Planning Guidelines For Developing Industrial Areas in Jaipur

A
THESIS REPORT
ON
PLANNING GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING INDUSTRIAL

AREAS IN JAIPUR
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the award of the degree of
MASTER OF URBAN PLANNING
Submitted By
Ankit Kashmiri Gupta
(ID no. 2013PAR5308)
Thesis supervisor
Mr. Nand Kumar
Assistant professor
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING

MALAVIYA NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOG Y,
JAIPUR-302017, RAJASTHAN
2014-2015
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the thesis titled Planning Guidelines for Planning
Industrial Areas in Jaipur has been submitted by Ankit Kashmiri Gupta
Student ID 2013PAR5308 towards partial fulfillment of the requirements for
the award of Masters Degree in Planning with specialization in Urban
Planning at the Department of Architecture and Planning, Malaviya
National Institute of Technology, Jaipur. This is a bonafied work of the
student and has not been submitted to any other university for award of any
Degree/ Diploma.
Mr. Nand Kumar

Assistant Professor.
Guide
Mr. Tarush Chandra

Associate Professor
Dissertation Coordinator, 2015
___________________________
___________________________
Mr. Ram Niwas Sharma

Associate Professor
___________________________
HOD, Department of Architecture and Planning
External Examiner I
External Examiner - II
i
DECLARATION
I, Ankit Kashmiri Gupta Student ID 2013PAR5308 the author of the
Dissertation titled Planning Guidelines for Planning Industrial Areas in
Jaipur, hereby declare that this is an independent work of mine, carried out
towards partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Masters Degree
in Planning with specialization in Urban Planning at the Department of
architecture and planning, Malaviya National Institute of technology, Jaipur.
This work has not been submitted to any other institution for the award of any
Degree/Diploma.

2013PAR5308
M. Plan (Urban Planning) Batch 2013 - 15
Date: June 15th, 2015
Place: Jaipur, India.
ii
DISCLAIMER
This document describes work undertaken as part of a programme of study at

the Department of architecture and planning, Malaviya National Institute of
technology, Jaipur. All views and opinions expressed therein remain the sole
responsibility of the author, and do not necessarily represent those of the
institute.
iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I take this opportunity to thank the Almighty for what I am today and also for channeling
my path so that I had Asst. Prof. Nand Kumar as my Dissertation guide, who always
steered me in the right direction. Without his diligent guidance, support and constant
inspiration this Dissertation would not have been possible. He continuously encouraged
me nurture ideas and shape my Dissertation into a successful one.
I take this opportunity to thank all the professionals and academicians whom I consulted
for my Dissertation. I thank my co-guides Asso. Prof. Kalpana pandit and Asso.
Prof. Rina Surana mam who helped me find my path into the research. My special
thanks to Prof. Rajeev Shringi, Ar. Sanjay Waghmare and Prof. A.K Gupta for
sparing time from his busy schedule to give me valuable comments, they have been a
guiding force throughout my Dissertation and their valuable time and guidance has been a
major cause for the successful completion of this dissertation.
I am also grateful to Dissertation & Review Committee, especially Prof. Alok
Ranjan, Prof. Rajeev Shringi and Asso. Prof. Mahesh Jat and dissertation
Coordinator Asso. Prof. Tarush Chandra for their valuable support and comments on
my work during reviews and discussions. I thank the Head of the Department Asso.
Prof. Ram Niwas Sharma for giving me this opportunity.
I thank my friends Achinta Prabhab Bhoura, Kamal Shekhawat, Kul Vaibhav Sharma,
Ankita Gupta, Arun Jeph, Arundhati Sankhala and Seema Mathur for their continuous
support and brainstorming sessions during my Dissertation.
I thank my parents and my sister who have continuously motivated me and usually been
there when I needed. I thank my family for believing in me and always encouraging for
moving ahead in life.

2013PAR5308
M. Plan (Urban Planning) Batch 2013 - 15
Date: June 15th, 2015
Place: Jaipur, India.
iv
CONTENTS
CERTIFICATE ........................................................................................................................... i
DECLARATION ....................................................................................................................... ii
DISCLAIMER ...........................................................................................................................iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ........................................................................................................ iv
CONTENTS............................................................................................................................... v
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 1
1.1
Background ................................................................................................................. 1
1.2
Problem Identification ................................................................................................. 2
1.3
Need of the Study ........................................................................................................ 3
1.4
Study Area Profile ....................................................................................................... 4
1.5
Research Questions ..................................................................................................... 5
1.6
Aim .............................................................................................................................. 5
1.7
Objectives .................................................................................................................... 5
1.8
Scope and Limitation .................................................................................................. 5
1.9
Methodology ............................................................................................................... 5
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW .............................................................................. 8

2.1
Definitions ................................................................................................................... 8
2.2
Importance of Industrial Areas.................................................................................... 9
2.3
Micro Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (MSME) ............................................. 12
2.3.1
Manufacturing enterprises ............................................................................... 12
2.3.2
Service enterprises ........................................................................................... 13
2.4
Industrial Policy in India ........................................................................................... 14
2.5
Problems and Prospects of Industrial Estates............................................................ 19
2.6
Characteristics of Industrial Land ............................................................................. 20
2.7
Industrial Area Development Guidelines in India..................................................... 22
2.7.1
Guidelines in state of Punjab ........................................................................... 22
2.7.2
Guidelines in state of Haryana ......................................................................... 26
2.7.3
Guidelines in state of Karnataka ...................................................................... 28
2.7.4
Guidelines in state of Kerala ............................................................................ 31
2.7.5
Guidelines in state of Maharashtra................................................................... 33

v
2.7.6
Guidelines in state of Rajasthan....................................................................... 36
2.8
Industrial Area Layouts.................................................................................... 40
CHAPTER 3: STUDY AREA .............................................................................................. 51

3.1
Physical Characteristics of Jaipur ............................................................................. 51
3.1.1
Geographical location and regional setting...................................................... 51
3.1.2
Physical Features.............................................................................................. 52
3.1.3
Climate ............................................................................................................. 53
3.1.4
Land use pattern ............................................................................................... 53
3.1.5
City area ........................................................................................................... 55
3.2
Demography .............................................................................................................. 57
3.2.1
City population................................................................................................. 57
3.2.2
Municipal corporation...................................................................................... 57
3.2.3
Employment ..................................................................................................... 61
3.3
Infrastructure ............................................................................................................. 61
3.3.1
Physical infrastructure: .................................................................................... 61
3.3.1.1
Water supply: ................................................................................................... 61
3.3.1.2
Drainage ........................................................................................................... 63
3.3.1.3
Solid waste generation ..................................................................................... 63
3.3.1.4
Electricity ......................................................................................................... 63
3.3.1.5
Transportation .................................................................................................. 64
3.3.2
Social Infrastructure:........................................................................................ 68
3.3.2.1
Health care facilities......................................................................................... 68
3.3.2.2
Education ......................................................................................................... 69
3.3.2.3
Recreation and socio-cultural facilities............................................................ 69
3.4
Growth of Industries.................................................................................................. 69
3.9
Development Scenario .............................................................................................. 75
CHAPTER 4: CASE STUDY: STUDY OF EXISTING INDUSTRIAL AREAS ........... 77

4.1
Sitapura Industrial Area ............................................................................................ 77
4.2
BAGRU INDUSTRIAL AREA ................................................................................ 86
4.3
VISHVAKARMA INDUSTRIAL AREA (VKAI) .................................................. 93
4.4
JHOTWADA INDUSTRIAL AREA...................................................................... 100
4.5
BINDAYAKA INDUSTRIAL AREA.................................................................... 105
4.6
Inferences ................................................................................................................ 111

vi
CHAPTER 5: PRIMARY SURVEY ................................................................................. 113

5.1
Sampling.................................................................................................................. 113
5.2
Survey of Industries ................................................................................................ 113
5.2.1
Site Zoning........................................................................................................... 114
5.2.1.1
Scale of industries ......................................................................................... 114
5.2.1.2
Pollution ........................................................................................................ 115
5.2.1.3
Commuting distance ..................................................................................... 115
5.2.2
Land Use Planning............................................................................................... 116
5.2.2.1
Industrial plot area ........................................................................................ 116
5.2.2.2
Number of floors ........................................................................................... 116
5.2.2.3
Green open spaces......................................................................................... 117
5.2.2.4
Housing ......................................................................................................... 117
5.2.5.5
Labor requirement......................................................................................... 119
5.2.2.6
Parks and open green spaces ......................................................................... 119
5.2.2.7
Commercial ................................................................................................... 120
5.2.2.8
Hotel.............................................................................................................. 123
5.2.2.9
Dormitory...................................................................................................... 123
5.2.2.10
Guest house ................................................................................................... 124
5.2.2.11 Parking for loading vehicles .......................................................................... 125

5.2.2.12 Weigh bridge / Dharam kanta ........................................................................ 125
5.2.2.13 Fire station...................................................................................................... 125
5.2.2.14 Police station .................................................................................................. 126
5.2.3
Infrastructure........................................................................................................ 126
5.2.3.1
Road width .................................................................................................... 126
5.2.3.2
Mode of transportation for goods ................................................................. 127
5.2.3.3
Facilities required for production.................................................................. 128
5.2.3.4
Public transportation ..................................................................................... 129
5.2.3.5
Parking facility .............................................................................................. 130
5.2.3.6
Primary / Secondary schools......................................................................... 131
5.2.3.7
Industrial training institutes .......................................................................... 131
5.2.3.8
Technical And Professional Colleges ........................................................... 132
5.2.3.9
Dispensary / Nursing home........................................................................... 132
5.2.3.10 Hospital .......................................................................................................... 133

vii
5.2.3.11 Banks and ATM ............................................................................................. 134

5.2.3.12 Post office / Courier center ............................................................................ 135
5.2.3.13 Telephone exchange / Internet provider......................................................... 136
5.2.3.14 Petrol pumps .................................................................................................. 136
5.2.4
Environment ........................................................................................................ 136
5.2.4.1
Industrial waste management........................................................................ 136
5.2.4.2
Water waste................................................................................................... 137
5.2.4.3
Recyclable metal scrap.................................................................................. 137
5.2.4.4
Municipal solid waste ................................................................................... 138
5.2.5
Administrative setup ............................................................................................ 139
5.2.5.1
Year of establishment.................................................................................... 139
CHAPTER 6: OBSERVATION AND RECOMENDATIONS....................................... 140

6.1
Site Zoning .............................................................................................................. 140
6.2
Land Use Plan ......................................................................................................... 143
6.3
Infrastructure ........................................................................................................... 145
6.4
Environment ............................................................................................................ 146
6.5
Administrative Setup ............................................................................................... 147
CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSION ........................................................................................... 149

BOBLIOGRAPHY ................................................................................................................ 150
ANNEXURES ....................................................................................................................... 153
Annexure I
INDUSTRIAL AREA SURVEY FORMAT ............................................ 153
viii
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Map Showing Study area................................................................................................ 4

Flowchart showing the process followed to carry out the research ................................... 7
Categorization of MSME in India................................................................................... 12
Land use division as per guidelines in Punjab................................................................. 24
Land use division as per guidelines in Haryana............................................................... 26
Division of land use for development of industrial areas of Rajasthan ............................. 36
Layout plan of mansarovar industrial area..................................................................... 41
Layout plan of mansarovar industrial area..................................................................... 42
Layout plan of Bagru Ph-I industrial area....................................................................... 43
Layout plan of Bagru Ph-I industrial area....................................................................... 44
Layout of Sitapura industrial area ................................................................................. 45
Layout of Mangalam industrial park on sikar road.......................................................... 46
Layout of Mangalam industrial park on sikar road.......................................................... 47
Political map of Rajasthan ............................................................................................ 51
Political map of Rajasthan ............................................................................................ 52
Average mean monthly temperatures and rainfall in Jaipur............................................ 53
Existing Land use plan of Jaipur .................................................................................... 55
Map Showing Land Utilization in Jaipur Region; Source: Master Plan 2025, Jaipur ........... 56
Graph showing growth in city population. ..................................................................... 57
Revised ward map of Jaipur, 2013; ............................................................................... 60
Map Showing major highways connecting India ............................................................ 65
Map Showing Rail routes in Jaipur district. .................................................................... 66
Showing the Route of DMIC,......................................................................................... 67
Map showing major development nodes in Rajasthan state. .......................................... 68
Jaipur city health care evolution ................................................................................... 69
Existing industrial areas in 1971 in Jaipur city. ............................................................... 70
Existing industrial areas in Jaipur city in 1991, Source : Jaipur Master plan 2011 .............. 71
Existing industrial areas in Jaipur city in 2011, Source : Jaipur Master plan 2025 .............. 72
Map showing locations of industrial area in JDA region. ................................................. 74
Industrial development timeline in Rajasthan, ............................................................... 75
Industrial parks on outskirts of the city. ........................................................................ 76
Location of Sitapura..................................................................................................... 78
Layout of Sitapura industrial area; Source: RIICO ........................................................... 78
Various types of industries in the industrial area. .......................................................... 79
Phases of development for sitapura.............................................................................. 80
Jaipur Convention Centre, Sitappura............................................................................. 81
Showing status of commercial areas in sitapura industrial area. ..................................... 81
Map showing locations of informal sector in the sitapura area. ...................................... 82
Undeveloped woodlands.............................................................................................. 82
Residential Areas being taken up by HIG and MIG and EWS squat on road sides. ............. 83
Waste deposition in vacant plots in sitapura ................................................................. 83
Map showing the locations of waste collection spots in sitapura .................................... 84
Locations for goods vehicle parking .............................................................................. 84
ix
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Locations for goods vehicle parking, Industrial waste collection and Informal Shops. ....... 85
Location of Bagru Industrial area .................................................................................. 86
Layout Plan of Bagru Industrial area.............................................................................. 87
Industries in Bagru industrial area ................................................................................ 88
Showing status of commercial areas in Bagru industrial area. ......................................... 88
Map showing locations of informal sector in the sitapura area. ...................................... 89
Undeveloped woodlands.............................................................................................. 89
Development of katchhi basti on dry river bed .............................................................. 90
Waste deposition in vacant plots in Bagru Industrial Area .............................................. 90
Map showing the locations of waste collection spots in Bagru........................................ 91
Off road Parking In Bagru industrial area. ...................................................................... 91
Location of VKAI .......................................................................................................... 93
Layout of Vishvakarma Industrial area .......................................................................... 94
Types of Industries in VKAI area.................................................................................... 94
Showing status of commercial areas in sitapura industrial area. ..................................... 95
Map showing locations of informal sector in the VKAI area. ........................................... 96
Residential Areas being taken up by HIG and MIG and EWS squat on road sides. ............. 96
Waste deposition in vacant plots in sitapura ................................................................. 97
Map showing the locations of waste collection spots in sitapura .................................... 97
Location of Industrial area...........................................................................................100
Layout of Jhotwada Industrial area. .............................................................................100
Types of Industries in Jhotwada industrial area.............................................................101
Showing status of commercial areas in Jhotwada industrial area. ..................................102
Map showing locations of informal sector in the VKAI area. ..........................................102
Waste deposition in low lying area of jhotwada............................................................103
Map showing the locations of waste collection spots in sitapura ...................................103
Locations for goods vehicle parking .............................................................................104
Locations for goods vehicle parking, Industrial waste collection and Informal Shops. ......104
Location of Industrial area...........................................................................................105
Layout of Jhotwada Industrial area. .............................................................................106
Google Image of the industrial area. ............................................................................106
Types of Industries in Jhotwada industrial area.............................................................107
Showing status of commercial areas in Jhotwada industrial area. ..................................107
Map showing locations of informal sector in the VKAI area. ..........................................108
Waste deposition in low lying area of jhotwada............................................................108
Map showing the locations of waste collection spots in sitapura ...................................109
Locations for goods vehicle parking .............................................................................109
Locations for goods vehicle parking, Industrial waste collection and Informal Shops. ......110
Location of the samples in the survey ..........................................................................114
Figure depicting the scale of industries ........................................................................114
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Polluting and non-polluting industries in the industrial areas ........................................115

Average commuting distance from the workers from the workplace to the residences. ..115
Industrial Plot size distribution in study area. ...............................................................116
Number of constructed floors in industries. .................................................................117
Green open spaces in the industrial area......................................................................117
housing facility in the industrial areas. .........................................................................118
Requirement of labor in the industrial area. .................................................................119
Parks and open spaces in the industrial areas...............................................................120
Informal commercial setup in industrial areas. .............................................................121
Local Shopping / household glossary shopping .............................................................122
Provision of shopping mall Shopping mall ....................................................................122
Provision of hotels in industrial area ............................................................................123
Provision of dormitory in industrial area ......................................................................124
Provisions for guesthouse in the industrial area............................................................124
Provision for parking...................................................................................................125
Provision of Weigh Bridges. .........................................................................................125
Provision for fire station..............................................................................................126
Provisions for police station. .......................................................................................126
Road width in front of the industry. .............................................................................127
Road width in front of the industry ..............................................................................127
Mode of transport for raw material .............................................................................128
Mode of transportation for bringing raw material ........................................................128
Facilities required in the industrial areas ......................................................................129
Efficiency & interval of public transport facility.............................................................130
Parking facility for the vehicles. ...................................................................................131
Provision of Primary and secondary schools .................................................................131
Provision of industrial training institutes ......................................................................132
Provision of technical and professional colleges ...........................................................132
Provision for dispensary and nursing home ..................................................................133
Provision of higher order health facilities. ....................................................................134
Provision of banking facility. ........................................................................................135
provision of post office/ courier center ........................................................................135
Provision for broadband / Internet provider. ................................................................136
Provision for petrol pumps. .........................................................................................136
Kinds of waste produced .............................................................................................137
Waster water disposal system. ....................................................................................137
metal waste disposal. .................................................................................................138
Municipal Solid waste. ................................................................................................138
xi
List of Tables
Table 1: Methodology followed in the study................................................................................... 6
Table 2: Models for PPP in Karnataka........................................................................................... 29
Table 3: Minimum road width in front of plot ............................................................................... 33
Table 4: Minimum clearance from overhead electrical supply line ................................................. 34
Table 5: Parking space requirement for different vehicles. ............................................................ 34
Table 6: Comparison of industrial area development guidelines from states in India....................... 38
Table 7: Comparison of area statements of different industrial layouts. ......................................... 48
Table 8: Existing land use as per 2011 master plan boundary. ....................................................... 54
Table 9: Land utilization in JDA region .......................................................................................... 56
Table 10: ward wise population of Jaipur city ............................................................................... 57
Table 11: Workforce participation in Jaipur .................................................................................. 61
Table 12: Brief of water supply situation in Jaipur. ........................................................................ 62
Table 13: Status of water supply in Jaipur urban area (in MLD) ...................................................... 62
Table 14: Total number of consumers of electricity in the district .................................................. 64
Table 15: total power consumption in the district (in million K.V) .................................................. 64
Table 16: list of industrial areas in Jaipur region ........................................................................... 73
Table: 17 Industries in Jaipur ....................................................................................................... 76
xii
PLANNING GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING INDUSTRIAL AREAS IN JAIPUR
1.0
2015
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background
Industries have become one of the requirements of our todays lifestyle, from food we eat to
the things we use all are produced or processed in the industries. Industries apart from
providing us with goods that we use in day today life play a major role in the economy of the
place or country they are located in. Most of the developed countries have been able to attain
the status of being developed through industrialization.
India being a developing nation, it is under the process of industrialization. Medium and
Small Scale Enterprise (MSME) contribute to about 10% of the total Gross Domestic Product
(GDP) of the country which is expected to increase to 12% by 2016.
To boot the process of industrialization and promote industries in the country the planning
commission of India in its five year plans have been emphasing on industrial growth and
promotion. After liberalization of 1991 and allowing Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the
industrial sector the gates of international trade were opened.
The industries demanded for land to setup, land being the state subject in the constitution,
every state is depending upon the scale and scope of industrialization made the land available
to the industries. With the industries being promoted to boost the economy came the
problems and concerns of environment. The local problems emerged like increase in traffic,
high pollution level, over exploitation of the natural resources, deforestation, setup of
ancillary units and supporting activities in the neighboring areas.
To regulate the development process were taken at state and national level and development
guidelines for locating and developing industrial areas in coherence with eh state industrial
policy were setup
Jaipur, capital City of Rajasthan, due to its location on the golden quadrilateral (NH-8)
connecting Delhi and Mumbai, houses small and medium scale industries (MSME) having a
lot of potential, primarily the industries which have a low water requirement. Heavy
industries usually demand for large quantity of water and hence do not have a great potential
in the area. But, with the recent proposals for power generation, connectivity and DMIC in
the state, Jaipur is being viewed as one of the ideal locations for setting up industrial estates.
Ankit Kashmiri Gupta, 2013PAR5308
2015
The two major potential industrial sectors are manufacturing sector and service industry.
Manufacturing sector mainly includes Garments, Jewellery, Ha ndicraft Items, Wooden
Furniture, Leather Goods, marble and granite Stone products; and service industry includes
IT, BPOs, Repairing of Engines, Repair of Household electronics goods, Coaching Institutes,
etc.
RIMDC (Rajasthan State Industrial Development and Investment Corporation) was setup
on 28th March, 1969 to promote industrial development in the state which was later
incorporated to RIICO (Rajasthan State Industrial Development and Investment
Corporation) on 1st January, 1980. The corporation is presently the apex body for
development and planning of Industrial areas across Rajasthan and has developed many
industrial areas in Jaipur . (Profile,RIICO)
Industrial areas are planned mainly in the outskirts of the city, so as to minimize the effect of
pollution and effluents on residential area, But, industries need a large workforce to keep
them running. Provision of residential area for workers has been recently introduced in the
planning policy which is limited to a maximum of 15% of the total scheme area; at the same
time there is a requirement of land to provide higher order infrastructure facility to support
the primary activity is high.
RIICO in Rajasthan has made provision of educational institutes with the industrial area to
enhance higher order educational facilities in the state, but the supporting activities like
housing, commercial, open green spaces, etc. needed by the users of educational institutes is
not planned for.
1.2
Problem Identification
Industries have a multiplier effect on the city economy, which acts a catalyst in the process of
urbanization of the surrounding areas. Envisioning the same industrial development is
promoted and to expedite the industrial growth in the year 2010 Rajasthan Industrial and
Investment policy-2010 was introduced by the state government, in which they allowed the
private developers to provide developed land to the industries. With which the need of
Infrastructure development act was given with the intension that the Act would delineate a
legal framework and roadmap for private participation.
2015
The infrastructure development has not been enacted in the state, taking the advantage of
which the private developers are developing the industrial areas. These industrial areas so
developed are being approved by the district collector in case of outside the development
authority area boundary or by the development authority.
The anticipated problems in developed industrial areas are:
Absence of adequate infrastructure provisions to support the industries.
Uneven clubbing of polluting and non-polluting industries.
Inadequate provision for residential area for industrial workers.
Increased travel time of the workers.
Traffic increment in the commuting area.
Lack of social infrastructure facility.
Residential areas being taken by the HIG/ MIG and worker population squatting on
roads or nearby areas.
Vacant formal commercial area and informal sector encroaching upon the footpaths
and open areas.
Poor industrial waste management.
NO provision of Parking for Fright vehicles and drivers.
Increased number of daily commuters to the area.
Space for facilities like fire station, Banks, Water supply, ETP, etc. not provided and
now taking up the open areas for their provision.
Mixing of type of industries in a same area make the provision of common facilities
non-viable.
1.3
Need of the Study
A much deeper understanding for demarcation of land use is required, especially in the
industrial areas which have a larger impact and influence zone as they attract a lot of ancillary
activities like commercial and residential developments in the nearby surroundings and also
the social infrastructure facilities like schools, Health care centres, Parks, Playgrounds, etc.
are equally important as the area develops. There is a need for deeper understanding about the
requirements of industrialist, the Developer and the future inhabitants of the area to make it a
better place.
2015
Until now, only RIICO (a Govt. undertaking) was responsible for provision of serviced land
to the industrialist, in 2012 in the industrial policy of Rajasthan, chief minister Ashok Gahelot
invited the private developers to promote industrial estates, but no guideline for planning
industrial estates had been formulated. This needs to be addressed so as to envision a better
planned industrial environment in these areas.
1.4
Study Area Profile
The study area comprises of the industrial areas within the J.D.A region. Industrial areas
developed in the past to analyse the Minimum requirements of industrial area and its
dependence on the type of industry.
The study shall include one Industrial area along all major roads connecting the city which
have been developed by RIICO and the Private developers in Jaipur region and identify the
shortcomings and various problems faced within the industrial areas.
Fig 1:
Map Showing Study area
Source:Base map courtesy Master Plan 2025 industrial areas located by the author
2015
1.5
Research Questions
Q.1)
What are the shortcomings and issues faced by the users of the industrial areas?
Q.2)
What have been the industrial area development guidelines or parameters for industrial land
development?
Q.3)
What should the vision for an industrial area?
1.6
Aim
To suggest guidelines for industrial area development, with special reference to Jaipur.
1.7
Objectives
To study and analyze the planned existing industrial areas.
To study and compare the predominant framework for development of industrial areas in other
states and countries.
To suggest plausible Guidelines for Planning Land use in industrial Area.
1.8
Scope and Limitation
The study area shall be limited to the industrial areas located within the Jaipur Region catering to
MSME and not considering the heavy industries in study area.
The study shall involve the areas within the industrial planned zone and not the areas adjacent to
it.
1.9
Methodology
To conduct any study, the most important and foremost task is the selection of study area and
collection of data, which in true sense helps represent the problem statement. According to
the statement of problem and availability of datum, scope, need and limitations shall be
adopted. This research has been conducted into three phases
I.
Data Collection
II.
Data Analysis
III.
Identification of Issues and Formulation of Recommendations
2015
Table 1: Methodology followed in the study

S.No.
Objective
Data Required
Policies and guidelines of RIICO

To study and analyze the
existing industrial areas in
the study area.
To
various states and countries
Govt. Departments
Policy for Industrial land use From

planning.
development
authorities.
Proposal plans of industrial Primary survey to be
analyse
the
areas
conducted
Planning Guidelines
analysis.
existing Existing
industrial laws and policies
Source
condition
analysed
to
be RIICO
Primary survey to be
of few different states in
conducted
India.
analysis.
To
Evolve
planning
Land
use
plausible
Guidelines
planning
Analysis of the data collected Analysis
for in objective 1, & 2.
for
for
of
industrial area.
in
industrial Area.
Source: Prepared by the Author.
the
Fig 2:
2015
Flowchart showing the process followed to carry out the research
2.0
2015
LITERATURE REVIEW
To have a better understanding towards planning of efficient industrial areas approximately

twenty research papers on land use planning for industrial area were consulted. There have
been very few researches on land use planning for industrial areas in India but with the
coming up of SEZ (Special Economic Zones) in 2005, the researchers have started to analyze
and visualize the effects on industrialization and urban form.
2.1
Definitions
According to AMERICA INSTITUTE OF REAL ESTATE APPRAISERS, 1984
Industrial Property: Land and /or Investments that can be adapted for industrial use; a
combination of land, improvements, and machinery integrated into a functioning unit to
assemble, process and manufacture products from raw materials or fabricate parts; factories
that render services, e.g., Laundries, dry cleaners, storage warehouse, or produce natural
resources, e.g. oil wells.
THE ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF REAL ESTATE, (Boston, MA: 1978)
Industrial Property: Land Which is improved with a structure and equipped with
machinery for the purpose of assembling, processing, and manufacturing finished or partially
finished products from raw materials or fabricated parts, or for rendering certain kind of
services, such as laundries, dry cleaners, warehouses, etc.; generally classified into heavy
industry and light industry.
ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF REAL ESTATE APPRAISING (Englewood, NJ:

Prentice- hall, 1968) pp. 452-453
Industrial Property: A combination of Land, Improvements, Machinery which has been

adjusted, Synchronized and perfected into a functioning unit intended for the assembling,
Processing and manufacture of finished, or partially finished products from raw materials of
fabricated parts, such as factories; and, a similar combination intended for rendering certain
kinds of services, such as laundries, dry cleaners, storage warehouses, and for the production
of natural resources, such as oil wells.
ACCORDING TO P.C. ALEXANDER,
An industrial estate is a group of factories, constructed on an economic scale in suitable sites

with facilities of water, transport, electricity, steam, bank, post office, canteen, watch and
2015
ward and first-aid, and provided with special arrangements for technical guidance and
common service facilities.
THE UNITED NATIONS (1963) HAS DEFINED AN INDUSTRIAL ESTATE

AS
A planned clustering of enterprises, offering standard factory buildings erected in advance

of demand and variety of services and facilities to the occupants.
INDUSTRIAL ESTATES CAN BE BEST DEFINED AS:
An Industrial area can be best defined as area :
Having Primarily Industrial Activity of Manufacturing, Processing or service.
Primarily Industrial Land use and other ancillary Land uses.
Higher order (Required) Infrastructure, Facilities and Amenities.
INDUSTRIAL ESTATES are also known by different names, e.g. INDUSTRIAL

REGION (Madhya Pradesh), INDUSTRIAL PARK (Punjab), INDUSTRIAL AREA
(Rajasthan), INDUSTRIAL ZONE (Uttar Pradesh) , ETC.
2.2
Importance of Industrial Areas
As India has entered the new millennium after half a century of policy focused on import
substituting industrialization, the global trend towards greater liberalization and openness has
forced the industrial sector to confront new standards of price and product competition.
By implementation of economic reforms in 1991, such as, deregulation of domestic industry,
liberalizing rules for foreign investment and reducing tariff and non-tariff barriers on imports,
government focused on an outward looking development strategy. Apart from the focus on
external sector, policy changes were also initiated in the industrial sector in July 1991, which
may have contributed to restructuring and growth.
Manufacturing sector has witnessed an upward trend in growth rates in 90s. After being
relatively sluggish in 1993-94, growth in industrial production reached about 12% in 1995-96
as compared to 5.5% in 1993-94. However the more recent performance of the economy in
1996-97 indicates a slowdown in industrial production and decline in the level of exports.
Since recovery in industrial growth has been a n important factor behind the resumption of
GDP growth, slowdown in industrial growth raised concerns about the feasibility of a high
target for annual GDP growth.
The slowdown in industrial production and exports may indicate that Indian industry is being
constrained both by capacity bottlenecks and by institutional obstacles. Capacity bottlenecks
2015
could arise form lacking core infrastructure. World Development Report (1994, 1996),
Ahluwalia (1991), and others have identified infrastructure problems as a ma in factor
threatening the sustainability of economic recovery. Such bottlenecks create significant
impediments to the expansion of industrial output. They considerably weaken the supply-side
response and the export capacity of the Indian industry. Moreover weak social infrastructure,
leading to a lack of skilled labor may be another factor limiting growth and productivity for
Indian manufacturing. Improving productivity in manufacturing is an important challenge in
India because without an adequate level of productivity, the country could remain a supplier
of cheap- labor goods in global markets. This would hamper advances in living standards and
could slow down progress in poverty alleviation. Moreover an adequate level of
manufacturing productivity is needed both to attract foreign direct investment and to increase
domestic investment so that industry may be developed in more backward areas. This will
ensure a more balanced growth pattern in the economy.
Infrastructure is generally defined as the physical framework of facilities through which
goods and services are provided to the public. Its linkages to the economy are multiple and
complex, because it affects production and consumption directly, creates positive and
negative spillover effects and involves large inflow of expenditure.
Infrastructure that makes more sense from an economics standpoint consists of large capital
intensive natural monopolies such as highways, other transportation facilities, water and
sewer lines and communications system. An alternative version that focuses on ownership
defines infrastructure, as the tangible capital stock owned by the public sector.
World Development Report (1994) divides infrastructure stock into economic or physical
infrastructure and social infrastructure. Former includes services such as electricity, transport,
roads, water system, communications, irrigation etc, while latter includes education and
health facilities. Other forms of infrastructure may be identified as institutional infrastructure
as banking and civil administration.
Infrastructure provision is dominated by the public sector. Because infrastructure investments
are lumpy, it is difficult for planners to match the availability of supply of infrastructure with
demand at all times. Moreover they are usually non-rival and non-excludable in nature, which
implies that consumption of a service by one consumer does not exclude other from
consuming it and nor does this consumption invokes rivalry on the basis of purchasing power
or any other feature. The consumers do not voluntarily pay for these services and these
10
2015
necessarily become an unpaid input. However government steps in and provides these
services through the budget. But quite recently it is argued that government investment in
infrastructure has been inadequate, uncertain and inefficient and hence commercialization of
infrastructure is important for developing economies to compete with the developed world.
Nevertheless, infrastructure provision enhances the production and distribution network of
key sectors in the economy and promotes overall economic growth. In the process they also
tend to affect the cost structure and productivity in these sectors, thereby promoting growth
and development in each of these sectors.
Substantial research on interrelationships and dynamics of production and infrastructure in
national and regional economies has been made. Most of this research is based on neoclassical production function making use of Cobb-Douglas and Constant Elasticity of
Substitution (CES) production functions.
A substantial number of studies have also utilized cost function specifications to measure
productivity effects of total or specific infrastructure capital on industry and output growth.
These approaches come under the econometric modeling methods of measuring productivity
growth at firm, industry and aggregate economy level.
Aschauer (1989) who examined the relationship between infrastructure and aggregate
productivity in the U.S. economy initiated the interest in the key aspects of infrastruc ture
development. Following this many studies have been undertaken which either used the
production function or the cost function specification to study this relationship. Some of the
important and the recent studies are by Munnel (1992), Holtz- Eakin (1994), Holtz-Eakin and
Schwartz (1995), Shah (1992), Canning (1993), Nadiri and Mamuneas (1994) etc.
Studies for the Indian economy concentrate upon the link of infrastructure with economic
growth and the performance of infrastructure at the national and the state level. The studies
also point out the inter-state disparities in infrastructure in India. Some of the important
studies are Joshi (1990), Ahulwalia (1991, 1995), Anant et. Al (1994, 1999), Mitra et. Al
(1998), Das & Barua (1998) et.
However there has been an absence of studies for India, which explore a quantitative link
between productivity and infrastructure in India, with special reference to industrial
productivity. Elhance and Lakshmanan (1988) make an attempt in this direction but they
follow a complicated methodology of dynamic adjustment of infrastructure towards the
equilibrium level.
11
2.3
2015
Micro Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (MSME)
Fig 3: Categorization of MSME in India.
2.3.1 Manufacturing enterprises

The enterprises engaged in the manufacture or production of goods pertaining to any industry
specified in the first schedule to the industries (Development and regulation) Act, 1951) or
employing plant and machinery in the process of value addition to the final product having a
distinct name or character or use. The Manufacturing Enterprise is defined in terms of
investment in Plant & Machinery.
Food Products
Leather & Leather Products
Chemical & Chemical Products
Beverages, Tobacco & Tobacco
Metal Products
Electrical Machinery & Parts
Cotton Textiles
Rubber & Plastic Products
Wool,
Machinery
&
Products
Parts
Except
Silk,
Synthetic
Fibre
Textiles
Electrical goods
Jute, Hemp and Mesta Textiles
Hosiery & Garments
Other Service
Wood Products
Paper Products & Printing
Non-metallic Mineral Products
Transport Equipment & Parts
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2.3.2 Service enterprises

The enterprises engaged in providing or rendering of services and are defined in terms of
investment in equipment Cost. the industries having investment upto 10 Lakhs are
categorized as micro, industries having investment above 10 Lakhs but upto 2 cr. are
categorized as small and industries having investment capital of above 2 cr. but less than 5
are
categorized
Information Technology
BPOs
Educational
Hospitality
Consultancy Services
Tourism
as
medium
scale
industries.
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2.4
2015
Industrial Policy in India
When India achieved Independence in 1947, the national consensus was in favor of rapid
industrialization of the economy which was seen not only as the key to economic
development but also to economic sovereignty. In the subsequent years, India's Industrial
Policy evolved through successive Industrial Policy Resolutions and Industrial Policy
Statements. Specific priorities for industrial development were also laid down in the
successive Five Year Plans.
2.4.1 Industrial Policy Resolution -1956
Emphasis on heavy industries would lead the economy towards a long term higher growth
path. The Resolution widened the scope of the public sector. The objective was to
accelerate economic growth and boost the process of industrialization as a means to
achieving a socialistic pattern of society. All industries of basic and strategic importance and
those in the nature of public utility services besides those requiring large scale investment
were reserved for the public sector.
The Industrial Policy Resolution - 1956 classified industries into three categories. The first
category comprised 17 industries (included in Schedule A of the Resolution) exclusively
under the domain of the Government. These included inter alia, railways, air transport,
arms and ammunition, iron and steel and atomic energy. The second category comprised 12
industries (included in Schedule B of the Resolution), which were envisaged to be
progressively State owned but private sector was expected to supplement the efforts of the
State. The third category contained all the remaining industries and it was expected that
private sector would initiate development of these industries but they would remain open
for the State as well. It was envisaged that the State would facilitate and encourage
development of these industries in the private sector, in accordance with the programmes
formulated under the Five Year Plans, by appropriate fiscal measures and ensuring adequate
infrastructure.
2.4.2 Industrial Policy Measures in the 1960s and 1970s
Monopolies Inquiry Commission (MIC) was set up in 1964 to review various aspects
pertaining to concentration of economic power and operations of industrial licensing under
the IDR Act, 1951. While emphasizing that the planned economy contributed to the growth
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of industry, the Report by MIC concluded that the industrial licensing system enabled big
business houses to obtain disproportionately large share of licenses which had led to preemption and foreclosure of capacity. Subsequently, the Industrial Licensing Policy Inquiry
Committee (Dutt Committee), constituted in 1967, recommended that larger indus trial
houses should be given licenses only for setting up industry in core and heavy investment
sectors, thereby necessitating reorientation of industrial licensing policy.
The new Industrial Licensing Policy of 1970 classified industries into four categories. First
category, termed as Core Sector, consisted of basic, critical and strategic industries. Second
category termed as Heavy Investment Sector, comprised projects involving investment of
more than Rs.50 million. The third category, the Middle Sector consisted of projects with
investment in the range of Rs.10 million to Rs.50 million. The fourth category was
Delicensed Sector, in which investment was less than Rs.10 million and was exempted from
licensing requirements. The industrial licensing policy of 1970 confined the role of large
business houses and foreign companies to the core, heavy and export oriented sectors.
2.4.3 The Industrial Policy Statement - 1973
With a view to prevent excessive concentration of industrial activity in the large industrial
houses, this Statement gave preference to small and medium entrepreneurs over the large
houses and foreign companies in setting up of new capacity particularly in the production of
mass consumption goods.
2.4.4 The Industrial Policy Statement -1977
This Statement emphasized decentralization of industrial sector with increased role for small
scale, tiny and cottage industries. It also provided for close interaction between industrial and
agricultural sectors. Highest priority was accorded to power generation and transmission. It
expanded the list of items reserved for exclusive production in the small scale sector from
180 to more than 500. For the first time, within the small scale sector, a tiny unit was defined
as a unit with investment in machinery and equipment up to Rs.0.1 million and situated in
towns or villages with a population of less than 50,000 (as per 1971 census). It was also
stated that foreign companies that diluted their foreign equity up to 40 per cent under Foreign
Exchange Regulation Act (FERA) 1973 were to be treated at par with the Indian companies.
The Policy Statement of 1977 also issued a list of industries where no foreign collaboration of
financial or technical nature was allowed as indigenous technology was alread y available.
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Fully owned foreign companies were allowed only in highly export oriented sectors or
sophisticated technology areas. In order to ensure balanced regional development, it was
decided not to issue fresh licenses for setting up new industrial units within certain limits of
large metropolitan cities (more than 1 million population) and urban areas (more than 0.5
million population).
2.4.5 Industrial Policy Statement -1980
The industrial Policy Statement of 1980 placed accent on promotion of competition in the
domestic market, technological up gradation and modernization of industries. Some of the
socio-economic objectives spelt out in the Statement were:
i)
optimum utilization of installed capacity,
ii)
higher productivity,
iii)
higher employment levels,
iv)
removal of regional disparities,
v)
strengthening of agricultural base,
vi)
promotion of export oriented industries
vii)
consumer protection against high prices and poor quality.
2.4.6 Industrial Policy Measures during the 1980s

Policy measures initiated in the first three decades since Independence facilitated the
establishment of basic industries and building up of a broad- based infrastructure in the
country. The Seventh Five Year Plan (1985-1900), recognized the need for consolidation of
these strengths and initiating policy measures to prepare the Indian industry to respond
effectively to emerging challenges. A number of measures were initiated towards
technological and managerial modernization to improve productivity, quality and to reduce
cost of production. The public sector was freed from a number of constraints and was
provided with greater autonomy. There was some progress in the process of deregulation
during the 1980s. In 1988, all industries, excepting 26 industries specified in the negative list,
were exempted from licensing. The exemption was, however, subject to investment and
locational limitations. The automotive industry, cement, cotton spinning, food processing and
polyester filament yarn industries witnessed modernization and expanded scales of
production during the 1980s.
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With a view to promote industrialization of backward areas in the country, the Government
of India announced in June, 1988 the Growth Centre Scheme under which 71 Growth Centers
were proposed to be set up throughout the country. Gro wth centers were to be endowed with
basic infrastructure facilities such as power, water, telecommunications and banking to
enable them to attract industries.
2.4.7 Industrial Policy Statement-1991
The Industrial Policy Statement of 1991 stated that the Government will continue to pursue
a sound policy framework encompassing encouragement of entrepreneurship. The objective
of the Industrial Policy Statement - 1991 was to maintain sustained growth in productivity,
enhance gainful employment and achieve optimal utilization of human resources, to attain
international competitiveness, and to transform India into a major partner and player in the
global arena. Quite clearly, the focus of the policy was to unshackle the Indian industry from
bureaucratic controls. This called for a number of far-reaching reforms:
The Policy Statement included abolition of industrial licensing for most industries,
barring a handful of industries for reasons of security and strategic concerns, social
and environmental issues. Compulsory licensing was required only in respect of 18
industries. These included, inter alia, coal and lignite, distillation and brewing of
alcoholic drinks, cigars and cigarettes, drugs and pharmaceuticals, white goods,
hazardous chemicals.
Foreign direct investment was accorded a significant role in policy announcements of

1991. Foreign direct investment (FDI) up to 51 per cent foreign equity in high priority
industries requiring large investments and advanced technology was permitted.
Foreign equity up to 51 per cent was also allowed in trading companies primarily
engaged in export activities.
With a view to inject technological dynamism in the Indian industry, the Government
provided automatic approval for technological agreements related to high priority
industries and eased procedures for hiring of foreign technical expertise.
Major initiatives towards restructuring of public sector units (PSUs) were initiated, in
view of their low productivity, over staffing, lack of technological upgradation and
low rate of return. In order to raise resources and ensure wider public participation
PSUs, it was decided to offer its shareholding stake to mutual funds, financial
institutions, general public and workers.
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The Industrial Policy Statement of 1991 recognized that the Governments

intervention in investment decisions of large companies through MRTP Act had
proved to be deleterious for industrial growth. Accordingly, pre-entry scrutiny of
investment decisions of MRTP companies was abolished.
The provisions restricting mergers, amalgamations and takeovers were also repealed.
2.4.8 Industrial Policy Measures Since 1991

Since 1991, industrial policy measures and procedural simplifications have been reviewed on
an ongoing basis. Presently, there are only six industries which require compulsory licensing.
Similarly, there are only three industries reserved for the public sector. Some of important
policy measures initiated since 1991 are set out below:
Since 1991, promotion of foreign direct investment has been an integral part of
Indias economic policy. The Government has ensured a liberal and transparent
foreign investment regime where most activities are opened to foreign investment on
automatic route without any limit on the extent of foreign ownership. FDI up to 100
per cent has also been allowed under automatic route for most manufacturing
activities in Special Economic Zones (SEZs).
Equity participation up to 24 per cent of the total shareholding in small scale units by
other industrial undertakings has been allowed. The objective therein has been to
enable the small sector to access the capital market and encourage modernization,
technological up gradation, ancillarisation, sub-contracting, etc.
Under the framework provided by the Competition Act 2002, the Competition
Commission of India was set up in 2003 so as to prevent practices having adverse
impact on competition in markets.
In an effort to mitigate regional imbalances, the Government announced a new NorthEast Industrial Policy in December 1997 for promoting industrialization in the NorthEastern region.
The focus of disinvestment process of PSUs has shifted from sale of minority stakes
to strategic sales. Up to December 2004, PSUs have been divested to an extent of
Rs.478 billion.
18
2.5
2015
Problems and Prospects of Industrial Estates
Industrial land, industrial location and their effect on urban form have been the subject of
considerable study over the past century. The location of industry relative to housing, and the
oppressive density and poor conditions of worker housing near many factories in the early
part of the 20th century led to the first zoning and building codes. From Alfred Webers 1929
Theory of the Location of Industries, through the work of William Alonso, Edwin Mills in
many others theories of industrial location and urban form flourished.
In practical terms, the effects of industrial operations on surrounding communities formed the
core of environmental movement of the 1960s and 70s. With the brownfields movement
that followed, communities have begun the slow process of overcoming the legacy of
industrial pollution. With stronger environmental regulations in place, communities are
beginning to move away from the rigid separation of uses. Mixed use is becoming a staple in
planning practice. The nature of industry is changing as well. The global dispersion of
industry during the last decades of the 20 th century and beyond has redefined many urban
landscapes and labor markets.
Over the past decade, an increasing number of cities and counties have undertaken detailed
industrial land use studies. In some of the earlier studies much of the focus was on the
development of land use and economic development strategies to attract and retain industry
where possible and redevelop industrial brownfields for other uses where industrial no longer
made sense. A lot of studies were undertaken as part of the practice of planning, and not as
academic research.
Regardless of the spatial economic model that is applicable to any particular industrial
location, firms occupy facilities that respond to their business needs and opportunities. Each
firm must balance its needs, opportunities and internal resources with the endowments and
constraints present at any particular location. There is evidence that once manufacturing
moved beyond the scale of craft or cottage industries, firms sought peripheral locations and
tended to cluster in districts. (Groves, 1971; Lewis, 2004) This clustering was often due to
the presence of transportation infrastructure (roads, rails or waterways); power (water, steam,
high voltage electrical distribution); or the presence of natural resources necessary for
production (water, coal, iron, etc.). (Lewis, 2004; Muller and Groves, 2004; Ruchelman,
2007) The evidence also suggests however that firms sought to locate at a moderate distance
from established concentrations of labor due to concerns of labor unrest. The new industrial
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districts also began to specialize by industry, type of product, organization of production and
labor force in addition to their rail orientation and use of steam power.
2.6
Characteristics of Industrial Land
Given the wide variety of industrial land uses there are few characteristics that are truly
universal. Still, certain characteristics tend to cut across multiple industries. While not
universal, they are certainly prevalent. The full range of industrial land characteristics is
extensive and economic development organizations like the International Economic
Development Council and Development Alliance have attempted to standardize a list and
format to make site selection easier and more consistent across multiple locations. From the
planning perspective, the understanding of what industrial users require and value in
industrial land has most often come from surveys. Several cities have undertaken such
surveys; however the best example is clearly Seattle. Based on these surveys, the following
key characteristics have consistently emerged.
Accessibility to the markets, customers, suppliers, workers and road networks were
given more importance then access to ports, rail and transit.
Affordability of the land is the top criteria, industries are highly sensitive to land
values, rents and are therefore vulnerable to displacement if not protected.
The effects of industrial agglomeration are seen on the urban form. Clustering of
similar industries and their supplier networks have been seen all across as the
common occurrence in industrial districts.
Compatibility of the industries with non- industrial users is issue and has been the
prime reason for industrial users preferring the exclusive areas.
Industrial users often need large spaces as yards for storage and material handling.
Buildings with large bays and high ceilings are most desirable.
Many other characteristics were cited with less frequency. The studies varied widely in the
extent to which they addressed the characteristics of industrial land. San Diego was specific
in the use of such characteristics as evaluation criteria for industrial land preservation or
conversion.
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The criteria adopted for evaluation of industrial land include

1) Zoning ancillary land uses to the industrial activity
2) Transit - connectivity to the public transport
3) Physical characteristics and marketability: Plot size, surrounding, freight acess,etc..
4) Separation of various uses
5) Impact of Industrial activity on non-industrial Land Uses
6) Rent affordability of the rent levels
7) Existing and projected employment employment opportunity in the area
8) Employment Transition
9) Public facility schools, hospitals, etc
10) Environment / public health impacts
11) Brownfield impacts
12) Economic impact
13) Proximity to resource of extraordinary value Highways/ rail/ airport/ port
As per working paper no. 106 from development economics by Deepika Goel on Impact of
Infrastructure on Productivity: a case of Indian registered manufacturing after doing a
survey of the infrastructure under two major sub heads namely Economic (Electricity,
Banking, Irrigation, Transport and communication) Social (Education and Health) each
infrastructure facility was given a weightage as indices for rating the various industrial
activities. It was then found out that the infrastructure plays important role in productivity.
The economic infrastructure is capital consuming but saves on labor and intermittent input
whereas the social infrastructure in capital and labor saving but requires intermittent input.
Public provisions Versus Private provision of industrial land : a Hedonic approach
published in Land use Policy Journal at Elsevier by Salvador del saz-salazar, Leandro Garciamenendez in comunidad valenciana region of Spain studied and compared the pricing of
industrial land by private and public players from 1993 to 2000 and the rates for study were
equated as per base price of 2001. The areas were compared and analyzed by a survey and
results were analyzed. The industrialist preferred the land provided by the private de velopers
even though the land provided was costly but the services and facilities available to the
industries in the areas were world class in nature as compared to the public provision of land
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where in the land was made available at much subsidized cost b ut was located far away from
the city and did not provided for higher order infrastructure.
The Primary factors considered by industrialist in selection of land are:
1) Distance from the parent city
2) Distance from Highway
3) Size of the Plot (Full or sub divided)
The industrialist also looks at the provider weather it is a private or public sector providing
for the industrial land. It was then analyzed that the total cost of land provided by the public
sector is more than that by the private sector but the lot size provided by private sector is
smaller than the public sector so per sqm.
2.7
Industrial Area Development Guidelines in India
As per the constitution of India land is a state subject. For development of any industrial area
land is the first and foremost requirement. Industries are one of the economy generators by
not only providing employment but also act as a catalyst to the process of urbanization.To
have a better understanding about the planning of industrial areas; industrial area
development guidelines from different states were analyzed for their suitability and
adaptability to the changing scenario of industrialization. The selection of the states was done
on the basis of similar nature of industrial scenario and the availability of the guideline. The
framework of industrial area development was also taken into consideration as the
administrative setup plays important role in regulating the industrial areas. The guidelines in
the neighboring state from the available literature were referred and analyzed; every state
depending upon the scale and potential of industrialization has different state policies. To
have a better understanding guidelines from the states of Haryana, Punjab, Karnataka, Kerala
and Maharashtra are studied and compared to the prevailing guidelines in the study area
Rajasthan. The guidelines from the various states are:
2.7.1 Guidelines in state of Punjab
In the state of Punjab, Punjab Industrial Department is the apex body for regulating,
approving and setting up of industrial units across the state. The plan for setting up industrial
estate needs to be approved by a local competent authority like Municipal Corporation or
development authority at the district level declared by the directorate of industry and
commerce.
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With the proximity to NCR (National Capital Region) and good amount of water available
Punjab had potential for industrial growth and development. The private developers and
organizations stated to provide for developed industrial land to the industrialist to expedite
the process of approval of layout and have a parity in development norms across the state the
directorate of industries issued a notification no. CC/JDP/IP-2003/CLU/3497 dated 25 may
2005, having planning guidelines for development of industrial parks/ estates/ Agro parks.
The salient features of the guidelines issued were:
The minimum area for any such park shall be 10 acres.
Minimum of 60% of area to be developed as an Industrial Pocket and a maximum of

30% of area may be developed as residential pocket and 10% of the area can be
developed as commercial pocket.
Permissible saleable area shall be 65%,60% and 40% in Industrial , Residential and
commercial pocket respectively. Balance area shall be used for common facilities,
open spaces, green belt etc.
FAR and ground coverage will be as per locally applicable byelaws/regulations in the
area.
Zoning and Layout plan need to be approved by a competent authority as declared by

Director of Industries & Commerce, Punjab.
Common facilities would include roads (including approach roads), water supply,
sewerage facilities, common effluent treatment facilities, telecom networks,
electricity, provided that the facilities are used in more than 2 industrial units in the
industrial park.
The developers will need to first develop industrial estate and at least 50% industrial
plots will have to be ready for possession to the industrialist before the commercial
and housing facilities are allowed to be used/sold/allotted/ rented/leased etc.
Minimum numbers of industrial units in the park need to be five.
Infrastructure development would include roads (including approach roads) water

supply and sewerage facilities, telecom networks, common effluent treatment
facilities, parking facilities, generation and distribution of power, parks, street light
and any other such facilities of common use to carry out the industrial activity
identifiable and are to be commonly used.
Industrial Parks with residential pockets can only have non-polluting units and
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distance between industrial and other pockets need to be in accordance with

guidelines issued by Punjab Pollution Control Board.
Necessary clearances from various central/state agencies shall need to be obtained by

the developer as per statutory requirements on payment of prescribed fees as required
under the law. The Department of Industries & Commerce, Government of Punjab
will act as single nodal agency for approving and facilitating the project for getting
clearances etc. it will also facilitate in getting resolved various issues which will
relate to Government Department/Agencies.
An industrial Park shall come up as one unit at single geographical location and shall
be developed as a whole. However, public service which already exists such as road,
canal, park etc. will not be considered as break in the unity & contiguity of the park.
Benefits to industrial parks under industrial policy if provided by the central/ state
Government can be withdrawn in case the park is not developed in accordance with
the sanctioned plan within the prescribed time period.
PUNJAB
Roads and
Services
39%
Commercial
4%
Industrial
39%
Residential
18%
Fig.4: Land use division as per guidelines in Punjab
Observations:
After studying the guidelines from the notification from the state directorate of industries the
following observations are formulated:
The minimum area for setting up industrial area is notified
There is a 60-40 ratio for saleable and non-saleable area in a layout.
24
2015
The list of infrastructure facilities is well elaborated in accordance to smooth

functioning of the industrial area but the mode of operation has not been specified.
The level of infrastructure is not specified, i.e the capacity of STP, ETP or Power
station.
The process is not single window in nature so becomes tedious for the developer to
obtain number of approvals and clearances
Locational aspect of the township has not been specified.
25
2015
2.7.2 Guidelines in state of Haryana

In the state of Haryana, town and country planning department is the body responsible for
regulating, approving and of setting up of industrial areas across the state. The plan for
setting up industrial estate needs to be approved by Director, town and country planning
department.
To ensure better planned industrial estates the directorate of industries formulated and
notified the new policy regarding grant of license for the development of an industrial
colony/cyber park/cyber city via notification memo no. 7/16/2006-2TCP dated 09 July 2013.
Salient features of the guidelines are:
1. The proposed site must be accessible from a 24M wide approach road
2. The minimum area of the scheme in Hyper/ High potential zone shall be 50 Acres; in
Medium potential zone 25 Acres; and in Low potential zones 15 Acres. The zones
area prescribed as per the Haryana Development and regulation of Urban area act
1975
3. The saleable area can be a maximum of 65 percent, o f which land under Industrial ,
Residential/ housing and Commercial shall be maximum 45%, 15%
and 5%
respectively.
4. Of the 15% residential area 3% shall be reserved for industrial workers/ Labor
housing.
HARYANA
Roads and
Services
35%
Industrial
45%
Commercial
5% Residential
15%
Fig.5: Land use division as per guidelines in Haryana
26
2015
5. The residential population density to be maximum 100 PPA in plotted and 100-400
PPA in case of group housing.
6. The layout plan need to be prepared as per the norms and guidelines issued by Town
& Country Planning Department. In case the site falls in an urban Area, the layout
plan of the colony has to conform to the sectoral plan of the area. No sectoral plan
shall be amended to accommodate the colony under any circumstances.
7. An FAR of 1.5 and ground coverage of 40% of the site area shall be allowed for the
commercial component with no height restrictions subject to clearance from the
Airport Authority of India (AAI). 50% of the permissible FAR need to be utilized for
commercial activities incidental to industrial colony.
8. The colonizer shall have to complete the infrastructure facilities in the entire industrial
colony and sell at least 1/3rd of the plotted industrial area in respect of the industrial
use before he is allowed to sell the residential and commercial plots.
Observations:
After studying the guidelines from the notification from the state directorate of industries the
following observations are formulated:
a) The minimum area for setting up industrial area is notified but the minimum size of
industrial plot is not mentioned.
b) There is a 65-35 ratio for saleable and non-saleable area in a layout.
c) The list of infrastructure facilities is not provided.
d) The level of infrastructure is also not specified, i.e. the capacity of STP, ETP or
Power station.
e) The process is not single window in nature so becomes tedious for the developer to
obtain number of approvals and clearances.
f) Locational aspect of the township has not been specified.
g) Residential area for workers is reserved as 3% only which shall not be enough to
serve the needs of the planned area.
h) Norms for zoning the residential area from industrial zone are not provided.
27
2015
2.7.3 Guidelines in state of Karnataka

The current industrial areas development process in Karnataka is largely government dr iven.
The Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Board (KIADB) is the apex body for
developing industrial areas in the state. KIADB acquires land under the KIADB Act and
develops industrial areas/estates on its own and later either operates and manages the se areas
on their own or hand it over to the respective industrial association formed post development.
KIADB has been successfully developing industrial areas/estates over the years, large set of
government resources are channeled for development of these areas. KIADB works from
land acquisition to the development to the marketing and branding of the industrial areas.
In order for KIADB and the state regulates the land values of the serviced land, it was
necessary to explore the route of private sector participation in the development of these
industrial areas/estates.
Private sector participation also ensures that the expertise in development and management of
these areas/estates is brought in and that the facilities provided are world-class in nature.
For promotion and orderly development of industrial estates the KIADB has various models
for development of industrial areas:
28
2015
Table 2: Models for PPP in Karnataka

Extent of stake
Implication
The Project would be entirely under public sector

control
GoK/KIADB have limited capabilities in
marketing to tenants and management of
infrastructure
Model I
100% Stake for

KIADB
Large capital commitments will need to be made

for the development of the Project leading to funds
outflow for the government
Tenants are likely to have less comfort with regard
to public body's ability to deliver upon the worldclass infrastructure and management
The government would retain management
control, and hence attracting other equity investors
will be difficult
50-100% Stake for
Model II
Model -III
KIADB
26-50% Stake for

KIADB
Model IV
0-25% Stake for

KIADB
Model V
0% Stake for
KIADB
Future investments required would need to be

funded by KIADB to maintain majority
shareholding
Tenants are likely to have less comfort with regard
to the public body's ability to deliver upon the
world-class infrastructure and management
Management control would vest with private
sector participant. The government would have no
real operational control but would enjoy Veto
power in cases of special resolutions
Future investments will need to be funded by
KIADB to the extent of its shareholding, but the
funds requirement will be lesser than in previous
cases
KIADB would have no control on any activity of
SPC. There is only limited comfort for GoK.
The project would be equivalent to a Build Own
Operate (BOO) Structure. The entire project is
financed and managed by the private sector
participant
The government would be related only through
contract to the Project
Source: KIADB Act.
29
2015
Observations:
The state of Karnataka has set up KIADB (Karnataka Industrial Area Development Board)
which shall be the apex body to develop for the industrial areas in the state. to have private
participation the KIADB has proposed 5 models under PPP (Public Private partnership). In
the model I the complete stake is in hands of the public sector. The KIADB is supposed to
plan and develop the area as per the fund flow from the state or central government. It is
feared that due to constraints in the fund flow the level of infrastructure available in the areas
so developed will not be of world class category. In the model II 50-100% stake remains in
hands of public sector, with the major shareholding in hands of public sector the management
wrights remains with it so the major fear shall be to find equity share holder. Future funding
for up gradation or extension of infrastructure facility may be difficult. Model III 25-50 %
stake remain in hands of the private sector and so does the management wrights. The KIADB
will have the power to plan the layout and will also be a shareholder for future extension in
infrastructure. As the amount of funding required from the public sector shall be less the
quality of infrastructure is expected to be of international standard. Model IV 0-25% stake
of the public sector in development of the industrial area. The public sector shall have NO
role in management but shall have the say in development of layout for the comfort of the
government. Model V there is NO stake in hands of the public sector, this model can only
be applicable on BOO Build own operate where the industrialist himself is developing the
area for its own use. Some of the salient features of this policy are:
In the state of Karnataka the developer can participate in the development process of
industrial areas in PPP model.
The developer needs to be a partner with KIADB which is the nodal regulating
agency.
The KIADB shall have the rights for planning the industrial layout and provide for the
physical infrastructure.
Involvement of KIADB as a partner is mainly done to ensure that to make profit non
saleable areas like roads, open green spaces and services are not compromised on.
30
2015
2.7.4 Guidelines in state of Kerala

Southern India has IT sector as one of the major potential. Existence of international IT
companies like Microsoft, Genpact, Infosys, Wipro, etc. contribute the major portion of the
GDP of the state. Availability of the skilled manpower at lower pay scale has been the major
force of attractions to the multinationals. IT industry in India is expected to in the near future,
looking at the opportunities available, to facilitate the growth of the IT sector in the state,
state government of Kerala has a target of developing 50 million square feet of area for IT
and processing area by 2020. For the same relying on the government agencies was not
possible as mobilization of funds would have been a difficult and tedious task. The
government then came up with a policy to invite for private land developers to develop
integrate IT parks to facilitate the IT sector in the state.
For the same IT area Act has been set up and guidelines for developing these areas area:
1) The minimum land available for development must be 20 Acres under single
ownership and must not be a swampy or cultivatable land definedunder the kerala
conservation of paddy land and wet land act 2008.
2) The developer must make provisions for processing area along with space for
housing, Commercial area, Social, Institutional area, etc.
3) The developer needs to provide and manage the sewage treatment plant and solid
waste management system in the area.
4) The developer must ensure for the water requirement of the area.
5) The area must develop and start processing within 7 years of approval.
6) The clearance to the development will be given under single window clearance
system.
7) The park must have a total 1million square feet of built up area for processing.
8) The height of the buildings shall be as per KMBR/KPBR and mee thte fire safety
norms.
9) The park must have the capacity to provide for 10000 jobs.
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2015
Observation:
The policy is mainly to promote the IT sector in the state which is a service sector
enterprise consisting of processing area, residential area, commercial area and the
other supporting activities.
The policy do not specifies the norms or guidelines for proportion of saleable and
non-saleable area so it is feared that as the residential and commercial spaces are the
most profitable to the developers the developers may plan for them the most.
The non-saleable area mainly include the spaces for roads, open green area and
services, the area for the same in the layout shall be reserved to the minimum.
The expected services to be provided by the developer have not been specified.
Hence, to keep a check on the provisions shall pose to be a challenge.
32
2015
2.7.5 Guidelines in state of Maharashtra

In the state of Maharashtra, CIDCO (City and Industrial Development Corporation),
Government organization, is the apex body for development of industrial estates. CIDCO as
organization develops and also maintains the area i.e. looks for the management and smooth
functioning of the industrial area.
As it is the sole body for development, guidelines are not in terms of overall layout but as
space designing norms given by MIDC (Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation)
by urban development department in notification No. TPB/4395/353/CR-135/95/UD-11.
The norms are for overall development starting from acquisition of land to the construction of
industrial unit. Some of the salient features of the planning norms in the state for
development of industrial estate are:
1) The minimum area to be developed as industrial zone is 40 Hectares.
2) The minimum width of the approach road shall be:
Table 3: Minimum road width in front of plot
3) The housing for workers and LIG to be developed up to one story with 3M access
pathway not serving more than 50 M or 8 houses.
4) 10% of the total subdivided land shall be reserved for open land for Industrial plots
more than 1 hectare and residential plot more than 0.5 Hectare.
5) In the industrial layout the minimum size of open green space shall be 750 Sq.M and
125 Sq. M in residential zone.
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2015
6) For the plots of size more than 4 hectares shall be excluded while calculating for the
services and open space in the public layout and shall need to follow development
guidelines applicable on large scale industries.
7) The overhead electrical lines supplying electricity in the area, the minimum clear
distance for NO construction zone shall be:
Table 4: Minimum clearance from overhead electrical supply line
8) The minimum space for parking provision in the common areas shall be as per the
table given below:
Table 5: Parking space requirement for different vehicles.
S.No.
Type of vehicle
Minimum size / area of

parking space
Motor Vehicle
2.5 m X 5.5m
Scooter, Motor-Cycle 3 Sq. m
Bicycle
1.4 Sq.m
Transport vehicle
3.75m X 7.5m
Truck with Trailer
5m X 20m
Source:
34
2015
Observation:
CIDCO is the apex body for the development of industrial areas in the state. It develops the
area not only as industrial zone but as a self-sustaining city in itself. CIDCO being a
government undertaking organization even after the development of the premise keeps the
management with itself. This helps the industrialist to ask for up gradation or better quality of
service infrastructure.
As in the state the private developers are not allowed to provide for developed industrial land
the guidelines are formulated more towards the provisions then in terms of land use.
The minimum size of the plot is not specified as the allotment process is such that it takes
into account the requirement of a particular industry type.
35
2015
2.7.6 Guidelines in state of Rajasthan

In the state of Rajasthan, RIICO (Rajasthan State Industrial Development & Investment
Corporation Limited) is the apex body for development of development of industrial areas.
But, with the new industrial policy in place the private developers could also provide for
industrial developed land. This move demanded for a supporting guideline for development;
Rajasthan township policy was made applicable to regulate the development. The private
developers wanted to have the maximum saleable area the provision for higher order of
infrastructure facilities was crunched. Ministry of mines and Industry, Rajasthan issued a
notification in the same regard on 03 Oct. 2011 via letter no. MOUD /P3(77) /3/10 part-I.
The salient features for the existing guidelines in Rajasthan state are:
1) Maximum 70 per cent area can be saleable and 30 Per cent to be reserved for roads
and services.
2) 40-65 per cent of the land must be utilized for the primary land use (Industrial), 3-5
per cent for the residential and 3 per cent for the commercial activity.
3) Within the 30 per cent non saleable area 5 per cent to be reserved for green open
spaces and 10 per cent for infrastructure services.
40-65
70
30
03
5-15
5
15
10
Fig.6: Division of land use for development of industrial areas of Rajasthan
36
2015
4) Smallest subdivided plot size for industry shall be 500 Sq. M.

5) The 500 Sq. M plot to be on 12m wide road, 500-1500 Sq.m plot to be located on
18M wide road and plot size more than 1500 Sq. m on 24M wide road.
Observation:
i) The minimum area for setting up industrial area is not notified but the minimum size
of industrial plot is 500 Sq. mt.
j) There is a 70-30 ratio for saleable and non-saleable area in a layout.
k) The list of infrastructure facilities is not provided.
l) The level of infrastructure is also not specified, i.e. the capacity of STP, ETP or
Power station.
m) The process is not single window in nature so becomes tedious for the developer to
obtain number of approvals and clearances.
n) Locational aspect of the township has not been specified. it can be developed at any
location after approval from district collector in case of outside the development
authority area, or permission from DIC in case of Jaipur.
o) Residential area for workers is reserved as 5% only which shall not be enough to
p) Norms for zoning the residential area from industrial zone are not provided.
q) The proposal of public private partnership is not given in the policy.
r) The management of infrastructure and service post development of the area has been
specified in the policy.
37
2015
Table 6: Comparison of industrial area development guidelines from states in India.

STATE/
PARAMETERS
Development agency
Applicable on
Minimum Land area
Area Division
(Complete area)
Area Division
(saleable)
PUNJAB
Karnataka
KERALA
KIADB
Industrial Parks/
estates/Agro parks by
private developers
10 Acres
On development of industrial
colony /cyber park/cyber city
On industrial estate/industrial
township
As per the potential of the city

High / Hyper potential 50 acre
Mid potential 25 Acre
Low potential 15 Acre
10 Hectares
Industries 60%
Residential 30%
Commercial 10%
Saleable 65%
Infrastructure 35%
Of the divided pocket

Industrial 65%
Residential 60%
Commercial - 40%
Of the 65% saleable

Industry 45% (min.)
Residential 15%( Max.) of
which 3% for workers
Commercial 5% (max.)
granted by director town and
country planning
Approval To be
seeked From
Local competent authority

declared by director of
industries & commerce
Punjab
Infrastructure
development
includes
Roads, Water supply/

sanitation/ drain
Common effluent treatment
plant
Power distribution
Parking,Park
Street lights
Other Norms
Date
Source
Haryana
Not mentioned
Residential density to be 100

PPA.
25 may 2005
Notification by Punjab
industrial department
notification no.
CC/JDP/IP2003/CLU/3497
From the Board setup by the

KIADB in accordance with DIC
09 July 2013
Principal Secretary to Govt.
Haryana, Town and Country
Planning Department.
Memo. No. 7/16/2006-2TCP
KIDBA has 5 models for

industrial development. The
private has 4 models for
development in which stake is
shared by KIDBA, only single
factory can be built without the
partnership.
KIDBA act.
REMARK
Rajasthan
RIICO
Above 10 hectares
Up to 10 hectares
Guidelines to setup private

integrated IT parks and High
tech parks on IT policy 2012
20 Acres
Industrial area
development
Township policy
Township Policy
Processing area
Commercial, housing, social
infrastructure, educational
institutions etc.
50% built-up needs to be
processing area.
70% saleable
30% for facilities
Saleable 65%
Infrastructure 35%
Saleable 60%
Infrastructure 40%
40-65% for the primary

Land Use
5-15% - residential
3% commercial
Of 65%
Industry 40-45%
Residential 20%
(5% for workers)
Commercial 3%
54% plotted
development can
divided in industrial
and residential
6% commercial
Kerala industrial single window

clearance board.
DIC in Jaipur
Collector in other
districts
Developer is responsible for

development and maintenance
of STP and solid waste
management system.
Must have proven sources of
water to fulfil the requirement.
30% facilities (5% open)

and 10% for
infrastructure.
Must develop within 7 years.
500 SQM plot on 12M

road
500-1500 plot on 18M
road
More than 1500 plot on
24M road
3 April 2013
GO (Ms) N0. 10/2013/ITD
03 Oct. 2011
MOUD /P3(77) /3/10
part-I
Notification
Not specified
The minimum project area is

specified as it ensures the
feasibility for infrastructure
facility needed in the industrial
area.
In case of industrial estate the
proportion of nonsalable area
is higher up to 35% - 40%.
The primary land use is
industrial, residential and
commercial.
In Punjab, Haryana and

rajasthan the approval is
granted by the local authority,
where as in Karnataka the
approval is via board setup by
DIC
Percentage non saleable area is
given but NO detail of
infrastructure provision as to
how much area for a particular
activity must be reserved is not
given.
The Minimum lot size and
road width for industrial area
is given in RIICO but not in
any other states. The model for
industrial area development in
Karnataka ensure public
participation in the schemes.
2010
Township policy
2010
Township policy
Source: Prepared by the scholar after studying the guidelines from different states.
Every state has government

undertaking agency for
provision of industrial
38
2015
2.7.7 Inferences
The industrial area development guidelines from the states of Kerala, Karnataka, Haryana,
Punjab, Maharashtra and Rajasthan have been studied by the author and observations have
been made. Every state depending on the scale of industrialization and the prospects in the
region amends the policy guidelines to facilitate the development. The guidelines also take
into account the administrative systems prevalent in the state, the policy guidelines in the
state are constituted keeping the same in mind.
In the states of Haryana, Punjab and Rajasthan the state has a government organization or a
government undertaking agency looking at the development but are inviting the private
developers to contribute in this sector hence the policy guidelines are in terms of land
divisions and mandatory service provisions.
In the state of Kerala, the main thrust is given to the service industry. Hence the guidelines
are formulated to facilitate the growth of the same.
In the state of Karnataka, KIADB is a nodal agency and the apex institution for development
of industrial areas. The KIADB is the sole organization to draft and approve the layouts
hence there are NO guidelines prepared. The layout plan is discussed and approved by a 5
member committee keeping in mind the prospects of industrialization at the location.
In the state of Maharashtra the CIDCO is the body which developes and administrates the
industrial areas, hence the guidelines in formulated to develop the industrial area in the
similar manner.
With the differences in the administrative setup there is a difference in the formulation of the
guideline. Even though some of the common observations are:
s) The minimum area for setting up industrial area and the minimum size of indivisual
industrial plot is specified in the guideline..
t) The ratio for saleable and non-saleable area in a layout is seen as a generic planning
norm.
u) The list of infrastructure facilities expected at the neighborhood level is specified.
v) The level of infrastructure is to be specified in, i.e. the capacity of STP, ETP or Power
station.
w) The process of approval must be a single window system as it becomes tedious for the
developer to obtain number of approvals and clearances.
39
2015
x) Locational aspect of the township must be specified and it should be in coherence to

the development plan of the region
y) Residential area for workers is reserved as 5% only which shall not be enough to
z) Norms for zoning the residential area from industrial zone are not provided.
aa) The proposal of public private partnership is not given in the policy.
bb) The management of infrastructure and service post development of the area has been
specified in the policy.
2.8
Industrial Area Layouts
After studying the policies from the various states and understanding the various
administrative setups there was a need to examine the layouts of the industrial area developed
in the study area. The industrial area development guideline has been amended from time to
time to favor the industrial development in the area. Hence attempt was made to examine the
layouts which have been developed in the recent past.
The industrial area layouts of Mansarovar Industrial area, Bagru Industrial area, Bassi
industrial area, Sitapura industrial area have been developed by RIICO a nd Mangalam
industrial park- Delhi Road and Mangalam Industrial city- Sikar Road developed by the
private developers in the recent past have been studied and analyzed by the researcher. They
have been mainly examined to understand the mandatory and optiona l provisions of services
for the industrial area. The land parcel size for physical infrastructure (Electrical, Water
supply, drainage, sewage, etc) and social infrastructure (Health facility, School, police
station, post office, bank, etc.) have been observed. The land use distribution for the various
land uses is compared to find the general suitable norm for the development of industrial
areas in the study area. Only the layouts from the study area are compared as the industrial
typology which is expected to flourish in the near future shall be same and so does the
requirement of infrastructure.
40
2015
2.8.1 Mansarovar industrial area

The Mansarovar industrial area have been developed by RIICO in 1985. The government
land was made available to RIICO on which RIICO developed industrial plots. The layout is
well planned to provide for infrastructure facilities to the industrialist. Mansarovar industrial
area is planned to have 286 plots for industries. The plot size varies from 500 Sq.m to 4000
Sq.m. as the area was planned in 1985 residential area was not permitted in industrial scheme
hence only industrial and commercial areas area seen. Land parcels for petrol pump, Weigh
Bridge, and Goods vehicle parking have been reserved in the layout. Area for services
include infrastructure facilities for electrical, water supply have not been marked but area for
the social facilities like police post, health care facility canteen, post office have been
demarcated in the layout plan of Mansarovar industrial area.
Fig. 7: Layout plan of mansarovar industrial area .

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2.8.2 Bassi phase i &ii

The Bassi Phase I&II industrial area have been developed by RIICO in 1995. The
government land was made available to RIICO on which RIICO developed industrial plots.
The layout is planned to provide for infrastructure facilities to the industrialist. Bassi Phase
I&II industrial area is planned to have 179 plots for industries. The plot size varies from 500
Sq.m to 5 acres as the area was planned in 1991 residential area was not per mitted in
industrial scheme hence only industrial and commercial areas area seen other than industrial.
Land parcels for service infrastructure have been reserved in the layout. But, Area for
services facilities like electrical, water supply, police post, health care facility canteen, post
office have not been demarcated in the layout plan of Bassi Phase I&II industrial area.
Fig.8: Layout plan of mansarovar industrial area
42
2015
2.8.3 Bagru phase I

The Bagru Ph-I industrial area have been developed by RIICO in 1991. The government land
was made available to RIICO on which RIICO developed industrial plots. The layout is well
planned to provide for infrastructure facilities to the industrialist. Bagru Ph-I industrial area is
planned to have 232 plots for industries. The plot size varies from 500 Sq.m to 10,000 Sq.m.
as the area was planned in 1991 residential area was not permitted in industrial scheme hence
only industrial and commercial areas area seen other than industrial. Land parcels for petrol
pump, Weigh Bridge, have been reserved in the layout. Area for services include
infrastructure facilities for electrical, water supply, police post, health care facility canteen,
post office have been demarcated in the layout plan of Bagru Ph-I industrial area.
Fig. 9: Layout plan of Bagru Ph-I industrial area
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2015
2.8.4 Bindayaka
The Bindayaka industrial area have been developed by RIICO in 1991. The government land
was made available to RIICO on which RIICO developed industrial plots. The layout is well
planned to provide for infrastructure facilities to the industrialist. Bindayaka industrial area is
planned to have 136 plots for industries. The plot size varies from 500 Sq.m to 2000 Sq.m.
and one special plot of 7500 Sq. m is planned in the area. As the layout is planned in 1991 at
that time the residential areas were not provided but already existed in the vicinity. The land
for future expansion has been developed as residential areas and the plots have been sold by
RIICO. Land parcels for petrol pump, Weigh Bridge, have been reserved in the layout. Area
for services include infrastructure facilities for electrical, water supply, police post, health
care facility canteen, post office have been demarcated in the layout plan of Bindayaka
industrial area.
Fig. 10: Layout plan of Bagru Ph-I industrial area
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2015
2.8.5 Sitapura
The Sitapura industrial area have been developed by RIICO in four phases from 1998 to
2009. Initially the government land was made available to RIICO on which RIICO developed
industrial plots but more land was acquired by RIICO for the future phases of industrial areas.
The layout is well planned to provide for infrastructure facilities to the industrialist. Sitapura
industrial area is planned to have over 1300 plots for industries. The plot size varies from 500
Sq.m to 5000 Sq.m. and some special plots of 3-5 Acres are planned in the area. As the layout
was planned in different phases residential areas were provided in the later phases and in the
acquired land two village settlements fall within the industrial area which area the residential
pockets. Indtitunal area has been developed by RIICO at one end of the industrial area to
facilitate the higher education in state. Land parcels for petrol pump, Weigh Bridge, have
been reserved in the layout. Area for services include infrastructure facilities for electrical,
water supply, police post, health care facility canteen, post office have been demarcated in
layout plan of Sitapura industrial area.
Fig.11 : Layout of Sitapura industrial area
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2015
2.8.6 Mangalam industrial park Delhi road

The Mangalam industrial park has been developed by the Mangalam developers on the main
NH8 highway connecting Jaipur and Delhi. This has been developed after the new industrial
policy was introduced in the state in 2012. the area has been developed to facilitate
industrialist. Spread over a total area of 20 hectares having a total of 125 units. The
provisions for facilities and amenities are marked in the layout and with the development
done by the private developer higher order infrastructure facilities are assured by them.
Fig.12: Layout of Mangalam industrial park on sikar road

46
2015
2.8.7 Mangalam industrial city Sikar road

The Mangalam industrial city has been developed by the Mangalam developers on the sikar
road highway connecting Jaipur and sikar. This has been developed after the new industrial
policy was introduced in the state in 2012. The area has been developed to facilitate
industrialist. Spread over a total area of 20 hectares having a total of 122 units. The
provisions for facilities and amenities are marked in the layout and with the development
done by the private developer higher order infrastructure facilities are assured by them.
Fig.13: Layout of Mangalam industrial park on sikar road
47
2015
Table 7: Comparison of area statements of different industrial layouts.

Area
Mansarovar
BASSI PH I
& II
BAGRU PH I
Mangalam Ind.
City - sikar rd.
BINDAYAKA
Mangalam IND.
Park
Sitapura
Total scheme area
375348.0
526576.1
921872.4
595592.5
219839.0
237286.0
21430000
Total developed area
375348.0
495091.6
852509.4
438713.2
219839.0
237286.0
18930000
23245.4
337912.0
504197.0
246256.1
148446.9
128290.4
12763742
% saleable
61.9
68.3
59.1
56.1
67.5
54.1
67
Non saleable area
35.4
157179.7
348312.4
192457.2
71392.1
108995.6
6166258
% Non-Saleable
under buffer/nalla/
drain
Industrial & Instituite
38.1
31.7
40.9
43.9
32.5
45.9
33
31484.5
69363.0
1.4
206909.7
333865.1
489466.5
243256.2
129330.3
89514.0
12618359.4
% industrial area
55.1
67.4
57.4
55.4
58.8
37.7
66.66
Commercial area
14566.7
2948.0
11654.9
3723.1
6567.0
6136.7
350886
2.5
0.6
1.4
0.8
3.0
2.6
1.854
12549.6
32200.0
497859.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
5.7
13.6
2.63
92805.0
105865.6
236255.1
108172.3
58776.0
72016.0
3512272.2
24.7
21.4
27.7
24.7
26.7
30.35
18.55
Open / green area
2.0
34560.1
82798.6
26802.3
8437.7
7005.3
420624.6
% open / green area
2.1
7.0
9.7
6.1
3.8
2.95
SERVICES
15.6
17852.8
32334.3
56759.4
4178.5
30414.1
1514400
% SERVICES
15.6
3.6
3.8
12.9
1.9
12.82
Saleable area
% commercial area
Residential area
% residential
Road area
% road area
Source: Compiled by the author from approved layouts procured from RIICO and JDA
AVERAGE
62.07
37.93
2500000
56.95
1.82
3.13
24.87
4.84
8.39
(*All areas area in Square Meter)

48
2015
Observations
The industrial layouts of the different industrial areas were studied deom the study area and
were examined by the researcher. After critical examination of the layouts the following
observations can be made:
In the Mansarovar industrial area almost 38% of the area is non-saleable. As the
infrastructure facilities need to be of the higher order in the industrial areas Road network,
Services and open green space occupy 24.7, 15.6 and 2.1 per cent respectively. The green
open spaces in the layout are less as they are only 2.1% to the total developed area.
The saleable area constitutes of 61.9 per cent of which industrial and commercial are 55.1
and 2.5 per cent respectively. Commercially viable institutional activities have been
considered in saleable areas like hospitals and institutes.
In the Bassi phase I & II layout for industrial area almost 32% of the area is non-saleable. As
the infrastructure facilities need to be of the higher order in the industrial areas Road network,
Services and open green space occupy 21.4, 3.6 and 7.0 per cent respectively. The land for
services in the layout is less as they are only 3.6% to the total developed area.
and 0.6 per cent respectively.
In the Bagru phase I in the layout for industrial area almost 40% of the area is non-saleable.
As the infrastructure facilities need to be of the higher order in the industrial areas Road
network, Services and open green space occupy 27.7, 3.8 and 9.7 per cent respectively. The
land for services in the layout is less as they are only 3.8% to the total developed area.
and 1.4 per cent respectively.
In the Bindayaka industrial area almost 43% of the area is non-saleable. As the infrastructure
facilities need to be of the higher order in the industrial areas Road network, Services and
open green space occupy 24.7, 12.9 and 6.1 per cent respectively. The saleable area
constitutes of 56.1 per cent of which industrial and commercial are 55.1 and 0.8 per cent
respectively.
In the Sitapura phase I in the layout for industrial area almost 33% of the area is non-saleable.
As the infrastructure facilities need to be of the higher order in the industrial areas Road
network, Services and open green space occupy 18.55, 8 and 2 per cent respectively. The
green open spaces in the layout are less as they are only 2.0% to the total developed area.
49
2015
The saleable area constitutes of 67 per cent of which industrial and commercial are 66.66 and
1.82 per cent respectively.
In the Mangalam Industrial park on Delhi road almost 46% of the area is non-saleable. As
Services and open green space occupy 30.25, 12.82 and 2.95 per cent respectively. The green
open spaces in the layout are less as they are only 2.95% to the total developed area.
The saleable area constitutes of 54.1 per cent of which industrial, commercial and residential
areas are 37.7, 2.6 and 13.6 per cent respectively.
In the Mangalam Industrial city on sikar road almost 32.5% of the area is non-saleable. As
Services and open green space occupy 26.7, 1.9 and 3.8 per cent respectively. To make the
project commercially viable the non-saleable areas for services and open greens have been
curtailed to only 1.9 and 3.8 % respectively.
The saleable area constitutes of 67.5 per cent of which industrial, commerc ial and residential
areas are 58.8, 3.0 and 5.7 per cent respectively.
After the study of the layouts it can be analyzed that:
The salable area is around 62% of the developed area. This includes residential,
commercial and Institutional areas.
The average non saleable areas constitute to 38% of the developed area which
accounts for Roads, Services and Open areas where the maximum area is under roads
to about 25% , the area under services is around 8 percent and the area under open
green spaces required need to be around 5 percent.
The industrial areas usually have high level of pollution in the area, due to which the
residential areas were not allowed to be provided in industrial areas until 2008, now
residential areas up to 15% (5% for industrial workers) can be provided.
Commercial areas are needed by the industrialist, average of 1.8% have been seen ,
which can be maximum up to 3%.
In industrial area higher order of road hierarchy is needed, so approximately 25% area
is under roads.
Open and green spaces constitute to around 5%.
50
3.0
2015
STUDY AREA
The famous city of Jaipur is the capital of Rajasthan and is universally renowned as the Pink
City", and pink it is, with beautiful constructed palaces, havelis, forts and the walled city.
Jaipur which means the city of victory was built exactly 273 years back and is 262 km from
Delhi (Capital of India). A strong wall encircles the old city even today the wall can be seen
which is the significance of formidable strength to protect the people living within it.
3.1
Physical Characteristics of Jaipur
3.1.1 Geographical location and regional setting

Jaipur is located on the eastern part of Rajasthan is one of the 33 dis tricts in the State. Jaipur
is the largest city of Rajasthan by land and population is also the district headquarter. Jaipur
is divided into 13 tehsils namely Amber, Chomu, Jamwa Ramgarh, Shahpura, Viratnagar,
Kotputli, Dudu, Phagi, Phulera, Bassi, Chaksu, Sanganer and Jaipur.
Fig. 14: Political map of Rajasthan
51
2015
Fig. 15: Political map of Rajasthan
Jaipur is considered to be one amongst the leading district in the industrial sector of the State,
this is mainly due to its centralized location and also being the Capital city it is convenient
approach by rail and roads from all the important trade centres of the State as well as of the
country. The city lies on the Delhi- Ahmedabad rail route. The NH-8 and NH- 11 intersect at
Jaipur and NH 12 leading to Jabalpur starts from Jaipur. Sanganer airport lies towards south
of the city.
3.1.2 Physical Features
The city of Jaipur is surrounded by the aravali range in the north of the city which is a
ecological zone due to which the city has had developed towards the south direction.
52
2015
3.1.3 Climate
Jaipur has a composite climate; all the seasons can be seen in the city. it is cold winters, hot
summers and Rainy in Monsoon. The mean maximum temperature in summer is around
40.5C and mean average temperature in winter is around 8.2C. Maximum rainfall in the
area happens during monsoon months of July and August.
Fig.16 Average mean monthly temperatures and rainfall in Jaipur.
Source: Climate of Jaipur, IMD
3.1.4 Land use pattern

Jaipur, the capital city of Rajasthan is one amongst the 10 largest cities of India and the first
planned walled city. The city was planned by Vidhyadhar Bhattyacharyajee in 1727 at the
time of Raja Sawai Jai sing II. city grew inside the walled city before independence but after
independence the city grew outside the walled city area. The first areas to be developed were
C- Scheme & Raja Park. Raja Park was developed mainly to accommodate refugees which
came from Pakistan after portion.
53
2015
Table 8: Existing land use as per 2011 master plan boundary.
Source: Jaipur development plan - 2025
Since then three development plans for the city have been made 1991, 2011 and 2025. The
total city area with reference to existing land use as per the 2011 master plan boundary is
32685 Hectares, the total developed area of Jaipur city is 21141 Hectares of which 66.22%
was under residential landuse, 3.45 under commercial, 7.57 under Industrial, 1.61 under
government and semi government, 2.12 under recreational, 2.93 is mixed landuse, 5.68 under
public and semi-public, and 10.42% under circulation.
54
2015
Fig.17 Existing Land use plan of Jaipur
Source: Jaipur development plan 2025
3.1.5 City area

Jaipur Metropolitan area is 2940 Sq. Km. Jaipur is the 10th largest city of India according to
census of 2011. The city area as per the master plan is divided into three zones urbanized
(U1), Urbanizable (U2) and peripheral control belt (U3).
55
2015
Table 9: Land utilization in JDA region
Source: Master Plan 2025, Jaipur
The industrial areas developed are outside the urban area, but with the urban sprawl and
growth of the city the industrial areas have come closer to or have become a part of the city.
Fig: 18 Map Showing Land Utilization in Jaipur Region; Source: Master Plan 2025, Jaipur
56
3.2
2015
Demography
3.2.1 City population

Jaipur being the capital city of Rajasthan is the most populated city in the state. in the 2011
census the city population was recorded as 30,46,136 persons. This is expected to increase to
about 64 lakhs by 2025.
JAIPUR CITY POPULATION

3500000
Population
3000000
2500000
2000000
1500000
1000000
500000
0
Series1
1951
1961
1971
1981
1991
2001
2011
Series2
291,000
403,400
636,800
1,004,700
1,518,200
2,322,575
3,046,163
Fig. 19: Graph showing growth in city population.
3.2.2 Municipal corporation

Jaipur has a city population of over 10 lakhs; hence, Jaipur Municipal Corporation is
functional in the area. in 2011 the municipal corporation had 77 wards, in the municipal
elections help in 2014 the list was increased to 91, the ward wise population , area and
density is as follows:
Table 10: ward wise population of Jaipur city
Ward Number
Ward wise
Population
Jaipur (M Corp.) WARD NO.-0001
30573
6.820
681.97
Ward
Density
(PPH)
45
30434
5.991
599.14
51
31818
9.943
994.34
32
28476
1.228
122.75
232
28383
1.626
162.62
175
32780
1.592
159.22
206
38574
3.395
339.51
114
30743
2.520
251.98
122
38031
3.411
341.12
111
Area_(sq
km )
Ward Area
(in hactare)
57
2015
10
40360
2.444
244.44
165
11
35941
3.472
347.18
104
12
30080
1.297
129.71
232
13
44094
2.352
235.16
188
14
35507
2.630
263.00
135
15
33022
4.474
447.41
74
16
36536
8.882
888.19
41
17
37378
9.610
961.03
39
18
34312
2.634
263.39
130
19
32688
4.481
448.08
73
20
33776
2.000
200.02
169
21
38790
6.581
658.09
59
22
34991
4.286
428.57
82
23
37987
0.864
86.42
440
24
28305
1.855
185.54
153
25
33158
2.329
232.88
142
26
30525
3.782
378.20
81
27
29102
0.790
79.02
368
28
29533
0.770
77.04
383
29
35374
2.298
229.75
154
30
34437
1.297
129.67
266
31
32570
2.187
218.74
149
32
32047
2.341
234.14
137
33
32603
6.104
610.43
53
34
32831
7.889
788.91
42
35
42565
8.701
870.12
49
36
41846
3.418
341.81
122
37
42082
4.919
491.87
86
38
29422
2.645
264.52
111
39
40479
2.783
278.31
145
40
30043
2.269
226.95
132
41
31961
2.373
237.32
135
42
29303
1.570
157.05
187
43
31459
1.732
173.21
182
44
31149
3.681
368.09
85
45
35676
3.168
316.83
113
46
31934
5.674
567.44
56
47
27345
8.440
844.04
32
48
30748
14.506
1450.64
21
49
32195
18.114
1811.44
18
50
37725
5.875
587.55
64
51
37895
10.737
1073.75
35
58
2015
52
32547
2.498
249.83
130
53
29333
1.394
139.42
210
54
28368
5.647
564.71
50
55
46203
2.216
221.59
209
56
26874
1.211
121.09
222
57
37137
1.435
143.48
259
58
36052
2.767
276.72
130
59
32926
5.776
577.64
57
60
30315
3.165
316.49
96
61
30213
1.599
159.88
189
62
29742
5.207
520.74
57
63
35374
11.574
1157.42
31
64
36892
1.496
149.60
247
65
35567
0.744
74.40
478
66
28953
0.522
52.23
554
67
35878
1.729
172.94
207
68
31652
2.627
262.68
120
69
33511
0.364
36.38
921
70
37713
0.367
36.68
1028
71
28690
0.494
49.40
581
72
30618
0.332
33.19
923
73
31426
0.578
57.79
544
74
30555
0.585
58.53
522
75
30247
0.450
45.03
672
76
30415
0.843
84.26
361
77
30790
0.399
39.91
771
78
31230
0.304
30.38
1028
79
32265
0.837
83.74
385
80
35508
1.169
116.92
304
81
41738
0.611
61.14
683
82
43554
3.197
319.70
136
83
28794
1.921
192.10
150
84
26302
1.616
161.64
163
85
26950
0.519
51.95
519
86
36945
0.476
47.64
775
87
28803
0.860
86.04
335
88
27418
2.063
206.26
133
89
29919
2.473
247.27
121
90
29130
7.110
711.01
41
91
50030
15.479
1547.91
32
Source: Census 2011
59
2015
Fig. 20: Revised ward map of Jaipur, 2013;
Source: Nagar Nigam Jaipur.
60
2015
3.2.3 Employment
Jaipur is an economically vibrant city. The main strengths of the city are Tourism, trade and
commerce and local handicrafts industries. As per the town directory, census of India in the
Jaipur region only 3% of the workforce is engaged in primary sector with 32.3% in
Secondary sector and major workforce involved in tertiary sector 63.9%.
Table 11: Workforce participation in Jaipur
Source: Town Directory , Census of India.
3.3
Infrastructure
Industries play important role in the economy of a country and region. Industries have their
specific needs for infrastructure and demand for the social facilities to facilitate the workers.
Infrastructure can mainly be divided into, Physical, Social and Economic Infrastructure. The
infrastructure requirements include:
3.3.1
Physical infrastructure:
3.3.1.1 Water supply:

Water is one of the most essential needs of the human society. Keeping the same in mind the
walled city of Jaipur has a water supply system fed by ground water and water from the lakes
was pooled in via water channels to the walled city.
As the population increased the demand for water also increased and the water from Ramgarh
dam was pumped to the residents of Jaipur but due to modificatio ns in the catchment area of
the dam, and diversion of natural flow of water the dam went dry around 1999 creating acute
shortage of water. Then the water from bisalpur dam has been made available to fulfil the
shortage.
The Ground water as a resource is very good in Jaipur city but due to over exploitation of the
resource the water table is decreasing. Overall Jaipur city has scarcity of water as a resource.
61
2015
Table 12: Brief of water supply situation in Jaipur.

City Population 2001
23.74 lakh
City Population 2011
31.12 Lakh
Population connected with piped water
29.70 Lakh
Total requirement
4645 Lakh litres
Water availability
3632 Lakh Litres
Tubewells
884 Lakh Litres
Bisalpur
Lakh Litres
Handpumps
10 Lakh Litres
Tube wells
15 Lakh Litres
Water supply per capita per day
125 Litres
Source: PHED Jaipur.
Currently the main source of water for Jaipur is Ground water and Bisalpur Dam as the
Ramgrh dam, which was the prime source of water until the last decade has dried up due to
encroachments and diversions made in the catchment area.
Table 13: Status of water supply in Jaipur urban area (in MLD)
YEAR
Surface water
Ground Water
Total
1980
27.00 (Ramgarh Lake)
108.00
135.00
1985
136.35
165.60
1990
152.90
174.6
1995
209.00
220.5
2000
300
332.00
2005
NIL
328.00
328.00
2010
50.00 (Ramgarh)
300.00
350.00
Source: Jaipur City, Rajasthan, Manoj Shrivastava & S. K. Gupta, CGWB, Jaipur
62
2015
There are great distribution is losses within the system and water metering either absent or
broken at water receivers. According to the Public Health and Engineering Department there
are a total of 390,893 water connections with 352,393 working connections, 384,058 metered
connections, 6,835 flat rate connections, 329,093 domestic connections, 51,246 nondomestic connections, 3,719 industrial connections, and 1,170 public stand posts. The water
supplied to them is via clean water reservoirs using the ground water, which are maintained
by PHED.
3.3.1.2 Drainage
The district of Jaipur is drained by a number of rainy rivers of which Ban Ganga and Sabi
area important. River banganga originates in North of aravali hills, near arnasar and bairath in
Jaipur district. It flows towards the south up to the village ghat, then east through partly hilly
and partly plain terrain. The total length of the river is 240 Km.
For the city drainage, Aminasha Nallah which starts near vidhyadhar nagar flows across the
walled city, C- Scheme, Lal Kothi, Gopal Pura, Mansarovar, Sanganer, Sitapura and flows
out of the city. The open drains from the municipal areas open into this channel taking care of
the drainage in the city.
3.3.1.3 Solid waste generation
A Total of 968 MT of municipal solid waste is generated in the Jaipur district. Of which
Jaipur Municipal Corporation produces around 900 MT/ day. The waste produced is not
segregated as door to door collection system is poor which make the recycling process much
difficult and costly so a lot of waste produced reaches the land fill unsorted.
The waste generated from hospitals, Clinics, Primary health centers, etc. which if not
disposed properly can pose a human threat. Jaipur district produces around 2761 Kg of bio
waste per day of which more than 1200 Kg is produced by Jaipur urban area itself.
3.3.1.4 Electricity
The total number of connections registered for industrial were 17751 in 1999-2000 and have
been growing at the rate of 1.5% per annum, the estimated number of connections by 2014
shall be around 25800 and the expected consumption of electricity in the industrial area with
average demand growth rate of 15% per annum shall be around 2265 KVA.
63
2015
Table 14: Total number of consumers of electricity in the district
Source: Jaipur Master Plan- 2005
Total Power consumption by various sectors in the district (in million K.V)
Table 15: total power consumption in the district (in million K.V)
Source: Jaipur Master Plan- 2005
3.3.1.5 Transportation
I
ROADS
The transport system of Jaipur city is mainly road based. The city is served by eleven major
arterial spines. Surajpol-Chandpol road and Amer road are the arterial spines of the walled
city. The major road network outside the walled city consists of Jawahar Lal Nehru Marg
(JLN Marg) and Sawai Ram Singh Marg (Tonk Road) in the South, Vidhyadhar Marg and
Nirman Marg in the North, Ajmer Road, Khatipura Road, and Jhotwara Road in the West and
64
2015
Agra Road and Mirza Ismail Road (M I Road) in the East. While Tonk Road connects some
of the major employment centers like Sanganer, Durgapura and Lal Kothi; M I Road serves
high employment areas like Banipark, Sindhi Camp, and Transport Nagar. J L N Marg
connects major institutions like MNIT, OTS, Arts College, Commerce College, Rajasthan
University, Medical College and Maharaja College. All the major roads have alternative
parallel roads, which distribute the traffic; these roads are connected across at an interval of
800 m to 2 Km.
Fig.21 : Map Showing major highways connecting India
II
RAILWAYS
Jaipur is well connected with both broad gauge and meter gauge railway line. Braod gauge
railway line connects Jaipur to delhi via alwar, Jaipur to Mumbai Via Kota and Amhedabad
via mount abu making Jaipur railway station as a junction station for broad gauge line.
65
2015
Jaipur connects to sikar, Pali via meter gauge. Jaipur do not has electrification for railway
line so is operated on diesel engines. Jaipur hosts some of the prestigious trains like shabatdi,
Palace on wheels, Rajdhani and Dhuronto.
Fig. 22: Map Showing Rail routes in Jaipur district.
III
AIR NETWORK
Jaipur has only one airport in the district. It is well connected by air transport to the rest of
India. The domestic circuit is one out of the five in the state others being Jaisalmer, Udaipur,
Kota and Jodhpur.
66
2015
Jaipur airport serves as a international airport and is in close proximity to Delhi. There area
regular services from Jaipur to other cities like Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Guwahati,
Hyderabad, Goa, Udaipur, Jodhpur, Jaisalmer, Agra, Bangalore, Cochin, Chennai and
Ahmedabad along with international connectivity with Dubai, Mascat, Sharjah.
IV
Delhi Mumbai Infrastructure Corridor (DMIC)
Delhi Mumbai Infrastructure corridor is proposed to boost the industrial and production
sector in the country. This corridor originates from Delhi and goes up to Mumbai crossing
Rajasthan and Gujarat. More than 39% of the DMIC passes from Rajasthan and with a
influence zone of 150 Kilometers on either side about 60% of the state is in the influence
zone with major cities like Jaipur, Alwar, Kota and Bhilwara expected to be the major
influence towns.
With the coming up of the DMIC a lot of industrial growth is envisioned in the city and state
having integrated townships to house the industries and their workforce.
Fig 23: Showing the Route of DMIC,
Source: Report DMIC

67
2015
Fig.24: Map showing major development nodes in Rajasthan state.
3.3.2 Social Infrastructure:

Social Infrastructure is one of the important needs of the human neighbourhood and having
an equal distribution of social infrastructure is one of the goals of urban planning. Equal
distribution of social infrastructure and resources within the city ensures energy conservation
in transportation to avail the services. Availability and equal distribution of various socia l
infrastructure facilities such as health care, education, recreation and socio-cultural facilities
is ensured by the master development plan and is detailed out at the zone and sector level
plans prepared by the development authority. The brief about the various social
infrastructures in the city is discussed below:
3.3.2.1 Health care facilities
As per the URDPFI guidelines the health facilities include a dispensary (the basic unit),
Nursing Home, Intermittent Hospital (30 Beds), Hospital, Multi speciality hospital and super
speciality hospital. Considering health as one of the most important parameters, the
availability of good health-care facility assures the well-being of people and helps to attract
and retain human resource. Tourism is one of the major economic activities in the city,
medical tourism is also fast gaining popularity due to low cost of treatment, better
accommodation and presence of super speciality medical facilities.
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Fig.25: Jaipur city health care evolution
Source: Jaipur city health care landscape by Kevin research
3.3.2.2 Education
Jaipur city is fast growing as educational hub. Being the largest city of Rajasthan by
population has the most number of educational institutes and universities. Insititunal areas
have been promoted by government by providing them with subsidized land via RIICO after
1998. Since then the number of engineering colleges and universities have gone four folds
and Jaipur has become a hub for education.
3.3.2.3 Recreation and socio-cultural facilities
Recreational and cultural spaces areas are a necessity of a neighborhood. At the city level
they further grow in hierarchy and need of more spaces also increases to encourage social
interaction and to help people realize their varied interests by pursuing hobbies and sports.
City has a fair distribution of recreational and socio-cultural facilities to serve the needs of
the people. This is well taken care by the master plan, zonal plans and the sector plan. Jaipur
also hosts various national level sports competitions, conferences, exhibitions and cultural
festivals.
3.4
Growth of Industries
Jaipur has been famous for its household industrial products like Rajai, Lakh Work, Blue
pottery, Block printing, Diamond cutting, etc. before the independence the indus tries were
mainly household in nature and were housed in the walled city itself.
But, as the scale of production increased, their emerged a need for dedicated industrial areas,
the first industrial areas which came up were sudarshanpura, bais godam and Vishvakarma
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industrial area. These areas were mainly to house the small and medium scale industries. The
NBC (National Bearing Corporation) and Jaipur Dairy are the large scale industry in the city
near the railway station. The total land under industrial area was 710 acres in 1971 which was
7.1% of the total urban land.
Fig. 26: Existing industrial areas in 1971 in Jaipur city.
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In the proposed master plan of 1991, industrial areas were proposed near the satellite towns
of Sanganer, Bagru, and expansion of VKAI. But, almost 30% of the industries developed
uptill 1991 came up in the non-confining areas. The total area under industries was 3200
Acres which accounted for 9.8% of the total developed area.
Fig. 27: Existing industrial areas in Jaipur city in 1991, Source : Jaipur Master plan 2011
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After 1991 liberalization policy the growth rate of industrial areas increased and it urged a
significant demond for industrial land. A lot of industrial areas were developed by 2011
which included Mansarovar, Malviyanagar, Sitapura, Bindayaka, Bassi, Jhotwada, Etc. the
total land under industrial land use was 3593 Acres which was a marginal increase in
industrial land but as the city expanded it just amounted to 4.2% of the total developed area.
Fig. 28: Existing industrial areas in Jaipur city in 2011, Source : Jaipur Master plan 2025
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The industrial areas in the city are wide spread along the major connecting highways. Table 3
contains the details of industrial areas in Jaipur region.
Table 16: list of industrial areas in Jaipur region
Name of Area
Year
Land developed Production

(Ha)
Units
VKAI
1960
1399
1579
Jhotwara
1966
498.31
576
Kartarpura
1970
19.78
175
Sudershan Pura
1970
23.74
236
Jaitpura
1985
66.16
191
Bassi
1992
145.43
206
Heerawala
1994
107.87
159
Bindayka
1995
102.39
224
Bagru
1996
336.17
348
Sitapura Phase I&II
1996
209.32
Sitapura Phase III &IV
1998
208.87
Insititunal area
1998
55.82
Sarna Dungar
2003
126.16
537
Kookas
2005
119.5
26
Kant
2006
267.49
2
Mandau
2007
252.9
Un developed
Badharna
2009
7.25
35
Sitapura,
Sukhdeopura,
2009
1221.72
1210
Ramchandrapura
Manpura Machedi
2010
39.37
18
Bagrana
2014
22.91
Under Dev.
SANGANER
Source: analyzed data from RIICO and Brief Industrial Profile of Jaipur district, DIC 2012
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Fig. 29: Map showing locations of industrial area in JDA region.
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3.9
2015
Development Scenario
Jaipur has not been industrial city, the economy of Jaipur mainly thrives around tourism and
administrative sectors. Before the independence industries were mainly household in nature
and were housed inside the walled city.
Fig. 30: Industrial development timeline in Rajasthan,
Source: Prepared from secondary source information
Post-independence it was realized that the industrialization is the need for development and
to promote industrial activity in the state RMIDC (Rajasthan State Industrial Development
and Investment Corporation) was setup on 28th March, 1969. The main function of the
department was to provide industrial land and facilitate the industrialist in setting up industry.
The corporation provided both technical and financial assistance to setup industry. The
department faced challenges in land pooling and creating a la nd bank so later from being a
government organization it become a government undertaking by incorporating RMUIDC to
RIICO (Rajasthan State Industrial Development and Investment Corporation) on 1st January,
1980. The corporation is presently the apex body for development and planning of Industrial
areas across Rajasthan and has developed many industrial areas in Jaipur . (Profile,RIICO).
The new industrial policy 2012 was introduced by Ashok Ghelot government which invited
private developers to provide for developed industrial land to the industrialist with the effect
of which a lot of industrial parks have been setup on the outskirts of the city.
As per Directorate of industries (DIC) the industrial profile of Jaipur is presented in the table
. the total no. of registered units in 2369 whereas the total industrial units was 2594 in 2012.
Which provided employment to 1,88,680 workers spread over 35 industrial areas planned by
RMIDC and RIICO.
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Table: 17 Industries in Jaipur
Source: Brief industrial profile of Jaipur district
Fig: 31: Industrial parks on outskirts of the city.

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4.0
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CASE STUDY: STUDY OF EXISTING INDUSTRIAL AREAS
Industries have been integral part of the economy of a city. To facilitate the industries
industrial areas have been developed and upgraded from time to time in the study area. To
understand the needs, requirements, and wants of the industrialist across the study area
primary survey of existing industrial areas is conducted.
Selection of industrial area from the study area is based on the location of industrial areas;
one industrial area existent on each major highway connecting jaipur city has been studied.
The industrial areas studied are:
1) Sitapura Tonk Road (NH65)
2) Bagru Ajmer Road (NH11)
3) Bindayaka Sikar Road
4) Jhotwada Kalwar Road
5) VKAI (Vishvakarma Industrial Area Sikar Road
These industrial areas are looked upon for the planning layout, Provision and location of
infrastructure facilities, road network, hierarchy of industrial activity, provisions for waste
management, supporting and ancillary activities to the industrial activity. The layout plans of
the industrial area were procured from the developing agency RIICO and were verified
physically on ground. The observer also tried to analyse the development process of
industrial premise and the problems that are faced by the users of such areas to have a better
understanding towards the planning for future industrial areas. The observations from the
industrial areas are compiled to formulate the trend for development in the industrial area.
4.1
Sitapura Industrial Area
Sitapura industrial area situated in Jaipur district was set up by RIICO in four phases: first
phase in 1996, second phase in 1996, third and fourth phase in 1998, besides the Special
Economic Zone (SEZ) I, II & III in 2003, institutional area in 1998 and Ramchandrapura
Industrial Area in 2009. The area is situated along National Highway 12 Tonk Road, well
developed with quality infrastructural facilities like road network, underground water
supply, electricity supply, etc.
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Fig.32 : Location of Sitapura
Fig.33: Layout of Sitapura industrial area; Source: RIICO
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2015
It houses business houses like M/s. Bosch Limited, Vaibhav Gems, Dwarka's Gems, Derewala
Industries, Lodha Impex, SBL India Limited, Ratan Textiles, Sambhav Gems Limited, Infosys
and Genpact are operating in the industrial area
Fig.34: Various types of industries in the industrial area.

RIICO has acquired and developed 518.65 acres of land for first and second phase, 425.31
acres for third phase, 92.21 acres of land in IVth phase, 360.83 acre in EPIP, 21.5 acres in
SEZ-I, 89.39 acres in SEZ-II, 138.32 acres for institutional area and 496.45 acre for
Ramchandrapura Industrial Area, out of it 849 plots have been planned covering 311.14
acres of land in first and second phase, 486 plot planned in third phase covering 234.09
acres land, 13 plots have been planned in IVth zone covering 83.36 acres land, besides this
189.73 acres land have been planned in EPIP, 51 plots planned in SEZ-I covering 11.92 acres
land, 190 plots planned in SEZ-II covering 48.5 acres land, 25 plots planned in Institutional
Area covering 97.87 acres land and 271 plots planned in Ramchandrapura covering 265.48
acres land. Skilled manpower and labour force is richly available in this industrial area.
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Fig.35: Phases of development for sitapura.
Civic infrastructural facilities like one post office at Sitapaura, one hospital/ dispensary in the
name of Mahatma Gandhi Medical University & hospital is operating in Institutional Area,
Sitapura. Eight banks namely State Bank of India, Central Bank of India, Bank of India, SBBJ,
Bank of Baroda, Punjab National Bank, Indian Overseas Bank and UCO Bank are operating in
the area. 12 ATMs are in the Institutional Area, EPIP, Sitapura. For providing police
assistance, one police station, Sanganer Sadala Thana, is located on National Highway 12 at
Tonk Road near the area. 15 renowned educational institutions like schools, engineering
colleges, medical colleges, management colleges and law colleges are functioning in the
area.
The Industrial Area is easily accessible through all modes of transport: nearest railway
station at a distance of 12 Kms., nearest bus stand Jaipur at a distance of 20 Kms. and
nearest airport Sanganer Airport, Jaipur is located at a distance of about 6 Kms. Concerned
Administrative headquarter is at a distance of 22 Kms. Nearest city Jaipur is at a distance of
18 Kms. from the area.
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It is one of the largest industrial area developed by RIICO in Jaipur. The industrial area also
houses Institunal area to promote higher education in the state the measures were taken to
provide institutional land. Jaipur convention cum exhibition center with space for a hotel is
also a part of the industrial area.
Fig.36 Jaipur Convention Centre, Sitappura
4.1.1 Observations
A physical survey of the industrial area was done to have a deeper understanding about the
needs of the industries and demands of the industrialist. Some of the problems identified
were:
vacant formal commercial areas and informal sector encroaching upon footpaths and
open areas.
Large chunks of land have been left in the layout reserved for commercial areas to be
developed. But, since the occupancy in the industrial area is low, the se commercial setups
have not been taken up. In the absence of commercial facilities the informal sector is
springing in the area in terms of small tea stalls setup at the cross junction, on vacant public
lands, under the trees, etc.
Fig.37 : Showing status of commercial areas in sitapura industrial area.
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Fig.38: Map showing locations of informal sector in the sitapura area.
Un-developed and Un-utilized green spaces.

The open green spaces have been planned in the layout but have not been developed and
maintained. The open green spaces are being used as parking spaces for loading or personal
vehicles or as waste collection points.
Fig39. : Undeveloped woodlands
Residential areas taken up by the HIG, and EWS squatting on the roads.
Residential areas and Industrial areas are the non-confirming uses but are a supporting land
use for each other, the industries need the workforce for operation and the people need
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employment. Looking at the need for development of residential areas with the industrial
areas, 15 percent of the developed area is developed as residential area to house workers. But,
with NO policy for allotment of these plots, the plots have been occupied by the HIG and
MIG people where as the workers of the industrial area live in nearby kachhi basties or squat
along the road sides.
Fig.40: Residential Areas being taken up by HIG and MIG and EWS squat on road sides.
Poor Industrial Waste management.

In sitapura industrial area, No provisions for waste management have been made. As per
the administrative authorities RIICO is a developing agency for the industrial areas. After the
development the area needs to be transferred to the municipal corporation which is
supposed to look after the waste management. But, since the area is not fully occupied and
some of the plots are with RIICO the area has not been transferred and no system of waste
management is in place in the area. The waste collection can be seen at various locations
through the industrial area.
Fig.41 : Waste deposition in vacant plots in sitapura
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Fig.42: Map showing the locations of waste collection spots in sitapura
Lack of parking spaces for goods vehicles.

The parking spaces for goods vehicles have not been planned for, in the absence of which
the parking is done along the road, in vacant plots or in the open green areas. As sitapura is
located on the outskirts of the city where truck movement is allowed thought the day there
are not much vehicles seen hauling in the area.
Fig.43 : Locations for goods vehicle parking

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4.1.2 INFERENCES
On analyzing the locations of goods vehicle parking, Informal sector and waste collection
locations, the following observations can be made:
Fig.44 : Locations for goods vehicle parking, Industrial waste collection and Informal Shops.
Both the shops and garbage collection points are located at a convenient distances
(500-700 Mts.), But, are not in close proximity to each other.
The off road parking spaces are supported by the informal commercial shops and
hence are seen together.
The commercial areas have developed along the major connecting roads where the
catchment is more.
SEZ- I and SEZ-II are mainly to facilitate the jewelry industry. So the services required
by the industries like security, Infrastructure (Water, Electricity, etc.) are provided
EPIP textile zone is designed to facilitate the textile industry, But, the special
requirements for the textile industry like waste collection facility, Water treatment
plants (ETP), water and electricity requirement have not been catered to.
In absence of the common facilities the industrialist need to provide for them
individually, which incurs extra cost of establishment and at times results in un
treated water being sent to the drain.
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In the other industrial areas, the grouping of similar industries or similar nature of
industries is not seen.
NO land parcel is allotted for industrial waste disposal or waste recycling unit.
Allotment of the plots to the various industries is done by lottery system, in which
clustering of similar nature of industries or mixing of non-cohesive industries is not
taken into account. Like Food with Construction Material.
4.2
BAGRU INDUSTRIAL AREA
Bagru Industrial area situated in Jaipur district was setup by RIICO, Bagru is a satellite town to Jaipur
city and was identified as industrial area in the 1991 master plan as it lies on NH8 connecting Delhi
and Mumbai. Bagru industrial area is has been developed in many phases. The bagru old industrial
area was one of the smallest industrial areas which was developed as a pilot project to understand
the suitability, but since then it has been popular among the industries for stone cutting and
dressing, Chemical industries, rolling mills, warehouses, etc.
BAGRU
Fig.45 :Location of Bagru Industrial area
Bagru was a seasonal cultivated land, so most of the land in bagru is under private holdings.
This was then acquired for development of industrial area.
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the industrial area is developed near the dry bed of seasonal stream which accumulates as a
small water body adjacent to the industrial area. Total of 92 hectares of land is developed
having around 232 plots. The area is around 1 Kms. from the national highway.
Fig.46: Layout Plan of Bagru Industrial area.
Fig.47: Google Image of Bagru Industrial area.

Bagru has around 350 functional units developed in 350 Hectares of land. The major types
of industries in industrial area are Mineral industries, Stone cutting and processing,
Manufacturing of farm equipment, chemical industries, plastic industries, metal industries.
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Fig. 48: Industries in Bagru industrial area
4.2.1 Observations
were:
vacant formal commercial areas and informal sector encroaching upon footpaths and
open areas.
Large chunks of land have been left in the layout reserved for commercial areas to be
developed. But, since the occupancy in the industrial area is low, the se commercial setups
have not been taken up. In the absence of commercial facilities the informal sector is
springing in the area in terms of small tea stalls setup at the cross junction, on vacant public
lands, under the trees, etc.
Fig. 49: Showing status of commercial areas in Bagru industrial area.
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Fig. 50: Map showing locations of informal sector in the sitapura area.
Open green spaces utilized to provide fire station and water supply station.
Fire station was seen as a need for the industrial area but the space for it was not provided in
the layout. The open green spaces in the area has been taken up to make a fire station. The
site for services could not accommodate PHED and JVVNL. So the green space was utilized
to provide for water supply in the area.
Fig.51 : Undeveloped woodlands
Lack of residential area for industrial workers

Residential areas and Industrial areas are the non-confirming uses but are a supporting land
use for each other, the industries need the workforce for operation and the people need
employment. The residential plots have not been prvided in the area as the area is developed
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on the old policy. Hence, a katchhi basti has developed on the dry river bed supporting the
industries by providing them manpower.
Fig.52 Development of katchhi basti on dry river bed

In Bagru industrial area, No provisions for waste management have been made. As per the
administrative authorities RIICO is a developing agency for the industrial areas. After the
development the area needs to be transferred to the municipal corporation which is supposed
to look after the waste management. But, since the area is not fully occupied and some of the
plots are with RIICO the area has not been transferred and no system of waste management is
in place in the area. The waste collection can be seen at various locations through the
industrial area.
Fig.53 : Waste deposition in vacant plots in Bagru Industrial Area
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Fig.54 : Map showing the locations of waste collection spots in Bagru

The parking spaces for goods vehicles have not been planned for, in the absence of which the
parking is done along the road, in vacant plots or in the open green areas. As sitapura is
located on the outskirts of the city where truck movement is allowed thought the day there are
not much vehicles seen hauling in the area.
Fig. 55: Off road Parking In Bagru industrial area.
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Fig. 56: Locations for goods vehicle parking
4.1.2 Inferences
Fig. 57: Locations for goods vehicle parking, Industrial waste collection and Informal Shops.
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hence are seen together as a cluster.
expected footfall is more.
Untreated water being disposed of the drains which gets accumulated on the dry
river bed in the area.
In the other industrial area, the grouping of similar industries or similar nature of
Land parcel is allotted for industrial waste disposal but the unit has not been setup.
4.3
VISHVAKARMA INDUSTRIAL AREA (VKAI)
Situated in Jaipur district was set up RIICO in 1970. The area is well developed with quality
infrastructural facilities like good road network of National Highway, State Highway and
district roads(NH No.11), PHED & RIICO water supply, electricity by JVVNL, streetlights, etc.
VISHVAKARMA
INDUSTRIAL AREA
Fig.58 : Location of VKAI
RIICO has acquired and developed 1399.34 acres of land in the area. 1300 plots have been
planned by RIICO in the area. Skilled manpower and labor force is available as per
requirement in the industrial area.
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Fig.59: Layout of Vishvakarma Industrial area
Some of the renowned industries operating in the industrial areas are: Bharat Pottery, Clay
Craft, Mangla Sariya, Poddar Rubber Industries, Bairathi Rubber Indusjtries, Agarwal
Marbles, Ultra Tech, Rajasthan transformers, Bajrang Wire, Gem Electro, Rajasthan Cylinder,
Roachees Watches, Tijaria Pipes, Annapoorna Cold Storage, SR Marble, Techno Hind Marble,
Autopal, International Fkurniture, Bajrang Wire,etc.
Fig.60: Types of Industries in VKAI area.
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Civic infrastructural facilities like two post offices at road No. 5 and Road No. 9F2, 5 number
of banks, namely ICICI, State Bank of Bikaner & Jaipur, State Bank of India, Bank of Baroda
and Punjab National Bank with 6 Nos. ATMs at road No. 4 are available in the industrial
area. ESI Hospital at road No. 9 and Jyoti Nursing Home at Road No. 4 are providing
medical facilities to the area. Police station at road No. 5 is providing police assistance to the
area. One number of Puiblic School and one number of Government school are providing
educational facilities in the area.
The Industrial Area is easily accessible through all modes of transport: nearest railway station
Dhehar ka Balaji is at a distance of 07 Kms.by road, nearest bus stand Sindhi Camp at a
distance of 12 Kms. and nearest airport Sanganer is located at a distance of about 30 Kms. by
road from the area. Nearest city Jaipur is at a distance of 10 Kms. from the area by road.
Concerned administrative headquarter is at a distance of 8 Kms. from the area.
4.3.1 Observations
were:
Commercial areas taken up by multi brand retail stores or automobile showrooms and
informal commercial serving the industrial workers.
Large chunks of land reserved for commercial areas in the layout have been taken up by the
multi brand retail stores or automobile. Small scale facilities for the industrial workers are
being met by the informal sector functional in the area. the informal sector is springing in
the area near the cross junction, on vacant public lands, under the trees, etc.
Fig. 61: Showing status of commercial areas in sitapura industrial area.
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Fig.62 : Map showing locations of informal sector in the VKAI area.

The open green spaces have been planned in the layout but have not been developed and
Residential areas taken up by the HIG, and EWS squatting on the roads.
Residential areas were not a part of the initial layout of the industrial area, but, as the need
arise the residential areas have been developed but have been occupied by the HIG and MIG
leaving the working class living in slums or nearby katchhi bastis.
Fig.63: Residential Areas being taken up by HIG and MIG and EWS squat on road sides.
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No provisions for waste management have been made in the area. The waste is mainly
disposed of on vacant plots and on the back side of the VKAI area on the foothills.
Fig. 64: Waste deposition in vacant plots in sitapura
Fig.65 : Map showing the locations of waste collection spots in sitapura

The parking spaces for goods vehicles have not been provided for in the layout, in the
absence of which the parking is done along the road, in vacant plots or in the open green
areas.
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4.1.2 Inferences
Fig. 67: Locations for goods vehicle parking, Industrial waste collection and Informal Shops.
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catchment is more.
NO industrial waste management unit is setup in the area.
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4.4
2015
JHOTWADA INDUSTRIAL AREA
Situated in Jaipur district is a transferred area from the Govt. of Rajasthan. The area is well
developed with quality infrastructural facilities like good road network of National Highway, State
Highway and district roads), PHED water supply, electricity by JVVNL, streetlights, etc.
JHOTWADA
Fig. 68: Location of Industrial area
RIICO has acquired and developed 422.60 acres of land in the area. 272 No. of plots have been
planned by RIICO in the area. Skilled manpower and labour force is available as per requirement in
the industrial area.
Fig.69 :Layout of Jhotwada Industrial area.
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Industries running in the industrial area are: Krishna Sariya Rolling Mill, Maya Metal, Sharma Sariya,
Kamani Ind. Amno Metal, Anand Lamps, etc.
Fig.70 : Types of Industries in Jhotwada industrial area.
Civic infrastructural facilities like one post office, 2 number of banks, namely State Bank of
Bikaner & Jaipur & State Bank of India with 2Nos. ATMs of both the banks are available in
the industrial area. Khaitan Hospital, Sikar Road, Dhehar ka Balaji, Jaipur and a nursing
home in this name are providing medical facilities to the area. One Police station in the area
is providing police assistance to the area. Renowned educational institute Parasrampuria Jams
Public School, Jhotwara Industrial Area is providing educational facilities in the area.
The Industrial Area is easily accessible through all modes of transport: nearest railway station
Dhehar ka Balaji is at a distance of 01 Kms.by road, nearest bus stand Sindhi Camp at a
distance of 6 Kms. and nearest airport Sanganer is located at a distance of about 22 Kms. by
road from the area. Nearest city Jaipur is at a distance of 08 Kms. from the area by road.
Concerned administrative headquarter is at a distance of 6Kms. from the area.
The industrial area is well connected with major cities through both rail and road transport:
Jaipur 08 Kms.by road, Jodhpur 350 Kms. by road and 350 Kms. by rail, Delhi 280 Kms. by
road 270 Kms. by rail, Mumbai 1125 Kms. by road, 1131 Kms. by rail.
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4.4.1 Observations
were:
Commercial areas taken up by automobile showrooms and informal comme rcial
serving the industrial workers.
multi brand retail stores or automobile. Small scale facilities for the ind ustrial workers are
being met by the informal sector functional in the area. the informal sector is springing in the
area near the cross junction, on vacant public lands, under the trees, etc.
Fig.71 : Showing status of commercial areas in Jhotwada industrial area.

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The open green spaces have been planned in the layout but have not been deve loped and
Fig. 73: Waste deposition in low lying area of jhotwada
Fig.74: Map showing the locations of waste collection spots in sitapura

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areas.
Fig.75: Locations for goods vehicle parking
4.1.2 Inferences
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catchment is more.
4.5
BINDAYAKA INDUSTRIAL AREA
Situated in Jaipur district is a transferred area from the Govt. of Rajasthan. The area is well
developed with quality infrastructural facilities like good road network of National Highway, State
Highway and district roads), PHED water supply, electricity by JVVNL, streetlights, etc.
BINDAYAKA
Fig. 77: Location of Industrial area
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RIICO has acquired and developed 102.39 Hectares of land in the area 224 plots for industries have
been planned by RIICO in 1995.
Fig.78: :Layout of Jhotwada Industrial area.
Fig.79 : Google Image of the industrial area.
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Industries running in the industrial area are: Krishna Sariya Rolling Mill, Maya Metal, Sharma Sariya,
Kamani Ind. Amno Metal, Anand Lamps, etc.
Fig.80 : Types of Industries in Jhotwada industrial area.
4.4.1 Observations
were:
Commercial areas taken up by automobile showrooms and informal comme rcial
serving the industrial workers.
multi brand retail stores or automobile. Small scale facilities for the industrial workers are
being met by the informal sector functional in the area. the informal sector is springing in
the area near the cross junction, on vacant public lands, under the trees, etc.
Fig.81 : Showing status of commercial areas in Jhotwada industrial area.
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The open green spaces have been planned in the layout but have not been deve loped and
Fig. Residential Areas being taken up by HIG and MIG and EWS squat on road sides.
Fig. 83: Waste deposition in low lying area of jhotwada
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Fig.84 : Map showing the locations of waste collection spots in sitapura

areas.

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4.1.2 Infrences
catchment is more.
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4.6
Inferences
After the primary survey of the industrial areas identified in the study area, some of the
common and significant observations in terms of planning are:
a) Mixing of different nature of industries is seen in the industrial areas. Polluting with
nonpolluting, Labor intensive with mechanized, food with construction material, etc.
b) Poor industrial waste management was seen in all the industrial areas as the waste was
casually thrown at a nearest convenient point.
c) Non Functional Waste collection system as a result of administrative quarrel between
RIICO and Municipal corporation.
d) Seasonal Water bodies adjacent to the industrial areas are encroached upon by
squatters for making temporary houses or have turned into industrial waste collection
pockets.
e) Absence or Nonfunctional effluent treatment plants to treat water before being
disposed to the drain.
f) Land for Industrial waste processing unit is provided in Bagru but the unit has not
been setup till date. In the other industrial areas the land is not earmarked for the unit.
g) 3 percent of land is reserved for commercial activity but most of the commercial land
is undeveloped and informal commercial (Tea Stalls) are encroaching upon the
footpaths and sidewalks of the roads.
h) Informal commercial activity is localized in nature i.e. seen at almost every cross
junction at the approximate distance of 500-700 Mts.
i) Parking Spaces for goods vehicles is provided in Bagru industrial area only. Even
then the parking is done off Road or in the undeveloped Open green spaces.
j) The parking facility is ancillary activity to the industrial area. Weigh Bridges, Food
Joints, Dhabas, Dormitories to accommodate facilities for drivers come up as a part of
informal sector.
k) Vacant plots and undeveloped open green spaces are most venerable locations to be
taken up for parking, Establishment of informal commercial shop or a waste
collection point.
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l) In the industrial area, more than 50 percent of the land parcel allotted to the industry
is utilized for storage and warehousing.
m) The by products produced by the industries are collected by a vendor and sold to other
industries at distant locations increasing the cost of transportation
n) The residential areas are mainly occupied by the HIG and MIG forcing the industrial
workers of EWS and LIG to squat in the surrounding areas.
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5.0
2015
PRIMARY SURVEY
With the observations from the literature and the study of industrial areas the scholar made an
attempt to make a vision for industrial areas for the future in the study area. To do the same
the primary survey was conducted in the study area to have a better understanding of a
industrialist perspective and requirements of the industry. The observations made during the
observation survey by the scholar are then cross examined in the survey to find the cause or
origination of the problems being faced in the industrial areas.
5.1
Sampling
Keeping in mind the scope of study and the limited duration of the study primary survey
involving 102 samples from the industrial area was conducted. The samples were randomly
selected keeping in mind the mix of different types of the industries. In each industrial area
there is a vast range of production industries available, the industries making cardboard
boxes, jewelers, textile, plastic material, automobile, stone, construction material, chemical,
bottling, LPG refilling, etc. to the service industries like IT and BPO can be seen in the
industrial areas of Jaipur.
5.2
Survey of Industries
The survey was conducted in two parts; the first part was mainly regarding the current
practices and needs of the industrial area and the second part involved the opinion of the
industrial users about the facilities and amenities which they think area required in the
industrial area.
The survey observations from total 102 collected samples comprising of 38 (37%) samples
of the from Sitapura industrial area, 26 (25%) samples from the Vishvakarma Industrial area,
7 (7%) samples from Jhotwada area, 15 (15%) samples from Bindayaka and 16 (16%)
samples from the Bagru industrial area have been compiled in five sub heads namely:
1) Site Zoning
2) Land use Planning
3) Infrastructure
4) Environment
5) Administrative setup
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SAMPLE LOCATIONS
Bagru
16%
Sitapura
37%
Bindayaka
15%
Jhotwada
7%
VKAI
25%
Fig. 87: Location of the samples in the survey
5.2.1 Site Zoning

5.2.1.1
Scale of industries
The scale of industry is defined as per the directorate of industries in the basis of capital
investment in the industry. On the basis of the same industries get permissions and tax
benefits. This is one the most important factor depicting the scale of industrial setup int eh
area. in the primary survey it was observed that more than 85% of the industries in the study
area were micro and small scale industries only 15% of the industries were of medium scale.
Fig. 88: Figure depicting the scale of industries
Jaipur do not has scope for large scale industrial activities as these activities demand for the
water as a resource apart from labor and electricity. Jaipur falls in the desert zone do not have
availability of fresh water; the bisalpur dam situated in the tonk district is currently used as a
water source for fulfilling the water requirements of the city population. Water based
industries shall increase the demand of already scarce water resource.
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5.2.1.2
Pollution
Pollution level in the industrial areas has been a major concern. Various measures have been
taken by the pollution control board to curb pollution in the industrial areas. From the
literature it has been seen that the major pollution caused in the industr ial areas is by the large
scale enterprise as the methods of production are on large scale. This has a major effect not
only in the industrial area but also impacts the surrounding area.
Fig. 89: Polluting and non-polluting industries in the industrial areas
In the primary survey 102 samples from 5 different industrial areas are analyzed, in which it
has been found that the almost 90% of the industries are non-polluting in nature. The sitapura
industrial area is a green industrial zone as an no polluting industry has been setup in the area.
Amongst the samples analyzed 38% belong this area.
5.2.1.3
Commuting distance
The average commuting distance of the workers from the residence to the industries is less
than 5 Kms. for more than 95% of the workers. The workers of the industrial area mainly
commute through public mode of transport like bus or shared auto. The works in the
industrial area were seen using bicycles to commute to the workplace.
Fig. 90: Average commuting distance from the workers from the workplace to the residences.
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2015
5.2.2 Land Use Planning

5.2.2.1
Industrial plot area
Requirement of the plot depends on the space requirement for the industrial activity. From
the literature it has been seen that the space requirements of the MSME are not usually high.
As per the rules of DIC Rajasthan the industrial plot cannot be less than 500 Sq. Mt. and
since the study has taken into account only the MSME large plot sizes are not seen.
above 4000
5%
2000-4000
16%
500-750
31%
1000-2000
23%
750-1000
25%
Fig. 91: Industrial Plot size distribution in study area.
After analyzing the sample size of 102 surveys conducted in the study area it can be seen that
more than 56% of the plots are less than 1000 S q. Mt which is an ideal size to support the
MSME. If the plot size is large, with the small capital investment it beco mes difficult for the
industrialist to purchase the land, although some industrial processes demand for a larger plot
size from 1000-4000 sq. mt.
5.2.2.2
Number of floors
In the industrial processes ground floor is most preferred as the machines and mater ials
produced area heavy and transporting them in levels turns out to be a tedious task. Hence in
most of the industries ground floor was seen. Almost all the industries had the ground floor.
The first floor was seen only in 66% of the industries surveyed but in most of the cases the
corporate offices were housed in the first floor leaving the ground floor for the production
area. in the production industries second floor and above were not seen except for the textile
and IT industries.
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2015
Fig. 92: Number of constructed floors in industries.
5.2.2.3
Green open spaces
In the industrial layout 5% of the area is reserved for the open green spaces to be developed
as parks and woodlands. They mainly act as berating lungs for the industrial area. But, in the
survey conducted in the industrial areas it was found that 83% of the samples reported that
the green spaces in the vicinity have not been developed. The samples which reported the
green spaces to have been developed quoted that it has been the effort of the association or a
private industrialist.
Fig. 93: Green open spaces in the industrial area
5.2.2.4
Housing
Residential spaces in the industrial areas have been in controversy since a long time. Planners
and environmentalist have been against the provision and industries have been asking for the
same since a long time. This was finally incorporated as a part of the layout in 2009 in the
policy of Rajasthan but has been limited to only 15% of the total developed area in the
scheme.
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2015
Fig.94: housing facility in the industrial areas.
In the survey conducted by the scholar it was found that more than 50 percent of the people
marked the facility to be optional with 45 percent people want the housing facility as
essential need of the industries and 5percent people disagreeing to the provision.
The opinion was also sought on making provisions of rental accommodations for the workers
which could be then given to the workers by a nodal agency or allotted to the industries. On
this almost 57 percent people marked the provision to be optional with around 31 percent
people asking for it as essential provision.
From the survey it can be analyzed that more than 85% of the people want the housing
facility to be in the vicinity of the industries within 0-2 Kms. of the industrial setup.
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5.2.5.5
2015
Labor requirement
The labor is required in the industrial area to carry out processed and super wise the machines.
Labor is one of the basic necessities of the industrial area. The survey conducted in the industrial
areas of Jaipur mainly focused on the MSME sector. after the compilation of the survey it is found
that more than 45% of the industries employed less than 20 workers in the unit. 36% of the
industries had a workforce of 20-50 workers and only about 18% of the industries employed more
than 50 workers with just 4 industries employing more than 200 workers in the unit.
50-100
6%
100-200
2%
more than 200

4%
0-4
6%
5-10
21%
20-50
36%
10-20
25%
Fig. 95: Requirement of labor in the industrial area.
5.2.2.6
Parks and open green spaces
Parks and open green spaces act as berating lungs for the industrial areas and in the study of
the industrial areas it was seen that the open spaces could be utilized for provision of essential
common facilities if the need arises for it as the industrial processes are more dynamic in
nature.
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2015
Fig. 96: Parks and open spaces in the industrial areas.
In the public opinion survey more than 97 percent of the people marked the facility as
essential and wanted the facility to be located at a walk able distance from the industry. Parks
and open spaces have been provided in the industrial layouts but have not been developed
and maintained. This has led to encroachments on them by the informal commercial areas or
is being used as parking spaces for goods vehicles.
5.2.2.7 Commercial
Commercial activity is the supporting activity to the industrial area. The commercial setup in
the industrial area is usually in from of informal setup. These shops come up along the road
sides or near the space for parks and playgrounds to serve the workers. They have now
become integral part of the system and have almost 90% of the people find them to be
essential need of the industrial area and must be located at a walk able distance to them.
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2015
Fig. 97: Informal commercial setup in industrial areas.
5.2.2.7.1
Local Shopping Glossary store
From the observation survey it was found that the industrial areas lacked in the small scale
commercial setup, a place where items of day to day use can be purchased from. From the
opinion survey it can be analyzed that more than 50% of the people demanded the facility as
essential and 40% forming no opinion about it and around 7% disagreeing to the provision.
During the survey the opinion for these areas was sought, the industries wanted the area to
have local hardware shops where they can get local spare parts for there machines.
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2015
Fig. 98: Local Shopping / household glossary shopping
5.2.2.7.2
Shopping Mall / Supermarket
The shopping malls have developed as a recent trend in commercialization and were seen in
the VKAI industrial area where multinational chains have developed commercial chains. In
the primary survey from the 102 samples it can be analyzed that 93% of the people find the
facility to be not required.
Fig. 99: Provision of shopping mall Shopping mall
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2015
5.2.2.8
Hotel
In the survey the respondents were asked for provision of a business class hotel to which only
15% of the respondents marked it to be essential with 58% forming no opinion about the
same and 28% marking the facility as not required in the industrial area.
Fig. 100: Provision of hotels in industrial area
In the survey approximately 60% of the samples wanted the facility to be within 2 kms from
the industry.
5.2.2.9
Dormitory
Dormitory is mainly used by the truck drivers or by the seasonal industries which call for
additional labor for a short period of time. In the survey conducted in the industrial area about
45 % of the people marked the facility as essential to the industrial area to which 30% did not
from any opinion and 23% marked the provision as not required. More than 65% of the
collected samples wanted the facility to be within 2 kms from the industries where as 25%
wanted the facility within 2-5 kms.
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2015
Fig. 101: Provision of dormitory in industrial area
5.2.2.10
Guest house
Industrial area guesthouses have been a part of industrial areas in the west, but the concept
has not been adopted in India. With the recent changing trend of industrialization and
industries going global about 70% of the samples demanded for the facility with 22% being
optional about it and just 8% marking it to be not required.
Fig. 102: Provisions for guesthouse in the industrial area.
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2015
5.2.2.11
Parking for loading vehicles
The parking facility for the goods vehicle has not been a part of industrial area planning in
the study area. the parking was found to be happening off road or in the vacant plots. But
from the survey it is evident that parking facility has become essential requirement of the
industrial with more than 95% of the samples asking for it.
Fig. 103: Provision for parking
5.2.2.12
Weigh bridge / Dharam kanta
The weigh bridges area required in the industrial area as the goods once loaded need to be
weighed before sending or receiving the supply. Weigh bridges have been identified as the
essential activity by 96% of the industrial workers.
Fig. 104: Provision of Weigh Bridges.
5.2.2.13
Fire station
Any industrial area being setup needs to have a fire station within 3 kms. from it. In the bagru
industrial area the space for fire station was not provided for and hence the open green space
was utilized to provide for a fire station. In the survey also it is evident with 98% of the
samples marking it as essential facility.
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2015
Fig. 105: Provision for fire station
5.2.2.14
Police station
To maintain the law and order in the industrial area police station is the basic requirement.
This is also evident from the survey as 97% of the samples marked the facility to be essential
for the industrial area.
Fig. 106: Provisions for police station.
5.2.3 Infrastructure
5.2.3.1
Road width
Road network is the most important infrastructure required in industrial area. The road
network acts as the most important link of the industries to the markets. Industries need raw
material for production and supply the finished goods toe the market via goods vehicles.
These vehicles require for a higher road widths.
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2015
Fig.107: Road width in front of the industry.
From the survey of the layouts done in chapter 5 and the primary survey conducted in the
industrial area it has been analyzed that 12mts. Has bee n the minimum road width for the
industrial area and the industrialist found that to be insufficient. 18 M road width was seen in
77 survey samples constituting to 75% of the survey and most of the industrialist found the
road widths provided to them to be sufficient.
Fig. 108: Road width in front of the industry
More than 90% of the industries were satisfied with the road width provided. Roads were also
being used as parking spaces as formal parking have not been provided in the layout. These
off road parking reduced the effective road widths and industrialist demanded for a dedicated
parking facility for the goods vehicles.
5.2.3.2
Mode of transportation for goods
The mode of transportation for the goods in the industries in the study area is road net work.
Most of the raw material used by the industries comes via roads. Jaipur has good road
connectivity with the other parts of the country as the golden quadrilateral passes through the
city.
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2015
Fig. 109: Mode of transport for raw material
Trucks are the most commonly used vehicles for transportation of the raw material and
finished products in the industrial area. the number of trips per month depends on the scale of
production. For the factories directly sending the produced to the market preferred goods
carrier for transportation as they are small and can freely enter the city at all times.
Fig. 110: Mode of transportation for bringing raw material
5.2.3.3
Facilities required for production
Apart from the raw material the industries require labor, water and electricity for production.
Jaipur being a dry state has water sacristy, the water to the city residents id being supplied
from the bisalpur dam located in tonk district via bisalpur pipeline project. With the recent
measures taken up to boost the power sector in the state electricity is available for industrial
production. The other most important requirement is the manpower, Jaipur being the largest
city in Rajasthan do not lacks in manpower as a resource but finding skilled labor poses a
challenge in front of the industries.
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2015
Fig. 111: Facilities required in the industrial areas
In the survey conducted as a part of the study, it was found that almost all the industries
required electricity as a resource for production process and manpower to supe r wise and
operate the machines; 11 industries in the survey reported shortage of labor and 29 industries
reported shortage of water for the industrial processes.
5.2.3.4
Public transportation
As the workers of the industries rely on the public transport facilities to commute to the
workplace it becomes important to have efficient public transportation system in the area. in
the primary survey of the 102 industries 88% of the industries reported that the facilities are
efficient and the interval between the two busses is not more than 15 minutes.
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2015
Fig.112: Efficiency & interval of public transport facility.
5.2.3.5
Parking facility
The parking facility for the loading vehicles is one of the necessities in industrial area. Trucks
are the widely used mode of transport for goods over long distances. The truckers howl in the
industrial areas due to various reasons, at times for resting, Waiting for loading/ unloading of
the truck, etc. during their stay in the industrial area in more than 80% cases the parking was
done on the road. only 13 industries provided the parking space within the plot and 7
industries used the vacant properties as parking spaces. The facilities for the truck drivers are
not provided and hence the informal sector provides for the same.
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2015
Fig. 113: Parking facility for the vehicles.
5.2.3.6
Primary / Secondary schools
Schools have been defined as the basic unit for neighborhood. With the provision of
residential area the need of primary school arises. about 80 % of the people marked the
facility to be essential with 10 % marking it to be optional and 10% marking it to be not
required in the industrial area.
Fig. 114: Provision of Primary and secondary schools
5.2.3.7
Industrial training institutes
Industrial training institutes have been integral part of the industrial development as they not
only act as place of training the workers and staff but also as the research and development
place for the industries. About 90% of the samples marked it as essential requirement of the
industrial area.
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2015
Fig. 115: Provision of industrial training institutes
5.2.3.8
Technical And Professional Colleges
Technical and professional colleges have been integral part of sitapura industr ial planning but
almost 75% of the samples disagreed to the provision of technical colleges with the industrial
setup facilitating the MSME. Around 12 % samples marked the provision to be essential with
10% forming no opinion about the same.
Fig. 116: Provision of technical and professional colleges
5.2.3.9
Dispensary / Nursing home
Health care has been a part of the industrial setup; it has been seen in the literature that industrial
workers suffer from diseases specific to a type of industry or area. Provision of primary health care
center to providing first aid has been sought as essential requirement by more than 80% of the
samples and 18% were neutral on the provision.
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2015
Fig. 117: Provision for dispensary and nursing home
More than 90% of the samples sought location of the industry within 1-2 Kms. from the
industry so that the first aid could be provided in time. It was noted in the observation survey
that the dispensary opened only in the morning and evening time while the industries were
functional for through the day.
5.2.3.10
Hospital
Health care facility of the primary nature like dispensary were demanded by the industries but
the higher order facilities of hospital are marked essential only by 15% of the samples and
18% disagreeing to the provisions with 65% of samples forming NO opinion about the same.
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2015
Fig. 118: Provision of higher order health facilities.
Super specialty hospital are marked essential by 30% of the samples collected during the
survey and 20% marked the facility as not required and 50% of the samples formed no
opinion about the provision.
5.2.3.11
Banks and ATM
Banks form the backbone of any trade. Banks and ATM are essentially required facility in the
industrial area which has been confirmed in the survey as 100% samples demanded for it.
Distance to banking facility to be within 1 Kms. which is a walk able distance.
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2015
Fig. 119: Provision of banking facility.
5.2.3.12
Post office / Courier center
Post offices were the only source of communication in the past but as most of the official
communication happen over the internet the post offices have lost their charm fro sending
letters. But, still are in demand by the industrilist as they are used for sending parcels and
samples to a distant client. 99% of the samples demonded for the post office.
Fig. 120: provision of post office/ courier center

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2015
5.2.3.13
Telephone exchange / Internet provider
The space allocation for telephone exchange has become obsolete after the introduction of
mobile phones. The mobile phone. The role of telephone exchange has changed from being a
phone provider to internet provider. With the globalization of the economy internet is the
basic necessity in the industrial areas as well.
Fig. 121: Provision for broadband / Internet provider.
5.2.3.14
Petrol pumps
The fueling stations are required in the industrial area as most of the goods start their journey
from industrial areas and also fuel is required to run backup gen sets. Almost 96% of the
samples reported the facility to be essential.
Fig. 122: Provision for petrol pumps.
5.2.4 Environment
5.2.4.1
Industrial waste management
Industrial waste management has been one of the major challenges in the industrial areas.
The waste from the different industries is of different nature making it diff icult. In the study
area major industrial sector is MSME, survey of 102 industrial units was conducted in the
city and industries were asked about the type of waste produced in the process. It was found
that 61 industries had waste water, 44 produced metal scrap, 32 produced municipal solid
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2015
waste, etc. the least common type of waste was e waste like computers, keyboards, etc. this
was mainly generated in the IT and BPO sector.
Fig. 123: Kinds of waste produced
5.2.4.2
Water waste
The waste water is produced by many industries but the disposal system for the waste water
produced in the industrial processes is not handled properly. Almost 75% of the samples
survey which produced water as a waste disposed the water by directly putting it to the drain.
Only 17 samples reported that the water is treated in self-operated ETP in which the water is
treated before being put to drain.
Fig. 124: Waster water disposal system.
5.2.4.3
Recyclable metal scrap
Metal scrap is the second most significant waste produced in the survey. Jaipur has a lot of
metal industry which is a result of power availability in the region. As per the survey
conducted with 102 samples in the city, 41% of the industries reported that the waste so
produced is sold to the other industries in the near vicinity for further use. 41% of the samples
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2015
reported that the metal scrap is sold to the recycler as the size produced is very small and
cannot be used in any other product. Some of the industries (17%) disposed the metal scrap
with municipal solid waste as the quantity of waste produced was not significant.
Fig. 125: Metal waste disposal.
5.2.4.4
Municipal solid waste
Municipal solid waste is generated on every day basis on the industrial areas. Almost all the
industries contribute to municipal solid waste. In the industrial areas in the study area the
management of solid waste is very poor. Waste collection points were seen all through the
industrial area.
Fig. 126: Municipal Solid waste.
In the survey conducted for 102 samples it was found that 72% of the solid waste generators
threw it to the nearest convenient location near the industry. Only around 11% of the
industrialist took pains and threw the waste produced to the nearest collection point from
where the municipal corporation collects it for final disposal. Only around 5% of the
industries self-consumed the solid waste produced and 6% had the door to door collection
system.
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5.2.5 Administrative setup

5.2.5.1
Year of establishment
The scale of industrial activity also depends upon the duration since when the industry has
been active in the area. in India before the linearization, the policy did not promoted MSME
hence major thrust in the sector has come after that.
post 2010
18%
before 1990
6%
1990-2000
23%
2000-2010
53%
Fig. 127 : Year of establishment of industries.

In the primary survey consisting of 102 samples major industries have been developed after
1991, the liberation policy. Major industrial areas have also been developed after 1990. From
1990-2000 total of 23 industrial area have been developed constituting to about 23% of the
sample size. The major development has occurred from 2000-2010 where more than 54
industries were developed making 54% in the survey. Due to scarcity of water and manpower
the growth rate has rerated and only 18% of the ind ustries have been developed since 2010 in
the survey.
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6.0
2015
OBSERVATION AND RECOMENDATIONS
For formulation of planning guidelines and completion of the study planning guidelines for
developing industrial areas in Jaipur the holistic understanding about the functioning of
industrial areas is needed. To have the same functioning and functional requirements of the
industrial areas was studied but the help of literature from around the world and case studies.
Not much research on industrial area planning has been done in the past to understand the
planning requirements for MSME as every industry has a different requirement. The existing
industrial areas were visited to understand the local conditions and ground reality of the
layouts planned on paper this indicated for a further study into the planning guidelines for the
industrial areas which have been changing from time to time to accommodate to the needs of
industries. The planning guidelines from the different states was analyzed and compared to
find the framework in Rajasthan.
To understand the needs and expectations of the industrialist from industrial area primary
survey was conducted. Total of 102 Samples from 5 industrial areas were analyzed. The
understanding from the literature and the surveys conducted by the scholar it was realized
that the observations and recommendations for the can be grouped into 5 categories:
1) Site Zoning
2) Land uses
3) Infrastructure
4) Environment
5) Administration
6.1
Site Zoning
a)
During the study of policies from different states it was observed that every state had
a minimum area for planning industries. In the state of Rajasthan which is not evident.
The Minimum area for planning inclusive industrial area need to be 40 Hectares
as it is the ideal size for making an inclusive industrial area.
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Minimum area for industrial estate providing for social infrastructure:
(As per UDPFI guidelines 5000 population is the smallest unit.)

Residential Population 5000
with average household size of 5 Total houses = 1000
With a density of 100 PPA the area required to accommodate 5000 population with social
Infrastructure Shall Be 50 Acres.

Assuming that each household has 2 working members in the industrial area, total no. of workers
= 2000
Per unit employment in MSME 6.24 (MSME overview 2009)
Hence, total number of industries required to employ the working population living in the
neighborhood = 2000/6.24 = 320.35 (320 Units)
The minimum lot size for the industry is 500 Sq.M. as per the state norms.
So, total Area required for industries = 320*500 = 160256 /4036 = 39.70 acres (40 Acres
approx.)
The production area in the layout is only 60%, hence total area required shall be 66.66 Acres.
Therefore the total area to house the residential population, Industrial units and the infrastructure
becomes 66.66+50 = 116.66 Acres (43 Hectares approx.)
As per the CIDCO policy which plans for integrated industrial areas in the state of
Maharashtra, 40 Hectares is the minimum developed area required to plan industrial estate.
b)
In the industrial area during the field survey it was observed and reported by the
industrialist during the primary survey that due to the nearby industries of non-cohesive
nature in the surrounding like i.e. construction material and food product, textile near metal
posed challenges to the industrialist during operation and quality control.
The industrial areas must be developed keeping in mind the future inhabitants of
the area and industries of similar nature and ty pe must be clubbed together in
the layout.
c)
Due to the polluting industries in the industrial area the air pollution levels were high,
this not only affected the industrial workers but also the workers of the nearby industries and
residential areas.
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2015
Polluting industries must be housed separately on the leeward side of the wind
direction with respect to the city as well as the industrial area. Buffers with nonoccupant land uses like green belts, road, services, etc. must be provided.
d)
In the industrial area the valuable byproducts of the industrial processes were sold to
the industries located in the other industrial area of the city which fed as the raw material for
their processes.
The developer developing the industrial area should promote the industries
whe re the waste of one industry is utilize d as a raw material for the other
industry. This shall help in making the industrial processes more sustainable as
cost of transport shall be saved.
Fig 128. Flow of raw material for developing sustainable industrial areas.
Source: Numb
e)
Location of industrial areas with respect to the connectivity to the road network was
the primary concern to the industrialist as most of the raw material and finished goods were
transported via road network.
The industrial area should be ideally located close to the highway and must have
a connectivity with existing/proposed Sector road not less than 30 Mts. wide
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6.2
2015
Land Use Plan
a) While studying the layouts of industrial areas planned in Jaipur it was see n that
industrial areas not only need industrial land but also require supporting land uses like
residential, Institutional, services and green open spaces.
b) In the layouts it was analyzed that the ratio of saleable and non-saleable is less. More
area is dedicated for the infrastructure provisions of higher order.
In the planning for industrial area, the saleable and non-saleable area
must be 65-35 to accommodate for the higher order infrastructure
facilities.
The saleable areas must include Industrial - 42-47%, Residential 15%

(Min.)- 20%(Max.) And Commercial 3% land.
The non-saleable area (35%) must include Open green spaces (5%),
Services including institutional provision (10%), Road network.
c) In the industrial area planned for MSME it was seen that more than 50% of the land
allotted to the industries was utilized for storage of raw material or processed goods.
The
industrial areas
should
be
provided
with
common/shared
warehousing facility which the industrialist can use making more space
available for production.
d) The average plot size in the industrial area was seen to be 750 Sq. Mt. where no plot
of less than 500 Sq. Mt. was seen.
The size of the industrial plot less than 500 Sq. Mt. is not feasible as the
smalle r plot size shall not be able to cater to the needs of growing
industry.
e) 3 percent of land is reserved for commercial activity, large chunks of commercial

areas are provided in the layout but most of the commercial land is undeveloped and
area lying vacant. Instead informal commercial (Tea Stalls) are seen at every cross
junction approximately 500-700 Mts.; encroaching upon the footpaths and sidewalks
of the roads.
Small size comme rcial plots up to 10 Sq. Mts. must be provided at

strategic locations at cross junctions to facilitate the commercial growth
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2015
in the industrial area and discourage the informal sector as it is one of the
major causes of encroachments.
f) The residential areas are mainly occupied by the HIG and MIG forcing the industrial
workers of EWS and LIG to squat in the surrounding areas.
g) Residential area for workers is reserved as 5% only which shall not be enough to
For making an integrated towns hip almost 30% of area needs to be

dedicated for residential use. Industrial workers belonging to the EWS
and LIG are the worst affected in industrial areas and are usually seen
squatting on the road sides or in the nearby vacant land.
15 % of the land must be reserved for EWS and LIG and should be
developed by the developer or transferred to Housing board for making
affordable housing for industrial workers.
The provision should be made in terms of flats G+3 to attain higher

density.
h) In industrial area higher order of road hierarchy is needed, so approximately 25% area
is under roads. It has been seen from the survey that most of the supply reaches to the
industrial area by trucks which need wider roads.
The minimum road width in the industrial area must be 12 Mts. (40 Feet).
To facilitate highe r sized plots the minimum road width should be 18 M
(60 Feet). No collector roads less than 24 Mts. (80 Mts.)
i) Open and green spaces in the industrial areas act as breathing spaces. They area one
of the most important part of the industrial setup and constitute to around 5% of the
total developed area. Space for developing green spaces is left in the layout but the
spaces have not been developed.
The developer must provide for 5% of the developed area as open green
spaces which need to be developed and maintained by the developer until
the area is transferred to the Nagar Nigam or 3 years whichever is later.
144
6.3
2015
Infrastructure
a) Water and electricity are the major needs of the industrial infrastructure.
Space for Electric substation and Overhead water tank must be centerally
provided in the layout. The space for service must be a contiguous plot
not less than 1000 Sq. Mt.
b) Parking Spaces for goods vehicles is provided in Bagru industrial area then too the
parking is done off Road or in the undeveloped open green spaces.
c) The parking facility is ancillary activity to the industrial area. Weigh Bridges, Food
Joints, Dhabas, Dormitories to accommodate facilities for drivers come up as a part of
informal sector.
Industrial area must have provision for parking space for goods vehicle
with comme rcial facilities like restaurants and dormitories to facilitate
the truck drivers.
Space for petrol pump and weigh bridge must be provided in the layout
close to parking area.
d) Vacant plots and undeveloped open green spaces are most venerable locations to be
taken up for parking, Establishment of informal commercial shop or a waste
collection point.
The industrialist must develop the allotted plot within 5 years of the
allotme nt and must mandatorily start the production within 8 years from
the allotment. Penalty must be imposed for delaying the development.
e) The list of infrastructure facilities expected at the neighborhood level is specified.
The expected infrastructure to be developed by the developer and made

operational are, Street Lighting, Street Furniture, Drainage, Sewer
system, Electrical and Wate r supply system, Sewage treatment plant,
Common effluent treatment plant, and parking area.
f) The level of infrastructure is to be specified in, i.e. the capacity of STP, ETP or Power
station.
145
2015
Depending upon the type of industry and its require ments of

infrastructure the facilities need to be decided which could be developed
in common and operated on PPP basis.
g) The industrial areas not only require physical infrastructure but require social and
economic infrastructure which acts as a backbone for the area. in some industrial
areas where the space in the layout was insufficient, open green spaces were utilized
to make provisions.
The social infrastructure facilities like Dispensary/ s mall nursing home,

Police post, post office, telephone exchange, petrol pump must be
provided in the layout.
The facilities need to be provided if they are not available within the 3 Km
radius of the development being done.
6.4
Environment
a) Land for Industrial waste processing unit is provided in Bagru but the unit has not
been setup till date. In the other industrial areas the land is not earmarked for the unit.
The industrial waste processing unit needs to be integral part of the

layout and must be developed before the industries are allowe d to ope rate
in the area. The facility needs to be developed by the developer and may
be leased for operation.
b) Poor industrial waste management was seen in all the industrial areas as the waste was
casually thrown at the nearest convenient point.
c) Non Functional Waste collection system as a result of administrative quarrel between
RIICO and Municipal Corporation.
The industries must be bound to dispose the waste with the industrial
waste processing unit. The waste can be either collected on door to door
basis or sent to the processing plant.
The waste collection from the industries can be on PPP model where in
the services charges are paid by the industries.
d) Seasonal Water bodies adjacent to the industrial areas are encroached upon by
squatters for making temporary houses or have turned into industrial waste collection
pockets.
146
2015
The area under the natural resources like water bodie s or mountain must
be earmarked and protected by the controlling agencies as this land is
most prone to encroachments.
e) Absence or Nonfunctional effluent treatment plants to treat water before being

disposed to the drain.
The cost of installation and operation for ETP is high. To save on the cost
the industries put the untreated wate r to the drain, running ETP on small
scale is costly, common ETP should be proposed where effluent from
different industries is sent for treatment.
6.5
Administrative Setup
a) Locational aspect of the township must be specified and it should be in coherence to

the development plan of the region. It has been observed that the industrial areas have
not developed at the places earmarked in the master plan but have come up at other
locations.
The Master plan of the area must be referred before giving approval for
the industrial area and it should be ensured that until the area specified in
the development plan is taken up approvals in other areas should not be
given.
b) The proposal of public private partnership is not given in the policy. The development
of industrial areas is either in hands of public sector (RIICO) or in hands of private
developers. this poses difficulty in getting approvals to the private players and
funding to the public sector.
Public Private Partnership (PPP) models must be proposed to facilitate

the development of industrial areas.
c) The process of approval must be a single window system as it becomes tedious for the
developer to obtain number of approvals and clearances.
Single window clearance system is being promoted in various fields, for

the setting up of industrial area the system must be developed where all
the approvals of Land conve rsion, Layout, Environme nt, etc. are sought
through single application.
147
2015
d) The management of infrastructure and service post development of the area has bee n
specified in the guidelines taking the advantage of which the developer leaves it on
local municipal body and the municipal body leaves it on the developer.
The area afte r making the proposal and initial allotme nt the manage ment
of services must be done by the developer until they are transferred to the
local bodies or the industrialist must have the right to complain against
the developer and seek penalty for the delay.
e) In the industrial area the profitable land uses are sold much faster than the industrial
plots hence in the policy it was seen that the development of commercial and
residential land can be started only once the infrastructure is prepared and primary
allotment of more than 50% of the plots has been done. This at times results in nondevelopment of commercial activities long time even after some industries have
started production.
In the industrial area developed the profitable land uses like Residential
and large Comme rcial should only be allowe d to be allotted in proportion
to the industrial plot allotment.
148
7.0
2015
CONCLUSION
Conducting the study Planning Guidelines for Industrial Areas in Jaipur as final
dissertation for masters degree in planning (Urban Planning) at Department of Architecture
and planning, Malaviya National Institute of Technology it can be concluded that industrial
area planning is a vast un explored area in the field of planning research. Not much literature
on the same is available as very few studies have been taken up to understand the
requirements of industries as far as planning of industrial areas id concerned. With the limited
time duration available for the study Jaipur was taken as the study area.
During the study available literature was studied to understand the needs of industrial area
and guidelines from neighboring states were referred and compared with the guidelines in
study area. The suggestions after study were looked upon for suitability in existing
administrative setup in the state. Existing industrial areas were observed and primary survey
was conducted to analyze the existing condition of the industrial area and compared to the
planned layouts to ascertain the ground reality of industrial areas.
It was analyzed that different industries have different requirements for infrastructure
facilities and amenities. The need for facilities also keeps changing with change in industrial
processes. Hence, to have a general guideline for development if industrial area for MSME is
not possible. But a generic guideline is required to regulate the development.
The study gives recommendations of generic nature and feels the need for much deeper
understanding of industrial processes to have environment friendly, sustainable and efficient
planned industrial areas.
149
2015
BOBLIOGRAPHY
1.
Audra, J Potts Carr. Choctaw Eco-Industrial Park: an ecological approach to industrial

land-use planning and design landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 42, Issues 24, 7
December 1998, Pages 239-257. Web accessed on 03 march 2015.
2.
CRSIL, for Department of Industries and Commerce. Pre-feasibility report for

development of model industrial area at Hassan. CRSIL 2012. Web http://www.iddkarnataka.gov.in/docs/43.MIAHassan.pdf accessed on Feb. 13, 2015
3.
Census of India. PCA Jaipur 2011
4.
C. Scott Dempwolf ,(2009). An Evaluation of Recent Industrial Land Use Studies: Do

Theory and History Matter in Practice?.
http://communityinnovation.berkeley.edu/presentations/A_Review_of_Industrial_Land_
Use_Studies_Dempwolf.doc. Accessed on 05 may 2015
5.
RIICO (Rajasthan Industrial and investment Corporation) Jaipur. Brief Profile . RIICO
2014. Web http://riico.co.in/RIICO-Profile.pdf , accessed on Jan 09, 2015.
6.
Department of industries, Government of Rajasthan. Rajasthan Industrial and Investment

policy 2010. DIC 2010, Web rajind.rajasthan.gov.in/Investment_Policy_2010_English.pdf , Accessed on Jan 09,
2015
7.
Department of Urban development, Housing and Local Self Government, Government of

Rajasthan. Rajasthan Township policy 2010(above 10 Hectares) and Policy for
Residential, Group housing and other schemes in the private sector (Up to 10 Hectares).
UDH-2010. Web - http://india.gov.in/rajasthan-township-policy-2010above-10hectares?page=45. Accessed on Jan. 09, 2015.
8.
Friso De Vor and L.F. de Groot, Henri.the impact of industrial sites on residential
property values A hedonic pricing analysis for the Netherlands Journal of regional
studies, volume45, issue 5, 2011 page 609-623.
9.
Government of India, Ministry of MSME. Brief industrial profile of Jaipur district. DIC
2012. Web - http://dcmsme.gov.in/dips/DIPR_Jaipur.pdf , accessed on Jan. 09, 2015
150
10.
2015
Government of India, development commissioner (MSME), Ministry of Micro, Small &

Medium Enterprise. Definition of Micro, Small and Medium scale Enterprises. Webhttp://www.dcmsme.gov.in/ssiindia/defination_msme.htm accessed on Feb.13, 2015.
11.
Goel, Deepika; Impact of Infrastructure on Productivity: Case of Indian Registered

Manufacturing; Working Paper No. 106 Centre for Development Economics
12.
Government of India, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Indian Meteorological department,

Meteorological Center, Jaipur. "Climate of Jaipur. IMD 2011
13.
Government of India, Micro, Department of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises.

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises an overview. MSME - 2009
14.
Government of Punjab, Department of Industries and Commerce (Industries Bench).

Guidelines for the development of Industrial Parks/Estates/Agro Parks/ITI Parks, by
Private Entrepreneurs/Agencies in the state. DIC May 2005. (Letter No. CC/JDP/IP2003/CLU/3497).
15.
Government of Kerala, Information and Technology department. Guidelines for setting

up private integrated IT & Hi tech Parks on the basis of new IT policy 2012. ITD 2013
(Letter No. G.O (Ms)No. 10/2013/ITD
16.
Jaipur development authority. Master Development plan 2011. JDA 1994
17.
Jaipur development authority. Master Development plan 2025. JDA 2012
18.
Jaipur Nagar Nigam. Ward map of Jaipur municipal area 2013
19.
Karnataka Industrial Area Development board. Guidelines for development of Industrial

estate. KIADB 2010.
20.
Kulshestra, Dr. S.K, Personal Interview, 26 February 2015, Delhi
21.
Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation, Development control rules for MIDC,

MIDC 1999 (Letter no. TPB/4395/353/CR-135/95/UD-11).
22.
Rajasthan state pollution control board. Categorization of industries/ projects / processes

/ activities / mines. RPCB 2013. (Letter no. No. F. 14 (23) Policy / RPCB/PLG/ 1054810587)
23.
RIICO (Rajasthan Industrial and investment Corporation) Jaipur. Write-up on industrial

areas in Jaipur north . RIICO 2014. Webhttp://riico.co.in/new/upload/Write%20up%20on%20Jaipur%20North.pdf. , accessed on
Jan 09, 2015.
151
24.
2015
Salvador del saz-salazar, Leandro Garcia-Menndez. Public provision versus private

provisions on industrial land : a hedonic approach. Journal of Land use policy 22(2005)
page 215-223.
25.
Town and Country Planning, Haryana. Policy regarding grant of licenses of development
of industrial colony/cyber park / cyber city. TCP 2013 (Letter no. 7/16/2006 2TCP)
26.
Waghmare, Sanjay; Personal Interview, 27 Jan. , 09 Feb., 16 Feb., 02 Mar., 2015.
152
2015
ANNEXURES
Annexure I
INDUSTRIAL AREA SURVEY FORMAT
153
SURVEY CONDUCTED AS A PART OF MASTERS THESIS PROGRAMME IN URBAN PLANNING AT
MALAVIYA NATIONAL INSTITUITE OF TECHNOLOGY (MNIT) JAIPUR

The information provided shall not be disclosed and shall only be used for educational Purposes.
Researcher : Ankit Kashmiri Gupta
Guide: Ar. Nand Kumar
HOD: Ar. Ram Niwas Sharma
INDUSTRIAL AREA SURVEY: JAIPUR REGION

Location: __________________________ Scale of Industry:
Medium
Small
1. Name / Type of Industry: _________________________________________________________

2. Pollution
Polluting
Non Polluting
3. Clearance from Pollution control board
Taken
4. Year of establishment: ___________________

5. Road Width in front
12M
Area: Plot___________
Sufficient
15M
Not Taken
cant say
Insufficient
18M
Built-up__________
24M
30M+
6. Raw material required for the production comes via

Local
Road
Railways
Airways
Communication Network
7. Mode of transport used (Local) for bringing raw material and sending processed products
Containers
Truck
Goods carrier
Animal carts
8. Existing Condition of infrastructure facilities in the area:

S. NO
Facility
Required / Not required
1.
ELECTIRCITY
2.
WATER
3.
LABOUR
Hrs. per day
Sufficiency
9. What is the total number of staff / labour employed in the industry:
Requirement/month
____________________
10. What is the average commuting distance of the staff / labour employed?
Within the area
0-2 Kms.
2-5Kms.
5-10 Kms.
>10 Kms
11. Bus / common transport facility provided by the factory for the workers
NO
YES
if yes then
BUS
VAN
12. Where would you like to have accomodations for industrial workers
Within industrial area
Near By
If it is provided on rental basis would you like to take it.

13. Public transport facility
Efficient
In same factory
Yes
No
inefficient
14. Public transport facility (Low floor buses) interval

Page 1 of 4
5 Mins
15 Mins
30 Mins
15. Green / Open space inside the industrial areas
45 Mins
Maintained
16. Requirement for parking Space for truck/loading vans Sufficient

Provided within
on road parking
on vacant plot
1 Hr.
Not Maintained
insufficient
dedicated parking
17. What is the kind of waste / by product produced in the industry

a. Water
Quantity per day_________________________
b. Metal scrap
Quantity per day_________________________
c. Organic waste
Quantity per day_________________________
d. Slurry
Quantity per day_________________________
e. Sewage
Quantity per day_________________________
f.
Quantity per day_________________________
Municipal Solid waste
g. Toxic waste
Quantity per day_________________________
h. E-waste
Quantity per day_________________________
18. How is the waste disposed

Water
Put to Drain
Treated and put to drain
sent to common ETP
Metal Scrap
Disposed with municipal waste
sold to recycler
sold to other industry
composting
burnt
Organic waste
Disposed with municipal waste
casually thrown
solid waste
Door to door collection
Disposed within the industry
Thrown to nearest convenient point
Disposed at nearest collection point
Sewage
SUMP/soak pit
Sewage line
STP self-owned
Toxic waste
Thrown with municipal waste
Self-disposed
Given to a disposing agency
E waste
Thrown with municipal waste
Given to a recycler
Page 2 of 4
19. What are the social and infrastructure facilities are needed in the industrial areas and what should be a
feasible distance
Group
Worker housing (WH) individual
GREEN
Parks / open space
COMMERCIAL
HOUSING
FACILITY
ESSENTIAL
OPTIONAL NOT
REQUIRED
PREFERRED DISTANCE TO THE

FACILITY
0-1
1-3
3-5
5+
KM
Kms
Kms
Km.
WH Rental
Commercial milk/tea booth

Commercial local shopping
Commercial - Mall
Commercial - multiplex
ECONOMIC
INFRA.
INSTITUTIONS
Primary School
Night schools
Industrial training Inst.
Degree college
Professional Colleges
Banks
Bank with locker
ATM
Post office / Courier
Telephone exchange
FACILITIES
SOCIAL FACILITIES
Police station
Fire station
Petrol pump
Parking loading vehicles
Weigh Bridge
Hotel
Dormitory
Guest House
HEALTH
CARE
Dispensary / Nursing Home

Intermittent hospital (30 bed)
Hospital
Page 3 of 4
Any other suggestions pertaining to infrastructure in industrial area?

_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Any problems faced due to proximity of other industry or other activities?
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Page 4 of 4

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A

PLANNING GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING INDUSTRIAL

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING

Mr. Nand Kumar

Mr. Tarush Chandra

Mr. Ram Niwas Sharma

Ankit Kashmiri Gupta

This document describes work undertaken as part of a programme of study at

Ankit Kashmiri Gupta

Problem Identification ................................................................................................. 2

Need of the Study ........................................................................................................ 3

Study Area Profile ....................................................................................................... 4

Research Questions ..................................................................................................... 5

Scope and Limitation .................................................................................................. 5

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW .............................................................................. 8

Importance of Industrial Areas.................................................................................... 9

Micro Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (MSME) ............................................. 12

Manufacturing enterprises ............................................................................... 12

Service enterprises ........................................................................................... 13

Industrial Policy in India ........................................................................................... 14

Problems and Prospects of Industrial Estates............................................................ 19

Characteristics of Industrial Land ............................................................................. 20

Industrial Area Development Guidelines in India..................................................... 22

Guidelines in state of Punjab ........................................................................... 22

Guidelines in state of Haryana ......................................................................... 26

Guidelines in state of Karnataka ...................................................................... 28

Guidelines in state of Kerala ............................................................................ 31

Guidelines in state of Maharashtra................................................................... 33

Guidelines in state of Rajasthan....................................................................... 36

Industrial Area Layouts.................................................................................... 40

CHAPTER 3: STUDY AREA .............................................................................................. 51

Physical Characteristics of Jaipur ............................................................................. 51

Geographical location and regional setting...................................................... 51

Land use pattern ............................................................................................... 53

City area ........................................................................................................... 55

Physical infrastructure: .................................................................................... 61

Water supply: ................................................................................................... 61

Solid waste generation ..................................................................................... 63

Health care facilities......................................................................................... 68

Recreation and socio-cultural facilities............................................................ 69

Development Scenario .............................................................................................. 75

CHAPTER 4: CASE STUDY: STUDY OF EXISTING INDUSTRIAL AREAS ........... 77

Sitapura Industrial Area ............................................................................................ 77

BAGRU INDUSTRIAL AREA ................................................................................ 86

VISHVAKARMA INDUSTRIAL AREA (VKAI) .................................................. 93

JHOTWADA INDUSTRIAL AREA...................................................................... 100

BINDAYAKA INDUSTRIAL AREA.................................................................... 105

Inferences ................................................................................................................ 111

CHAPTER 5: PRIMARY SURVEY ................................................................................. 113

Survey of Industries ................................................................................................ 113

Site Zoning........................................................................................................... 114

Scale of industries ......................................................................................... 114

Pollution ........................................................................................................ 115

Commuting distance ..................................................................................... 115

Land Use Planning............................................................................................... 116

Industrial plot area ........................................................................................ 116

Number of floors ........................................................................................... 116

Green open spaces......................................................................................... 117

Housing ......................................................................................................... 117

Labor requirement......................................................................................... 119

Parks and open green spaces ......................................................................... 119

Commercial ................................................................................................... 120

Guest house ................................................................................................... 124