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OF
OF
HEAT
TREATMENT
HIGH-CHROMIUM
M.
I.
N.
V.
CAST
Berkun,
Zhivitsa,
ON
THE
PROPERTIES
IRON
I. P. Volchok,
and
V. I. Topal
UDC
621.78:669.15'24-196
High-chromium
cast iron (2.3-3.0% C, 23-30 % Cr, up to 0.8% Mn, up to 1.4% Si) is widely us ed for parts
subject to abrasivewear.
High-chromium
cast iron may be additionally alloyed with nickel, molybdenum,
and vanadium. In the cast condition the structure consists of supercooled austenite with eutectic carbides
(Fe, Cr)TC 3 (Fig. la).
Under high operating pressures (for example, the linings of ball mills) the rnetastable austenite in
high-chromium
cast iron is hardened, forming a hard surface layer that provides high wear resistance
[i]. However,
in the overwhelming
majority of castings of high-chromium
cast iron (parts of pumps, hydrocyclones, graders, etc.) operating under abrasive wear conditions where the pressure is small the
austenite is hardly cold worked at all. In hydroabrasive wear the relatively soft austenite matrix is first
attacked (~H 400), and then the carbides are broken out. Despite the fact that the resistance to hydroahrasire wear of high-chromium
cast iron is relatively low in the cast condition, the cast iron is used without
heat treatment or after annealing (to reduce the hardness and improve the machinabiiity).
from
Metallovedenie
C 1971 Consultants Bureau, a division of Plenum Publishing Corporation, 227 g/est 17th Street, New York,
N. Y. 10011. All rights reserved. This article cannot be reproduced for any purpose whatsoever without
permission of the publisher. A copy of this article is available from the publisher [or $15.00.
69
]mm
X2~I , ] I i ] { i,~]
' l J\l/]
]m~
.........
8
7
kg/mm 2
C~bend,kg/mm 2
~6
~9
a n, k g - m / c m 2
9, ~ I - T T ' I G G - F I G I
As cast ~' ~
I0~,~ ~
a n, k g - m / c m 2
o.~Z F F T ~ I - F T T 1
As cast6Oo
800 10o0 o~
b
Fig. 2
As
cast
1. A u s t e n i t e in h i g h - c h r o m i u m c a s t i r o n s is s t a b l e up to 500 ~ At h i g h e r t e m p e r a t u r e s the a u s t e n i t e
b e g i n s to d e c o m p o s e , c a u s i n g c h a n g e s in the h a r d n e s s , w e a r r e s i s t a n c e , and m e c h a n i c a l p r o p e r t i e s .
70
2. The resistance of high-chromium cast iron to hydroabrasive wear is minimal in the cast condition and in the annealed condition.
3. To improve the machinability the alloys should be annealed at 800-900~ which lowers the hardness to HRC 32-35.
4. The resistance to hydroabrasive wear is highest after normalization at 1100~
L I T E R A T U R E CITED
1.
2.
71