Академический Документы
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The main entrance for the users are usually located facing the most crowded
The bin collector or refuse chamber should not be placed directly against the
strongest wind direction to avoid unnecessary smell going to inside the
building.
LOADING SPACES
The spaces are divided into few areas which are :
Loading area ; For loading and unloading goods to the storage and remove
rubbish from the building
Cold storage ; To store cold and wet food that need to be stored in a low
temperature room.
This include the use of freezer box which is used to store cold
food such as meat and vegetables. There are four units of
g) the driver of the vehicle is responsible for ensuring that the load is secure: operators
of lift trucks should take instructions from the driver concerning positioning of loads;
h) loading/unloading should never be carried out on significant gradients.
2. When an opening or edge is being used to load/unload goods or materials from one
level to another, where there is a danger of a person falling, it should be fenced as far as
possible. If fencing is not possible, alternative safeguards should be used as far as
possible, for example a secure guard rail which goods or materials may safely pass under
or over.
Dock Levelers
3. Dock levelers are devices used to bridge the gap between the loading dock and
vehicle trailer, thereby providing access for lift trucks and roll containers etc. There
are two basic types:
a) hydraulic- raised and lowered by an electrically powered hydraulic cylinder;
b) mechanical -activated by a pull chain or other device that releases a spring
mechanism,raising the platform and extending the lip. The platform descends
into its workingposition on the trailer bed when an employee 'walks down' the
platform.
4. The main hazards associated with dock levelers are:
a) trapping of feet or toes between the descending platform and loading dock;
b) overturning of mechanical handling devices (for example by contact with
raised or depressed platform);
c) trips or falls caused by raised or depressed platform;
d) falls of people, goods or materials from platform.
e) trapping of people underneath dock leveler.
5. The following safeguards should be adopted when dock levelers are used:
a) when dock levelers, which are installed as an integral part of the loading dock,
are not in use and people, lift trucks, roll containers or other mechanical
handling devices are likely to travel over or adjacent to the dock leveler, its
platform should be returned to a horizontal position flush with the loading dock
as soon as loading/unloading is completed. A mechanism fitted to the dock
leveler which automatically returns the platform to a horizontal position after
use will give increased protection against the risks caused by inadvertent
raised or depressed platform positions;
b) toe guards should be provided, for example fencing at the sides of the leveler
that prevent feet or toes from being caught under the platform as it descends
c) provide a mechanism which prevents the springs from pulling back the
platform to its raised position during loading/unloading on mechanical dock
levelers (this will prevent the risk of a lift truck reversing into the raised
platform when leaving the trailer);
d) provide a mechanism which prevents the platform from free-falling in the
event of an emergency, for example premature departure of a vehicle.
e) provide skirt plates or other suitable devices to enclose the trapping hazards
below the platform;
f) provide manually operated scotches or other equally effective means to
enable the dock leveler to be mechanically locked in a raised position when
maintenance or repair work is
necessary.
Maintenance
6. Defective dock leveler safety features, twisted, cracked or misaligned platforms or
other
defects can cause serious accidents, for example overturning of lift trucks.
Employers should
therefore have:
a. an effective system to report defects and carry out remedial repair
work;
b. a planned routine maintenance system.
TYPES OF SERVICES
- fire-fighting system
- electrical system
- mechanical ventilation system
- loading and unloading system
- solid-waste system
- water supply system
- sewerage system
entrance.
Some
are
being
put
at
the
racks.
COMMENTS/PROPOSAL
1.NO SITE BARRIER
From the entrance, the view from
loading unloading area already give
off bad impression to the visitors
because of improper site barrier and
it level of cleanliness itself.
Proposed idea:
To avoid the visitor feel distracted by the mess of loading unloading area, it is
important to design a wall or vegetation to deviate their focus and to give off sense of
welcoming.
Proposed idea:
Therefore, it is important to provide storage for palettes near to the loading unloading
area. The location of storage must not disturb the process of loading unloading and
also must near to access from the the lorry or truck so that the time to unload or load
the palettes can be cut off.
Less efficiency can be seen in the building through the let-able area to services area
ratio. The services area takes more than enough spaces for it to operates.
Calculation of the current efficiency can be seen as below:
Site area: 22283.69 m2
Proposed Idea:
The services area is optimised and the let-able area is expanded. It is crucial for the
benefit of the company in the long run through anticipation of public and potential
customers.