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Throws
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JUDO Techniques
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Leg Techniques
Osoto gari (outer leg sweep)
This is a standard way of throwing your opponent using your legs. You push
your opponent off balance and sweep the leg supporting their body weight out
from under them with your leg. Shin'ichi Shinohara, silver medalist in the
men's over-100-kg division at the Sydney Olympics, is renowned for his osoto
gari. If you get this technique right, it can be a decisive move. There are many
variations on the osoto-gari, too.
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Sacrifice Techniques
Tomoe nage (stomach throw)
Sacrifice techniques involve deliberately taking a dive to pull your opponent
down. In tomoe nage, you fall on your back, place your foot on their stomach,
and throw them over your head. Russia's Tamerlan Tmenov scored points
against Japan's Shin'ichi Shinohara with this technique in the men's
over-100-kg semifinal at the Sydney Games but eventually lost the match.
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Hip Techniques
Harai goshi (sweeping hip throw)
In this throw, you pull your opponent towards you as you turn your body,
drawing them onto your hip and sweeping their legs away. If you hold your
opponent's arm at your side when sweeping, it becomes harai makikomi
(sweeping wraparound), in which you throw your opponent while wrapped
around their body.
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Holds
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Pinning Techniques
Yokoshiho katame (four-direction hold)
This typical pinning technique involves holding down your opponent on their
back by wrapping one arm around their shoulder and the other between their
legs. By pinning your chest against your opponent's, they are hemmed in
from four directions. Kyoko Narazaki, silver medalist in the women's 52-kg
division at the Sydney Olympics, is very good at this technique.
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Joint Locks
Ude hishigi juji gatame (arm-crushing cross hold)
This is the most frequently used armlock. With your opponent on their back,
you sit beside them and hold one of their arms, pinning their upper body
down with your thighs, and bending their elbow in the reverse direction. If
they endure being held like this, it could result in a broken arm or damaged
ligaments, so this technique forces them to submit. Other pinning techniques
involves the use of your legs as well as neck and shoulders in holding the
opponent's arm.
All illustrations are from ILLUSTRATED MARTIAL ARTS & SPORTS IN JAPAN, published
by Japan Travel Bureau, Inc.; illustrator, Masaki Matsushita.