Glossary

Acceleration - change in velocity or speed at a given time.

Accommodation of the eye - the process by which the ciliary muscle
changes the focal length of an eye lens to focus distant or near objects.
Acoustics - scientific study of sounds.
Ammeter - device that measures current.
Amplitude - maximum displacement
Analytical Method - The Analytical Method is a generic process combining
the power of the Scientific Method with the use of formal process to solve
any type of problem.
Andre Marie Ampere Angle of Incidence - angle between the normal and incident waves.
Angle of Reflection - angle between the normal and reflected wave.
Aperture - diameter of the length.
Applied physics - Applied physics is physics which is intended for a
particular technological or practical use.
Archemedes Principle - the bouyant force is equal to the weight of the

displaced liquid.
Astigmatism - irregular cornea.
Atomic is the field of physics that studies atoms as an isolated system of
electrons and an atomic nucleus

Blind Spot - It is a spot optic nerve enters rhea eye and is insensitive to

light and hence the name.

C

Capacitance - ability to store electric charges.

Capacitor - is the device that stores electric charges. William Gilbert -

Scientist develop by huge magnet.

Cataract - people at old age bees milky and cloudy.
Celsius Scale - Andres Celsius
Centrifugal force - force that moves away from the center of the circle.

Centripetal force - force that moves toward the center of the circle.
Centripetal Force Fc= mac
Charging by Conduction - bringing object close to another.
Charging by friction - transfer of charge by contract/ rubbing.
Charging by induction - bringing near the negatively charge to another

charge without touching.

Christian Huygens - Wave Theory.
Cilliary Muscles - help in changing the curvature and focal length.
Circular Motion - motion along a circle.
Clinical Thermometer - mercurial - alcoholic - digital
Compound Machine - consist of two or more simple machines.
Conductors - materials that let the flow of current.
Constrictive Interference - has a maximum displacement.
Converging Lens - thicker in the middle.
Converging Lenses - is equal convex lens.
Cornea - the front part of the eye.
Corpuscular Theory - up tiny particles or corpuscles.
Coulombs Law - the force of attraction or repulsion is directly
proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to

the square of the distance between them.

Crest - the upper part of wave.
Current - chare per unit time.
Current Electricity - flow of electrons.
Curvilear Motion - motion along a curve.

Derived Quantities - that cannot be measured directly.

Destructive - is a maximum displacement.
Diffraction - bending around of waves as passes through a hall.
Diffused Reflection - reflected rays are scattered in many direction.
Diffusion of Light - it is a separation of white light into bands of colors.
Diverging Lenses - or concave lens.
Dual Nature of Light - light is made up of articles and wave motion.
Dynamic - cause of motion.

Efficiency Machine - the ratio of the workout and work input time 100%.
Elastic Collision - when two objects move away from each other.
Elastic Limit - tendency to break.
Elasticity - ability of a substance or material to return to its original size or

shape after a force is applied.

Electric Field - space or region where you can detect and feel the electric

charge.
Electric Field Intensity - is the ratio of force and electric charges.
Electrical Quantities - flow electrons.
Electricity - Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with
the presence and flow of electric charge.
Electromagnet- combination of electricity and magnet.
Electromagnetic Theory - that is light is electromagnetic in nature.
Electromagnetic Waves - waves that do not need medium un order to

propagate.
Electron - negatively charges.
Electroscope - device that can detect the presence of electric charge.
Electrostatics - study of electricity at rest.
Energy - the ability to do work
Eye Lens - is a convex lens made of transparent jelly.

F - Focal point or principal focus.

Far sightedness - eyeball too short.
Fluids - substances that has the ability to flow.
Focal length - distance from optical center to the focal point.
Frequency - number of revolution per unit time. f= 1/ T
Frequency - the number of waves that passes through a point at given

time.
Fundamental Quantities - that can be measured directly.

Generator - is a device that changes to transform changes mechanical.

Graphical Method Green - component which does not light affect the rate.

Half Life - time that is takes of one half of the amount of element to the

decay.
Harmonic Motion - back and forth motion.
Heat - energy on transit.
Heat and Temperature of motion force Heat Capacity - the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of

mass substance.
Hooke's Law - within the elastic limit the stress is directly proportional the

strain.
Human Eyes - is the most valuable and sensitive sense organ and its a

natural optical instrument.

Hydraulic Press - best application of Pascal's Principle.
Hydrostatics - study of fluids at rest.

Impulse- product of force and time.

Incident wave - a wave that hits the barrier.
Incline plane - is any plane which makes an angle with the horizontal.
Independence Matching - matching air.
Inelastic Collision - when 2 objects stick together
Insulators - materials that do not let the flow of current.
Intensity - measure of sound and energy.
Interference of Waves - meeting with each other.
Iris - just behind the cornea is a dark colored.

Kinematics - is the branch of classical mechanics which describes the

motion of points, bodies and systems of bodies without consideration of
the causes of motion.
Kinetic Energy - energy passes by an object in motion.
Kinetics - description of motion.

Laboratory Thermometer is made relatively small so that it is portable

and cheap.
Law of Acceleration - the acceleration of a body is directly proportional to

the force applied and inversely proportional to the mass of a body.

Law of Conversation of Energy - Energy cannot be created nor destroyed

but it can be transformed into other forms.

Law of Density - the frequency of vibrating string is inversely proportional

to the density.
Law of Diameter - the frequency of vibrating string is inversely

proportional to its diameter.

Law of Electrostatic - like charge repel. - unlike charges attract
Law of Inertia - anybody has the tendency to remain at rest unless a force

acts to change that state.

Law of Interaction - for every action there is equal or opposite in reaction.
Law of Length - the frequency of vibrating string is inversely proportional

to the length.
Law of Reflection - the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of

reflection.
Law of Tension - the frequency of vibrating string is directly proportional

to the square root of tension.

Law of Universal Gravitation - any two objects in the universe has a force

of attraction that is directly proportional to product of their masses and

inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them center.

Lens - is a piece of transparent material bound by two surfaces of which

atleast once are curved.

Lever - a rigid bar which is capable of turning about a fixed point called

Fulcrum.
Linear Velocity V= d/t
Longitudinal Waves - waves move back and forth parallel to the direction

of wave motion.
Loudness - it depends on the amplitude of wave.
Luminance - the measure of Illumination.
Luminous Intensity - brightness of the light source.
Luminous Object - object that gives of light.

Machine - a device that makes the work easier.

Magnetic Field - can see the magnetic line of force.
Magnetic lines - broken line.
Magnetism is a class of physical phenomena that are mediated by
magnetic fields.
Measurement - comparison of anything something standard.
Mechanical Advantage - it tells how many times the force is multiplied.
Mechanical Waves - waves that need medium in order to propagate.
Mechanics - forced and motion.
Momentum - product of mass and velocity.
Momentum - product of mass and velocity.
Motion - continuous change in position with reference to a fixed point.
Motor - motor is the device that transforms changes electrical energy to
mechanical energy.

Near sightedness - eyeball too long.

Negative Acceleration - decreasing velocity - retardation - declaration
Newton's Law f=ma
Noise - sound that is unpleasing to the tears.
Non Luminous Object - object that do not give off light.
Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies the constituents and
interactions of atomic nuclei.

Ohm's Law - current is directly proportional to the voltage and inversely

proportional to the resistance.

Optic Nerve - when the message passage to the brain.
Optical Centre - central points of a lens.

Parallelogram Method of vector resolution involves using an accurately

drawn, scaled vector diagram to determine the components of the vector.
Pascal's Principle - Pressure on a confined liquid is transmitted the

interior of the container.

Period - time require completing one revolution. T = 1/f

Physics - Study of matter and energy and their transformation. Matter -

anything that occupies space and has mass.

Pitch - distance between two successive threads.
Pitch - highness or lowness of sound.
Polygon Method Constructs a polygon having the given points as
vertices. Also accepts a single parameter
Positive Acceleration - increasing velocity.
Potential Energy - energy passes by an object at rest.
Power of Accommodation - the ability of the eye to objects lying.
Pressure - force at given area.
Principal Axis - line processing through optical centre.
Projectile Motion - object under the action of gravity.
Proton - positively charges.
Pulley - consist of a rope over a grooved wheel mounted on a frame.

Screw - an inclines plane wound around a cylinder.

Pupil - is the small circular opening of iris.

Quality/Timbre - sound defends of a harmony.

Quantum Theory - the photo electrons is activated by light energy higher

levels of energy.
R

Range - the extent to which or the limits between which variation

Range of Vision - distance between the near point.
Rankine - used by mechanical engineering.
Rectilinear Motion - motion along straight line/ path.
Red - has the longest wavelength.
Reflected Wave - is the wave bounce back or turns back.
Reflected Wave - Wave that turns back.
Reflection - bouncing or turning back of wave as it hits the barrier.
Reflection Light - bouncing of turning back of light as it on its bounce.
Refraction Wave - is the bending of from one medium to another
Regular Reflection - reflected rays are arrange in ordinary pattern.
Resistance - opposite to the flow of current resistor.

Resolution of Vectors - process of finding the x and y component of a

given vector horizontal component (x).

Resultant - single vector that has the same effect as to 2 or more vectors.

Composition Vectors - process of finding of resultant.

Retina - the inner back surface of the eye ball.
Rotary Motion - motion on its axis.

Scalar - quantity of w/ magnitude. Vector - quantity of w/ magnitude

direction.
Simple Machine - consist of one unit element.
Sir Isaac Newton - Corpuscular Theory.
Solid state physics is the study of rigid matter, or solids, through
methods such as quantum mechanics, crystallography, electromagnetism,
and metallurgy. It is the largest branch of condensed matter physics.
Specific Heat - amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of mass of

substance per degree temp.

Speed - distance traveled by an object per unit time.
Speed of Wave - product of frequency and wave length.
Static Electricity - electric at rest.
Strain - it is deformation or elongation stress.
Stress - is distorting force.
Superposition of Wave - two or waves travel through the same medium.

Temperature - hotness/coldness of a substance.

Thomas Young - Young Modulus of Elasticity.
Trajectory - path of the projectile.
Transverse Waves - waves that move up and down perpendicular to the

direction of wave motion.

Trigonometric Method - Law of Cosign.
Trough - the lower part of wave.

Velocity - speed and direction.

Vibratory Motion - in a medium.

Violet - has the shortest but grater refraction.
Virtual Image - image is same as the object. Real Image - mirror polished

and smooth surface.

Visible Light - microwave ultraviolet rays x ray.
Vitreous Humor - space between the retina and eye lens.
Voltage - work done per unit.
Voltmeter - device that measures voltage.

Wave - is carrier of energy.

Wave Length - distance from crest to crest and trough to trough.
Wave motion
Wave Motion - disturbance through a medium that moves one point to

another wave.
Wave Pulse - single disturbance.
Wave Theory - light is form of wave motion which originates from a

vibrating body.
Wave Train - series of waves.
Wedge - a double inclined plane
Wheel and Axle - wind lass whose handle is rotated in order to lift a load

through a rope which is wound on an axle. It is consist of a small wheel

and big wheel.

Work - product of force and distance.
Work Input - work done on the machine.
Work Output - work done to the machine.

Young Modulus of Elasticity - is directly proportional the stress and

inversely proportional the strain.