Problema Propuesto 1:

Determinar y graficar el diagrama de interaccin de la

columna mostrada:
Usar:
fc = 300kg/cm2, fy = 4200 kg/cm2, seccin 30x50 cm.
As: 8 3/4
Estribos: 3/8
r=4cm
Solucin:

As1

d1
d2

As2
d3
As3

d1 = r + e + p/2 = 4 + 0.95+1.90/2

d1 = 5.90 cm
d2 = 25.0 cm
d3 = d = h d1= 50 5.90 = 44.10 cm

As1 = 3 3/4 = 8.55 cm2

As2 = 2 3/4 = 5.70 cm2
As3 = 3 3/4 = 8.55 cm2

a) Condicin: Excentricidad cero.

Ag = 30x50 =1,500 cm2
Ast = 22.80 cm2
Pn max = 0.85 fc.Ag + Ast. fy =382,500 + 95,760
Pn max = 478,260 kg = 478.26 Tn

b) Estado balanceado

6000
600044.10
=
6000 + 6000 + 4200

Cb = 25.94 cm

ab= 0.85x25.94 = 22.05 cm

Relacionando la seccin plana y sus deformaciones en el estado balanceado.

0.003
As1

As1.fs1

s1

d1
d2

As2
E.N.

s2

d3

Cb

s3

As3

ab

As2.fs2
E.N.

As3.fs3

d1= 5.90, cb = 25.94 y volver a calcular es 1

0.003
1
0.003(25.94 5.90)
=
1 =

1
25.94
1 = 0.00232
Adems:

4.200

= 2106 = 0.0021

Se observa que: 1 > 1 1 est en fluencia; 1 = 4200 /2

Por otro lado:

0.003
2
=
( 2 )

2 =

0.003(25.94)
25.94

2 = 0.000109
Asimismo:

3 = ( ); 3 = 4200 /2
Reemplazando en la ecuacin 3, la fuerza axial balanceada es:

= + 1 + 2 3
= 0.85 . ab. b +1 . 1 + 2 . 2 3 . 3
= 0.8530022.0530 + 8.554200 + 5.700.0001092106 8.554200
= 169.93 .

Se puede deducir que = 2 = 25

Clculo del momento flector:
Clculos previos:
= 0.85 . . = 0.8530022.0530
= 168,682.5
1 = 1 . 1 = 8.554200
1 = 35,910
2 = 2 . 2 = 5.700.0001092106
2 = 1,242.6
3 = 3 . 3 = 8.554200
3 = 35,910

Reemplazando en (4)
= ("

a
) + 1 (" d1 ) + Cs2 (d" d2 ) + Ts3 (d3 d" )
2

= 168,682.5 (25

22.05
) + 35,910(25 5.90) + 1242.6 (25 25) + 35,910(44.10 25 )
2

= 37.29

La excentricidad eb :

37.29
=

169.93

= 0.22

c) Estado de falla dctil.

3 = ; < = 25.94
Asumiendo:
= 15 = 0.85 = 0.8515
= 12.75

Calculo de los esfuerzos:

0.003
1
0.003 (15 5.90)
=
1 =
( 1 )

15
1 = 0.00182 < (1 )
1 = 1 . = 0.001822106
1 = 3,640

0.003
3
0.003 (44.10 15)
=
3 =
(3 )

15
3 = 0.00582 > ( 3 )
3 = = 4,200 /2
3
2
0.00582 (25 15)
=
2 =
(44.10 15)
3 2
2 = 0.0020 < = 0.0021 ( 2 )
2 = 2 = 0.0022106
2 = 4000

Calculo de fuerzas.
= 0.85 . a. = 0.8530012.7530
= 97.54
1 = 1 1 = 8.553,640 =
1 = 31.12
2 = 2 2 = 5.704000
2 = 22.80
3 = 3 3 = 8.554200 =
3 = 35.91
La fuerza axial nominal es:
= + 1 2 3
= 69.95

El momento flector nominal es:

= (" ) + 1 (" d1 ) + Ts2 (d" d2 ) + Ts3 (d3 d")

2
12.75
= 97.54(25
) + 31.12(25 5.90) + 22.80(25 25) + 35.91(44.1 25)
2
= 3,096.96 = 30.97

Condicin de flexin pura (falla dctil)

Pn=0
0 = C + Cs1 Ts2 Ts3 (3)
De acuerdo a los ltimos resultados de la falla dctil, se conoce lo siguiente:
2 = 4000

; 2
2

fs2= fy ; fs3 = fy; fs1<fy

Entonces reemplazando en la ecuacin (3)
0 = 0.85 a . + 1 . 1 2 3 .
0.85 a . + 1 . 1 = 2 + 3 . ..(3)

Se sabe que: 1 = 1 =

Del diagrama de deformaciones:

0.003
d1
c

s1
E.N.

s2
s3

0.003

c = 0.85

s1 =

s1
=
; a = 0.85c

1 )
0.85

0.85

0.003(

0.003(a 0.855.90) 0.003(a 5.015)

=
a
a
0.85 . a. b + A1 [

0.003 (a 5.015
] = 2 . + 3
a

0.85 x 300 x a2 x 30 + 8.55 x 0.003 x a x 2 x 106-8.55 x 0.003 x 5.015 x 2 x 106

= (5.70+8.55) x 4,200 x a

7,650a2 8,550a 257,269.50 = 0

a=
a=

+8.550 85502 4(7650)(257,269.50)

2(7650)
+8.550 7,945549,200
(15,300)

a = 6.38

c = 7.51 cm

Remplazando en la ecuacin de 1 :

1 =

0.03(a 5.015)

1 = 0.000642

fs1= 0.000642 x 2 x 106

fs1 = 1,283.70 k/cm2

0.003(6.38 5.015)
6.38

Cs1 = As1 x fs1 = 8.55 x 1,283.70

Cs1= 10,975.62 kg

C = 0.85fc x a.b = 0.85x300x6.38x30

C = 48,807 kg

Ts2 =As2 x fy = 5.70x4200

Ts2 = 23,940 kg
Ts3 = As3 x fy = 8.55x4200
Ts3 = 35,910 kg
El momento flector nominal es:
Mn = 48,807(25 6.38/2) + 10,975.62 (25 6.38) + 23.940(25 25) + 35,910(44.10 25)
Mn = 1954,727.71 kgxcm = 19.55 tnxm
M`n = 19.55 tnxm

Estado de falla frgil:

C>cb ; asumimos c = 30cm a = 0.85x30
a = 25.5cm

Clculo de las deformaciones:

0.003

s1
1

s1 =

0.003(305.90)
30

s1 = 0.00241 > y = 0.0021(As1, fluye)

Deformacin s2:

0.003
d2

s2

d3

s3

0.003
s2
=

s2 = 0.003(3025)
=
30
s2 = 0.0005 <y (As2, no fluye)
fs2 = s2xs = 0.0005x2x10^6
fs2 = 1,000 kg/cm2 (compresin)

Deformacion s3:
0.003

s3
3

s3 = 0.00141

s3=

0.003(44.1030)
30

fs3 = s3 x Es

fs3 = 0.00141x2x106 =
fs3 =2,820 kg/cm2 (Traccin)

La fuerza axial es:

Pn = C + Cs1 + Cs2 Ts3

Pn = 0.85f`c.a.b + As1xfs1 + As2xfs2 - As3xfs3
Pn = 0.85x300x25.5x30 + 8.55x4200 + 5.70x1000 8.55x2,820 =
Pn = 212,574.0 kg
Pn = 212.57 tn

El momento nominal es:

Mn = C(d - a/2) + Cs1(d - d1) + Cs2(d- d2) + Ts3(d3 d)

Previamente se calcula:
C = 195,075 kg
Cs1 = 35,910 kg
Cs2 = 5,700 kg
Ts3 = 24,111 kg
Mn =195,075 (25 25.5/2) + 35,910 (25 5.9) + 5,700 (25 25) +24,111.0 (44.10 25)
Mn = 3,536,069.85 kgxcm
Mn = 35.36 tnxm

FALLA EN TRACCIN :
En este tipo de falla todas las reas de acero estn sometidas a la traccin
La fuerza axial es:
Pn = - As1xfs1 - As2xfs2 - As3xfs3
Pn = - 8.55x4200 - 5.70x4200 8.55x4200 =
Pn = - 95,760.00 kg.

RESUMEN FINAL DE CALCULOS

Pn(Tn) Mn(Tnxm) C(cm) fs1 (Kg/m2)
fs2
fs3
OBSERVACIN
478.26
0.00 25.00
+4,200.0 +4,200.0 +4,200.0 Excentricidad cero
212.57
35.36 30.00
+4,200.0 +1,000.0 -2,820.0 Falla en comprensin
169.93
37.29 25.94
+4,200.0 +1,242.6 -4,200.0 FALLA BALANCEADA
69.95
30.97 15.00
+3,640.0 -4,000.0 -4,200.0 Falla dctil
Falla dctil( Flexin
pura)
0.00
19.55
7.51
+1,283.7 -4,200.0 -4,200.0
-97.76
0.00 25.00
-4,200.0 -4,200.0 -4,200.0 Falla en Traccin
DIAGRAMA DE INTERACCIN

600
500

478.26

400

Pn

300
212.57
169.93

200
100

69.95

0
0

-100

10

15

20

25

30

-95.76

-200

Mb
Diagrama de Interaccin

Falla Balanceada

35

40

45