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the lord of the week- day and the lord of the Hora respectively
get 1/4, 1/2. 3/4 and 1 Rupa strength if a nalive is born under
their influence. The sum of these four kinds of strength goes to
add in the Kalabala. To find the lord of the Hora, for any Particular
time, multiply the Ghatikas thaI have passed since Sunrise
by 2 and divide tbe product by 5. TIle quotient will show the
number of Horas that have elapsed. 1be lord of the lst Hora on
any week-day will be the lord of the week-day itself, the lords
of the 2nd and the succeeding Horas should be counted from
that planet in the following order: the Sun, Venus, Mercury,
the Moon, Saturn Jupiter and MarsSbka IS ~16 Y.t The loRl oftlle year,
orlhe month,
the lord of the week- day and the lord of the Hora respectively
get 1/4, 1/2. 3/4 and 1 Rupa strength if a nalive is born under
their influence. The sum of these four kinds of strength goes to
add in the Kalabala. To find the lord of the Hora, for any Particular
time, multiply the Ghatikas thaI have passed since Sunrise
by 2 and divide tbe product by 5. TIle quotient will show the
number of Horas that have elapsed. 1be lord of the lst Hora on
any week-day will be the lord of the week-day itself, the lords
of the 2nd and the succeeding Horas should be counted from
that planet in the following order: the Sun, Venus, Mercury,
the Moon, Saturn Jupiter and MarsSbka IS ~16 Y.t The loRl oftlle year,
orlhe month,
the lord of the week- day and the lord of the Hora respectively
get 1/4, 1/2. 3/4 and 1 Rupa strength if a nalive is born under
their influence. The sum of these four kinds of strength goes to
add in the Kalabala. To find the lord of the Hora, for any Particular
time, multiply the Ghatikas thaI have passed since Sunrise
by 2 and divide tbe product by 5. TIle quotient will show the
number of Horas that have elapsed. 1be lord of the lst Hora on
any week-day will be the lord of the week-day itself, the lords
of the 2nd and the succeeding Horas should be counted from
that planet in the following order: the Sun, Venus, Mercury,
the Moon, Saturn Jupiter and MarsSbka IS ~16 Y.t The loRl oftlle year,
orlhe month,
the lord of the week- day and the lord of the Hora respectively
get 1/4, 1/2. 3/4 and 1 Rupa strength if a nalive is born under
their influence. The sum of these four kinds of strength goes to
add in the Kalabala. To find the lord of the Hora, for any Particular
time, multiply the Ghatikas thaI have passed since Sunrise
by 2 and divide tbe product by 5. TIle quotient will show the
number of Horas that have elapsed. 1be lord of the lst Hora on
any week-day will be the lord of the week-day itself, the lords
of the 2nd and the succeeding Horas should be counted from
that planet in the following order: the Sun, Venus, Mercury,
the Moon, Saturn Jupiter and MarsSbka IS ~16 Y.t The loRl oftlle year,
orlhe month,
the lord of the week- day and the lord of the Hora respectively
get 1/4, 1/2. 3/4 and 1 Rupa strength if a nalive is born under
their influence. The sum of these four kinds of strength goes to
add in the Kalabala. To find the lord of the Hora, for any Particular
time, multiply the Ghatikas thaI have passed since Sunrise
by 2 and divide tbe product by 5. TIle quotient will show the
number of Horas that have elapsed. 1be lord of the lst Hora on
any week-day will be the lord of the week-day itself, the lords
of the 2nd and the succeeding Horas should be counted from
that planet in the following order: the Sun, Venus, Mercury,
the Moon, Saturn Jupiter and Mars
the lord
the lord
the lord
the lord
in the short run, the value of the multiplier is lower because output does not r
espond as
quickly to demand changes.
6. There are people s expectations about the future. People look ahead, and they r
espond less to
temporary changes than to permanent changes. The multiplier effects for policy c
hanges perceived
to be temporary are smaller than those for policy changes perceived to be perman
ent.
The Size of the Multiplier in Practice In practice, the multiplier probably has
a value
of around 2.0. Its size also depends on how long ago the spending increase began
. For example, in
the first quarter of an increase in government spending, the multiplier is only
about 1.1. If government
spending rises by $1 billion, GDP will increase by about $1.1 billion during the
first
quarter. In the second quarter, the multiplier will rise to about 1.6. The multi
plier then will rise to
its peak of about 2.0 in the fourth quarter.
One of the main points to remember here is that if the government is contemplati
ng a monetary
or fiscal policy change, the response of the economy to the change is not likely
to be large
and quick. It takes time for the full effects to be felt, and in the final analy
sis, the effects are much
smaller than the simple multiplier we discussed in Chapter 23 would lead one to
believe.
A good way to review much of the material since Chapter 23 is to make sure you c
learly
understand how the value of the multiplier is affected by each of the additions
to the simple
model in Chapter 23.