would get back $54 000
after another year. Find
(c) the interest rate of Bank B per annum, and
(d) the total time needed that the amount he got
would be twice the principal he put in Bank B.
(8 marks)
(a)

7.(a)

(a)(1)

= $100 000
(2)

Simple interest = $110 000 $100 000

= $10 000

(b)

Marked price = $110 000 (1 + 20%)

Simple interest after half year

= $132 000

= $50 000 4% 0.5

= $1 000
(b)

Amount he could get back after half year

= $50 000 + $1 000
= $51 000

(c)(1)

Interest rate per annum

=

54 000 51 000
100%
51 000 0.5

(3)

Loss for the sale = $110 000 $79 200

= $30 800

(4)
He can get $3 000 per half year,
and he needs 8.5 years to double the principal.

Selling price = $132 000 $52 800

= $79 200

13
= 1117 %
(d)

Discount = $132 000 40%

= $52 800

(2)
(c)

110 000
Principal = $
1 + 5% 2

30 800
Loss percentage = 110 000 100%
= 28%

Mary deposited a certain amount of money in a

bank at a rate at 5% per annum. After 2 years,
she got back $110 000, find
(1) the principal, and
(2) the simple interest.
(b) She took out all the amount and buy an article.
She set 20% more as the marked price, what is the
marked price?
(c) She then gave a 40% discount. Find
(1) the discount,
(2) the selling price,
(3) her final profit / loss for the sale, and
(4) the profit / loss per cent for the sale.
(14 marks)