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----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract: This article provides remote mine safety monitoring system design principles and
implementation of a network based on CDMA. It introduces the basics of CDMA technology, CDMA
networks method described in Remote Monitoring System of Mine Safety. The practical application,
obtain the desired results.
Key words: CDMA; DTU; Internet; Xiamen Caimore; mine;
Preface
Coal mine safety has become a national industrial safety a top priority. At present, coal production
safety accidents continue to occur, especially gas explosion accident occurred, to the people's lives
and property caused huge losses serious impact at home and abroad. CPC Central Committee and
the State Council attach great importance to coal mine safety work, have taken a series of major
initiatives, local governments have done a lot of work. How effectively curb the occurrence of major
accidents has become the most important mine safety aspect.
With the deepening of enterprise information, production information security has become an
important part of enterprise information brunt. The use of modern information technology,
construction safety production supervision and management information network system to the
production safety supervision and management work well.
Domestic coal industry, most companies have construction underway or production scheduling,
monitoring and control systems, such as the establishment of these systems currently play an
important role in achieving safe production process; but for various systems built in different periods,
using different techniques, each system can not be effectively integrated, so that safety production
monitor and control information can not be well integrated utilization. The safety production
monitor and control information in a timely and accurate delivery into the hands of the relevant
personnel at all levels, the lack of effective means.
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----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------The system needs a central control room on the ground can be automated monitoring and
control of the whole mine unattended production process and equipment, and be able to convey
information to the mine-level leadership through the network, so that the leadership in the office at
any time to understand the production and safety information to achieve the unity of the whole
mine scheduling and unified management. Information needs of the system from the bottom up
progressively concentrated, with the Bureau of Mines, computer networking company's LAN coking
coal, real-time remote viewing. The control can focus on monitoring layer operation, it can also be
dispersed in the device control layer implementation. Each subsystem can be independently
self-contained, in accordance with the requirements of the mine-step configuration, thus achieving
the best solution.
To solve these problems, Xiamen Caimore developed mine safety CDMA wireless remote
monitoring system, mine production of effective supervision, to prevent and reduce the frequency of
accidents in production. The system has a reliable operation, data acquisition and real time,
effectively solve the various problems of other means of communication exists. Under the premise of
guaranteed data timeliness, accuracy, and reduce system operating costs to a minimum; at the same
time, the network communications link by a professional network operators (China Telecom) to
maintain, to avoid the user in the use of monitoring systems for , also you need to spend a lot of
energy to maintain communication lines and other problems; saving the user's initial capital
investment and operation and maintenance costs.
Introduction
1. SystemIntroduction
Mine Safety CDMA wireless remote monitoring system, relying on stable and reliable CDMA
network of China Telecom, the use of advanced military-grade mature CDMA wireless data terminal
for remote transmission equipment, standards-based TCP / IP protocol, to achieve a monitoring
system for wireless data acquisition, to not have cable transmission conditions of coal mine
production sites, provides a low cost, quick, efficient data transmission platform for safe production
of coal enterprises to provide a strong monitoring means.
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CDMA is the abbreviation CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), which is a branch of digital
technology - spread spectrum communication technology developed a new wireless
communications technology. CDMA technology is based on the principle of spread spectrum
technology, information and data with a certain signal bandwidth is about to be transmitted, and
modulation with a bandwidth much larger than the signal bandwidth, high-speed pseudo-random
code, so that the bandwidth of the original data signal is extended, and then the carrier modulation
and sent out. Receiver uses the same pseudo-random code, and the bandwidth of the received
signal for correlation processing, the original wideband signal into a narrowband signal that is
despread information data to achieve data transmission.
CDMA is a mobile communication and information services to solve a more perfect business,
which is based on data traffic billing, wide coverage, faster data transfer. The introduction of CDMA
for the wireless industry and enterprise users in offices provide the infrastructure platform for
promoting the development of mobile office applications and created favorable conditions.
Compared with the wired network, CDMA network has rented low-cost, mobile office, without
geographical constraints and so on. The emergence of CDMA users in the wireless business and
industry office provides a new choice.
With the emergence and fully operational next-generation CDMA mobile communications business,
wireless mobile data communications applications are increasingly widespread. High-speed data
transmission and always-on features, with charges by traffic charges ways to make CDMA
communication monitoring monitoring applications with unparalleled price advantage. CDMA
wireless communication network using mobile IP communications, either independently or as a
data transmission channel can also be used as an optical fiber has been set up, an adjunct to other
forms of digital radio.
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1. System components
aSafety Data Collection
Mine raw data collection (using RS485, RS232 interfaces directly collected concentrations of gas,
carbon monoxide, and hydrogen sulfide and other harmful gases and mining depth data);
Alarm threshold data set (the set warning threshold of harmful gases to be alert to judge);
The real-time data transfer to the upper level unit via remote wireless networks;
Real-time data received under the parent unit reported the mine and into the local real-time
database;
b. Safety Information Alarm
Alarm generation (mine raw data and alarm thresholds are compared, if it exceeds the value of an
alarm is generated);
Alarm data submitted to higher unit (the alarm data reported to the higher authorities); Step by
step to inform the Security responsible (according to the alarm policy to send alarms progressively
responsible mobile phone safety, and urge them to deal with as soon as possible). Notify the
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----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------person responsible in the security, you can set alarms based on policies, grading timeshare inform
the Security responsible. When several alarms occur at the same time according to the setting of
the system can automatically select the transmission priority, such as priority alarms occur
simultaneously transmit gas and hydrogen sulfide gas alarms).
c. Safety Information Analysis Statistics
Security information system regularly summary, statistics, and output various reports.
d. Basic management
Information sources management (the original data and alarm threshold data for configuration
and management);
Alarm Policy Management (configuration data security alarm policies, such as notification and
other security persons responsible for order and time);
Data management (database backup, restore, and other functions);
2. Features
a. Keeping Online: CDMA wireless data terminal can automatically be attached to a boot on the
CDMA network, and establish a communication link with your data center, user data devices send
and receive data at any time, with real-time high;
b. Traffic accounting: CDMA wireless data terminal, according to the number of receive and send
data packets to collect fees, no transfer of data traffic without fee
c. High-speed transmission: the fastest transmission speed CDMA network will reach 230.4kbps,
the rate depends on the level of mobile operator's network settings, according to China Mobile's
network, the current can provide stable data transmission of 120 ~ 140Kbps
d. Networking is simple, fast, and flexible: CDMA wireless data terminal system can be built
anywhere via Internet network covering the whole of China's virtual private network for mobile
data communications for medium and small users with access to convenient, saving access
investment;
e. Communication link by professional operators Maintenance: Due to China Telecom's CDMA data
services, and therefore also responsible for maintaining the link by China Telecom, eliminating the
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Displaying the start/stop time & Live value of switching from the major equipment of uphole
& downhole
Displaying live value and the cumulative value of the accumulated amount of coal production
etc
In addition to form various types of alarm display, as well as voice signals
Clock and date display
System-related equipment and software operation trace shows
3Systems can be configured to display that can display dynamic and static simulation graphics,
data tables, historical curve, hierarchical display excavation plan, measuring point configuration,
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----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------real-time data display. Real-time preparation of mine mine safety information or tips can also be
controlled via the display host.
4Very friendly man-machine interface system, all displayed and printed as long as there are
operators with simple mouse clicks, anyone can easy to use, even if occasionally erroneous
operation will not affect the normal operation of the system. In order to ensure that the system
configuration information is not destroyed, specifically define the operating authority for the
system administrator, ordinary operators and configure the appropriate password password, only
the password is correct password to enter the system to operate within the operational purview.
5All parameters are detected in the system, on / off information and accumulated amount
accumulated, stored, and continuously maintained year (System Software Save every three
minutes), if special circumstances can be stored for a longer time, these data can be used at any
time form , displayed in the form of two-dimensional curves, you can print saved. Important device
users to adjust the analog or device-OFF information and storage time.
6The system has a simple drawing tools. All dynamic and static diagram can be drawn by the
mine operator general (when the drawing does not affect the host real-time monitoring function).
7The system has a list of display. Rendering and Displays include location, name, unit, alarm
threshold, power threshold, monitoring, maximum, average, minimum, power off command, the
power supply status, limit alarm, power failure alarm logic discrepancies, sensor failure, blockade
and unlocking. Switching display content including location, name, start / stop time, status, working
time, number of stops open, sensor status, locking and unlocking the like. The cumulative amount
of display content including location, name, unit, total value and so on.
8System with analog real-time curve and the historical curve display. Show maximum, average
minimum curve on the same coordinate with different colors. On one screen, displaying six analog
curve, and set time scale can show the corresponding time scale analog.
9System with histogram display. Can directly reflect the availability to start / stop times, sensor
status, locking and unlocking, and set time scale.
10System with analog animated display. Can image, intuitive, fully reflect the safety situation.
Click the device icon to display information about the contents of the device, including the process
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----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------simulation map, the corresponding device-OFF, etc. corresponding analog values and curves.
(11) easily generate various forms by the users themselves, various types of data required for
printing tables, graphs and curves.
12All kinds of alarm information processing, and storage and real-time alarm. When the sensor
values overrun sound and light alarm, and monitoring host of the corresponding entry to transform
the way the background color and flashing to alert the user to issue specific equipment and
installation location of the alarm signal.
13System with lightning function, coupled with optical isolation interface and the sub-station;
in order to be sure that specializes in monitoring the main transmission cable connecting the
host-side configuration of the French production of surge arresters.
4System Design Principles
According to user's requirements
According to the requirements of the coal industry and the new standard GB3836-2006 "Coal
Mine Safety Regulations" provides to the selection;
advanced technology, mature, functional and practical, to ensure reliable;
combination of convenience, good scalability. After the system can be extended to allow
sufficient room for system upgrades to facilitate;
openness and good compatibility, to achieve system software and hardware connections;
between system fully open, mutual capacitance is high;
Extended functional diversity, the system through the online information exchange, monitoring,
control and management;
Good human-machine interface, easy operation and management, data accuracy, quick
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B monitoring center server for data analysis, storage, anti-control and other functions;
D WEB server real-time monitoring, data management, business management and other functions.
When the communication server implementation, the monitoring center server, database server,
WEB server can be installed on a single server, it can be installed in different servers. If the industry
customer terminal end of the IP binding, you need to install the RADIUS server for authentication
and IP AAA system binding functions.
Recommended by provincial monitoring center APN Line access to Telecom's CDMA network, this
way safe, stable and reliable. Monitoring center connected to each other at all levels of a VPN.
Each monitoring point use with CDMA terminal, through the telecommunications network with the
monitoring center.
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CDMA data transmission terminal realization monitoring center master station and monitoring
communication terminal. The system uses CM6550P CDMA DTU. The DTU functions and features are
as follows:
Wireless parameters
1, support the IS-95 A / B and CDMA2000 1xRTT wireless network
2, supports 13K QCELP audio codec
3, support for data, voice, SMS and fax
Hardware System
1, CPU: ARM9 industrial-grade high-performance embedded processors, 200MPS, MMU, 16KB
Dcache, 16KB Icache
2, FLASH: 8MB, can be expanded to 32MB
3, SDRAM: 64MB, expandable to 256MB
4, Interface
An RS232 serial port. (If necessary, can support RS422 / RS485), serial port speed 110 ~
230400bits / s
LEDs: a power, communications and online indicator.
Antenna Interface: standard SMA female antenna interfaces, the characteristic impedance of 50
ohms.
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----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------information to monitor ground central station. When the gas gauge and other parameters
(which can be set according to the specific circumstances of their own power, complex
power value) for real-time power of the relevant equipment. The system will make full use of
existing coal mines sensor and technical resources, and ensure that all sensors standard
signal (frequency 200-1000Hz acquisition of part manufacturers sensor output 4-20mA, can
use the "Signal Converter" to convert 200-1000Hz signal) in the access system to work
properly.
Underground sub-stations and sensors installed in the underground has coal dust, methane,
carbon monoxide and other dangerous gases in the environment, a variety of coal mine
safety, production and processing for real-time monitoring and timely production safety
parameters of the terminal via a CDMA wireless data transmission central station to the
ground. A variety of data from the sub-station and the central station processing, and
according to the requirements of direct and audible alarm and power control signals.
Ground central station via CDMA wireless data terminal using CDMA network links and
underground sub-station communication. Through the system can be accurate and
comprehensive understanding of the situation and mine safety production, to achieve the
disasters of the early prediction and forecasting, and timely manner automatically.
Production scheduling can grasp the operation of downhole equipment accurately directs
production.
2. Monitoring center
Mine safety monitoring center remote monitoring wireless network system for terrestrial
network (public network fixed or mobile IP network fixed IP) 2 computer: monitoring the
host and slave, when a host fails, the host immediately instead of auxiliary machines to
monitor, computer via the communication interface for data communication continuously
with each sub-stations, sub-stations and measuring points can be distributed anywhere on
the ground or underground, sub-station signal acquisition of the measuring point sensors,
connected through CDMA wireless data terminal and a communication interface to the host
transfer data, while sub-station and kept for the connected sensors patrol for data
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----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------pre-processing, display, or as needed to control the output. Host system continuously to the
received data for each sub-station measuring point real-time processing, display and save
regularly.
VIITelecom Line APN transmission
According to the special requirements of enterprise network security, Xiamen Caimore
Communication Technology Co., Ltd. is designed based on CDMA network data transmission
scheme, using a variety of security measures, including:
Access via a 2M line telecommunications company CDMA network, using the Internet
between the parties private IP address of the router WAN connection between the GGSN
and the Mobile Internet routers GRE tunnel.
For customers to assign dedicated APN, ordinary users can not apply for the APN. SIM cards
for CDMA private network only subscribe to the dedicated APN, limit the use of other APN.
Customers can self a RADIUS server and DHCP server, GGSN to provide Caller ID to the
RADIUS server the user, using the calling number and combination of user account
authentication; a static IP address within the enterprise authenticated users are assigned by
the DHCP server.
End encryption: use between the mobile terminal and server platforms-end encryption, to
avoid transmission of information throughout the process may leak.
Both sides use a firewall to isolate and IP address and port filtering on the firewall.
2) Upon request of the APN, SGSN issued to the DNS server queries, locate the enterprise server
platform connected GGSN, and the GTP tunneling of user requests to the GGSN;
3) GGSN user authentication information (including phone number, user accounts, passwords, etc.)
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4) Radius authentication server to see the phone number and other authentication information,
confirmation is sent to the user's legitimate request, to the DHCP server requesting allocation of
user addresses;
5) Radius authentication by Radius confirmation message is sent to the GGSN carries user's
address;
6) You get the IP address, you can carry a packet of information inquiry system CDMA private
network and business processing platform for a visit.
VVSafety solution
Class: Secure network access layer
The use of telecommunications company distributes specialized APN for wireless network access;
Assign specific phone numbers: a mobile GSM phone caller number switch generation has been
encrypted, experienced hackers is very difficult to fake phone number.
Telecom network side HLR NE to phone number and APN made binding, is the industry's only
mobile phone number to access the private APN. Hackers took the CDMA terminal other phone
number can not call a special APN.
Class 2Secure terminal certification
Data centers can CDMA terminal is assigned to each unique user ID and password, even if hackers
forge switches senior legitimate phone number, but the data center allocated to GPRS terminal
user ID and password is not, still can not set up a call center and data, and data center can
periodically ordered all meter data collection point user ID and password to get rid of.
Class 3Secure firewall filtering
Access via a physical firewall settings
Class 4Security applications
Business data is encrypted before transmission compression, to protect data during transmission
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----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------security. Application system provides a powerful hierarchical rights management, to protect data in
the course of security.
X: Conclusion
In summary, the mine safety remote monitoring wireless network system is a medium to large
mines wireless network, computer monitoring and dispatching system, the system software to
monitor trends closely follow the development of system software, friendly interface, powerful
graphics capabilities, in show mine production system dynamics simulation chart on the big screen,
to help mine leaders and dispatchers understanding of the main production unit of equipment and
operating environment parameters, timely scheduling production, to prevent accidents, safety in
production. In large and medium mines and factories have good promotion prospects.
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