CLINICAL MNEMONICS

Meckel�s diverticulum- rule of 2�s

2 inches long,

2 feet from the ileocecal valve,

2% of the population

commonlly presents in the first 2 years of life

may contain 2 types of epithelial tissue

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Pheochromocytoma-rule of 10s:

10% malignant

10% Bilateral

10% extraadrenal

10% calcified

10% children

10% familial

* discussed 10 times more often than actually seen

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Aphasia

"BROKen aphasia" (Broca�s aphasia-broken speech)

"Wordys aphasia" (Wernicke�s aphasia- wordy, but making no sense)

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GET SMASH'D--Causes of Acute pancreatitis

Gallstones, Ethanol, Trauma, Steroids, Mumps, Autoimmune(PAN), Scorpion bites,

Hyperlipidemia, Drugs(azathioprine, diuretics)

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(Multiple endocrine neoplasia) Each of the MENs is a

disease of three or two letters plus a feature.

"MEN I" is a disease of the 3 Ps (pituitary, parathyroid and pancreas)

plus adrenal cortex.

"MEN II " is a disease of the two Cs (carcinoma of the thyroid and

catacholamines [pheochromocytoma]) plus parathyroid for MEN IIa or

mucocutaneous neuromas for MEN IIb (aka MEN III).

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Acute pneumonia caused by Pyogenic bacteria--PMN infiltrate

Acute pneumonia caused by Miscellaneous microbes --Mononuclear infiltrate

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Takayasu's diz = pulseless diz, therefore when you have

Takayasu's, I can't Tak'a yu pulse.

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Argyll-Robertson Pupil--syphilitic pupil (AKA "Prostitute's pupil" - Accommodates, but

doesn't react )

Accommodation reflex present, Pupillary reflex absent

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CAGE--alcohol use screening

1. Have you ever felt it necessary to CUT DOWN on your drinking?

2. Has anyone ever told you they were ANNOYED by your drinking?

3. Have you ever felt GUILTY about your drinking?

4. Have you ever felt the need to have a drink in the morning for an EYE OPENER?
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P-Q-R-S-T--eliciting and HPI and exploring symptoms

P--palliative or provocative factors for the pain

Q--quality of pain(burning, stabbing, aching, etc.)

R--region of body affected

S--severity of pain(usually 1-10 scale)

T--timing of pain(eg.-after meals, in the morning, etc.)

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The five W's--post-operative fever

Wind--pneumonia, atelectasis

Water--urinary tract infection

Wound--wound infections

Wonderdrugs--especially anesthesia

Walking--walking can help reduce deep vein thromboses and pulmonary embolus

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ACID or "Anna Cycled Immediately Downhill"

classification of hypersensitivity reactions

Type I - Anaphylaxis

Type II - Cytotoxic-mediated

Type III - Immune-complex

Type IV - Delayed hypersensitivity

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WBC Count:

"Never Let Momma Eat Beans(60, 30, 6, 3, 1)

Neutrophils 60%
Lymphocytes 30%
Monocytes 6%
Eosinophils 3%
Basophils 1%

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A-P-G-A-R:

A - appearance (color)

P - pulse (heart rate)

G - grimmace (reflex, irritability)

A - activity (muscle tone)

R - respiratory effort

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Predisposing Conditions for Pulmonary Embolism: TOM SCHREPFER
T--trauma

O--obesity

M--malignancy

S--surgery

C--cardiac disease

H--hospitalization

R--rest (bed-bound)

E--estrogen, pregnancy, post-partum

P--past hx

F--fracture

E--elderly

R--road trip
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The 4 P's of arterial Occlusion: pain pallor pulselessness paresthesias

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The 4 T's of Anterior Mediastinal Mass:Thyroid tumor,Thymoma,Teratoma, Terrible

Lymphoma

Treatment of Malignant Hyperthermia

Some Hot Dude Better Give Iced Fluids Fast!!!

S: Stop all triggering agents, give 100% O2

H: Hyperventilate

D: Dantrolene 2.5mg/kg

B: Bicarbonate

G: Glucose and Insulin

I: IV Fluids, Cooling Blanket

F: Fluid Output; Furosemide

F: Tachycardia, be prepared to treat V Tach

Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve:

Think of exercising muscle for a rightward shift: Exercising
muscle is Hot, Acidic (Lactic Acid), Hypercarbic, Benefits from
oxygen unloading and has an increased 2,3 DPG. Also think Bohr
effect with a rightward shift(_CO2 = _O2). Realize that the
Haldane effect means (O2 =CO2 carried by Hgb).

Back Pain: DISK MASS

D == Degeneration: DJD, Osteoporosis, spondylosis

I == Infection: UTI, PID, Potts, osteomyelitis, prostatitis, Injury/fractur

e, compression fracture.

S == Spondylitis, ankylosing
Spondyloarthropathies (rheum. arthritis, Reiters, SLE)

K == Kidney stones/infarction/infection (pyelo/abscess)

M == Multiple myeloma
Metastasis from breast, prostate, lung, thyroid,
kidney CA

A == Aneurysm Abdominal pain referred to the back (see acute abdominal pain)

S == Slipped disk, spondylolisthesis

S == Strain, scoliosis/lordosis
Skin: herpes zoster.

CAUSES OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS:

"GET SMASH'D"
Gallstones, Ethanol, Trauma, Steroids, Mumps, Autoimmune(PAN), Scorpion bites,
Hyperlipidemia, Drugs(azathioprine, diuretics)

A-P-G-A-R:
A - appearance (color)
P - pulse (heart rate)
G - grimmace (reflex, irritability)
A - activity (muscle tone)
R - respiratory effort

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia: Each of the MENs is a disease of three or two letters plus a
feature.
MEN I is a disease of 3 P's (pituitary, parathyroid, and pancreas) plus adrenal cortex
MEN II is a disease of 2 C's(carcinoma of thyroid and catacholamines
[pheochromocytoma]) plus parathyroid for MEN IIa or mucocutaneous neuromas for MEN
IIB(aka MEN III)

Acute pneumonia caused by Pyogenic bacteria--PMN infiltrate

Acute pneumonia caused by Miscellaneous microbes--Mononuclear infiltrate

Takayasu's diz = pulseless diz, therefore when you have Takayasu's, I can't Tak'a yu
pulse.

CAGE--alcohol use screening

Have you ever felt it necessary to CUT DOWN on your drinking?
Has anyone ever told you they were ANNOYED by your drinking?
Have you ever felt GUILTY about your drinking?
Have you ever felt the need to have a drink in the morning for an EYE OPENER?

P-Q-R-S-T--eliciting and HPI and exploring symptoms

P--palliative or provocative factors for the pain
Q--quality of pain(burning, stabbing, aching, etc.)
R--region of body affected
S--severity of pain(usually 1-10 scale)
T--timing of pain(eg.-after meals, in the morning, etc.)

A-S-C-L-A-S-T--eliciting and HPI and exploring symptoms

A--aggravatiing and alleviating factors
S--severity
C--character, quality
L--location
A--associated sx
S--setting
T--timing
note: ASCLAST means let the patient talk first, then ask him/her specific questions

Argyll-Robertson Pupil--syphilitic pupil: Accommodation reflex present, Pupillary reflex

absent due to damage at pretectal area. Also called the "prostitute's pupil" (accommodates
but does not react).

The five W's--post-operative fever

Wind--pneumonia, atelectasis
Wound--wound infections
Water--urinary tract infection
Walking--walking can help reduce deep vein thromboses and pulmonary embolus
Wonderdrugs--especially anesthesia

Predisposing Conditions for Pulmonary Embolism: TOM SCHREPFER

T--trauma
O--obesity
M--malignancy
S--surgery
C--cardiac disease
H--hospitalization
R--rest (bed-bound)
E--estrogen, pregnancy, post-partum
P--past hx
F--fracture
E--elderly
R--road trip

ARTERIAL OCCLUSION:
pain
pallor
pulselessness
paresthesias

HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS: "Anna Cycled Immediately Downhill--Gell & Goombs" or

"ACID."
Type I Anaphylaxis
Type II Cytotoxic-mediated
Type III Immune-complex
Type IV Delayed hypersensitivity

WBC Count: "Never Let Mom Eat Beans" and "60, 30, 6, 3, 1"
Neutrophils 60%
Lymphocytes 30%
Monocytes 6%
Eosinophils 3%
Basophils 1:
ANATOMY MNEMONICS

List of Three's in Anatomy

You have I nose. You have II eyes. (I - Olfactory; II -- Optic)

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Standing Room Only -Exit of branches of trigeminal nerve from the skull S

V1 -Superior orbital fissure, V2 -foramen Rotundum, V3 -foramen Ovale

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For the order of nerves that pass through the superior orbital fissure:
"Lazy French Tarts Lie Naked in Anticipation."

(Lacrimal, Frontal, Trochlear, Lateral, Nosociliary, Internal,

Abducens)

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2 Muscle of mastication- Lateral Lowers- lateral pterygoid is the one that opens the jaw
4 Muscles of Mastication MTPP( which could be read as "Empty Peepee") -masseter,
temporal, lateral and medial pterygoids --

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Arteries as they come off the external carotid:

Superior thyroid, Ascending pharyngeal, Lingual, Facial, Occipital, Post Auricular,

Superficial temporal, Maxillary
Some Anatomists Like Fucking, Others Prefer S & M

Some Angry Lady Figured out PMS

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Innervation of Extraocularmotor Muscles: LR6 SO4 3

LR6--Lateral rectus--> VI abductens

SO4--Superior Oblique--> IV Trochlear

3--The remaining 4 eyeball movers = III Oculomotor

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ABC'S of the aortic arch!

Aortic arch gives off the Bracheiocephalic trunk,

the left Common Carotid, and the left

Subclavian artery

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BRACHIAL PLEXUS: Roots, Trunks, Divisions, Cords, Branches

Robert Taylor Drinks Cold Beer.

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CERVICAL SPINAL NERVES:

c345 keeps the phrenic alive (innervation of phrenic nerve) c345 keep the diaphragm alive
(innervation of diaphragm)

c5-6-7 raise your arms to heaven (nerve roots of long thoracic nerve innervate serratus
anterior)

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Cranial Bones
Annoying, aren't they?
The cranial bones are the PEST OF 6...

Parietal, Ethmoid,Sphenoid,Temporal,Occipital,Frontal- 6 ? (6-the number of bones!)

( another one) Old People From Texas Eat Spiders.

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LOCATION OF THORACIC DUCT: The duck is between two gooses (duck = thoracic duct) 2
gooses = azyGOUS and esophaGOUS

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Cartilages of the Larynx - There are 4 cartilages in the larynx whose initial letters are TEAC
(also the brandname of a home stereo).
Thyroid, Epiglottis, Arytenoid, Cricoid

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Abdomen-Pelvis

INNERVATION OF PENIS:

Parasympathetic puts it up; sympathetic spurts it out

Point , Shoot, Score! (erection, emmision ,ejaculation) Parasympathetic, Sympathetic ,

Somatomotor
"S2, 3, 4 keep the penis off the floor" Innervation of the penis by branches of the pudental
nerve, derived from spinal cord levels S2-4

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Structures perforating the esophagus

"At T8 you see, perforates the IVC" (inferior Vena Cava)

the "EsoVagus" pierce T10 (esophagus, vagus nerve)

T12 - red, white and blue (aorta,thoracic duct,azygous vein)

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Femoral Sheath (lateral to medial) order of things in thigh -NAVEL

Nerve, Artery, Vein, Empty, Space, Lymphatics

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Radial n. innervates the BEST!!!!

Brachioradialis
Extensors
Supinator
Triceps

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Course of Ureters

Water runs under the bridge (uterine a. and ductus deferens)

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Carotid Sheath-- VAN

Internal Jugular Vein

Common carotid Artery

Vagus Nerve

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Dermatomes

C3 is a high turtleneck shirt

T4 is at the nipple

L1 is at the inguinal ligament (or L1 is IL -Inguinal ligament)

Randy Travis Drinks Cold Beer--Brachial plexus

Robert Taylor Drinks Cold Beer

Roots, Trunks, Divisions, Cords, Branches

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Bones of the wrist -Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform, Trapezium,

Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate

1. Slowly Lower Tilly's Pants To The Curly Hairs

2. Swifty Lower Tilly's Pants to try coitus here. (the risque version)
3.Scared Lovers Try Positions That They Can't Handle. (Classic version)

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Pelvic Diaphragm

PICOLO(A) -Posterior to anterior

PIriformis

COccygeus

Levator Ani

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Pelvic Splanchic-Parasympathetic

Sacral Splanchic-Sympathetic

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Armies travel over bridges, the Navy travels under.

(Bridge is the ligament...reference to suprascapular artery and nerve.)

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Pad, dab. Dorsal ABduct...Palmar ADduct...interosseous muscles of hand/foot.

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Layers of the epidermis-Germinativum or Basale, Spinosum, Granulosum, Lucidum,

Corneum
Grandpa Shagging Grandma's Love Child.

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Limbic System- the 5 F�s- Feeding, Fighting, Feeling, Flight and Fucking

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The 5 sphincters found in the Alimentary Canal are APE OIL:

Anal, Pyloric, Lower Esophogeal, Oddi, and Ileocecum.

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Sally Thompson Loves Sex And Pot pie. The branches of the Axillary Artery are: Superior
Thoracic, Thoracoacromial, Lateral Thoracic, Subscapular, Anterior Circumflex Humeral,
Posterior Circumflex Humeral, and Profunda Brachii.

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TIRE- four abdominal muscles -- transversus, internal oblique, rectus abdominus, and
external oblique

BIOCHEMISTRY MNEMONICS
In the Phasted State Phosphorylate

Phosphorylation cascade active when blood glucose low.

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Exons expressed, Introns in the trash--DNA expression into mature mRNA

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Pyrimidines are CUT from purines.

Pyrimidines are Cytosine, Uracil, Thiamine and are one ring structures.
Purines are double ring structures.

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Amino Acids: The ten essential amino acids:

"These Ten Valuable Amino Acids Have Long Preserved Life In
Man."

(Threonine, Tryptophan, Valine, Arginine, Histidine, Lysine,

Phenylalanine, Leucine, Isoleucine, Methionine)

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INsulin gets sugar INto cells- (Excess sugar is removed via urine. The Romans noticed
bees attracted to the urine of diabetics and coined the term "diabetes" to describe the
overflow of sugar.)

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GOAT FLAP- Eight hormones: Growth hormone, Oxytocin, Adenocorticotropin, Thyroid

stimulating hormone, Follicle stimulating hormone, Leutinizing hormone (interstitial cell
stimulating hormone in males), Anti-diruetic(Vasopressin), and Prolactin
(also Melatonin!)