IT BASED ENERGY MANAGEMENT THROUGH DEMAND SIDE

IN THE INDUSTRIAL SECTOR.

Dr. Inamdar H. P*.

Mr. Hasabe R.P.**

Walchand College of Engineering, Sangli, Maharashtra.

Abstract:
Every year, the demand of electricity is
increasing by 6-8 per cent, while production is
not increasing in the same ratio. Due to this
reason, the gap between demand and supply is
constantly increasing. To reduce this gap, there
are two alternative ways: one is to generate
more electricity, which requires huge
investment and second is to conserve the
electricity from utility side that is Demand side.
The generation capacity in our country is
around 1,05,000 MW, but due to inefficiency
of power system, lack of advanced meters at
various stages viz. generation, transmission and
distribution, about 40 percent of energy is
wasted. Therefore, there is urgent need to
improve the efficiency of the power system
from generating point to consumer end to
reduce this wastage of energy. Simultaneously,
it is required to give an attention for
conservation of energy at all levels, otherwise
our country may lag behind.
The Demand Side Management is a strong tool
for Energy Management and Conservation in
industries. For effective energy management
and conservation, IT based Energy Auditing is
employed, where-in computers are used for
data storage and display. By connecting clampon meters with computers, it is possible to have
data management, network communication,
remote monitoring, report formats, harmonics
data analysis etc.
This paper explains how conservation and
management of electrical energy can be made
possible by using computers and advanced
metering technologies in industrial sector.
Index Terms: -Demand side management,
Time-of-Day tariffs, File transfers Port,
Energy Saving Company Organization.
*Dr.Inamdar H.P. Professor of Electrical Engineering Dept.
**Hasabe R.P. Lecturer of Electrical Engineering Dept.
W.C.E. SANGLI.
1. Introduction

Energy conservation means using energy more

efficiently and effectively by reducing wastages
of energy. For making energy conservation
effective, Energy audit is basic tool. Auditing is
the process to identify the wastages of energy
without in any way affecting productivity and
growth rate. In conservation process usually
new investment are required such as
replacement of old inefficient equipments to
new one. It can be made successful by planning
maximum energy efficiency and maximum cost
effectives. Though energy conservation 15 to
25% of total energy can be saved in various
sectors such as Agricultarture, industry etc.
This paper explains the different case studies
and how conservation and management of
electrical energy is possible by using
Information Technology.
1.1 The Energy Scenario in India:
With the growth of economy since
independence, the countrys power requirement
has grown substantially. India today faces a
peak shortage of about 11-18% and an energy
shortage of about 7-11%. India has a rapidly
growing economy and projected economic
growth (@6.4%) will necessiate corresponding
growth in energy requirements. The Govt. of
India has ambitious plans to achieve an
addition of about 95,000 MW of new power
generation capacity by 2012 to meet the current
shortfall and also to achieve the projected
growth targets during 10th and 11th Five Years
plans. It is estimated that the addition of new
capacity will require at least Rs.80 Million/MW
for generation plant cost as well as associated T
and D network cost. In India, electric energy
consumption for different sectors is as follows
1)Industrial: 47% 2) Domestic and commercial:
10% 3) Agriculture: 5% 4) Transport: 24%
5)Others: 14%
2. Objectives of Energy Management:
Energy management is the judicious and
effective use of energy to maximize profits and
enhance competitive positions. Some desirable

objectives of energy management programs

include -Conserving energy, thereby reducing
costs. Cultivating good communications on
energy matters. Developing and maintaining
effective
monitoring,
reporting
and
management strategies for wise energy usage.
Finding new and better ways to increase returns
from energy management programme from all
employees. Reducing the impacts of
curtailments, brownouts or any interruption in
energy supplies.
3.Barriers for Energy Efficiency and
Conservation Sector:
Following are the reason of barriers for energy
Efficiency. (1) Inefficient pricing of energy
which results in inefficient use (free or highly
concessional power results in more wastage
due to less motivation to save) (2) Short term
perspective of industries (viz. little interest in
investing in Energy Efficiency measures to cut
the input costs for long term survival) (3)
Absence of larger players in ESCO industry
(unlike USE or Canada, where ESCOs have
undertaken very large value energy saving
projects) (4) No Time Of Day based tariff
mechanism (higher tariff for peak period) in
most of the states. (5) Lack of medium term
loan and leasing facilities for energy saving
products and devices. (6) Lack of awareness
among energy end-users (7) Obsolete energy
consumption standard (no periodic revisions,
labeling is not yet compulsory) (8) No
indigenous
R and D efforts for energy
efficient technologies.
3.1 Institutional
i) Poor information about and lack of
experience in the energy sector.
ii) Ignorance of what is available in terms of
technology and know-how to promote
efficiency and proper maintenance.
iii) Bias in favour of encouraging energy
provision and usages without similar bias
towards efficiency.
iv) Unwillingness to press for full-cost pricing
in developing countries usually for
understandable social and political reasons.
v) Opposition from politicians and public
revenue officials to the imposition of

earmarked taxes to promote energy

efficiency.
vi) Poor linkages between utilities and users
and between purchasers and users.
vii) Intellectual property rights, which are
intended to reflect the efforts and costs put
into developing new ideas, products and
processes. Unwillingness to promote public
information campaigns.
3.2 Financial and Economic:
Following are the reason of barriers for energy
Efficiency.
(1) Difficulty in identifying and calculating
savings with precision. Value of, and returns
on, existing assets. (2) Financial accounting
and budgeting methods. (3) Low energy prices,
subsidies which encourage marginal demand at
minimal cost. (4) Threshold level of energy and
cost savings (below which investments do not
seem worth making).(5) Perceived high capital
cost of energy efficient technologies as a
barrier for poor, heavily indebted countries.
3.3 Technical
Following are the technical reason of barriers
for energy Efficiency. (1) Non-availability of
more advanced technology. (2)Non-availability
of new materials and other substitutes.(3)
Infrastructure limitations. (4) Cultural norms.
(5) Tendency towards over sizing/low capacity
utilization. (6) Lack of research, development
and demonstration. (7) Lack of technical and
managerial expertise. Poor maintenance and
lack of spare parts.
4. Case Study
Name and Address: M/S Shivshakti Cold
Storage, G- 3/C, MIDC Kupwad, Tal. Miraj,
Dist.- Sangli. Ph. No.: (0233) 2645655.
Nature of Work: Cold storage
Monthly Electricity : 8,372 KWh.
Consumption (Average)
Monthly Electricity: Rs. 39,198/Expenses (Average)
Connected Load (KW) : 115.00
Sanctioned Load (KW) : 115.00
Contract Demand (KVA) : 75.00
Sanctioned Demand (KVA): 75.00
Working Hours
:
24 hrs.
No. of working days :
365 days

Total staff

10

B i l l i ng P e r i od Vs A v e r a ge P F

0.99

0.98

0.97

0.96
Aver age PF
0.95

0.94

0.93

0.92

0.91
0

B i l l i ng P e r i od

Fig.1: Monthly variation of average PF

B i l l i ng P e r i od V s P F I nc e nt i v e

2500

2250

2000

1750

1500

1250

PF Incentive

1000

750

500

250

0
0

B i l l i ng P e r i od

Fig.2: Monthly variation of PF incentive

4.1 Analysis :
From the survey done at Shivshakti cold
storage, it has been observed that the existing
lighting load employs a good quality slim tube

lights, (36W). Hence, no recommendation is

necessary for lighting load.
As the cold storage plant is required to be
operated 24 Hrs. hence, question of load
shifting does not arise. Due to this change in
TOD tariff zone is also not recommended.
4.2 Power Factor Compensation:
By studying the
electricity consumption
pattern it is seen that the power factor is
maintained at a good level i.e. it is 0.92. But,
this PF is not sufficient to get the PF incentive
from MSEB. To get PF incentive, the PF must
be maintained above 0.95. In order to maintain
the PF above 0.95 improvement in capacitor
bank is recommended.
The capacitors required for PF
improvement in order to get PF incentive can
be calculated from the general formula.
KVAr == 5.6 KVAr
The nearest standard value of capacitors
is 5 KVAr. Hence, additional 5 KVAr capacitor
is recommended so as to make the PF to
unity.Then the total capacity of APFC panel
will become to 45 KVAr.
5. Proposed It Based Energy Auditing And
Energy Management
It is necessary that the customer has to be made
aware of various useful information such as
different DSM tools, power factor of industry,
different data, peak load etc. Hence it is
proposed to implement IT based Energy
Auditing and Energy Management programmes
and hence to connect computer with various
kinds of power meters, to collect and analyze
the appropriate data and to send the information
to the customer or energy manager through email or SMS to that industry.
The IT-based Energy Auditing and Energy
Management on Demand Side consists of the
following.
(I) Data Measurement.
(II) Data Analysis Program.
(III) Advanced Data Management.
(IV) Network Communication.
5.1 Advanced data management
The available graphs and tables can be sent
to the industry to take corrective action. This

data is sent using data communication as shown

in figure 3.

arrangement figure 4, Energy Auditor can also

be collect data from different three locations by
using measurement instruments M/C1, M/C2,
& M/C3. The alarms from Model MV
(Software device) can be sent to PC as E-mail.
Also Internet Browser on PC can monitor
Model MV.

Figure 3 Advanced data management

From such type of arrangement, the data is
directly available on PC. Customers can
connect power meter to a PC through dedicated
cable.
A printer can be connected through cable to
print measurement data. If customer has a
media reader connected to PC, measurement
data and settings can be uploaded directly to a
PC from CF pack. Thus, in industry if load is
increased above maximum demand, or power
factor is changed from desired value, or if
harmonics are present, then energy auditor or
customer can easily know the data and its
variation, and can easily take corrective action.
Thus, energy utilization will be made proper
and demand side energy management can be
achieved.
5.2 Network Communication
Figure 4. shows an arrangement for Network
Communication. From this arrangement, Data
collection, Data Management, WEB function,
e-mail alarm function, FTP functions are
possible. In WEB function mode, one can
monitor Internet Browser on PC. The alarm
from this system can be sent to PC as an e-mail.
In this arrangement, one can send data as a file
to PC by using FTP function. In this

M/C1

M/C2

M/C3

Measuring Instruments
Figure 4 Network Communications
For todays Networked-data environment, the
MobileCorder is an innovative paperless
recorder designed and with a wide-viewingangle TFT colors display, Ethernet port, and
removable storage media (floppy disks,
PCMCIA and ATA flash memory cards, and
Zip disks). This data logger can be used as a
standalone unit or in a networked environment.
Meter screen data can be displayed on a www
browser (Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.0/5.5).
When screen auto-update mode is selected on
the browser, the screen on the browser is
automatically updated every 30 seconds. The
user can also change the screen display type
(trend display, digital display, bar graph
display, historical trend display, etc.) and
display groups, and enter messages through the

browser. The Web server function makes it

easy to set up a remote monitoring environment
with zero startup costs. Thus, from this
arrangement information regarding different
instantaneous values, of energy can be saved.
Important SMS, e-mail can be sent to industry
customer.
If one wishes to exchange data between remote
LANs (such as between a main-office LAN and
a laboratory LAN), one can connect them
through a PSTN line or leased line to form a
WAN as shown in figure.5 This arrangement
can transmit the data such as, alarm notification
messages,
power-restoration
messages
following an outage, memory-full messages,
storage-media-full
messages,
periodic
instantaneous values, report data, and other
information. Multiple recipients can also be
registered. When connected to the Internet, this
system can send e-mail anywhere in the world.
An e-mail-capable cellular phone can be used
to receive instantaneous remote notification of
alarms.

Figure 5 Wan connection

Figure 6 Total System Connections

Figure 6 shows all connection of system
components. One format of SMS is also shown
in figure.7 From all above information industry
people obtain smoother loads and save energy.

Figure 7 A typical Received e-mail

6 Conclusion
The solution of energy conservation and cost
reduction can be summarised as , Obtaining
load curves smoother, Review of contract
demand and Monitoring to prevent excessive
demand power are the keys for Energy
conservation and cost reduction. These are
achieved effectively through IT based Energy
Auditing and Energy Management through
demand side. Due to its implementation it is
observed that there is much saving in the
wastage of electricity and thereby the reduction
in monthly bill of industry. The extra cost for
the instrumentation will be recovered within a
short period. Hence it is suggested that IT
based
Energy
Auditing
and
Energy
Management through demand side in the
industrial sector be implemented at the earliest.
7. References
1. Proceedings of International seminar on
Energy Audit & Conservation of IEEMA,
Mumbai, 2001.
2. Shankar Lal Energy Efficiency &
Conservation Indian Perspective IREDA
News, Dated 20th June 2003.
3. Pabla A. S. Electrical Power Systems
Planning Mc-Milan India Limited, New Delhi,
1998.

4. Paul O Callaghan A comprehensive guide to

reducing cost by efficient energy use Mc-Graw
Hill Book Company, London, 1993.
5. Albert Thuman P. E. Plant Engineers
&Managers Guide to Energy Conservation
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York,
1977.
6. B. N. Raval GEBs efforts towards energy
conservation through DSM G. S. E. B. Baroda.
7. K. R. Kulkarni, S. D. Inamdar, V. L.
Sonavane DSM & Energy Audit Future
thrust areas in distribution system M. S. E. B.
Mumbai.
8. Rangan Banerjee, Jyoti Parikh Planning for
Demand Side Management in the Electricity
Sector Tata Mc-Graw Hill Book Company,
New Delhi, 1994.
9. Industrial Electricity Supply Systems
Practical Energy Audit Manual by Tata Energy
Research