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2013-01-2791
Published
11/27/2013
ABSTRACT
Numerical simulations were performed in a four stroke pentroof SI engine under cold flow conditions at three different
speeds (1000 rpm, 2000 rpm and 3000 rpm) to investigate the
flow characteristics like swirl, tumble, turbulence, mass
inducted and the formation of liquid film during cold start
condition. The suction and compression strokes were
simulated at the three speeds mentioned. Results show that
swirl and tumble are increased from 1000 rpm to 2000 rpm
whereas the increase is very low between the speeds 2000
rpm and 3000 rpm. The computational model was validated
against the experimental data available in the literature. There
is a slight increase in the mass of air inducted as the speed
goes up. Further investigation with liquid film modelling
reveal, presence of liquid film mass on the cylinder and
intake region. Around 34% of fuel quantity converted to film
mass in the port wall region of intake while using port fuel
injection (PFI) at the entry of Siamese port. The piston region
has around 8% of fuel as liquid film at compression TDC.
Later this may lead to soot and Hydrocarbon emission. From
these results CFD code can be confidently used to further
investigation like port orientation, manifold, spray, film and
mixture formation and combustion.
KEYWORDS
Swirl, Tumble, GDI, Turbulence, Mass Inducted, Liquid Film
INTRODUCTION
As the new Euro 6 regulations are to be introduced in the
market, the pressure is ever more increasing on the engine
manufacturers to produce cleaner engines with enhanced
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VALIDATION
The model is validated by comparing the calculated CFD
results with the experimental results of Kim et.al. The
measurement points as done in the experiments (Kim et. al.)
are shown in Figure.1. Measurements were done using a
single component LDV along the axial direction (V- line) and
on a line which is parallel to both the intake ports and passing
through a point which is 13 mm below TDC which is denoted
as H-line. The spacing between the measurement points is
5mm. These locations are clearly illustrated in Fig-1.
(a). 60 degree CA
Fig.3.
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(a). 60 Degree CA
(e). 300 Degree CA
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(a). 60 Degree CA
Fig.9.
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(a). Dome
Fig. 10.
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CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
1. Harada, J., Tomita, T., Mizuno, H., Mashiki, Z. et al.,
Development of Direct Injection Gasoline Engine, SAE
Technical Paper 970540, 1997, doi:10.4271/970540.
(f). Intake valve stem
Fig. 10. (cont.) (a) to (f) - Characteristics of Liquid Film
Mass over the region of cylinder and intake system.
2. Li, Y., Zhao, H., Peng, Z., and Ladommatos, N., Analysis
of Tumble and Swirl Motions in a Four-Valve SI Engine,
SAE Technical Paper 2001-01-3555, 2001, doi:
10.4271/2001-01-3555.
3. Bergin, M. and Reitz, R., Effect of Flowfield NonUniformities on Emissions Predictions in HSDI Engines,
SAE Technical Paper 2011-01-0821, 2011, doi:
10.4271/2011-01-0821.
4. Hutchison, A. and Wicker, R., DISI Fuel Spray Effects
During Simulated Injection Timing, SAE Technical Paper
2001-01-2026, 2001, doi:10.4271/2001-01-2026.
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