Iron ore fines are not appropriate to be used with in the blast

furnace. So the iron ore are agglomerated into the large porus
lumps, this is appropriate to be used is blast furnace. A mixture
of proportioned iron ores fines, coke breeze and fluxes is
prepared in the form of granular which is green in colour. After
this with the help of combustion heat is generated which create
large and hot lumps of sinter. This sinter is kept to cool down
and stored to use it in blast furnace. The iron ore fines are
recycled to
. This Sinter is cooled, sized and stored for use in the blast
furnace.Ironore fines are recycled to make sinter, to help produce hot
metal of predictable and standard qualityin the Blast
Furnace. N a t ur a l l y f o u n d c o a l c o n t a i n s F i x e d c a r b o n( F C ) , V
o l a t i l e m a t t e r ( V M ) , A s h , M o i s t u r e a n d o t h e r impurities. Its
poor crushing strength and the volatile matter content makes it unsuitable
for use in BlastFurnace. Hence, naturally found coal is converted into
coke in the coke oven for use in Blast Furnaces.Heating coal in the
absence of air carbonising it to form a hard porous mass, devoid of
volatile matter produces coke. Coal after carbonisation, which gives blast
furnace quality coke is called metallurgicalcoal. Coal is graded as
prime, medium and blendable, based on its coking properties.
Blending of different grades of coal is necessary in order to conserve
metallurgical coal, yet ensure uniform coking properties. Currently, there
are 6 batteries of coke oven supplying coke to the blast furnaces.The coke
plant blends coal from different sources, converts coal to coke and cuts to
the correct size for use in the blast furnace.The Blast Furnace is a ceramic
refactory lined tall reactor, used for the production of liquid iron
calledHot Metal. Iron oxide, present in the iron bearing raw materials, is
reduced inside the reactor by cokeand carbon
monoxide.C o k e i s u s e d f o r c o m b u s t i o n t o a t t a i n t h e h i g
h t e m p e r a t u r e s r e q u i r e d f o r r e d u c t i o n . C o k e o n combust
ion generates carbon monoxide , which acts as the reducing agent and
converts the iron oxidesinto molten iron. Fluxes are used to make low
melting slag and control the quality of Hot Metal.Hot Metal and Slag
are collected in the hearth and tapped periodically. Blast
Furnaces A, B, C, D, Eand F together produce 2.8 million tons of hot
metal, annually. G-Blast Furnace produces 1.30 milliontons of hot metal
annually. Blast Furnace F has been rebuilt in 2002 to enlarge its capacity
to 1 milliontonnes.

Blast Furnaces are used for producing Hot Metal.Hot Liquid

Iron(commonly called Hot Metal in Tata Steel) is converted to
Steel in the Steel MeltingShops. Hot Metal from the Blast Furnace is
stored in Mixers in LD#1 shop. The Hot Metal is convertedto Steel in the
LD converters by removing its carbon, silicon, sulphur and phosphorous
contents.The liquid steel from the converter is converted to billets using
Continuous Casting machine. A small portion of steel is teemed into
ingots through Bogie Bottom Poring process using cast iron moulds.
Theliquid steel is treated in On line purging, Ladle Refining
Furnace or Argon Rinsing station beforecontinuous casting. Special
grades of steel, which are cast as ingots, are processed in On-line
purging,followed by the Vacuum Arc degassing & Refining unit.T h e
S t e e l M e l t i n g S h o p r e q u i r e s a n O xy g e n P l a n t t o c a t e r t o
t h e r e q u i r e me n t o f o x y g e n f o r
steelm a k i n g . T h e L i m e C a l c i n i n g P l a n t a n d t h e Tar D
o l o P l a n t a r e a u x i l i a r y u n i t s r e q u i r e d f o r t h e manufactur
e of Steel.Hot metal is converted to Steel and cast into Billets.The LD#2
Shop has three Converters of 140 tons capacity each, producing
2.6 million tons of crudesteel per annum. Hot Metal is brought
from A, D, E, F and G Blast Furnaces in Torpedo ladles.
Themetal from the Torpedo ladle is taken into the Hot Metal for
Desulphurisation. It is then charged intothe vessel.

Primary refining of steel is done in the Ladle Furnace(LF) and RH

Degasser(RH) to make cleaner steelof different value added grades.L D 2
m a k e s s u p e r i o r & c l e a n e r gr a d e s o f s t e e l r e q u i r e d t o
p r o c e s s F l a t p r o d u c t s o f w o r l d - c l a s s standards.