NQF LEVEL 5: CONSTRUCTION MANAGER

LABOUR INTENSIVE CONSTRUCTION

ASSIGNMENT

BY CONRAD FOURIE

ID NO : 7610305085085

CELL: 0799077848

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By: Conrad Fourie ID: 7610305085085

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Question 16.1.1: .............................................................................................................3

Question 16.1.2: .............................................................................................................4
Question 16.1.3: .............................................................................................................5
Question 16.1.4: .............................................................................................................6
Question 16.1.5: .............................................................................................................7
Question 16.2.1: .............................................................................................................8
Question 16.2.2: .............................................................................................................8
Question 16.2.3: .............................................................................................................9
Question 16.2.4: .............................................................................................................9
Question 16.2.5: ...........................................................................................................10
Question 16.2.6: ...........................................................................................................12
Question 16.3.1: ...........................................................................................................12
Question 16.3.2: ...........................................................................................................12
Question 16.3.3: ...........................................................................................................13
Question 16.3.4: ...........................................................................................................13
Question 16.3.5: ...........................................................................................................14
Question 16.4.1: ...........................................................................................................15
Question 16.4.2: ...........................................................................................................16
Question 16.4.3: ...........................................................................................................17
Question 16.5.1: ...........................................................................................................18
Question 16.5.2: ...........................................................................................................18
Question 16.5.3: ...........................................................................................................19
Question 16.5.4: ...........................................................................................................20

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By: Conrad Fourie ID: 7610305085085

Question 16.1.1:
When you can economically and efficiently employ as much labour as technically
feasible during the construction phase of a project, and maintain the standard of work
that is desired by the client or as specified, then you are applying efficient labour
intensive construction. This method of construction will result in a higher expenditure
towards labour than the conventional construction contracts where a greater portion of
expenditure is towards plant and equipment.

The current approach to labour intensive construction must also optimize the labour
rather than maximize it, then the contract would also tend to be more cost effective
while the end product is still of adequate quality.

Conventional construction contracts are more plant orientated because there is a

believe that labour intensive construction is more expensive and lacks quality,
therefore to effective apply labour intensive construction principles the appointed
design team and the construction team must come up with innovative design ideas and
construction practices in order to accomplish the works to the required standard
within the specified budget and time constraints.

Typically during labour intensive construction contracts there may be a three to

seven-fold increase in employment than with conventional rural road construction
projects. The total expenditure on labour during the duration of contract which has
been run as labour intensive construction may compromise between 30% and 80% of
construction costs.

Labour intensive construction must also be sustainable to the point where local labour
and local materials are used in order to ensure that the money spend on the contract
stays within the community, and afterwards people has been trained new skills that
they can use where they stay or at other places where it is needed.

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By: Conrad Fourie ID: 7610305085085

Question 16.1.2:
Currently there is no contract documentation which has been specifically compiled to
accommodate labour intensive construction methods or contracts. The standard
contract documentation must be amended in order to allow for the changes in scope
from the standard contract documentation to labour intensive construction methods by
means of:
• Indication in the project summary.
• Conditions of tender must specify that the contract is labour intensive, and
penalties will be imposed if the contractor doesn’t adhere to these principles.
• All the agreement forms must cater for the changes in scope of works, and the
contractor must adhere to labour intensive principles.
• Amendments to the general conditions of contract must be made and indicated
within the amendments section, where different types infractions/trespassing
must be specified with their penalties.
• Amendments to the special conditions of contract must be made and indicated
within the special conditions of contract section where different types
infractions/trespassing must be specified with their penalties.
• The schedule of quantities must indicate which items are to be priced as labour
intensive construction methods. If these items are not done according to labour
intensive methods then there must be clause within the schedule of quantities
where the contractor can be penalized.
• The method specifications will indicate how it is expected from the contractor
to accomplish the task by means of labour intensive construction methods
according to the specified standards.

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By: Conrad Fourie ID: 7610305085085

Question 16.1.3:
1. Labour content, where the amount of female participation, youth participation
and handicapped participation is indicated in terms of a percentage of overall
labour content.
2. The amount of money spent on labour during the construction period or up to
date in relation to total amount certified for payment.
3. The current progress and revised date of completion must be indicated by
means of a bar chart, where the contractor can do proper planning from.
4. The amount of funds spent on local suppliers used in order to promote local
business growth.
5. The amount of people trained on the project and the estimated future
requirements of training.
6. Staff and personnel lists indicating the staff personal info, days worked and
payment received for Dept record keeping.
7. The amount of labourers employed at each of the various site operations.
8. All records of health and safety related issues, like injuries, fatalities and
equipment issues.

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By: Conrad Fourie ID: 7610305085085

Question 16.1.4:
Community participation involves is done through elected officials, the community
leason officer and the project steering committee. The contractor, engineer and project
sponsor must all work through the steering committee in order to ensure that the
correct line of communication is followed and that the community is involved in all
related decisions. The community must also inform all relevant parties of their
concerns and problems to the sponsor, contractor and consultant or engineer via the
correct line of communication which is the project steering committee and the CLO.

Community participation involves elected or nominated people from the community

which will be directly affected by the outcome and the construction of the project.
They represent a practical side to the democracy of the project because it is
impractical for everyone of the community to have their say during meetings and
discussions.

The community participation should commence as soon as the project concept and the
community should continue to be involved at all times with the making of project
decisions. Workshops at community level should be held in order to ensure that the
community is aware of all of the aspects of labour intensive construction and that they
agree to the methods prior to construction. These workshops should include items as
task based payment and task-based work, and they should be held regularly.

Community objectives should have been assessed during the pre-planning by the
project sponsors and must be taken into account by the contractor.

The project steering committee and the CLO must also assist in setting up dispute
resolution systems. This must be done in order to prevent the contractor from
primarily only solving labour disputes, and this system must also allow for
mechanisms for resolving the disagreements between the community and the project
organizations.

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By: Conrad Fourie ID: 7610305085085

Question 16.1.5:

• Pollution of the surrounding environment by means of air pollution, noise

pollution, dust pollution etc.
• Unnecessary destruction of the environment because people are less
destructive on nature than mechanical equipment.
• People are living in poverty and under the bread line because even though
there may be construction activities in the area, none of it creates jobs that
would empower the people to buy food and essentials.
• Because people are poor and cannot afford any food or essentials they may be
forced to start supporting themselves by doing crime as means of survival.
• People cannot not receive any training or work experience if their work is
done by machines and this effect the long term sustainability of job creation by
not empowering the people with much needed skills.
• The sponsor will save money by not having to remediate and finish off the
construction site, because people tend to leave a smaller footprint, and while
they are busy working they are also busy finishing-off the affected area.
• Labour intensive methods also promotes the usage of suppliers and specialist
within the area, and therefore also have a direct influence on the local
community by using their skills and spending money there.

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By: Conrad Fourie ID: 7610305085085

Question 16.2.1:
• Clearing
• Excavation
• Loading excavated materials
• Hauling of excavated materials
• Loading and haulage of imported materials for soil cement
• Mixing of soil cement
• Backfilling
• Finishing off.

Question 16.2.2:
Special tools are usually obtained for usage on site by method of specialist suppliers
or made by the contractor. These tools should be timeously in order to prevent any
delays in the construction program. The contractor should calculate the amount of
daywork that needs to be done and ensure that there are enough tools for all the
workers.

Certain tools like moulds can be made on site which will be used to create the
concrete elements as required on the project. Special care should be give when
concrete moulds are being made to prevent these objects from being too heavy to be
handled by hand. They should weight a maximum of 50kg if they will be handled by
hand.

Special slings, ropes and clamps will also be needed if the objects will be lifted or
lowered into position. Pipes, steel manhole covers and heavy pre-cast concrete covers
are among the different types of objects which may have to be placed.

Special leveling beams and shutters will be required for the construction of road
layers like macadam base course which is suitable to be hand mounted. Generally
level control is obtained with specially designed beams or straight edges which are
rail mounted or shutter mounted. Loose stones are placed in front of the beam to the
level of the underside of the beam in strips of 0.5 to 0.75m wide. The beams are then
rolled forward and the process is repeated. These beams and shutters must be
manufactured timeously in order to allow for sufficient training and practiced by the
construction workers, before they will start with the actual construction.

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By: Conrad Fourie ID: 7610305085085

Question 16.2.3:
• Workers disputing the amount of daywork completed can be prevented by
setting up task teams and recording the measured work at the end of every day.
These task teams should stay together in groups and they should be kept to
their performing task until all the similar task related work is finished. This
will prevent confusion and make measurement easier.
• Workers are unhappy because they haven’t received their payment on time or
not soon enough can be prevented by paying them at most every 2nd week, and
the contractor must ensure that al of their banking details have been sorted out.
Workers can also get paid by means of prepaid banking card in order to speed
the banking transactions up.
• Workers are unhappy because other workers earn more money than they do,
even though they are appointed on the same level and daywork rates, can be
prevented by only allowing workers to complete one task per day. If they work
quicker and finish earlier, then they should be sent home to rest. That way all
the workers will get the same salary at the end of the week.
• Workers unhappy that their wages are not as per minimum wage requirements,
can be prevented by giving workers proper induction training and explaining
to them that this is a EPWP project and all workers will get the same payment
per daywork completed as agreed by the project steering committee and the
community leason officer.
• Workers are unhappy because they end up working more than 8 hours per day
in order to complete their tasks, can be prevented by properly researching the
amount of daywork that is possible under the circumstances, and then
determine the amount of daywork that is required per task. If this is the case
and the workers are still working more than 8 hrs per day then different
production rates should be determined for the task.

Question 16.2.4:
a Task is the average amount of work an average person can do in an average day.
Therefore the workers are required to complete on task per day for the payment of one
tasks value. A task can be any amount of different activities completed by a task team,
but the total amount of work done by the team must still come to 1 task per person in
order to make the team balancing efficient.
Records of all of the tasks completed during one pay cycle must be kept on all of the
teams in order to ensure they will get paid timeously and the correct amount.
Some projects set weekly tasks, while other sets daily tasks. It depends on the type of
project and the tasks required for completion. Mainly the principle of “no work no
pay” and “a fair days work for a fair days pay” applies.

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By: Conrad Fourie ID: 7610305085085

Question 16.2.5:
The best way to plan the excavation depth starts with the setting out of the excavation.
The excavation sizes can be smaller and more accurate because when it is done by
hand there is not as much over excavation as with machines. Do note that the setting
out slopes and positions must be done in closer intervals depending on the accuracy
that’s required. The setting levels and slopes must be done in such a way that the
team leader can check the levels on regular basis while his team is busy with the
excavation.

Road construction:
Profile poles with string lines and dipsticks are most convenient for road construction.
Levels can be checked at 10m intervals, but this is not accurate enough for base
course level control during labour intensive construction (at some instances 5m
intervals prove to be sufficient). Profile poles with dipsticks have been found most
convenient as the string lines can be strung diagonally between the poles as well as
the cross-section at the poles. See picture below:

Trench and Side drain work:

By constructing portable templates, leveled by means of small spirit levels accurate
information to teams excavating drains, as they show widths and slopes see sketch
below:

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By: Conrad Fourie ID: 7610305085085

Pipes and Culverts:

The easiest method to control the invert levels of storm water pipes and culvert is the
set-up frames every 5 m. By using a plumb bob the excavation depths and invert
levels as can be checked while ensuring the horizontal alignment is also to
specifications. Do note that pre-cast pipes and culverts are not suitable for labour
intensive construction due to the weight of the elements and other possibilities of
construction methods that can replace these items. See sketch below:

Boning rods:
Boning rods are one of the best methods to transfer slopes and levels between two
points. By setting up to guide boning rods at determined levels and positions, another
intermediate boning rod with a certain leg length can be used to determine the
required excavation depth. One person must hold the intermediate boning rod, while
another guide him by comparing the intermediate level with the end and start levels.
What makes this method ideal is the fact that the intermediate boning rod can be
moved anywhere therefore allowing for more than one team to excavate within the
same area.

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By: Conrad Fourie ID: 7610305085085

Question 16.2.6:
Records of production are needed:
• To calculate production for every activity so that adequate programming can
be done during the project construction phase.
• To enable tweaking of resources or methods in order to improve the
productivity on a daily basis.
• Productivity records will be used to determine future task costing and measure
current productivity.
• Costing of activities can be plotted against tender estimates in order to
calculate profitability.
• Productivity costing will be used for future tendered rates or can form the
basis of future tender rates.

Question 16.3.1:
Excavation Volume: 13x3x0.192m = 7.488m3 (use 7.5m3)
Man production: 1.5m3/m.day = 7.5m3/1.5m3 = 5 people for 1 day

Concrete Volume: 13x3x0.1m = 3.9m3 (Use 4m3)

Man Production: 0.8m3/m.day = 4m3/0.8m3 = 5 people for 1 day

A total of 10 people required, but team consists of 5 people.

Therefore only 10/5 = 2 teams required for a team of 5 people over 1 day or 1 team of
5 people required for 2 days.

Question 16.3.2:
The induction course for new workers should consist of:
• Health and safety discussion and all safety related equipment and clothing
must be issued to worker. Records should be kept in order to determine
equipment issues.
• A discussion on labour laws and the implementation thereof, a copy of the
labour laws applicable to EPWP must be given to worker for later re-reading.
The conditions of employment should be clearly indicated to the new worker.
• The agreed upon payment method, payment frequency and payment amount
for a task should be discussed.
• A discussion on the implementation of task work and labour intensive
construction. They must know the principles of “no work no pay”.
• The worker must be introduced to his team leader and fellow team members.
• Safety training must be done and it should include hazard identification on
site. Care of the safety equipment should also be explained to the new
workers, so that their equipment will last as long as required.

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By: Conrad Fourie ID: 7610305085085

Question 16.3.3:
Quantity Task amount Team
No Item description per day per Members per
3
(m ) person/day Task
1 loosening rocks 2 0.5 4
2 collecting and stockpiling 2 2 1
3 crushing by hand 2 0.25 8
Total amount of team members for balanced team 13

Question 16.3.4:
Conventional construction of 45m3 per m.day:
• Pedestrian roller.

Labour intensive construction of 4.5m3 per m.day:

• Watering.
• Mixing.
• Spreading and leveling.

Thus total number of workers required = 45/4.5 = 10 people for LIC

And worker required for Roller = 1 person

Thus a balanced team consists of 11 people.

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By: Conrad Fourie ID: 7610305085085

Question 16.3.5:
Local Materials and equipment are preferred for LIC because:
• Communities where LIC methods are implemented through the EPWP
program are the poorest of the poor and the project doesn’t only have to
benefit the Client, but the community as well.
• By using local materials the suppliers within the community will have the
chance to benefit from the project as well. This will lead to long term
sustainability and the increased creation of sustainable jobs.
• Local materials can either be obtained from quarries, rivers and pit sand within
the area. Normally the materials will have to be bought from the land owners
and loaded by hand, thus creating more jobs via local suppliers.
• Imported materials are most often not cost effective because it has to be hauled
over long distances, and it has been proven that in some cases that it is cheaper
to crush and load materials by using labour intensive construction methods.
• Where specifications exclude local products, assistance can be given to
suppliers in order to improve their quality to requisite levels.
• Training can also be given to local workmen or artisans to be setup as
suppliers or subcontractors. These workers and subcontractors will also have
sustainable businesses which will be used during future contracts and by the
local community.
• Materials for the project should be chosen on the basis of the labour that will
be required to handle and place them. For example toxic materials must be
avoided for labour construction methods.

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By: Conrad Fourie ID: 7610305085085

Question 16.4.1:
We need to know what the available skills within the community are and what level of
proficiency they have, and this is done by means of skills audit because:
• Skilled labourers will be required during the labour intensive construction
contract, and unskilled labourers will also be required. It is unnecessary to get
workers from other communities when the proper skills can be created within
the community around the contract.
• By knowing the amount of skilled and unskilled labourers in the contract area
proactive training can be provided in order to have the labourers ready when
their skills are required on site.
• By teaching people new skills you are empowering them with knowledge and
with knowledge they will be able to have sustainable jobs and start new
smaller companies.
• By including safety training in the audit one will notice how much funds are
required for safety and how much funds will go towards certain skills training.
However safety training must be included in all training courses provided.
Properly trained workers are less accident prone, because they will know how
their tasks must be completed without injuring themselves, and they will do
their tasks according to project specifications.
• Suppliers within the area should also be included in some of the training
courses, especially if they will be used during the construction project and
their products/materials is not to project specifications. This will also result in
better job creation and make their businesses sustainable for future contracts
and usage by the local community.

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By: Conrad Fourie ID: 7610305085085

Question 16.4.2:
LIC supervisors need training with regards to:
• conflict management because they will be working with more people than on
conventional contracts, which needs to be handled correctly in order to prevent
unnecessary conflicts.
• special skills training in their field of experience according to LIC methods to
ensure that they will be able to do adequate supervision and quality control.
They should be able to do the setting out of the works, and do the inspections
for workmanship quality.
• project management skills are very important because LIC supervisors should
be capable doing the overall programming of the site within realistic limits.
They should be able to notice problems with the program in advance in order
to take corrective measures.
• the record keeping systems in order to ensure that workers get paid the correct
amount for the number of tasks they have completed. They should be able to
use the correct measuring system for the different measured tasks in order to
prevent over worked and underpaid workers or the latter.
• administrative systems and recordkeeping of the all records of productivity,
personnel, training, safety equipment and tools and plant. They should be able
to compile reports after interpreting the records as required by the Client.

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By: Conrad Fourie ID: 7610305085085

Question 16.4.3:
‘Learnerships” can help supervisors advance their qualifications by means of the
following:

• Learnerships assist permanent staff with their future development, as they are
the most important resource of a company.
• A learnership is a work based route for learning and gaining a qualification
within the national qualifications framework.
• After completion of their learnership they will have increased their
employment capabilities and employability.
• They are assisted in their Career-pathing and Self-development into a certain
direction.
• They earn a salary while they are learning, thus they can support their family
and provide for their basic needs.
• They will have a formal qualification after completion of their learnership and
it will help them to earn a market related salary.
• They serve as an entrance into the industry for unemployed learners, even
though they have previous experience and by giving recognition to prior skills
acquired it will be easier for them to progress forward.
• Employees will require less supervision due to skills acquisition and also save
on expenses. This will create an environment where more and more skilled
personnel are preferred even though they cost more in salaries, because they
will improve productivity and quality of the end product required by the client.
• Supervisors who completed their learnerships will be more competitive in the
global market, and it will address the current skills shortage in South Africa.

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By: Conrad Fourie ID: 7610305085085

Question 16.5.1:
Production:
• Number of teams and the staff members on each team.
• Cost of each team, the materials and plant.
• The tendered rate for each cubic/m produced.
• The amount of concrete to be produced by teams
• The current production rate of concrete
• The amount of concrete still to be produced for completion.
• The current consumption of materials used for production.

Materials:
• Suppliers for all types of materials.
• Cost of materials from different suppliers.
• Quantity of materials in stock.
• Quantity of materials on order.

Quality:
• The test dates of all test cubes and test results.
• The concrete mix design
• The areas where test results were obtained.
• Non compliance records must be kept for future references.

Question 16.5.2:
• They want to be treated fairly and professionally.
• They want to have their salary paid to them on time.
• Their salaries must be the correct amount.
• They must be give time of to buy items as required.
• Their day work tasks must be reasonable.
• They must be allowed time for lunch and resting.
• Their value system must be respected.
• Reasonable targets must be set.
• People must be kept informed of decisions which concern them.
• They must be able to provide ownership of the completed work.
• They must be assisted to develop.

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Question 16.5.3:
• Progress reports.
• Supervisor’s returns.
• Updated and tracked bar charts.
• Cost reports.
• Number of labourers employed on various operations.
• The gender ratio, Age ratio and the disability ratio.
• Details of skills training.
• Personnel lists indicating the local labourers content, skilled labourers and
days worked.
• People who have been appointed in management, supervisory and various
other positions like administration on the project.

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Question 16.5.4:
Tender Advertisement:

Add the following: This is an EPWP project and the employers objectives are to
deliver public infrastructure using labour intensive construction methods.

And

Point will be awarded according to EPWP point system where preference will be
given to labour based method being implemented and local suppliers.

General Conditions of Contract: Selective Amendments:

• Add / Amend the following:
o Inform the contractor that due to the nature of this contract, special
conditions of contract will be required.
o The insurance of the works will be taken out directly by the
Employer/Client.
o The Contractor may not be required to establish surety.
o Materials may be supplied or on behalf of the contractor by the
Client/Employer.
o No contract price adjustment is applicable.

Special conditions of contract: In order to cater for GCC:

• Add / Amend the following:
o GCC Clause 1 and 2: Project manager must be introduced to this
project. The Engineer retains the power of delegations for the duration
of this contract.
o GCC Clause 24: Training should be provided to the subcontractors
labourer force.
o GCC Clause 47: Standard methods of measurement and payment are
revised to suit the task system.
o GCC Clause 52: Payment to labourers would take place on a
fortnightly basis. The Engineer must approve all documentation before
payment continues.

Description of the project:

• Portion 1: Conventional construction methods

o Add the following:

The Employer’s objectives are to deliver public infrastructure
using labour-intensive methods. Labour-intensive works
comprise the activities described in the labour-intensive
specification. Such works shall be constructed using local
workers who are temporarily employed in terms of this scope
of work.

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• Portion 2: Labour intensive construction methods:

o Add the following:

PS 2.1 General The portions of the Works as are listed in
sub clause PS 2.2 below shall, unless otherwise instructed by
the Engineer, be constructed in terms of this Contract utilising
labour-intensive construction methods only, in accordance with
the further provisions of Part B.

PS 2.2 Portions of the Works to be constructed by labour-

intensive construction methods: The following portions of the
Works shall be executed utilising labour-intensive construction
methods:
• All clearing and grubbing on the site;
• All excavations in hand excavate able material
including excavation all mass earth works;
• The loading, transporting and placing all materials
including haul of 50m.
• The spreading and all processing of material for
constructing layers and sidewalks;
• The mixing, transporting, placing and finishing of all
concrete;
• Application of prime and tack coats
• Application of the Cape Seal (chip and spray and slurry)

PS 2.3 Allowable mechanical plant and equipment: In

accordance with the provisions of Part B, the Contractor may
utilise suitable and appropriate mechanical plant and equipment
in the following particular operations comprised in such works:
• Mechanical vibration of concrete;
• Ripping the in-situ roadbed;
• The haulage of materials with haulage distance greater
than 50m
• Hand compaction with a Bomag 760 rollers for all
pavement layers and side walks;
• Intermediate excavation by excavator, loader or dozer.
• Excavation of hard material by means of blasting.

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SABS 1200:
• AA and AD: General
o Add / Amend the following:

PSA 2.1
• Task: A quantified activity or operation.
• Daily rate regardless: The remuneration of a days work
of output, and only applicable when unable to define
tasks.
• Task rate: The remuneration for a completed task.

PSA 2.2 Plant - Except for the types of plant and the
extent permitted in terms of the project specification or
approved by the engineer, the contractor shall use only hand
tools and equipment in the construction of the works or
portions of the works

• C: Site Clearance
o Add / Amend the following:

The size of boiulders and girth of trees that are included in
general clearing an dgrubbing should be amended and the
incremental steps in size trees grouped together for
measurement and payment purposes should be amended.

• D and DA: Earthworks

o Add / Amend the following:

Free haul distances.

Overhaul is in written to accommodate wheelbarrows and
skips.

Allowable plant: Bomag 170
Excavator or Dozer with a loader for
intermediate excavations.

• DB: Earthworks (Trench excavation)

o Add / Amend the following:

All excavations shall be done by hand except for hard
excavations and trench depths exceeding 2m.

• DM: Roadworks (Roads and Subgrade)

o Add / Amend the following:

All layerworks except insitu materials e.g. roadbed shall be
leveled and compated by means of approved LIC methods. See
PS2.3

• G, GA and GB: Concrete

o Add / Amend the following:

All concrete mixing shall be done by hand using shovels on an
approved mixing surface. Measuring should be done by using
5litre steel buckets. Contractor should provide for the cost of
these tools in his rates. Test cubes should be taken for quality
control.

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Materials:

o Add / Amend the following:

Natural gravel: Materials for the construction of layer works
shall be obtained from designated borrow sources. Borrow
materials will have to be cleared, grubbed and loaded by hand.

Concrete aggregate: This material shall be obtained from
commercial sources.

Sand for concrete: Sand for concrete shall be obtained from
sources within the community. No separate payment will be
made to the Contractor in this regard.

Water for construction purposes: Water for construction
purposes is obtainable from the community. The Contractor
shall make his own arrangements in this regard. No separate
payment shall be made for this and all costs related thereto shall
be deemed to be included in the tendered rates.

Labour:

o Add / Amend the following:

Labour recruitment should consist of the following
• Woman: 60%
• Youth: 20%
• Disabled: 2%

If the contractor doesn’t meet the required labour content then
he will be penalized according the applicable clause.

Measurement and Payment:

• Add / Amend Pay Item Specifications with the following:

o Item no: 8.2.1(L): Clear and Grub: Contractor shall be paid
2
for per m of area cleared and grubbed by LIC methods. No plant shall
be used except when for cutting trees with girth larger that 1m and
boulder weighing more than 50kg. Unit: m2
o Item no: 8.3.4(L): Excavation all material: Contractor shall be
3
paid per m of material excavated by LIC methods. No plant shall be
used except for hard material and boulders weighing more than 50kg.
Unit: m3
o Item no: 8.4.2(L): Imported material including overhaul up 50m:
Contractor shall be paid per m3 of material excavated by LIC methods.
No plant shall be used except for hard material and boulders weighing
more than 50kg. Unit: m3
o Item no: 11.1.3(L): G5 to 95% MOD AASHTO. Contractor shall allow
for the spreading and compacting of G5 material for Sub base layer
including compacting to 95% MOD AASHTO. Unit: m3
o Item no: 11.1.3(L): 20MPa Concrete. Rates shall include the materials,
mixing thereof, transporting, placing and finishing of all concrete
including free haul up to 50m; Unit: m3

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By: Conrad Fourie ID: 7610305085085

Schedule of Quantities:

• Add / Amend Pre-Amble with the following:

o LABOUR INTENSIVE CONSTRUCTION:
o Separate items will be listed in the Schedule of Quantities for works
which are required to be executed utilizing labour intensive
construction methods and for works to which such requirements does
not apply.
o Items which apply in respect of Works which in terms of part A are
required to be executed utilising labour intensive construction methods,
are identified in the Schedule of Quantities by way of the upper case
letter “L” shall, unless the context implies otherwise, be deemed to
apply in respect of works not required to be executed by labour
intensive methods.
o Where any item in the SABS Standard Specifications of in Part B
refers to the measurement and payment of excavations in terms of
increments in the depth of the excavation, the depth increment for
excavations required in terms of Part A to be executed by labour
intensive methods shall betaken as 0,5 metre.
o The measurement and payment clauses asset out in the SABS Standard
Specifications and in Part B shall, unless specifically stated to the
contrary, apply generally whether or not the works to which they relate
are required to be executed utilizing labour intensive construction
methods, provided always that where the work is required to be
executed by labour intensive construction methods, each particular
clause shall be interpreted and construed mutatis mutandis in
accordance with the provisions of this clause B1230.

Schedule of Quantities:

o Add / Amend Pay Items with the following:

o Item no: 8.2.1(L): Clear and Grub: Unit: m2
o Item no: 8.3.4(L): Excavation all material: Unit: m3
o Item no: 8.4.2(L): Imported material : Unit: m3
o Item no: 11.1.3(L): G5 to 95% MOD AASHTO: Unit: m3
o Item no: 11.1.3(L): 20MPa Concrete: Unit: m3

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