Arresto menor,

Relate articles 25, 70 and 71:

Public censure.
Penalties common to the three preceding classes:

Art. 25. Penalties which may be imposed. The penalties which may be imposed

Fine, and

according to this Code, and their different classes, are those included in the following:

Bond to keep the peace.

Scale
PRINCIPAL PENALTIES
Capital punishment:
Death.
Afflictive penalties:
Reclusion perpetua,
Reclusion temporal,
Perpetual or temporary absolute disqualification,
Perpetual or temporary special disqualification,

ACCESSORY PENALTIES
Perpetual or temporary absolute disqualification,
Perpetual or temporary special disqualification,
Suspension from public office, the right to vote and be voted for the profession or calling.
Civil interdiction,
Indemnification,
Forfeiture or confiscation of instruments and proceeds of the offense,
Payment of costs.

Prision mayor.
Correctional penalties:
Prision correccional,

Classification of penalties:

Principal art 25

Accessory deemed included in the imposition of the principal penalties

Arresto mayor,

According to divisibility (principal)

Suspension,
Destierro.
Light penalties:

divisible those that have fixed duration and are divisible into 3 periods

indivisible no fixed duration (death, RP, perpetual or absolute disqualification)

According to subject matter

In the imposition of the penalties, the order of their respective severity shall be followed
so that they may be executed successively or as nearly as may be possible, should a

corporal death

pardon have been granted as to the penalty or penalties first imposed, or should they

deprivation of freedom reclusion, prision, arresto

have been served out.

restriction of freedom destierro

For the purpose of applying the provisions of the next preceding paragraph the

deprivation of rights disqualification and suspension

pecuniary fine

According to gravity

respective severity of the penalties shall be determined in accordance with the following
scale:
1.

Death,

2.

Reclusion perpetua,

capital

3.

Reclusion temporal,

afflictive

4.

Prision mayor,

correccional

5.

Prision correccional,

light

6.

Arresto mayor,

7.

Arresto menor,

court, while acquitting an accused may, with unquestionable propriety express its

8.

Destierro,

disapproval or reprehension of those acts to avoid the impression that by acquitting the

9.

Perpetual absolute disqualification,

10

Temporal absolute disqualification.

disqualification and suspension may be principal or accessory penalties because they are

11.

Suspension from public office, the right to vote and be voted for, the right to

found in 2 general classes.

follow a profession or calling, and

Public censure is a penalty, and being such, is not proper in acquittal. But a competent

accused it approves or admires his conduct.

Permanent and temporary absolute and permanent and temporary special

Art. 70. Successive service of sentence. When the culprit has to serve two or more

12.

Public censure.

penalties, he shall serve them simultaneously if the nature of the penalties will so permit

Notwithstanding the provisions of the rule next preceding, the maximum duration of the

otherwise, the following rules shall be observed:

convicts sentence shall not be more than three-fold the length of time corresponding to
the most severe of the penalties imposed upon him. No other penalty to which he may be

liable shall be inflicted after the sum total of those imposed equals the same maximum
period.
Such maximum period shall in no case exceed forty years.
In applying the provisions of this rule the duration of perpetual penalties ( pena
perpetua) shall be computed at thirty years. (As amended).

4.

Prision mayor,

5.

Prision correccional,

6.

Arresto mayor,

7.

Destierro,

8.

Arresto menor,

9.

Public censure,
Fine.

Maximum duration of the convicts sentence: 3 times the most severe penalty

Max period shall not exceed 40 years

Subsidiary imprisonment this shall be excluded in computing for the maximum

10.

duration

SCALE NO. 2

Example: Juan has 10 sentences of 6 months and 1 day each and a fine of 1000. He was not able

1.

Perpetual absolute disqualification,

to pay the fine. Therefore, he must serve subsidiary penalty after 18 months and 3 days in jail.

2.

Temporal absolute disqualification

3.

Suspension from public office, the right to vote and be

Art. 71. Graduated scales. In the case in which the law prescribed a penalty lower or

voted for, the right to follow a profession or calling,

higher by one or more degrees than another given penalty, the rules prescribed in Article
61 shall be observed in graduating such penalty.

4.

Public censure,

The lower or higher penalty shall be taken from the graduated scale in which is

5.

Fine.

comprised the given penalty.

The courts, in applying such lower or higher penalty, shall observe the following
graduated scales:
SCALE NO. 1
1.

Death,

2.

Reclusion perpetua,

3.

Reclusion temporal,