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Section VII
Labor market efficiency
470
7.01
How would you characterize labor-employer relations in your country? [1 = generally confrontational; 7 = generally cooperative] | 201011 weighted
average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
VALUE
MEAN: 4.4
RANK
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
VALUE
MEAN: 4.4
How are wages generally set in your country? [1 = by a centralized bargaining process; 7 = up to each individual company] | 201011 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
VALUE
MEAN: 4.9
Uganda...................................... 6.1
Hong Kong SAR ........................ 6.1
Kyrgyz Republic ........................ 6.1
Bahrain ...................................... 6.1
United Arab Emirates................ 6.0
Estonia ...................................... 6.0
Singapore .................................. 6.0
Lithuania.................................... 6.0
Macedonia, FYR........................ 6.0
Qatar ......................................... 6.0
Burundi...................................... 5.9
Yemen....................................... 5.8
Brunei Darussalam.................... 5.8
Saudi Arabia .............................. 5.8
Mongolia ................................... 5.8
Japan......................................... 5.8
United Kingdom ........................ 5.7
Switzerland ............................... 5.7
Lebanon .................................... 5.7
Azerbaijan.................................. 5.7
Vietnam..................................... 5.7
Kuwait ....................................... 5.7
El Salvador ................................ 5.7
Taiwan, China ........................... 5.6
Peru........................................... 5.6
New Zealand............................. 5.6
Malawi ...................................... 5.6
Malaysia .................................... 5.5
Chile .......................................... 5.5
Moldova .................................... 5.5
Kazakhstan ................................ 5.5
United States ............................ 5.5
Haiti........................................... 5.5
Georgia...................................... 5.5
Cte dIvoire ............................. 5.5
Jordan ....................................... 5.5
Canada ...................................... 5.5
Rwanda ..................................... 5.5
Benin......................................... 5.5
Oman ........................................ 5.4
Hungary..................................... 5.4
Nigeria....................................... 5.4
Armenia..................................... 5.4
Cape Verde ............................... 5.4
Dominican Republic .................. 5.4
Israel ......................................... 5.3
Poland ....................................... 5.3
Syria .......................................... 5.3
Belize ........................................ 5.3
Korea, Rep. ............................... 5.3
Tajikistan ................................... 5.3
China ......................................... 5.3
Guatemala................................. 5.2
Turkey ....................................... 5.2
Puerto Rico ............................... 5.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina ........... 5.2
France ....................................... 5.2
India .......................................... 5.2
Ukraine...................................... 5.2
Latvia......................................... 5.2
Czech Republic ......................... 5.2
Ethiopia ..................................... 5.2
Bulgaria ..................................... 5.2
Serbia ........................................ 5.2
Burkina Faso ............................. 5.2
Bangladesh ............................... 5.2
Suriname................................... 5.2
Gambia, The.............................. 5.2
Colombia ................................... 5.2
Croatia....................................... 5.1
Egypt......................................... 5.1
RANK
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
VALUE
Madagascar............................... 5.1
Albania ...................................... 5.1
Mauritania ................................. 5.1
Paraguay ................................... 5.1
Guyana ...................................... 5.1
Slovak Republic......................... 5.1
Sri Lanka ................................... 5.1
Chad.......................................... 5.1
Panama ..................................... 5.0
Morocco.................................... 5.0
Kenya ........................................ 5.0
Russian Federation ................... 4.9
Jamaica ..................................... 4.9
Zambia ...................................... 4.9
Cambodia .................................. 4.9
Cameroon ................................. 4.9
Namibia ..................................... 4.9
Mexico ...................................... 4.8
Romania .................................... 4.8
Montenegro .............................. 4.8
Nicaragua .................................. 4.8
Angola ....................................... 4.8
Botswana .................................. 4.7
Thailand..................................... 4.7
Malta ......................................... 4.7
Lesotho ..................................... 4.7
Pakistan..................................... 4.7
Costa Rica................................. 4.6
Mali ........................................... 4.6
Barbados ................................... 4.6
Philippines................................. 4.5
Ghana........................................ 4.5
Honduras................................... 4.5
Senegal ..................................... 4.4
Swaziland .................................. 4.4
Mauritius ................................... 4.4
Cyprus....................................... 4.4
Timor-Leste............................... 4.3
Luxembourg.............................. 4.3
Portugal..................................... 4.3
Iceland....................................... 4.3
Indonesia................................... 4.3
Ecuador ..................................... 4.3
Brazil ......................................... 4.3
Australia .................................... 4.3
Bolivia........................................ 4.2
Nepal......................................... 4.2
Tunisia....................................... 4.2
Trinidad and Tobago.................. 4.2
Denmark ................................... 4.2
Tanzania .................................... 4.1
Ireland ....................................... 4.0
Mozambique ............................. 4.0
Algeria ....................................... 3.9
Slovenia..................................... 3.8
Venezuela.................................. 3.7
Spain ......................................... 3.6
Belgium..................................... 3.5
Norway...................................... 3.5
Iran, Islamic Rep. ...................... 3.5
Netherlands............................... 3.5
Finland....................................... 3.3
Italy ........................................... 3.2
Greece ...................................... 3.1
Germany ................................... 3.1
Sweden..................................... 3.0
South Africa .............................. 3.0
Argentina................................... 2.7
Austria....................................... 2.6
Zimbabwe ................................. 2.5
Uruguay..................................... 2.3
MEAN: 4.9
7.02
471
472
7.03
Rigidity of employment
RANK
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
8
8
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
27
27
29
29
29
29
29
29
35
35
35
38
39
39
39
39
39
44
44
44
44
48
48
50
50
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
61
61
63
63
63
63
63
68
68
68
71
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
VALUE
RANK
Australia ........................................0.0
Brunei Darussalam........................0.0
Hong Kong SAR ............................0.0
Kuwait ...........................................0.0
Singapore ......................................0.0
Uganda..........................................0.0
United States ................................0.0
Canada ..........................................4.0
Jamaica .........................................4.0
Belize ............................................7.0
Denmark .......................................7.0
Georgia..........................................7.0
New Zealand.................................7.0
Nigeria...........................................7.0
Rwanda .........................................7.0
Switzerland ...................................7.0
Trinidad and Tobago......................7.0
United Arab Emirates....................7.0
Azerbaijan....................................10.0
Bahrain ........................................10.0
Colombia .....................................10.0
Haiti.............................................10.0
Ireland .........................................10.0
Malaysia ......................................10.0
Swaziland ....................................10.0
United Kingdom ..........................10.0
Czech Republic ...........................11.0
Thailand.......................................11.0
Botswana ....................................13.0
Montenegro ................................13.0
Namibia .......................................13.0
Oman ..........................................13.0
Qatar ...........................................13.0
Saudi Arabia ................................13.0
Lesotho .......................................14.0
Macedonia, FYR..........................14.0
Puerto Rico .................................14.0
Japan...........................................16.0
Belgium.......................................17.0
Israel ...........................................17.0
Kazakhstan ..................................17.0
Kenya ..........................................17.0
Mongolia .....................................17.0
Chile ............................................18.0
Kyrgyz Republic ..........................18.0
Mauritius .....................................18.0
Uruguay.......................................18.0
Bulgaria .......................................19.0
Guyana ........................................19.0
Sri Lanka .....................................20.0
Syria ............................................20.0
Argentina.....................................21.0
Armenia.......................................21.0
Burkina Faso ...............................21.0
Dominican Republic ....................21.0
Iceland.........................................21.0
Malawi ........................................21.0
Suriname.....................................21.0
Vietnam.......................................21.0
Zambia ........................................21.0
Hungary.......................................22.0
Slovak Republic...........................22.0
Austria.........................................24.0
Cyprus.........................................24.0
El Salvador ..................................24.0
Jordan .........................................24.0
Yemen.........................................24.0
Albania ........................................25.0
Lebanon ......................................25.0
Poland .........................................25.0
Egypt...........................................27.0
71
71
71
75
75
75
75
79
79
81
82
82
82
85
86
86
86
86
90
90
90
93
94
94
94
94
94
94
100
100
100
100
104
104
104
104
108
108
108
108
112
112
114
114
114
117
118
118
118
118
118
123
123
125
125
127
128
129
129
131
131
131
134
135
136
137
137
139
140
n/a
n/a
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
VALUE
Gambia, The................................27.0
Ghana..........................................27.0
Nicaragua ....................................27.0
Bangladesh .................................28.0
Burundi........................................28.0
Ethiopia .......................................28.0
Guatemala...................................28.0
Iran, Islamic Rep. ........................29.0
Philippines...................................29.0
India ............................................30.0
China ...........................................31.0
Mali .............................................31.0
Ukraine........................................31.0
Timor-Leste.................................32.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina .............33.0
Chad............................................33.0
Cte dIvoire ...............................33.0
Zimbabwe ...................................33.0
Serbia ..........................................35.0
South Africa ................................35.0
Turkey .........................................35.0
Cambodia ....................................36.0
Ecuador .......................................38.0
Italy .............................................38.0
Korea, Rep. .................................38.0
Lithuania......................................38.0
Russian Federation .....................38.0
Sweden.......................................38.0
Cameroon ...................................39.0
Costa Rica...................................39.0
Mauritania ...................................39.0
Peru.............................................39.0
Benin...........................................40.0
Indonesia.....................................40.0
Mozambique ...............................40.0
Tunisia.........................................40.0
Algeria .........................................41.0
Finland.........................................41.0
Mexico ........................................41.0
Moldova ......................................41.0
Germany .....................................42.0
Netherlands.................................42.0
Latvia...........................................43.0
Pakistan.......................................43.0
Portugal.......................................43.0
Norway........................................44.0
Brazil ...........................................46.0
Cape Verde .................................46.0
Nepal...........................................46.0
Romania ......................................46.0
Taiwan, China .............................46.0
Spain ...........................................49.0
Tajikistan .....................................49.0
Croatia.........................................50.0
Greece ........................................50.0
Estonia ........................................51.0
France .........................................52.0
Slovenia.......................................54.0
Tanzania ......................................54.0
Luxembourg................................56.0
Madagascar.................................56.0
Paraguay .....................................56.0
Honduras.....................................57.0
Senegal .......................................59.0
Morocco......................................60.0
Angola .........................................66.0
Panama .......................................66.0
Venezuela....................................69.0
Bolivia..........................................77.0
Barbados .......................................n/a
Malta .............................................n/a
SOURCE: World Bank/International Finance Corporation, Doing Business 2010: Reforming Through Difficult Times
How would you characterize the hiring and firing of workers in your country? [1 = impeded by regulations; 7 = flexibly determined by employers] | 201011
weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
VALUE
MEAN: 3.9
RANK
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
VALUE
MEAN: 3.9
7.04
473
474
7.05
Redundancy costs
RANK
1
1
1
1
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
15
16
16
16
19
20
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
28
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
40
40
42
42
42
42
46
46
46
46
50
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
59
59
61
62
62
62
65
65
65
65
69
70
71
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
VALUE
RANK
Denmark ..........................................0
New Zealand....................................0
Puerto Rico ......................................0
United States ...................................0
Austria..............................................2
Australia ...........................................4
Bahrain .............................................4
Brunei Darussalam...........................4
Georgia.............................................4
Japan................................................4
Jordan ..............................................4
Mauritius ..........................................4
Oman ...............................................4
Singapore .........................................4
Romania ...........................................8
Bulgaria ............................................9
Kazakhstan .......................................9
Mongolia ..........................................9
Hong Kong SAR .............................10
Italy ................................................11
Armenia..........................................13
Iceland............................................13
Norway...........................................13
Poland ............................................13
Switzerland ....................................13
Uganda...........................................13
Ukraine...........................................13
Belgium..........................................16
Algeria ............................................17
Haiti................................................17
Kyrgyz Republic .............................17
Latvia..............................................17
Lebanon .........................................17
Netherlands....................................17
Peru................................................17
Russian Federation ........................17
Timor-Leste....................................17
Tunisia............................................17
Yemen............................................17
Ireland ............................................18
Tanzania .........................................18
Azerbaijan.......................................22
Czech Republic ..............................22
Nicaragua .......................................22
United Kingdom .............................22
Belize .............................................24
Greece ...........................................24
Namibia ..........................................24
South Africa ...................................24
Serbia .............................................25
Burundi...........................................26
Finland............................................26
Gambia, The...................................26
Macedonia, FYR.............................26
Rwanda ..........................................26
Slovak Republic..............................26
Suriname........................................26
Sweden..........................................26
Canada ...........................................28
Montenegro ...................................28
Costa Rica......................................29
Lithuania.........................................30
Madagascar....................................30
Tajikistan ........................................30
Bosnia and Herzegovina ................31
Mali ................................................31
Mauritania ......................................31
Uruguay..........................................31
France ............................................32
Cameroon ......................................33
Burkina Faso ..................................34
72
72
74
74
76
76
78
79
79
81
82
82
84
85
85
87
88
89
89
91
92
93
93
93
93
97
98
99
100
101
102
102
104
105
106
106
108
108
110
111
112
112
114
115
115
115
118
118
118
118
118
123
124
124
124
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
135
137
138
139
139
n/a
n/a
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
VALUE
Estonia ...........................................35
Hungary..........................................35
Benin..............................................36
Chad...............................................36
Moldova .........................................37
Slovenia..........................................37
Senegal ..........................................38
Cambodia .......................................39
Croatia............................................39
Ethiopia ..........................................40
Lesotho ..........................................44
Panama ..........................................44
Brazil ..............................................46
Kenya .............................................47
Mexico ...........................................47
Cte dIvoire ..................................49
Nigeria............................................50
Chile ...............................................52
Luxembourg...................................52
Swaziland .......................................53
Thailand..........................................54
Albania ...........................................56
Guyana ...........................................56
India ...............................................56
Spain ..............................................56
Angola ............................................58
Colombia ........................................59
Jamaica ..........................................62
Cyprus............................................64
Trinidad and Tobago.......................67
Germany ........................................69
Qatar ..............................................69
Malaysia .........................................75
Kuwait ............................................78
Saudi Arabia ...................................80
Syria ...............................................80
Malawi ...........................................84
United Arab Emirates.....................84
Morocco.........................................85
El Salvador .....................................86
Iran, Islamic Rep. ...........................87
Vietnam..........................................87
Dominican Republic .......................88
Botswana .......................................90
Nepal..............................................90
Pakistan..........................................90
China ..............................................91
Israel ..............................................91
Korea, Rep. ....................................91
Philippines......................................91
Taiwan, China ................................91
Cape Verde ....................................93
Argentina........................................95
Honduras........................................95
Turkey ............................................95
Portugal..........................................97
Paraguay ........................................99
Guatemala....................................101
Bangladesh ..................................104
Indonesia......................................108
Egypt............................................132
Mozambique ................................134
Ecuador ........................................135
Ghana...........................................178
Zambia .........................................178
Sri Lanka ......................................217
Zimbabwe ....................................446
Bolivia............................. not possible
Venezuela....................... not possible
Barbados .......................................n/a
Malta .............................................n/a
SOURCE: World Bank/International Finance Corporation, Doing Business 2010: Reforming Through Difficult Times
To what extent is pay in your country related to productivity? [1 = not related to worker productivity; 7 = strongly related to worker productivity] | 201011
weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
VALUE
MEAN: 3.9
RANK
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
VALUE
MEAN: 3.9
7.06
475
476
7.07
In your country, who holds senior management positions? [1 = usually relatives or friends without regard to merit; 7 = mostly professional managers chosen
for merit and qualifications] | 201011 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
VALUE
MEAN: 4.3
Sweden..................................... 6.4
New Zealand............................. 6.3
Finland....................................... 6.2
Norway...................................... 6.2
Canada ...................................... 6.1
United Kingdom ........................ 6.0
Denmark ................................... 6.0
Netherlands............................... 6.0
Switzerland ............................... 6.0
Australia .................................... 6.0
Singapore .................................. 5.9
Ireland ....................................... 5.8
Germany ................................... 5.7
Belgium..................................... 5.6
Japan......................................... 5.5
Puerto Rico ............................... 5.5
United States ............................ 5.5
South Africa .............................. 5.5
Qatar ......................................... 5.5
Malaysia .................................... 5.5
Israel ......................................... 5.4
Iceland....................................... 5.3
Zimbabwe ................................. 5.3
Austria....................................... 5.2
Estonia ...................................... 5.2
Luxembourg.............................. 5.2
Chile .......................................... 5.2
Taiwan, China ........................... 5.2
France ....................................... 5.1
Bahrain ...................................... 5.1
Saudi Arabia .............................. 5.1
Sri Lanka ................................... 5.0
Barbados ................................... 5.0
Hong Kong SAR ........................ 5.0
United Arab Emirates................ 4.9
Botswana .................................. 4.9
Rwanda ..................................... 4.9
Oman ........................................ 4.9
Brazil ......................................... 4.8
Brunei Darussalam.................... 4.8
Korea, Rep. ............................... 4.8
Gambia, The.............................. 4.8
Czech Republic ......................... 4.7
Ghana........................................ 4.7
Spain ......................................... 4.7
China ......................................... 4.7
Malawi ...................................... 4.6
Peru........................................... 4.6
Costa Rica................................. 4.6
Philippines................................. 4.6
Guyana ...................................... 4.5
Namibia ..................................... 4.5
India .......................................... 4.5
Tunisia....................................... 4.5
Zambia ...................................... 4.5
Lithuania.................................... 4.5
Jamaica ..................................... 4.4
Trinidad and Tobago.................. 4.4
Slovak Republic......................... 4.4
Mauritius ................................... 4.4
Malta ......................................... 4.4
Thailand..................................... 4.3
Hungary..................................... 4.3
Argentina................................... 4.3
Poland ....................................... 4.3
Nigeria....................................... 4.3
Guatemala................................. 4.3
Cameroon ................................. 4.3
Albania ...................................... 4.3
Indonesia................................... 4.3
Kenya ........................................ 4.2
RANK
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
VALUE
MEAN: 4.3
Brain drain
Does your country retain and attract talented people? [1 = no, the best and brightest normally leave to pursue opportunities in other countries; 7 = yes,
there are many opportunities for talented people within the country] | 201011 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
VALUE
MEAN: 3.5
RANK
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
VALUE
MEAN: 3.5
7.08
477
478
7.09
Ratio of female participation in the labor force (%) to male participation in the labor force (%) | 2009
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
69
71
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
VALUE
RANK
Burundi........................................1.04
Rwanda .......................................1.03
Ghana..........................................0.99
Mozambique ...............................0.99
Tanzania ......................................0.97
Madagascar.................................0.96
Finland.........................................0.96
Malawi ........................................0.96
Sweden.......................................0.94
Norway........................................0.94
Moldova ......................................0.92
Lesotho .......................................0.92
Botswana ....................................0.92
Vietnam.......................................0.92
Denmark .....................................0.92
Ethiopia .......................................0.91
Azerbaijan....................................0.91
Russian Federation .....................0.91
Kazakhstan ..................................0.91
Lithuania......................................0.91
Canada ........................................0.90
Iceland.........................................0.90
Barbados .....................................0.90
Estonia ........................................0.89
Slovenia.......................................0.88
Uganda........................................0.88
Mongolia .....................................0.88
Latvia...........................................0.88
Israel ...........................................0.88
Kenya ..........................................0.88
Benin...........................................0.88
Switzerland .................................0.88
Burkina Faso ...............................0.88
China ...........................................0.88
Cambodia ....................................0.87
Portugal.......................................0.87
France .........................................0.87
Netherlands.................................0.87
Germany .....................................0.87
Ukraine........................................0.86
Angola .........................................0.86
Bulgaria .......................................0.85
New Zealand...............................0.85
United States ..............................0.85
Australia ......................................0.85
Austria.........................................0.84
United Kingdom ..........................0.84
Bosnia and Herzegovina .............0.84
Namibia .......................................0.84
Gambia, The................................0.84
Armenia.......................................0.84
Croatia.........................................0.83
Thailand.......................................0.83
Belgium.......................................0.83
Chad............................................0.82
Zimbabwe ...................................0.81
Cyprus.........................................0.81
Poland .........................................0.81
Nepal...........................................0.81
Luxembourg................................0.80
Slovak Republic...........................0.80
Peru.............................................0.80
Hungary.......................................0.80
Brunei Darussalam......................0.80
Romania ......................................0.79
Jamaica .......................................0.79
Ireland .........................................0.78
Czech Republic ...........................0.78
Montenegro1 ..............................0.78
Serbia1 ........................................0.78
Uruguay.......................................0.77
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
VALUE
Bolivia..........................................0.77
Hong Kong SAR ..........................0.77
Spain ...........................................0.77
Georgia........................................0.76
South Africa ................................0.76
Zambia ........................................0.76
Brazil ...........................................0.75
Taiwan, China2............................0.75
Tajikistan .....................................0.75
Mauritania ...................................0.74
Singapore ....................................0.74
Trinidad and Tobago....................0.73
Japan...........................................0.73
Swaziland ....................................0.73
Senegal .......................................0.73
Albania ........................................0.73
Bangladesh .................................0.73
Korea, Rep. .................................0.73
Kyrgyz Republic ..........................0.72
Argentina.....................................0.71
Greece ........................................0.70
Italy .............................................0.70
Timor-Leste1 ...............................0.70
Haiti.............................................0.69
Macedonia, FYR..........................0.69
Cape Verde .................................0.69
Paraguay .....................................0.67
Cameroon ...................................0.66
Venezuela....................................0.66
Dominican Republic ....................0.65
Puerto Rico .................................0.64
Philippines...................................0.63
Cte dIvoire ...............................0.62
Panama .......................................0.62
Nicaragua ....................................0.61
El Salvador ..................................0.61
Indonesia.....................................0.61
Ecuador .......................................0.61
Belize ..........................................0.60
Chile ............................................0.60
Suriname.....................................0.59
Costa Rica...................................0.58
Malaysia ......................................0.57
Mauritius .....................................0.57
Mali .............................................0.57
Guyana ........................................0.57
Guatemala...................................0.56
Kuwait .........................................0.55
Mexico ........................................0.55
Qatar ...........................................0.55
Colombia .....................................0.55
Nigeria.........................................0.53
Honduras.....................................0.51
Malta ...........................................0.50
Sri Lanka .....................................0.47
Algeria .........................................0.47
United Arab Emirates..................0.46
Iran, Islamic Rep. ........................0.44
India ............................................0.42
Bahrain ........................................0.39
Tunisia.........................................0.38
Turkey .........................................0.35
Morocco......................................0.34
Oman ..........................................0.34
Lebanon ......................................0.33
Jordan .........................................0.32
Egypt...........................................0.30
Yemen.........................................0.28
Saudi Arabia ................................0.27
Syria ............................................0.27
Pakistan.......................................0.26
SOURCE: International Labour Organization, Key Indicators of the Labor Markets Net (accessed 4 May 2011); national sources
1 2008
2 2011