Signaling Storm Solution Trial Proposal

----FD & Cell PCH Feature Trial Deployment

Institute:

Huawei

Date

2012-5-1

Audit:

Date

Authorize:

Date
:

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

All rights reserved

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Documentation Revision History

Version
1.0

Date
2012-04-25

Updates description
Initial version

References

1. WCDMA RAN13.0 Feature Documentation

Glossary of Terms and Acronyms

Abbreviations
FD

2012-06-27

Full spelling

Fast Dormancy

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Contents
SIGNALING STORM SOLUTION TRIAL PROPOSAL ..................................................................I
1 APPLICATION SCOPE......................................................................................................................4
2 SIGNALING STORM SOLUTION...................................................................................................5
2.1 BACKGROUND...............................................................................................................................5
2.2 DESCRIPTION.................................................................................................................................6
3 TRIAL ENVIRONMENT REQUIREMENTS.................................................................................9
3.1 NETWORK ELEMENTS REQUIREMENTS..............................................................................9
1)RAN EQUIPMENT..............................................................................................................................9
2)SOFTWARE VERSION....................................................................................................................10
4 TRIAL PLAN.....................................................................................................................................10
5 SOLUTION IMPLEMENTATION..................................................................................................11
5.1 PARAMETER CONFIGURATION..............................................................................................11
1)CELL_PCH.........................................................................................................................................11
2)FD.........................................................................................................................................................11
5.2 IMPLEMENTATION.....................................................................................................................12
1)SECOND SCCPCH EXPAND IN OLD TRAFFORD CELLS......................................................12
2)THE TRANSMISSION FACTOR OF IUPS & IUB.......................................................................12
3)ENABLE CELL_PCH.......................................................................................................................12
4)ENABLE FD.......................................................................................................................................12
5)CORRELATIVE PARAMETER ADJUST......................................................................................13
5.3 EFFECT EVALUATE....................................................................................................................13
5.4 KPI MONITORING.......................................................................................................................15
5.5 KPI IMPACTS RISK ANALYSIS AND COUNTERMEASURES............................................16

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1 Application Scope
This document describes the Field trial procedures for Huawei Signaling Storm Solution
which including Cell PCH and FD (Fast Dormancy) features.
This document is highly confidential and strictly to be used only by XXX Operator for the
sole purpose of understanding Huawei trial scheme. Information contained in this document shall
not be disclosed to any party unless it is expressly authorized by Huawei.

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2 Signaling Storm Solution

2.1 Background
The number of 3G smartphones, such as iPhone, Blackberry, Nokia, and Android-based
smartphones, is increasing rapidly on Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS)
networks globally. Some applications embedded on smartphones, such as instant messaging and
mail applications, communicate with Internet servers frequently. These applications initiate a large
number of sessions in the packet switched (PS) domain in a short period and each session involves
a small amount of data. To reduce power consumption, some smartphones send a signaling
connection release indication (SCRI) message to the radio network controller (RNC) to release the
Radio Resource Control (RRC) connection after the communication with the server ends. In this
case, in each synchronization cycle, these smartphones will initiate an RRC request, synchronize
PS data, and release the RRC connection. Frequent RRC requests and releases generate a large
number of signals and cause signaling storms.
The large signaling traffic caused by smartphones consume considerable CPU resources on
the service process unit (SPU) board and PIU board of the RNC and the NodeB baseband board,
without bringing revenues to telecom operators. In addition, the RNC or NodeB CPU overload
occurs in some offices without proper measures, affecting the network capacity and stability.
To minimize the service impact of signaling storms on UMTS networks, smartphone
signaling storm solutions are developed.
The CELL_PCH, FD, and EFD solutions are provided in V900R012C01SPH226 and later
versions. The basic principle of these solutions is to migrate smartphone users to common
channels rather than releasing the RRC connection on the RNC side during the UE
synchronization intervals. In this case, when the next synchronization cycle begins, the UE does
not need to initiate new RRC and radio access bearer (RAB) access requests but initiates a cell
update instead, which reduces signaling process resource consumption on the radio access

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network (RAN) system.

2.2 Description
The relative parameters of timer shown as below:
Type

MML

Timer

Description

Enable CELL_PCH

SET

BEF2PSTATETRANSTI

The default value is 65535, this value is too long, and it is equal to

UUESTATE

MER

close the F2P.

TRANSTIM
ER

To enable CELL_PCH, the suggest value is 5 seconds.

BED2FSTATETRANSTI

The default value is 5 seconds.

MER
BEH2FSTATETRANSTI

The default value is 5 seconds.

MER
BEE2FSTATETRANSTI

The default value is 5 seconds.

MER
SET

PsInactTmrForInt

The default value is 20, it means RNC will release this connection

UPSINACT

after 20 seconds if no data transmission, this value is too short.

TIMER

To enable CELL_PCH, the suggest value is 1800 seconds.

PsInactTmrForBac

The default value is 20, it means RNC will release this connection
after 20 seconds if no data transmissionthis value is too short.
To enable CELL_PCH, the suggest value is 1800 seconds.

Enable R8FD

SET

PsInactTmrForFstDrmD

UPSINACT

ch

TIMER

PsInactTmrForFstDrmFa

The default value is 4, Suggest not changed.

The default value is 5, Suggest not changed.

ch

SET

PsInactTmrForPreFstDr

The default value is 10 seconds.

To enable FD, the suggest value is 1800 seconds.

T323

The default value is INVALID to enable FD, the value must not

UCONNMO

be INVALID, the suggest value is D120.

DETIMER

1)

Default Setting

After a UE is inactive for a period, the UE is changed to the CELL_FACH state. If

CELL_PCH not enabled, the UE is changed to IDLE state directly when the
PsInactTmrForInt time expired.

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CELL_PCH features activated

After a UE is inactive for a period, the UE is changed to the CELL_PCH state. When the UE
requests for data transmission, the data is transmitted in P2F2D2F2P or P2F2P mode. This reduces
signaling resource consumption and system resource consumption.
3)

R8 FD activated

If the FD feature is disabled, the RNC releases the UE after the UE sends an SCRI message.
The UE enters idle state. When the UE changes to connection state, it needs to re-initiate an RRC
connection.
In the R8 FD solution, for an R8 UE with the cause "UE Requested PS Data Session End" in
the SCRI, its state is changed to the CELL_FACH state and then CELL_PCH after timer expired..
When the UE requests for data transmission, the data is transmitted in P2F2D2F2P or P2F2P
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mode. This reduces signaling resource consumption and system resource consumption. For a UE
with other causes or without any causes in the SCRI, the connection is released directly and the
UE returns to the idle state.
UE in DCH state:

UE in FACH state:

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3 Trial Environment Requirements

3.1 Network Elements Requirements
1)

RAN Equipment
Table 1 Required RAN equipment

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NE

Equipment ID

RNC

RNC722

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Software Version
Table 2 Required software version
Product

Feature

Version

BSC6900

Cell_PCH

BSC6900 V900R012C01SPC500 and later

version

BSC6900

R8FD

BSC6900 V900R012C01SPH522 and

later

version

4 Trial Plan
Trial area: RNC722
Trial plan:
Following table lists specific suggestions for the trial plan:
Phase

Date

Duration

Case

Content

Number
Phase 1: preparation
Choose RNC to switch

2012/5/1

0.5 day

on Signaling storm
solution
Phase 2: Prepare script
Parameter Prepare

2012/5/1

1 day

2012/5/3

1 day

2012/5/3

1 week

Including the rollback script.

Phase 3: Implement
Parameter Execute
Phase 4: KPI monitor
Monitoring

Network

KPIs

The changes on the number of PS

RAB connections,

SPU

and

CE

service call drop rate, and combined

service proportion must be monitored
with emphasis.
Phase 5: Report
Summary report

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5 Solution implementation
5.1 Parameter Configuration
1) CELL_PCH

CELL_PCH inactivity timer

Parameter definition: When the UE has no PS data transmission for a configured period,
the PDCP layer requests the RRC layer to release the service connection.

F2D 4A event threshold

Parameter definition: When the 4A event service traffic of the UE exceeds the
configured threshold, the UE is transited from FACH/E_FACH to DCH/HSPA.
The recommended value is D1024.

CELL_ DCH to CELL_ FACH transition timer

Parameter definition: When the UE initiating non-realtime services in the CELL_ DCH
state is inactive for a configured period, the BE service of the UE is transited from the DCH
state to the FACH state.

CELL_ FACH to CELL_PCH transition timer

Parameter definition: When the UE initiating non-realtime services in the CELL_ FACH
state is inactive for a configured period, the BE service of the UE is transited from the FACH
state to the PCH state.

2) FD
For the CELL_PCH solution, configure the following parameters:

CELL_PCH inactivity timer

Parameter definition: When the FD UE in the CELL_PCH state has no data transmission
for the configured period, the PDCP layer requests the RRC layer to release the service
connection.

CELL_ FACH inactivity timer

Parameter definition: When the FD UE in the CELL_ FACH state has no data
transmission for the configured period, the UE is transited from the CELL_ FACH state to
the CELL_PCH state.

CELL_ DCH inactivity timer

Parameter definition: When the FD UE in the CELL_ DCH state has no data
transmission for the configured period, the UE is transited from the CELL_ DCH state to the
CELL_PCH state. Note: You can choose the D2F or D2P transition after the timer expires.
The D2F transition is recommended.

F2D 4A event threshold

Parameter definition: When the 4A event service traffic of the FD UE exceeds the
configured threshold, the UE is transited from FACH/E_FACH to DCH/HSPA.
The default value is D1K. If the value is too large, congestion may occur on the

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common channel.

5.2 Implementation
1) Second SCCPCH expand in Old Trafford cells
The example of add script and rollback script show in the follow attachment.

Second SCCPCH.txt

2) The transmission factor of IUPS & IUB

The suggest value of transmission is 10%. The example of script shows below.
Modify:
ADD TRMFACTOR:

FTI=1,

REMARK="IUPS_FACTOR10",

PSINTERDL=10,

PSINTERUL=10,

PSBKGDL=10, PSBKGUL=10, HDINTERDL=10, HDBKGDL=10, HUINTERUL=10, HUBKGUL=10;

ADD ADJMAP: ANI=8, ITFT=IUPS, FTI=1;
Rollback
RMV ADJMAP: ANI=8, ITFT=IUPS;

3) Enable CELL_PCH
//Prolong PS inactive timer to1800s
SET UPSINACTTIMER: PSINACTTMRFORINT=1800,PSINACTTMRFORBAC=1800;
//Set State transmission timer to 5s
SET UUESTATETRANSTIMER:BEF2PSTATETRANSTIMER=5, BED2FSTATETRANSTIMER=5,
BEH2FSTATETRANSTIMER=5;
//Rollback script
SET UPSINACTTIMER: PSINACTTMRFORINT=20,PSINACTTMRFORBAC=20;
SET

UUESTATETRANSTIMER:BEF2PSTATETRANSTIMER=65535,

BED2FSTATETRANSTIMER=2,

BEH2FSTATETRANSTIMER=2;

4) Enable FD
//EFD enable
SET LICENSE: SETOBJECT=UMTS, ISPRIMARYPLMN=YES, FastDormancyEnhancement=******;
//Enable T323 timer

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SET UCONNMODETIMER: T323=D120;

//Enable the FD function
SET URRCTRLSWITCH: PROCESSSWITCH=FAST_DORMANCY_SWITCH-1;
// Enable the FACH to DCH state transition during CS establishment and enable the D2F2P transition.
SET URRCTRLSWITCH: RsvdPara1=RSVDBIT1_BIT21-0&RSVDBIT1_BIT29-0;
//Adjust the Fast Dormancy timer
SET UPSINACTTIMER: PSINACTTMRFORPREFSTDRM=1800, PSINACTTMRFORFSTDRMDCH=55,
PSINACTTMRFORFSTDRMFACH=5;

//Set the 4A event threshold for F2D transitions to D1024

SET UUESTATETRANS: FASTDORMANCYF2DHTVMTHD=D1024;
. //FD Rollback
SET URRCTRLSWITCH: PROCESSSWITCH=FAST_DORMANCY_SWITCH-0;
SET UCONNMODETIMER: T323=INVALID;
SET URRCTRLSWITCH: PROCESSSWITCH=FAST_DORMANCY_SWITCH-0;
SET URRCTRLSWITCH: RsvdPara1=RSVDBIT1_BIT21-0&RSVDBIT1_BIT29-1;
SET UPSINACTTIMER: PSINACTTMRFORPREFSTDRM=360, PSINACTTMRFORFSTDRMDCH=4,
PSINACTTMRFORFSTDRMFACH=10;
SET UUESTATETRANS: FASTDORMANCYF2DHTVMTHD=D3k;

5) Correlative parameter adjust

// To avoid CS call drop rate increase
SET UCORRMALGOSWITCH: ReservedSwitch0=RESERVED_SWITCH_0_BIT28-1;
//Rollback script
SET UCORRMALGOSWITCH: ReservedSwitch0=RESERVED_SWITCH_0_BIT28-0;

5.3 Effect evaluate

Signaling Storm solution will have better effect in a network which has high smart phone
penetration.
The value of inactive timer affects the effect of CELL_PCH and EFD. Take inactive timer
value 1800s as example, filter out the data which PS RAB timer >2 in one hour (For the value of

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inactive timer is 1800s, there will be only two PS RAB in one hour for the timer expires.)
Following data is RNC408.

Smartphone behavior definition: more than 10 PS RAB attempts for one user in one busy
hour.
The Smartphone behavior penetration of RNC408 is 36%.
Smartphone behavior users take more PS signaling load comparing with other devices. The
PS RAB Times produced by Smartphone behavior users is around 88% though the penetration of
them is only 36%.

It will reduce SPU load due to PS call attempts took 47% of SPU load, the expected benefit
for SPU load is 5~10% reduction according to Huawei engineering experience.
The average SPU mean load under the expansion threshold 50% now, it will be lower after
Smartphone solution.
The subscribers in the CELL_FACH/CELL_PCH will save more power resourcecode
resourceCNBAPCE resource to maximize the network capacity during the event .

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5.4 KPI Monitoring

The changes on the number of PS RAB connections, SPU and CE service call drop rate, and
combined service proportion must be monitored with emphasis.
Name

KPI/Counter

RRC Access
PS RAB

CS RAB
CellUpdt

VS.RRC.AttConnEstab.Sum

Remarks

None

Reduced

VS.RAB.AttEstabPS.RNC

Importa
nt

Reduced

VS.RAB.AbnormRel.PS

Importa
nt

Increased

VS.RAB.AbnormRel.AMR.RNC

None

Increased
slightly

None

Increased

Importa
nt

Not
deteriorated

VS.AttCellUpdt

Common Channel VS.FACH.DCCH.CONG.TIME

VS.FACH.DTCH.CONG.TIME
CPU

VS.XPU.CPULOAD.MEAN

Radio Link
(CNBAP)

Credit

Reduced

Importa
nt

Reduced

None

Increased

VS.DCCC.Succ.D2F

None

Increased

VS.DCCC.Att.F2P

None

Increased

VS.DCCC.Succ.F2P

None

Increased

VS.DCCC.P2F.Att

None

Increased

VS.DCCC.P2F.Succ

None

Increased

VS.IUB.SuccRLAdd

Importa
nt

Reduced

VS.IUB.SuccRLRecfg

Importa
nt

Reduced

VS.IUB.SuccRLSetup

Importa
nt

Reduced

Importa
nt

Reduced

Importa
nt

Reduced

Importa
nt

Does not
increase

VS.DCCC.Succ.F2D

VS.LC.ULCreditUsed.Mean
VS.LC.DLCreditUsed.Mean

Multirab

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Not
deteriorated
Importa
nt

VS.INT.CPULOAD.MEAN
State Transit

Expectation

VS.MultiRAB.CSAbnormRel.CS
PS
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Name

KPI/Counter

Internal

Remarks

Expectation

remarkably
VS.MultiRAB.CSNormRel.CSPS

None

Increased

VS.MultiRAB.AttEstab.CSPS

None

Increased

VS.MultiRAB.CSAbnormRel.PSAtt None

Not increased
remarkably

5.5 KPI impacts Risk Analysis and Countermeasures

After the CELL_PCH and EFD are implemented, the PS call drop rate is affected; the user
experience is not affected. You can use the counter in the KPI formula of the PS call drop rate to
avoid the impact.

Modi f yi ng t he KPI
Formul a. docx

Some other KPIs may also affect, the actual affect is due to the network environment.

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