Creating A Master-Detail Form

6/8/2015
CreatingaMasterDetailForm
Purpose
InthislessonyoulearnhowtocreateabasicmasterdetailFormwithOracleFormsBuilder10g.
Topics
Thislessondiscussesthefollowing:
Overview
Prerequisites
Step1SettingUptheDevelopmentEnvironment
Step2BuildingaDataBlock
Step3AddingNonBaseTableItemstoaDataBlock
Step4BuildingaDetailBlock
Step5CreatingaNewCanvas
Step6CreatingaNewWindow
Step7BuildingaControlBlock
Step8ControllingNavigation
Step9ModifyingtheLayout
Step10AddingFunctionalitywithCode
Summary
Timetocomplete
Thislessontakesapproximately75minutestocomplete.
ViewingScreenshots
Moveyourmouseoverthisicontoshowallscreenshots.Youcanalsomoveyourmouseovereachindividualicon
toseeonlythescreenshotassociatedwithit.
Overview
ThelessonguidesyouthroughmanyofthetasksthatyoumustperformwhenusingOracleFormsBuildertocreateamaster
detailform.YouusetheDataBlockWizardtoquicklygeneratethemasteranddetailblocks,thenyouaddacontrolblock
(onewithnobasetableitems)totheform.Youaddsomenonbasetableitemstothedatablocks,andusePL/SQLtriggersto
addfunctionalitytotheform.
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Scenario
Youaredesigningahumanresourceapplication.OneofthemainformsinthisapplicationisintendedtoenableHRclerksto
maintaindepartmentandemployeeinformation.Youhavedecidedtoimplementthisasamasterdetailformthatdisplays
onedepartmentwithallemployeesinthedepartment.
Prerequisites
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http://www.oracle.com/webfolder/technetwork/tutorials/obe/forms/FormsMasterDetail/FormsMasterDetailOBE.htm
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Inorderforthislessontoworksuccessfully,youneedtohaveperformedthefollowing:
1.
InstallOracleDeveloperSuite10g.
2.
Installthesampleschemastouseinthislesson.SeeInstallingtheSampleSchemasandEstablishinga
DatabaseConnection.
YoudonotneedtocreateadatabaseconnectioninJDeveloperjusthavetheHRschemaavailablesothat
youcanconnecttoitinForms.Ensurethatthetnsnames.orafileintheNetwork\Admindirectoryofthe
DeveloperSuiteinstallationcontainsanentrytoconnecttothedatabasewheretheHRschemaisavailable.
Step1SettingUptheDevelopmentEnvironment
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OracleDeveloperSuite10gincludesastandaloneversionofOracle10gContainersforJ2EE(OC4J),whichyoucanuseas
aWeblistenerandaservletcontainertotestFormsapplications.Togetreadytobuildandtestaform,performthefollowing
steps:
1.
FromtheWindowsStartmenu,selectPrograms|OracleDeveloperSuiteiDS10g|FormsDeveloper|Start
OC4JInstance.
2.
Youcanminimizethecommandpromptwindowwhenthewindowdisplaysthemessage"OracleApplication
ServerContainersforJ2EE10g(9.0.4.0.0)initialized".
Moveyourmouseoverthisicontoseetheimage
Note:DonotclosetheOC4JInstancewindow.WhenyouwanttostopOC4J,choosePrograms|Oracle
DeveloperSuiteiDS10g|FormsDeveloper|StopOC4JInstancefromtheWindowsStartmenu.
3.
FromtheWindowsStartmenu,selectPrograms|OracleDeveloperSuiteiDS10g|FormsDeveloper|Forms
Builder.
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4.
WhenFormsBuilderstarts,anemptyformisautomaticallycreatednamedModule1.SelecttheModule1name,
thenclickitagaintochangethenameoftheform.TypeinthenameHRandpressEnter.
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5.
ClickSave
.Bydefault,Formssavesfilesinthe\bindirectoryofyourDeveloperSuiteinstallation.You
maywanttosaveitinadifferentdirectoryifdesired,youcancreateanewdirectorycalledMyFormsinwhichto
savetheapplication.
6.
ConnecttothedatabaseastheHRuserbyclickingConnect
andthenenteringtheuserid,password,and
connectstringforthedatabasethatcontainstheHRorHR8schema(seePrerequisites).
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Step2BuildingaDataBlock
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Transactionalapplicationsneedtobeabletoinsert,update,anddeleterecordsfromthedatabase.Thedatablockisthe
mechanismthatmakesthispossibleinaFormsapplication.Adatablockisalogicalgroupingofitemsthatusuallyare
associatedwithasingledatabasetable,view,orsetofstoredprocedures,althoughthedatablockmaycontainnonbase
tableitemsalso.
FormsBuilderincludesaDataBlockWizardtomakeitpossibletoeasilycreateadatablockandaLayoutWizardtolayout
theitemsontheform'scanvas.TousetheDataBlockWizardandtheLayoutWizardtocreateadatablockanddefineits
layout,performthefollowingsteps:
1.
SelecttheDataBlocksnodeintheObjectNavigator,thenclickCreate
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2.
IntheNewDataBlockdialog,ensurethatUsetheDataBlockWizardisselected,thenclickOK.
3.
IftheWelcometotheDataBlockWizardpagedisplays,clickNext>.
Youcanbaseadatablockonadatabasetableorview,oronasetofstoredproceduresinwhichyoucan
definecomplicatedquery,insert,update,anddeletelogic.Forthisapplicationyoubasetheblockonatable,so
ensurethatTableorViewisselected,thenclickNext>.
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4.
IntheTableorviewfield,typedepartmentsforthetablename,thenclickRefresh.Clicktherightdouble
arrowbutton
tomoveallavailablecolumnstotheDatabaseItemstobeincludedintheblock,thenclick
Next>.
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5.
Acceptthedefaultnamefortheblock,whichisthesameasthetablename,andclickNext>.
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6.
OnthefinalpageoftheDataBlockWizard,clickFinishtocreatethedatablockandinvoketheLayoutWizard.
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7.
IftheWelcometotheLayoutWizardpagedisplays,clickNext>.
AcceptthedefaultsandclickNext>tolayouttheitemsonanewcontentcanvas.
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Note:Acontentcanvasisonethatfillstheentirewindow.Youcandisplayonlyonecontentcanvasatatime
withinawindow.Othercanvastypesaretoolbar,stacked,andtabcanvases,whichtypicallyresideinaportion
ofawindowwhilethecontentcanvasremainsatleastpartiallyvisible.
8.
Youdecidetodisplayonlythedepartmentidanddepartmentname,becausethelocationidandmanagerid
arejustnumbersthatarenotmeaningfultotheuser.
ControlclickDEPARTMENT_IDandDEPARTMENT_NAMEintheAvailableItemslist,thenclicktheright
singlearrowbutton
tomovethemtotheDisplayedItemslist.
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ClickNext>.
9.
ClickNext>toacceptthedefaultitemprompt,width,andheightforbothitems.
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10. ClickNext>toaccepttheFormlayout.
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11. FortheFrameTitleenterDepartment,thenclickNext>.
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12. OnthefinalpageoftheLayoutWizard,clickFinishtocreatethecanvasandopenitintheLayoutEditor.
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13. IntheLayoutEditor,youcanperformanycosmeticchangesthatyouwanttothelayout.
First,toensurethatchangestothelayoutframearepreserved,doubleclicktheframe(thelinethatsurrounds
theitems)toinvokeitsPropertyPalette.
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Note:YoucanleavethePropertyPaletteopenitdisplaysthepropertiesforwhateverobjectiscurrently
selected.IfyoushouldclosethePropertyPalette,youcanreopenitbyselectingTools|PropertyPalettefrom
theFormsBuildermenu.Alternatively,doubleclickingmostFormsobjectsopensthePropertyPaletteforthat
object.
14. InthePropertyPalettefortheFrame,changethepropertyUpdateLayoutfromAutomaticallytoManually.
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15. Enlargetheframebyclickingthehandleinitslowerrightcorneranddraggingitdownwardandtotheright.
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onthetoolbarattheleftoftheLayoutEditor.Withthemouse,clickand
16. ClicktheRoundedRectangletool
dragarectanglearoundthedepartmentidandthedepartmentname.
ontheLayoutEditortoolbarandpicka
17. WiththerectangleselectedintheLayoutEditor,clickFillColor
colorfortherectangle.(Youmayneedtoclickthearrow
atthebottomofthetoolbartoscrolldownto
theFillColorbuttoniftheLayoutEditorwindowistoosmalltodisplayallthetools.)
18. ClickSave
tosaveyourform.
Step3AddingNonBaseTableItemstoaDataBlock
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TheDepartmentsblockisbasedontheDepartmentsdatabasetable,andsofaralltheitemsintheblockrepresentcolumns
inthattable.However,thereisoftenaneedtoincludeitemsintheblockthatarenotinthebasetablefortheblock.One
commonuseofnonbasetableitemsistodisplayinformationfromrelatedtables.
TheDepartmentsblockcontainstwoitemsthatdonotappearonthecanvas:Manager_IdandLocation_Id.Youcansee
theseitemsintheObjectNavigator.Insteadofdisplayingthesenumberswhicharenotmeaningfultotheuser,youwantto
displaythemanager'snameandthelocationcity,state/province,andcountry.
Toaddnonbasetableitemstodisplayrelatedinformation,performthefollowingsteps:
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1.
IntheLayoutEditor,clicktheDisplayItemtool
.Clickapointonthecanvasjustbelowthedepartment
nametocreateaDisplayItem.ThenclicktheDisplayItemtoolagain,andclickapointonthecanvasjustbelow
thedisplayitemthatyoujustcreated.
Note:ADisplayItemissimilartoaTextItem(usedforDepartment_IdandDepartment_Name),exceptthatit
doesnotacceptuserinput.Ifyouwantuserstobeabletochangethesevalues,youshoulduseaTextItem.
2.
ControlclickeachoftheDisplayItemstoselectthemboth.Alternatively,youcandragthemousearoundboth
itemstoselectthem,beingcarefultoincludeonlythosetwoitems.
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3.
ThePropertyPaletteshouldnowdisplaythepropertiesforbothdisplayitems.Ifbothdisplayitemshavethe
samevalueforaproperty,thevalueisdisplayed.Ifthetwodisplayitemshavedifferentvaluesforaproperty,
asterisksaredisplayedforthatproperty.
Selectingbothdisplayitemsenablesyoutochangepropertiestoidenticalvaluesforbothitems.
ChangethefollowingpropertiesinthePropertyPaletteforbothdisplayitems:
Property
Value
MaximumLength
65
DatabaseItem
No
Height
14
PromptAttachmentOffset
Hint:Ifyouhavetroublelocatingaparticularproperty,typeitsnameintheFindboxatthetoprightofthe
PropertyPalette.Assoonasyouhavetypedenoughletterstouniquelyidentifytheproperty,FormsBuilder
highlightsthatpropertyinthePropertyPalette.
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4.
Changethefollowingpropertiesforonlythefirstdisplayitembyselectingitsingly(clickanareaoutsidethetwo
displayitemstodeselectthem,thenclickthefirstdisplayitem):
Property
Value
Name
LOCATION
Prompt
Location
Changethefollowingpropertiesfortheseconddisplayitemonly:
Property
Value
Name
MANAGER
Prompt
Manager
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5.
MovethesecondDisplayItemupslightlysoitisjustunderthefirst.Aneasywaytomoveanitemashort
distanceistoselectitandthenusethearrowkeystonudgetheitemtoitsdesiredposition.
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6.
Toensurethatallitemsareproperlyaligned,selectallitems(donotincludethepromptsinthisselection)and
clickAlignLeft
ontheLayoutEditortoolbar.
7.
IntheLayoutEditor,clickintotheitempromptsDepartmentNameandDepartmentId.Deletetheword
"Department"frombothprompts.Alternatively,youcanchangetheitempromptsinthePropertyPalettefor
eachitem.
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8.
ClickSave
tosavetheform,thenclickRunForm
totestit(besurethatyouhavestartedOC4Jsee
Step1).
Whentheformstartsrunning,clickExecuteQuery
PreviousRecord
todisplaydataintheform.ClickNextRecord
and
tonavigatebetweenrecords.
Note:AtthispointtheLocationandManageritemsarenotpopulatedyouwritecodetopopulatetheseitemsin
alaterstep.
9.
ClickExitForm
toexittheapplication,thenclosethebrowserwindow.
CAUTION:AlwaysexittheapplicationbyclickingtheExitFormbuttonpriortoclosingthebrowser.Failure
todothismaycausetheRunformprocesstohangifthishappens,youneedtoopenTaskManagerand
endtheifweb90.exeprocess.
Step4BuildingaDetailBlock
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BacktoTopicList
FormsDevelopergivesyoutheabilitytoquicklydefineadditionaldatablocks.TheDataBlockWizardoffersyoutheoptionof
definingrelationsbetweenthenewblocksandanyexistingblocksintheform.
NowthatyouhaveaDepartmentsblock,youwouldliketobeabletoadditionallydisplayalltheemployeesineach
department.TocreateadetailblockbasedontheEmployeestable,performthefollowingsteps:
1.
SelectDepartmentsintheObjectNavigator,thenclickCreate
.Thisensuresthatthenewblock
immediatelyfollowsDepartmentsintheObjectNavigatortree.Thesequenceoftheblocksdeterminesdefault
navigationandalsothesequenceofcommitprocessing.
Note:Ifyouhappentocreateanobjectinthewrongorder,youcandragitsicontothedesiredpositioninthe
ObjectNavigator.Forexample,ifthesequenceoftheblocksisEmployees,thenDepartments,youcandragthe
EmployeesblockicontoapositionafterDepartmentsundertheDataBlocksnode.
2.
IntheNewDataBlockdialog,ensurethatUsetheDataBlockWizardisselected,thenclickOK.
3.
IftheWelcometotheDataBlockWizardpagedisplays,clickNext>.
Youarebasingtheblockonatable,soensurethatTableorViewisselected,thenclickNext>.
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4.
IntheTableorviewfield,typeemployeesforthetablename,thenclickRefresh.Clicktherightdoublearrow
button
tomoveallavailablecolumnstotheDatabaseItemstobeincludedintheblock,thenclick
Next>.
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5.
Becausethereisalreadyablockintheform,youareofferedtheoptiontorelatethisnewblocktoit.Click
CreateRelationship....Adialogdisplaysanyforeignkeysdefinedinthedatabasebetweenthesetwotables.
ClickOKtobasetherelationshipbetweentheblocksontheEMP_DEPT_FKforeignkey.
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6.
ClickNext>toacceptthejoinconditioncreatedautomaticallybyFormsBuilderbasedontheforeignkey,then
onthenextscreenclickNext>,andthenFinish.
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7.
IftheWelcometotheLayoutWizardpagedisplays,clickNext>.
ClickNext>toacceptthedefaultoflayingouttheitemsontheexistingcanvas.
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8.
IntheAvailableItemscolumn,selectfordisplayallitemsexceptManager_IdandDepartment_Id,andthenclick
thesinglerightarrowbutton
tomovethemtotheDisplayedItemscolumn.
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9.
Changethefollowingitemprompts:
Name
Prompt
EMPLOYEE_ID
ID
PHONE_NUMBER
Phone
COMMISSION_PCT
Commission%
ClickNext>.
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10. Youwanttodisplayseveralemployeesatatimeinatabularformat,soselecttheTabularoptionandclickNext
>.
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11. FortheFrameTitle,typeEmployees.ChangeRecordsDisplayedto5.CheckDisplayScrollbar,thenclick
Next>,andonthefinalscreen,clickFinish.
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12. TheLayoutEditoropensshowinghowfiveemployeerecordsaredisplayed.IfyoumaximizetheLayoutEditor
window,youcanseethatthecanvashasbeenenlargedtoaccommodatealltheitems,buttheviewport,which
istheareathatshowsdataintherunningform,doesnotshowtheentirerecord.
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Note:Althoughinthiscaseyoucouldenlargetheviewportsothattheentirerecordisvisible,forthisexercise
youuseadifferenttechniquethatshowsyouonewaytomakeitpossibleforuserstoviewmoredatathancan
displayinasinglewindow.
13. RestoretheLayoutEditorwindowtoitsoriginalsize.ObservethattheObjectNavigatorshowsthatarelation,
sometriggers,andsomeprogramunitshavebeenautomaticallycreated.Theseareformasterdetail
coordination.
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14. ClickSave
Step1).
Noticethattheformautomaticallydisplaysemployeesassociatedwiththenextdepartmentrecord.ClickNext
Block
tonavigatetotheEmployeesblock.Youmusttabthroughtheitemstobeabletoseethemall.
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Inthenextstep,youseeonetechniquetobetterdisplaydatathatdoesnotfitinasinglewindow.
15. ClickExitForm
Step5CreatingaNewCanvas
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Byrunningthemasterdetailform,youcanseethatFormshasalreadydonethejobofbuildingandcoordinatingthemaster
detailblocksforyou.Theformisusefulasitis,withonlythedefaultfunctionalitythatFormshasbuiltforyou.Intheremaining
steps,youmakeadjustmentstoenhancetheusabilityoftheform.Thefirstthingyoudoiscreateanewcanvastodisplay
mostofthedetailsaboutanemployee.
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Inadditiontothecontentcanvas,whichtakesupallthespaceinthewindow,youcancreatethreeothertypesofcanvases:
Stackedcanvas
Candisplayinfrontofacontentcanvasandisusuallysmallerthanthecontentcanvas
Tabcanvas
Specializedtypeofstackedcanvascontainingmultipletabpages
Toolbarcanvas
Canvasthatdisplaysaboveortotheleftofthecontentcanvas,typicallyusedforbuttons
YoudecidetocreateasecondcontentcanvasandmovesomeoftheitemsfromtheEmployeesblocktothatcanvas.In
addition,youdefineonthatsecondcanvassomeitemsthataresynchronizedwiththeitemsthatappearonthemaincanvas.
Tocreatethesecondcontentcanvas,movesomeoftheEmployeesblockitemstoit,andcreatesomesynchronizeditems,
performthefollowingsteps:
1.
2.
SelectthecanvasintheObjectNavigatorandclickCreate
ChangethenamesofbothcanvasesbyclickingthenameintheObjectNavigator,thenclickingagainand
overtypingtheexistingname.CalltheoriginalcanvasMAIN_CVandthenewcanvasEMP_DETAILS_CV.
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Note:AlternativelyyoucouldchangethenameinthePropertyPalette.
3.
OpentheMAIN_CVcanvasintheLayoutEditor.IntheEmployeesblock,controlclick(ordragthemouse)to
selecttheEmail,Phone_Number,Hire_Date,Salary,andCommission_Pctitems.ChooseEdit|Cutfromthe
menu.
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4.
SelecttheEMP_DETAILS_CVcanvasfromtheCanvaspopuplistatthetopleftoftheLayoutEditorandselect
EMPLOYEESfromtheBlockpopuplist.ChooseEdit|Pastefromthemenu.Dragtheitemstoalocationnear
theupperleftcornerofthecanvas.
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5.
Withallitemsstillselected,openthePropertyPaletteandchangethefollowingproperties:
Property
Value
NumberofItemsDisplayed
PromptAttachmentEdge
Start
PromptAttachmentOffset
Thendragtheitemstoarrangethemonthecanvas,leavingsomeroomatthetopforthesynchronizeditems
thatyoucreatenext.
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6.
Changethebackgroundcolorofthecanvas.ClickablankspotonthecanvassothatthePropertyPalette
displaysthecanvasproperties.ChangetheBackgroundColorpropertytoacolorofyourchoosing.
7.
SelectMAIN_CVfromtheCanvaspopuplistoftheLayoutEditor.SelecttogethertheEmployee_Id,
First_Name,andLast_Nameitems.Fromthemenu,chooseEdit|Copy.
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8.
SelectEMP_DETAILS_CVfromtheCanvaspopuplistoftheLayoutEditor.Fromthemenu,chooseEdit|
Paste.
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9.
Changethepropertyvaluesasyoudidinstep55above,thenchangethenamesofeachoftheitemsto
M_EMPLOYEE_ID,M_FIRST_NAME,andM_LAST_NAME(theMisjustanindicationthattheseitemsmirror,orare
synchronizedwith,otheritems).
IntheSynchronizewithItempropertyforeachitem,selectfromthepoplisttheitemwithwhichthisitemshould
besynchronized.Forexample,M_Employee_IdshouldbesynchronizedwithEmployee_Id.
Changeotherindividualpropertiesasshown:
Item
Property
Value
M_EMPLOYEE_IDand Required
M_LAST_NAME
No
M_FIRST_NAMEand
M_LAST_NAME
Null
0
DataLengthSemantics
MaximumLength
Note:Ifyoufailtosetthese
properties,theformstill
functions,butyoureceive
annoyingmessageswhenyou
runtheformfromForms
Builder.Ifyouwouldprefernot
tosettheseproperties,youcan
ignorethemessages.
Dragtheitemstothetopofthecanvasandarrangethemnearthetop.
10. OpentheMAIN_CVcanvasagain.ToensurethatchangestothelayoutoftheEmployeesblockarepreserved,
clickitsFrame(thelinethatsurroundstheitemsintheEmployeesblock).InthePropertyPalettefortheFrame,
changethepropertyUpdateLayoutfromAutomaticallytoManually.
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11. MovethescrollbarfromthefarrightoftheMAIN_CVcanvastoapositionjusttotherightoftheremainingitems,
thenresizetheframewidthappropriately.
12. ClickSave
Step1).
todisplaydataintheform.ClickNextBlock
to
navigatetotheEmployeesblock.Youstillmusttabthroughtheitemstobeabletoseethemall,butatleastnow
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theemployeedetaildisplaysallinonewindow.Youmaynoticethatnavigationthroughtheitemsonthedetail
pageisnotwhatyoumightexpectyouchangethenavigationinalaterstep.
Note:Youcoulduseastackedcanvas,ratherthanacontentcanvas,todisplaytheemployeedetails.Ifyouhad
alargernumberofitems,youcoulduseatabcanvastodisplaythem,arrangingtheitemsondifferenttab
pages.
13. ClickExitForm
Step6CreatingaNewWindow
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Becauseyouhavetwocontentcanvasesandonewindow,youcandisplayonlyonecontentcanvasatatime.Bothcanvases
displayinWindow1thatFormsBuildercreatedbydefault.
Ifyouwouldliketoenableuserstoviewbothcanvasesatonce,youcancreateanotherwindow.Tocreateanewwindow
anddisplaytheEMP_DETAILS_CVcanvasinit,performthefollowingsteps:
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1. SelectthewindowintheObjectNavigatorandclickCreate
2. ChangethenamesofbothwindowsbyclickingthenameintheObjectNavigator,thenclickingagainand
overtypingtheexistingname.CalltheoriginalwindowMAIN_WINandthenewwindowEMP_DETAILS_WIN.
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Note:AlternativelyyoucouldchangethenameinthePropertyPalette.
3. InthePropertyPaletteforeachwindow,changeitsTitleproperty.Thischangesthetitlethatdisplaysineach
windowoftherunningform.
ChangethetitleforMAIN_WINtoDepartmentsandEmployees.ChangethetitleforEMP_DETAILS_WINto
EmployeeDetails.
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4. SelecttheEMP_DETAILS_CVcanvasintheObjectNavigator.InthePropertyPalette,changeitsWindow
propertybyselectingEMP_DETAILS_WINfromthepopuplist.
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5. IntheLayoutEditorfortheMAIN_CVcanvas,placeyourcursoratthepointwhereyouwantthenewwindowto
bedisplayed,andmakenoteoftheXandYcoordinatesshownatthebottomoftheLayoutEditorwindow.In
thiscase,theXandYcoordinatesare210and120.
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6. InthePropertyPalettefortheEMP_DETAILS_WINwindow,settheXPositionandYPositionpropertiestothe
valuesoftheXandYcoordinatesinthepreviousstep.TheexampleshowssettingXPositionto210andY
Positionto120.
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7. OpentheEMP_DETAILS_CVcanvasintheLayoutEditorandresizetheViewport(blackrectangle)sothatitis
justlargeenoughtodisplayalltheitems.YoumayneedtomaximizetheLayoutEditorwindowtobeableto
seetheoriginallowerrightpointoftheviewport.
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Note:Resizingtheviewportactuallyresizesthewindowinwhichthecanvasisdisplayed.Itisavisualwayto
changetheheightandwidthpropertiesofthewindowwithouttheneedtochangethemdirectlyintheProperty
Palette.
8. ClickSave
Step1).
todisplaydataintheform.ClickNextBlock
to
navigatetotheEmployeesblock.Tabthroughtheitemssothattheseparatewindowisinvoked.
Designsuggestion:Becauseyoucannowseethedetailsalongwiththemaincanvas,youmaydecideto
eliminatethesynchronizeditemsfromthedetailcanvas.
Itmayalsobehelpfultodifferentiatethecurrentrowonthemaincanvasvisually,suchasbyspecifyinga
differentbackgroundcolorforthecurrentitem.Youcandothisby:
Definingavisualattribute(seetheonlinehelptopicCreatingaNamedVisualAttribute)
SettingapropertyoftheEmployeesblockcalledCurrentRecordVisualAttributegrouptothenameofthe
visualattributethatyoudefined
9. ClickExitForm
Step7BuildingaControlBlock
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Althoughmostdatablocksarebasedontables,views,orstoredprocedures,youcancreateblocksthatarenotrelatedtothe
database.SuchblocksarereferredtoasControlBlocks.ControlBlockstypicallycontainbuttons,calculateditems,orother
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objectsthatpertaintotheformasawhole,ratherthanjustasingleblock.
Tocreateacontrolblocktodisplaythesumofdepartmentsalaries,performthefollowingsteps:
1.
SelecttheEmployeesblockintheObjectNavigatorandclickCreate
2.
SelecttheoptiontoBuildanewdatablockmanually,thenclickOK.
3.
InthePropertyPaletteforthenewblock,setNametoCONTROLandsetSingleRecordtoYes.TheSingle
RecordpropertyisappropriateforaControlBlockbecauseitdoesnotcontainmultiplerecords.
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Note:SingleRecordmustbesettoYesforaControlBlockthatcontainsasummarycalculateditem.
4.
IntheLayoutEditor,opentheMAIN_CVcanvas.SelectCONTROLfromtheBlockpopuplist.
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5.
ClicktheDisplayItemtool
,thenclickinthecanvastotherightoftheManageritem.
6.
UsingthePropertyPalette,setthefollowingpropertiesonthenewitem:
Property
Value
Name
SAL_SUM
DataType
Number
MaximumLength
14
FormatMask
$9,999,999.00
CalculationMode
Summary
SummaryFunction
Sum
SummarizedBlock
EMPLOYEES
SummarizedItem
Salary
Height
14
Prompt
TotalSalaries
PromptAttachmentEdge
Top
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7.
AsummarizedblockmusthaveitsQueryAllRecordsorPrecomputeSummariespropertysettoYessothatthe
sumincludesallrecords,notonlythosealreadyretrievedintotheblock.InthePropertyPaletteforthe
Employeesblock,setoneofthesepropertiestoYes.
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8.
ClickSave
Step1).
to
navigatetoadepartmentwithmorethanoneemployee.
ClickNextBlock
tonavigatetotheEmployeesblock.Tabthroughtheitemssothattheseparatewindowis
invoked.
Whilethecursorisintheseparatewindow,clickNextRecord
verifythatthetotaldepartmentsalariesfigureiscorrect.
throughallexistingemployeerecordsand
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9.
ClickExitForm
Step8ControllingNavigation
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Asyouweretestingtheform,dependingonhowyouarrangedtheitemsyoumayhavenoticedthatthecursordidnotmovein
thedesiredsequencewhenyoutabbedthroughtheitems.Inaddition,youmaypreferthatwhenyoutaboutofthelastitemin
anEmployeesrecord,thatthecursorshouldmovetothenextrecord,andthatwhenyoutaboutofthelastitemina
Departmentsrecord,thatthecursorshouldmovetotheEmployeesblock.Inthisstep,youchangethenavigationorderso
thatthesethingsareaccomplished.
Tochangenavigationorder,performthefollowingsteps:
1.
Bydefault,navigationorderisdeterminedbythesequenceinwhichobjectsappearintheObjectNavigator.
OpentheEMP_DETAILS_CVcanvasintheLayoutEditor.IntheObjectNavigator,dragtheitemsinthe
Employeesblocktotheorderinwhichyouwantthenavigationtooccur.
Forexample,whenitemsarearrangedonthecanvasasshownbelow,youwantthecursortomoveto
HIRE_DATEwhenyoutaboutofPHONE_NUMBER.Tochangethesequence,youdragHIRE_DATEinthe
ObjectNavigatortothepositionjustafterPHONE_NUMBER.
IgnoretheitemsJOB_ID,MANAGER_ID,andDEPARTMENT_ID,becausethoseitemsarenotdisplayedon
anycanvas,sonavigationtothoseitemsdoesnotoccur.
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2.
Youcanalsouseblockpropertiestoaffectnavigationorder.
InthePropertyPalettefortheDepartmentsblock,changetheNavigationStylepropertytoChangeData
Block.
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3. InthePropertyPalettefortheEmployeesblock,changetheNavigationStylepropertytoChangeRecord.
4.
ClickSave
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Step1).TestthatthenavigationorderisthesameaswhatyoudeterminedbymovingtheitemsintheObject
Navigator,thatthecursormovesintotheEmployeesblockwhenyoutaboutoftheDepartment_Nameitem,
andthatthecursormovestothenextEmployeesrecordwhenyoutaboutofthelastitemintheEmployees
block.
ClickExitForm
5.
Youcanalsoaffectnavigationwithitemproperties.
Inpreparationforsomenewfunctionalitythatyouimplementwithcodeinalaterstep,changethefollowing
itempropertiesintheEmployeesblock:
Item
Property
Value
EMPLOYEE_ID
PreviousNavigationItem
LAST_NAME
LAST_NAME
NextNavigationItem
EMPLOYEE_ID
Note:Whenviewingaqueriedrecord,thismakesitimpossibletonavigatetotheemployeedetailsshownon
theEMP_DETAILS_CVcanvas.Youaddtheabilitytonavigatetotheseitemsinalaterstep.
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6.
ClickSave
tosavetheform.
Step9ModifyingtheLayout
BacktoTopicList
Whenyouattempttoinsertanewemployeerecord,youdiscoverthatyouhaveomittedarequireddatabasecolumn,JOB_ID,
fromthelayout.YoudidincludeJOB_IDinthedatablockitselfifyouhadnot,youcouldusetheDataBlockWizardin
reentrantmodetoaddtheJOB_IDtothedatablock.ToinvoketheDataBlockWizardinreentrantmode,youjustrightclick
theblockintheObjectNavigatorandchooseDataBlockWizardfromthecontextmenu.
Sothatitisbepossibletousetheformtoinsertemployeerecords,youcouldusetheLayoutWizardinreentrantmodetoadd
theitemtothelayoutforthatrequireddatabasecolumn.However,usingtheLayoutWizardarrangestheitemsintheir
originaltabularlayoutwithintheframeontheMAIN_CVcanvas,andthisisnotdesirableforthisapplication.Ifyouwanttotry
thistoseetheeffect,savetheformfirstsothatyoucanreverttothesavedcopy,thenrightclicktheEmployeesframeonthe
MAIN_CVcanvasandselectLayoutWizardfromthecontextmenutoopentheLayoutWizardinreentrantmode.Youcantell
thatyouareinreentrantmodebecausetherearetabsalongthetopoftheWizardandthereisanApplybuttonthatdoesnot
existunlesstheWizardisinreentrantmode.ThenontheDataBlocktab,moveJOB_IDtoDisplayedItemsandclickFinish.
Afteryouexperimentwiththis,closetheformwithoutsavingit(selecttheHRformintheObjectNavigatorandclickDelete),
thenreopenthesavedformtocontinue.
InsteadofusingtheLayoutWizardinreentrantmodetomodifythelayout,inthisstepyousimplychangethepropertiesofthe
JOB_IDitem.ToaddJOB_IDtotheEMP_DETAILS_CVcanvas,performthefollowingsteps:
1.
SelecttheJOB_IDitemintheObjectNavigatoranddisplayitsPropertyPalette.ChangeitsCanvasPropertyto
EMP_DETAILS_CV,changeNumberofItemsDisplayedto1,andchangePromptAttachmentOffsetto5.
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2.
OpentheLayoutEditorfortheEMP_DETAILS_CVcanvas.TheJOB_IDitemisdisplayedintheupperleft
corner.Dragittothedesiredpositiononthecanvas.
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3.
IntheObjectNavigator,dragtheJOB_IDitemtotheproperpositionforthedesirednavigationorder.
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4.
ClickSave
Step1).
Beforequeryinganydata,attempttoinsertanewDepartmentsrecord.Enter99fortheDepartment_Idand
TestfortheDepartment_Name.ClickSave
.Therecordshouldbeinsertedwithouterror.
5.
ClickRemoveRecord
todeletetherecordthatyoujustinserted,thenclickSave
.Therecordshould
bedeletedwithouterror.
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6.
ClickExecuteQuery
.NavigatetotheEmployeesblockandclickInsertRecord
Enter999fortheEmployee_ID,andenteryourownfirstandlastname.ClickSave
.
.
Becausetherearesomerequireditemsthathavenovalues,youreceiveanerrorandFormsautomatically
navigatestothefirstnullrequireditem.EnterIT_PROGfortheJob_Id,thenfillinanyvaluesyoudesireforthe
otheritems.ThenclickSave
.TherecordshouldbesavedsuccessfullynoticethattheTotalSalaries
amountisrecalculatedautomatically.Youmaydeletethenewrecordifdesired.
ClickExitForm
Step10AddingFunctionalitywithCode
BacktoTopicList
Nowyouhaveafullyfunctionalmasterdetailformthatenablesyoutoquery,insert,update,anddeleterecords.Theform
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evenperformscalculationsautomatically,andyouhavenotwrittenasinglelineofcodetoachievethisfunctionality.Forms
Buildermakesiteasytodeclarativelydevelopacompleteapplication.
However,youmaydesiretoaddfunctionalitybycodingPL/SQLprogramunitsandtriggersinyourform.Atriggerisablockof
codethatexecutesinresponsetoacertainaction,suchaswhentheuserclicksabutton.
Inthisstep,youwritecodetoperformthefollowing:
Executeaqueryautomatically
Populatenonbasetableitemswhenquerying
Uselistsofvaluesforuserinput
Createabuttontodisplaydetails
Adjustnavigationprogrammatically
Closeawindowprogrammatically
ExecuteaQueryAutomatically
BacktoList
Itiscommonfortheusertowantdatatobedisplayedintheformwhenitfirstopens.Toexecuteaqueryautomaticallywhen
theformstarts,performthefollowingsteps:
1.
IntheObjectNavigator,rightclicktheformlevelTriggersnode,thenselectSmartTriggers|WHENNEW
FORMINSTANCEfromthecontextmenu.
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2.
ThePL/SQLEditoropensupfortheformlevelWhenNewFormInstancetrigger.Enterthefollowingcode:
DO_KEY('EXECUTE_QUERY')
ThenclickCompile
inthePL/SQLEditor.Amessageshowingthatthetriggeriscompileddisplaysinthe
lowerrightcorneroftheeditor.
ClickSave
PopulateNonBaseTableItemsWhenQuerying
BacktoList
Onewaytolookuprelateddataanddisplayitautomaticallyinnonbasetableitemsistouseapostquerytrigger.This
techniquerequiresaroundtriptothedatabaseforeachrowthatisretrievedbythequery,soitcanresultinslower
performance.Foralargenumberofrecords,youmaywanttoconsiderbasingthetableonavieworonasetofstored
procedures,whichmayprovidebetterperformance.
Toautomaticallypopulatethenonbasetableitemswhenquerying,performthefollowingsteps:
1.
UndertheDepartmentsblockintheObjectNavigator,selecttheTriggersnode,thenclickCreate
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2.
3.
TypepintheFindbox,thenselectPOSTQUERYfromthelist.ClickOK.
ThePL/SQLEditoropensupfortheblocklevelPostQuerytriggerfortheDepartmentsblock.ThePostQuery
triggerfiresforeveryrowthatisretrievedbyaqueryoftheDepartmentsblock.Enterthefollowingcode:
SELECTCITY||','||STATE_PROVINCE||','
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||COUNTRY_ID
INTO:departments.location
FROMlocations
WHERE:departments.location_id=location_id
SELECTFIRST_NAME||''||LAST_NAME
INTO:departments.manager
FROMemployees
WHERE:departments.manager_id=employee_id
ThenclickCompile
inthePL/SQLEditor.Amessageshowingthatthetriggeriscompileddisplaysinthe
lowerrightcorneroftheeditor.
ClickSave
UseListsofValuesforUserInput
BacktoList
AListofValues(LOV)canbeattachedtoanyinputitemtohelpuserstoenteraccuratedata.Thereislittlecodinginvolvedin
defininganLOVotherthantypingintheSELECTstatementtouse.
YoucoulduseLOVsforLocationandManager,thenpopulatethosenonbasetableitemsalongwiththeirassociatedbase
tableitems,Location_IdandManager_Id.However,inthisexample,youuseanLOVtoenabletheusertoselectavalid
Job_Idforanemployee.
TodefineanLOVfortheJob_Iditem,performthefollowingsteps:
1.
ClicktheLOVsnodeintheObjectNavigator,thenclickCreate
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2.
LeavetheUsetheLOVWizardoptionselectedandclickOK.
3.
OnthefirstpageoftheLOVWizard,clickNexttobasetheLOVonanewrecordgroupbasedonaquery.
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4.
FortheSQLQueryStatement,enterthefollowing:
SELECTjob_titleTITLE,job_idID
FROMjobs
ORDERBYjob_title
Donotendthestatementwithasemicolon.
Ifyouwanttoensurethatthestatementissyntacticallycorrect,clickCheckSyntax.Youshouldreceivea
messageaffirmingthecorrectnessofthestatementclickOKtodismissthismessage,thenintheLOVWizard,
clickNext.
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5.
IntheLOVyouwanttodisplaytheJob_Titletotheuser,becausethiscontainsinformationthatismeaningfulto
theuser.YoudecidetoalsodisplaytheJob_Id.Clickthedoublerightarrowbutton
tomovebothrecord
groupcolumnstotheLOV,thenclickNext.
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6.
WhatyouaretryingtoaccomplishistopopulatetheJob_IditemintheEmployeesblockwiththeIDselected
fromthequery.
ClicktheReturnvaluecolumnfortheIDcolumn,thenclickLookupreturnitem....IntheItemsandParameters
list,select:EMPLOYEES.JOB_ID,thenclickOK.
CheckAutomaticallysizecolumns,thenclickNext.
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7.
EnterJobsfortheLOVTitle,250fortheWidth,and300fortheHeight.ClickNext.
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8.
ClickNexttoacceptthedefaultsofretrieving20rowsatatimeandrefreshingtherecordgroupbefore
displayingtheLOV.
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9.
YouwanttheLOVtobeavailablefromtheJob_IDitemintheEmployeesblock.Clicktherightarrowbutton
tomoveEMPLOYEES.JOB_IDfromReturnItemstoAssignedItems,thenclickNext,andonthefinal
screen,clickFinish.
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ClickSave
CreateaButtontoDisplayDetails
BacktoList
BecausethereisnownoeasywaytonavigatetoitemsontheEMP_DETAILS_CVcanvas,youcreateabuttonenabling
userstodoso.
Inmostcases,youwouldcreatebuttonsintheControlblock.However,thebuttonneedstoknowwhichrecordinthe
Employeesblocktodisplaydetailsfor,andtheeasiestwaytodothis(thereareotherways)istoplacethebuttoninthe
Employeesblock.
Formostbuttons,yousettheMouseNavigatepropertytoNo.Inthiscase,however,youwanttoselectanemployeerecord
anddisplayitsdetailswithoneclick,soyouleaveMouseNavigatesettoitsdefaultvalue,whichisYes.
Tocreateabuttontodisplayemployeedetails,performthefollowingsteps:
1.
OpentheLayoutEditorfortheMAIN_CVcanvas.EnlargetheEmployeesframetotherightbyselectingitand
draggingitsresizehandle.Movethescrollbartotherightsideoftheframe.
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2.
SelectEMPLOYEESfromtheblocklistintheLayoutEditor.ClicktheButtontoolintheLayoutEditor,thenclick
intheareabetweenLast_Nameandthescrollbar.
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3.
OpenthePropertyPaletteforthebuttonandsetthefollowingproperties:
Property
Value
Name
DETAILS_BTN
Label
Details
Width
50
Height
14
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4.
IntheObjectNavigator,dragthebuttontoapositionjustafterLast_Name.
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5.
RightclicktheDETAILS_BTNbutton,andfromthecontextmenuchooseSmartTriggers|WHENBUTTON
PRESSED.
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6.
InthePL/SQLEditor,enterthefollowingcode:
GO_ITEM('job_id')
ClickCompile
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ClickSave
AdjustNavigationProgrammatically
BacktoList
YoupreviouslysettheNavigationStylepropertyoftheEmployeesblocktoChangeRecord,whichmeansthatwhentheuser
tabsoutofthelastitemintheblock,thecursorgoestothefirstiteminthenextrecord.However,becauseLast_Nameisnot
thelastitemintheblock,tabbingoutofitsimplynavigatestotheEmployee_Idofthesamerecord.
Toadjustnavigationsothattabbingfromtheemployee'slastnamenavigatestothenextrecord,performthefollowingsteps:
1.
2.
IntheObjectNavigator,expandtheLast_NamenodeundertheEmployeesblock,andselecttheTriggers
node.ClickCreate
.
IntheTriggerswindow,scrolldownandselectKEYNEXTITEM,thenclickOK.
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3.
InthePL/SQLEditor,enterthefollowingcode,thenclickCompile
do_key('next_record')
ClickSave
CloseaWindowProgrammatically
BacktoList
WhentheuserclickstheXonaFormswindowtocloseit,bydefaultnothinghappens.Ifyouwanttheusertobeabletoclose
thewindow,youmustcodetheactiontotake.
ToclosetheEMP_DETAILS_WINwindowwhentheuserclickstheX,performthefollowingsteps:
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1.
SelecttheTriggersnodeundertheHRform,clickCreate
,andchooseWHENWINDOWCLOSEDfrom
thetriggerlist,thenclickOK.
2.
InthePL/SQLEditor,enterthefollowingcode,thenclickCompile:
IF:SYSTEM.CURSOR_ITEMIN('EMPLOYEES.M_EMPLOYEE_ID',
'EMPLOYEES.M_FIRST_NAME',
'EMPLOYEES.M_LAST_NAME',
'EMPLOYEES.JOB_ID',
'EMPLOYEES.EMAIL',
'EMPLOYEES.PHONE_NUMBER',
'EMPLOYEES.HIRE_DATE',
'EMPLOYEES.SALARY',
'EMPLOYEES.COMMISSION_PCT')THEN
GO_ITEM('employee_id')
HIDE_WINDOW('emp_details_win')
ENDIF
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ClickSave
3.
ClickRunForm
totestit(besurethatyouhavestartedOC4JseeStep1).
Demonstratethat:
Theformdisplaysthedata(executesthequery)automatically.
TheLocationandManageritemsarepopulatedautomatically.
WhennavigatingintheEmployeesblockontheMaincanvas,tabbingoutofLast_Namenavigatestothe
nextemployeerecord.
EmployeedetailsdisplaywhenyouclickDetailsintheEmployeesblock.
IntheJob_IditemyoucandisplayandselectfromanLOVwhenyoupressCtrl+L,andtheJob_Iditemis
populatedwiththejobthatyouselect.
Youcanclosethedetailwindow.
ClickExitForm
Summary
BacktoTopicList
ThisexerciseshowedyouhoweasyitistocreateamasterdetailformusingtheDataBlockandLayoutWizardsinForms
Builder.Youalsomanuallycreatedacontrolblockonwhichyouplacedanitemtoautomaticallycalculatethesumofsalaries
foradepartment.
Youenhancedadatablockwithnonbasetableitemstodisplaydatafromrelatedtables,andyoumovedsomeitemstoa
newcanvastodisplayinaseparatewindow.Youadjustednavigationandaddedanotherbasetableitemtothelayout.This
fullyfunctionalmasterdetailformwasachievedusingonlythevisualanddeclarativeIDEofFormsBuilder.
Youthenaddedcodetoexecuteaqueryautomatically,populatethenonbasetableitems,definealistofvaluestoaiduser
input,createabuttontodisplayemployeedetails,furtherrefinenavigationprogrammatically,andprogrammaticallyclosethe
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separatewindow.
ThisbriefoverviewonlyscratchesthesurfaceofwhatyoucanaccomplishwithFormsBuilder.Formoreinformation,see
RelatedTopicsbelow.
Relatedtopics
OracleEducationcourses:OracleFormsDeveloper10g:MovetotheWeb
OracleEducationcourses:OracleFormsDeveloper10g:BuildInternetApplications
OTN:FormsProductspage
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