A Wetpaint Site Signed In: Jadhavgaurav (Sign

• A Wetpaint Site
• Signed in: jadhavgaurav(
sign out
• My Wetpaint
•
• My Sites
• Go to » all of my sites
• Create Your Own Site
Submit
• Home
• Discussions
• Photos
• Videos
• News
• Updates
• Droplets
• Members
• Invite
• My Profile (1 new)
• Apply to be a Writer
• Email page
• More tools
• Share this
Vitamins
VITAMIN B1 THIAMINE
Overview
Vital to normal functioning of the nervous system…
Benefits
Keeps normal workings of nervous system…
Natural Sources
Baked Potato, Beef kidney/liver…
How to Use
The best form due to its high bioavailability...
Cautions
Consult your doctor if you have liver or kidney disease…
Deficiency
Fatigue, depression, decreased mental functioning…
Overdose
Hypersensitive reactions resembling anaphylactic shock…
Side Effects
Wheezing - Obtain emergency treatment immediately…
Interactions
Antibiotics - Decreases thiamine levels…
Overview:
Vitamin B-1, otherwise known as thiamine, is necessary for most every cellular reaction
in the body as a participant in an enzyme system known as thiamin pyrophosphate. It is
vital to normal functioning of the nervous system and metabolism. It can be found in
meat, whole grains, fish, and nuts.
How This Vitamin Works in Your Body:

Maintains health of mucous membranes
Keeps normal workings of nervous system, heart, and muscles
Helps treat herpes zoster and beriberi
Supports normal growth and development
Restores deficiencies caused by alcoholism, cirrhosis, overactive thyroid, infection,
breastfeeding, absorption diseases, pregnancy, prolonged diarrhea, and burns
Reduction of depression, fatigue, and motion sickness
Potential improvement in appetite and mental alertness
The Following May Benefit from this Vitamin:

Alcohol or other substance abusers by accelerating metabolism
Those with poor nutritional dietary intake
Age greater than 55 years old
Women who are breastfeeding or pregnant
Recent surgery patients
Those with liver disease, overactive thyroid, or prolonged diarrhea
Where This Vitamin is Found:

Baked Potato
Beef kidney/liver
Brewer's yeast
Flour; rye and whole grain
Garbanzo beans (chickpeas), dried
Ham
Kidney beans, dried
Navy beans, dried
Orange juice
Oranges
Oysters
Peanuts
Peas
Raisins
Rice, brown and raw
Wheat germ
Whole-grain products
How to Use:
Available as:
Liquid: the best form due to its high bioavailability and fast absorption. Always choose
liquid as your first choice when supplementing your diet.
Tablets: available
Recommended Daily Intakes

Men: 1.2 mg
Women: 1.1 mg
Pregnancy: 1.4 mg
Lactation: 1.5 mg
Cautions:
Consult your doctor if you have:
Liver or kidney disease.
Over 55:
Not overly necessary.
Pregnancy:
Keep doses within DRI.
Breastfeeding:
Storage:
Out of direct light and away from children in a cool, dry place. Heat/moisture may
change effectiveness.
Symptoms of Deficiency:
Symptoms include fatigue, depression, decreased mental functioning, muscle cramps,
nausea, heart enlargement, and eventually beriberi. Alcoholics are at increased risk of a
deficiency.
Overdose:
Signs of Overdose:
Hypersensitive reactions resembling anaphylactic shock
Drowsiness
Side Effects:
Reaction or effect: What to do:
Skin rash/itch Discontinue. Consult doctor immediately.
Swelling of face Discontinue. Consult doctor immediately.
Wheezing Obtain emergency treatment immediately.
Interactions:
Interacts with: Combined effect:
Antibiotics: Decreases thiamine levels
Muscle relaxers during surgery: Excessive muscle relaxation.
Oral contraceptives: Decreases thiamine levels
Werknickes encephalopathy treatment: Before taking glucose, take thiamine.
VITAMIN B2 RIBOFLAVIN
Overview
Essential to energy generation, nerve development...
Benefits
Keeps healthy mucous membranes linings...
Natural Sources
Beef liver, dairy products...
How to Use
Liquid: the best form due to its high bioavailability...
Cautions
Consult your doctor if you are pregnant...
Deficiency
Fatigue, red, swollen, cracked mouth and tongue...
Overdose
Itching, numbness, a burning sensation...
Side Effects
Yellow urine (in large doses), No needed action...
Interactions
Antidepressants (tricyclic) - faReduces B-2 efficacy...
Overview:
Vitamin B-2, otherwise known as riboflavin, is readily absorbed from foods, such as
meat, dairy products, and fortified grains. This vitamin is essential to energy generation,
nerve development, blood cell development, and the regulation of certain hormones.

Releasing food energy
Normal growth and development
Keeps healthy mucous membranes linings together with vitamin A
Keeps healthy brain and nervous system, skin, hair, and blood cells
Essential for iron, pyridoxine, and niacin functions
Could increase growth of body during development stages
Potential treatment for cheilitis
The following may benefit from this supplement:

People with needed nutritional supplements
Pregnant or breastfeeding women
Substance abusers
People with excess stress or who have undergone recent surgery
Hyperthyroidism sufferers
Participants in vigorous physical activity

Bananas
Beef liver
Dairy products
Eggs
Enriched breads
Fortified cereals
Ham
Mixed vegetables
Pork
Tuna
Wheat germ
How to Use:
Available as:
Tablets: available

Men: 1.3 mg
Women: 1.1 mg
Pregnancy: 1.4 mg
Lactation: 1.6 mg
Cautions:
Are or planning to be pregnant.
Over 55:
Increased need for riboflavin.
Pregnancy:
Keep within DRI.
Breastfeeding:
Keep within DRI.
Storage:
Heat and/or moisture may alter the vitamin. Refrigeration is recommended.
Symptoms include red, swollen, cracked mouth and tongue; fatigue; depression; anemia;
and greasy, scaly skin. The formation of cataracts may be a result of this vitamin
deficiency.
Overdose:
Signs of Overdose:
None expected in individuals with normal kidney functioning. However, in rare cases,
symptoms may be itching, numbness, a burning sensation, or light sensitivity.
Side Effects:
Reaction or effect : What to do
Yellow urine (in large doses) : No needed action.
Interactions:
Interacts with : Combined effect
Antidepressants (tricyclic) : Reduces B-2 efficacy.
Phenothiazines : Reduces B-2 efficacy.
Probenecid : Reduces B-2 efficacy.
Alcohol/Tobacco products : Reduces B-2 efficacy.
VITAMIN B3 NIACIN
Overview
Creates enzymes that are essential to metabolic cell activity…
Benefits
Decreases cholesterol and triglycerides in blood…
Natural Sources
Beef liver, Brewer’s yeast…
How to Use
Cautions
Consult your doctor if you are diabetes…
Deficiency
Dermatitis on the hands and face, weakness…
Overdose
Body flush, nausea, diarrhea, weakness…
Side Effects
Abdominal pain, urine darkening – Discontinue…
Interactions
Antidiabetics - Reduction in antidiabetic effect…
Overview:
Vitamin B-3, otherwise known as niacin, acts like other B vitamins to create enzymes
that are essential to metabolic cell activity, synthesize hormones, repair genetic material,
and maintain normal functioning of the nervous system. Great sources of this vitamin
may be found in meat, fish, and whole grains.

May treat pellagra
Decreases cholesterol and triglycerides in blood
Large doses dilate blood vessels
Handles ear ringing and dizziness
Essential for genetic material repair
Potential reduction in heart attacks, depression, and migraine headaches
Poor digestion could be improved
The following may benefit from this supplement:

Anyone with poor dietary intake
Substance abusers
Severe burn or injury patients
Infants with congenital metabolic disorders

Beef liver
Brewer’s yeast
Chicken, white meat
Dried beans/peas
Fortified cereals
Halibut
Peanut butter
Peanuts
Pork/ham
Potatoes
Salmon
Soybeans
Swordfish
Tuna
Turkey
How to Use:
Available as:
Tablets: available

Men: 16 mg
Women: 14 mg
Pregnancy: 18 mg
Lactation: 17 mg
Cautions:
Diabetes
Gout
Gallbladder or liver disease
Arterial bleeding
Glaucoma
Over 55:
Individualized doses recommended.
Pregnancy:
Do not use. Fetus may be at risk.
Breastfeeding:
Always consult doctor during lactation. Keep within DRI.
Storage:
Symptoms include dermatitis on the hands and face, weakness, loss of appetite, sore
mouth, diarrhea, anxiety, depression, and dementia.
Overdose:
Signs of Overdose:
Signs of an overdose may include body flush, nausea, diarrhea, weakness,
lightheadedness, headache, fainting, high blood sugar, high uric acid, heart-rhythm
disturbances, and jaundice.
Side Effects:
Abdominal pain : Discontinue. Consult doctor immediately.
Urine Darkening : No action needed.
Diarrhea : Discontinue. Refer to your doctor soon.
Headache : Discontinue. Refer to your doctor soon.
Faintness : Discontinue. Refer to your doctor soon.
Feeling hot : No action needed.
Jaundice : Discontinue. Consult doctor immediately.
Dry Skin : Discontinue. Refer to your doctor soon.
Interactions:
Antidiabetics : Reduction in antidiabetic effect.
Beta-adrenergic blockers : Incredibly low blood pressures.
Chenodiol : Reduction in chenodiol effect.
Guanethidine : Raises guanethidine effect.
Isoniazid : Reduction in niacin effect.
Mecamylamine : Incredible reduction in blood pressure.
Pargyline : Incredible reduction in blood pressure.
Ursodiol : Reduction in ursodiol effect.
Tobacco : Reduction in niacin effect.
Alcohol : Incredible reduction in blood pressure.
VITAMIN B5 PANTOTHENIC ACID
Overview
Coenzyme involved in energy metabolism of…
Benefits
May relieve stress and fatigue...
Natural Sources
Avocados, Bananas, Blue cheese…
How to Use
Cautions
Consult your doctor if you are hemophilia…
Deficiency
Excessive fatigue, sleep disturbances, loss of…
Side Effects
Diarrhea – decrease dose – refer to your doctor…
Interactions
Tobacco - Absorbs less of vitamin…
Overview:
Vitamin B-5, otherwise known as pantothenic acid, is a coenzyme involved in energy
metabolism of carbohydrates, protein, and fat. Great sources of this vitamin include eggs,
nuts, and whole-wheat products.

Helps normal growth and development
Helps release food energy
Could hasten healing of wounds in animals
May relieve stress
May lessen fatigue
The following may benefit most from this supplement:

Those with increased nutritional needs
Substance abusers
Those under prolonged stress
Those having undergone recent surgery
People with vigorous physical activity levels

Avocados
Bananas
Blue cheese
Broccoli
Chicken
Collard greens
Eggs
Lentils
Liver
Lobster
Meats, all kinds
Milk
Oranges
Peanut butter
Peanuts
Peas
Soybeans
Sunflower seeds
Wheat germ
Whole-grain products
How to Use:
Available as:
Tablets: available

Men: 5 mg
Women: 5 mg
Pregnancy: 5 mg
Lactation: 5 mg
Cautions:
Hemophilia
Over 55:
No problems should occur.
Pregnancy:
Keep within DRI. Always consult doctor during pregnancy.
Breastfeeding:
Keep within DRI. Always consult doctor during lactation.
Storage:
Symptoms include excessive fatigue, sleep disturbances, loss of appetite, nausea or
dermatitis. However, these symptoms are rare and if they occur, they may indicate other
B vitamin deficiencies.
Side Effects:
Diarrhea : Decrease dose. Refer to your doctor soon.
Interactions:
Levodopa : Vitamin may reduce effect of medicine.
Tobacco : Absorbs less of vitamin.
Vitamin and Mineral Chart
Fat Soluble Vitamins can be stored in the body and need not be consumed daily. While it
is difficult to "overdose" on them from ordinary sources, consuming mega doses of fat
soluble vitamins, especially A and D, can lead to a dangerous buildup in the body.
Abbreviations: IU=International Units; mg=milligrams; mcg=micrograms.
Vitamin/Mineral Sources Indication Efficacy Claims

Vitamin A Liver, fortified Essential for Deficiency:
Retinol Milk (Retinol eyes, skin and Night
Men: 3 000 IU form - see the proper blindness;
Women: 2 700 IU below for function of the reduced hair
Carotene immune growth in
sources.) system. Helps children; loss
maintain hair, of apetite; dry,
bones and rough skin;
teeth. lowered
resistance to
infection; dry
eyes.
Overdose:
Headaches;
blurred vision;
fatigue;
diarrhea;
irregular
periods; joint
and bone pain;
dry, cracked
skin; rashes;
loss of hair;
vomiting, liver
damage.
The
antioxidant
properties of
Carrots, Antioxidant.
this nutrient
Beta Carotene Squash, Converted to
may be a
(Pro-Vitamin A) Broccoli, Vitamin A in
factor in
(See Vitamin A) Green Leafy the body. (See
reducing the
Vegetables Vitamin A)
risk of certain
forms of
cancer.
Deficiency:
Rickets in
children; bone
softening in
Egg Yolk, adults;
Helps build and
Milk, osteoporosis.
maintain teeth
Vitamin D Exposure to
and bones.
Men: 100 IU sun enables Overdose:
Enhances
Women: 100 IU body to make Calcium
calcium
its own deposits in
absorption.
Vitamin D. organs; fragile
bones; renal
and
cardiovascular
damage.
Vitamin E Corn or Antioxidant. Deficiency: The
Men: 9-10 mg Cottonseed Helps form red Rare, seen antioxidant
Women: 6-7 mg Oil, Butter, blood cells, primarily in properties of
Brown Rice, muscles and premature or this nutrient
Soybean Oil, other tissues. low birth may be a
Vegetable oils Preserves fatty weight babies factor in
or children
who do not
absorb fat
such as Corn, reducing the
properly.
Cottonseed or risk of certain
acids. Causes nerve
Soybean, Nuts, forms of
abnormalities.
Wheat Germ. cancer.
Overdose:
Unknown.
Deficiency:
Green Defective
Vegetables, blood
Vitamin K Needed for
Liver, also coagulation.
None established. normal blood
made by
Estimated at 0.03 mcg/kg clotting.
intestinal Overdose:
bacteria. Jaundice in
infants.
VITAMIN B6 PYRIDOXINE
Overview
Affect the body’s use of protein, carbohydrates…
Benefits
Promotes healthy skin, hair, and normal red…
Natural Sources
Potatoes, Salmon, Shrimp…
How to Use
Cautions
Stress resulting from illness, burns…
Deficiency
Weakness, mental confusion, irritability, nervousness…
Side Effects
Depression when taking with oral contraceptives…
Interactions
Tobacco/alcohol - Reduces vitamin absorption rates…
Overview:
Vitamin B-6, otherwise known as pyridoxine, performs as a coenzyme to carry out
metabolic processes that affect the body’s use of protein, carbohydrates, and fat. It helps
to convert tryptophan to niacin, and may be found in meat, fish, eggs, milk, and whole
grain foods.

Promotes healthy cardiovascular, nervous, and immune systems
Supports healthy skin, hair, and normal red-blood-cell formation
Assists in production of food energy
Possible anemia treatment
Treatment of cycloserine and isoniazid poisoning
Keeps normal homocysteine levels
Functions as a tranquilizer
Important for Healthy nerve and muscle functioning
Blood cholesterol may decrease
Inflammation of arthritis and carpal-tunnel syndrome may be reduced
Reduction of PMS symptoms
May reduce asthma symptoms
Increases levels of serotonin to ease sleep
The following people may benefit from taking this supplement:

Substance abusers
Long periods of excess stress
Estrogen and oral contraceptive users
Hyperthyroidism sufferers
Those with high homocysteine levels

Avocados
Bananas
Beef liver
Chicken
Fortified cereals
Ground beef
Ham
Hazelnuts (filberts)
Lentils
Potatoes
Salmon
Shrimp
Soybeans
Sunflower seeds
Tuna
Wheat germ
How to Use:
Available as:
Tablets: available

Men: 1.3 mg
Men (Over 50): 1.7 mg
Women: 1.3 mg
Women (Over 50): 1.5 mg
Pregnancy: 1.9 mg
Lactation: 2.0 mg
Cautions:
Stress resulting from illness, burns, accident, or recent surgery
Intestinal problems
Liver disease
Overactive thyroid
Sickle-cell disease
Over 55:
A marginal deficiency of this vitamin is more likely to occur.
Pregnancy:
Keep dosage within DRI.
Avoid large doses. May cause pyridoxine dependency syndrome in child.
Breastfeeding:
Large doses may cause dependency in child.
Storage:
Symptoms include weakness, mental confusion, irritability, nervousness, inability to
sleep, hyperactivity, anemia, skin lesions, tongue discoloration, and kidney stones.
Overdose:
Signs of Overdose:
Sustained periods of large doses may cause irreversible nerve damage. The excess of
vitamin B-6 may also lead to kidney stone formation.
Side Effects:
Depression when taking with oral contraceptives : Stop use and consult your doctor.
Large doses may cause dependency : Keep doses within DRI.
Large doses for several months severe sensory neuropathy : Stop use and consult doctor
immediately.
Interactions:
Estrogen or oral contraceptives : Reduces vitamin absorption rates.
Tobacco/alcohol : Reduces vitamin absorption rates.
Phenytoin : Large doses affect medicine absorption.
Levodopa : Keeps medicine from controlling Parkinson’s symptoms.
Chloramphenicol, cycloserine, ethionamide, hydralazine, isoniazid, penicillamine, and
immunosuppressants : Excretion of vitamin increased and may cause anemia or
peripheral neuritis.
VITAMIN B9 FOLIC ACID/FOLATE
Overview
Important to reproduction of all body cells…
Benefits
Promotes a healthy pregnancy…
Natural Sources
Potatoes, Salmon, Shrimp…
How to Use
Cautions
Anemia, a need for methotrexate…
Deficiency
Anemia, mood disorders and gastrointestinal disorders…
Side Effects
Diarrhea - Discontinue. Consult doctor immediately…
Interactions
Methotrexate - Folic acid efficacy reduced…
Overview:
Vitamin B-9, otherwise known as folic acid, serves as a coenzyme during the creation of
DNA. This vitamin is also very important to the growth and reproduction of all body
cells, including red blood cells. Great food sources of vitamin B-9 include liver and dark
green leafy vegetables.

Formation of red blood cells
Creation of genetic material
Promotes a healthy pregnancy by regulating the nervous system development of the fetus
Helps treat anemic patients resulting from folic acid deficiency
Functions to metabolize proteins
Cervical dysplasia may be reduced
The Following People May Benefit from the Consumption of This Vitamin:
Pregnant or breastfeeding women or those planning to become pregnant
Oral contraceptive users
Substance abusers
Those who have undergone partial removal of the gastrointestinal tract

Asparagus
Avocados
Bananas
Beans
Beets
Brewer’s yeast
Brussels sprouts
Cabbage
Calf liver
Cantaloupe
Citrus fruits/juices
Endive
Fortified grain products
Garbanzo beans (chickpeas)
Green, leafy
vegetables
Lentils
Sprouts
Wheat germ
How to Use:
Available as:
Tablets: Available as tablet. Swallow whole with a full glass of liquid without chewing or
crushing. Take with or 1 to 1-1/2 hours after meals unless otherwise directed by your
doctor.

Men: 400 mg
Women: 400 mg
Pregnancy: 600 mg
Lactation: 500 mg
Cautions:
Anemia
Taking methotrexate
Over 55:
Not overly necessary.
Pregnancy:
Always consult doctor during pregnancy. Keep within DRI.
Breastfeeding:
Always consult doctor during lactation. Keep within DRI.
Storage:
Symptoms include anemia, mood disorders and gastrointestinal disorders. Neural tube
defects may occur when a deficiency occurs during pregnancy.
Overdose:
Signs of Overdose:
In large doses, the following may occur:
Loss of appetite
Nausea
Flatulence
Abdominal distension
May produce folacin crystals in kidney
Side Effects:
Urine is bright-yellow : No action necessary.
Diarrhea : Discontinue. Consult doctor immediately.
Fever : Discontinue. Refer to your doctor soon.
Shortness of breath resulting from anemia : Discontinue. Refer to your doctor soon.
Skin rash : Discontinue. Consult doctor soon.
Interactions:
Analgesics : Folic acid efficacy reduced.
Antacids : Folic acid efficacy reduced.
Antibiotics : Low false results for serum folic acid test may occur.
Anticonvulsants : Folic acid and anticonvulsant efficacy reduced.
Chloramphenicol : Folic-acid deficiency occurs.
Cortisone drugs : Folic acid efficacy reduced.
Epoetin : Folic acid efficacy reduced.
Methotrexate : Folic acid efficacy reduced.
Oral contraceptives : May need increased consumption of folic acid.
Phenytoin : Phenytoin effect reduced. Avoid taking folic acid if you are a patient taking
phenytoin.
Pyrimethamine : Folic acid and pyrimethamine efficacy reduced. Keep away from
combination.
Quinine : Folic acid efficacy reduced.
Sulfa drugs : Effect of folic acid decreased.
Triamterene : Effect of folic acid decreased.
Trimethoprim : Effect of folic acid decreased.
VITAMIN B12 CYANOCOBALAMINE
Overview
Performs as a coenzyme for the creation of DNA…
Benefits
Promotes growth and cell development…
Natural Sources
Dairy products, Eggs, Flounder…
How to Use
Cautions
Consult your doctor if you have anemia…
Deficiency
Nausea, loss of appetite, sore mouth…
Side Effects
Diarrhea - Discontinue. Consult doctor immediately…
Interactions
Tobacco/Alcohol - Reduces the absorption of vitamin…
Overview:
Vitamin B-12, otherwise known as cyanocobalamin, performs as a coenzyme for the
creation of DNA material. It also promotes growth and cell development and is important
to fat, carbohydrate, and protein metabolism. Although vitamin B-12 is not found in plant
foods, good sources of this supplement include meats, fish, eggs, and dairy products.

Growth and development of nerve, skin, hair, and blood cells
Produces genetic material
Metabolizes amino and fatty acids
Works to release food energy
Helps treat Alzheimer’s disease
May help sufferers of nervous disorders
Could improve immune system
May see increase in energy and memory
The Following May Benefit from the Consumption of This Vitamin:

Vegans
Substance abusers
Those with chronic illnesses or recently undergone surgery, especially removal of
portions of gastrointestinal tract
Burn and recently injured patients
Those with malignancies of the pancreas or bowels

Beef
Beef liver
Blue cheese
Clams
Dairy products
Eggs
Flounder
Herring
Liverwurst
Mackerel
Milk
Oysters
Sardines
Snapper
Swiss cheese
How to Use:
Available as:
Tablets: available

Men: 2.4 mcg
Women: 2.4 mcg
Pregnancy: 2.6 mcg
Lactation: 2.8 mcg
Cautions:
Anemia.
Over 55:
Those with achiorhydria may absorb less.
Pregnancy:
Breastfeeding:
Storage:
Symptoms include nausea, loss of appetite, sore mouth, diarrhea, abnormal gait, loss of
sensation in hands and feet, confusion, memory loss, and depression. Harmful anemia
may be a result of this deficiency.
Overdose:
Signs of Overdose:
When taken in conjunction with large doses of vitamin C, nosebleeds, ear bleeding, or
dry mouth may occur.
Side Effects:
Diarrhea : Stop use and call doctor.
Skin itching : Obtain emergency treatment immediately
Interactions:
Tobacco/Alcohol : Reduces the absorption of vitamin.
Antibiotics : False low test results for vitamin may result.
Chloramphenicol : If vitamin is being used to treat anemia, response may be hindered.
Cholestyramine : Reduces the absorption of vitamin.
Colchicine : Reduces the absorption of vitamin.
Epoetin : Reduces the absorption of vitamin.
Folic acid : Vitamin deficiency masked in large doses.
Neomycin (oral forms) : Reduces the absorption of vitamin.
Potassium (extended-release forms) : Reduces the absorption of vitamin.
VITAMIN C ASCORBIC ACID
Overview
Participates in oxidation-reduction reactions...
Benefits
May prevent or reduce symptoms of the common cold & infections...
Natural Sources
Orange juice, lemons, guave, tangerines...
How to Use
Oral tablets, time release formulas, orange juice...
Cautions
Consult your doctor if you have kidney stones...
Deficiency
Muscle weakness, swollen gums, loss of teeth, tiredness...
Overdose
Flushed face, headache, increased urination, lower abdominal cramps...
Side Effects
Headache - Call Doctor Immediately...
Interactions
Tobacco decreases absorption...
Overview:
Vitamin C is essential for the manufacturing of collagen, necessary for tissue repair. It is
needed for metabolism of phenylalanine, tyrosine, folic acid, iron. Vitamin C is also vital
for healthy immune and nervous systems because it strengthens blood vessels, as it is an
antioxidant that participates in oxidation-reduction reactions. Also, it is required for
utilizing carbohydrates and synthesizing fats and proteins.

Vitamin C is one of the most crucial vitamins in your body for the very fact that plays a
large role in hundreds of the body’s functions.
The most plentiful tissue in the body is collagen, which is a connective tissue. The
primary role of Vitamin C is to help this connective tissue. Because collagen is the
defense mechanism against disease and infection, and because Vitamin C helps build
collagen, it makes sense that it is also a remedy for scurvy by contributes to hemoglobin
production. It promotes the production of red-blood-cell in bone marrow. Ascorbic Acid
also supports healthy capillaries, gums, teeth, and even helps heal wounds, burns, and
broken tissues. It contributes to hemoglobin and red-blood-cell production in bone
marrow while even preventing blood clots. The list goes on. It helps heal urinary-tract
infections, and helps treat anemia.
Another large benefit of this vitamin is the fact that it plays a large role in the production
of antibodies. When the immune system is being overworked, for example when a cold
strikes or when your body is wounded, Vitamin C comes in to play by beefing up the
white blood cell count and function. It also functions as a promoter of interferon, a
compound that fights cancer. An example of this would be blocking production of
nitrosamines which are thought to be carcinogenic
Other functions of Vitamin C include:

Tthe promotion of iron absorption and calcium absorption.
Aids adrenal gland function
Reduces free-radical production
May reduce cholesterol
Potential protection against heart disease
May prevent allergies
May reduce symptoms of arthritis, skin ulcers, allergic reactions
Possible relief of herpes infections of eyes and genitals
May prevent periodontal disease
May reduce toxic effect of alcohol and drugs
May promote healing of bed sores
May retard aging
May improve male fertility
Additional Vitamin C may be required for:

Anyone with inadequate caloric or nutritional dietary intake.
People receiving kidney dialysis.
People over 55 years of age.
Those with recent burns or injuries.
Users of alcohol or tobacco
Those with a chronic illness, such as hyperthyroidism, AIDS, cold exposure, acute illness
with fever, or tuberculosis.
People with infection.
Those under prolonged periods of stress.
Post surgery patients.
Those who are continually exposed to toxins.

Fruits
Grapefruit
Guava
Lemons
Mangos
Orange juice
Tomatoes
Strawberries
Vegetables
Black currants
Broccoli Oranges
Brussels sprouts
Cabbage Peppers, sweet and hot
Collards Potatoes
Green peppers
Kale
Papayas
Rose hips
Spinach
Tangerines
Watercress
How to Use:
Consume fresh fruits lightly cooked or raw.
Steaming vegetables may reduce Vitamin C concentration.
Leaving food exposed to light and air may decease concentration.
Available as:
Tablets: taking 1.5 hours after a meal is generally recommended. Effervescent is also
available.
Injectable forms are available from your doctor.
Cautions:
Gout
Kidney stones
Sickle-cell anemia
Iron storage disease
Over 55:
Intake of specific vitamins may decrease as you age, therefore extra supplementation may
be necessary.
Side effects are more frequent.
Pregnancy:
Do not take doses greater than RDA.
Choose a prenatal multivitamin with Vitamin C because bone development, teeth, and
tissue formation of the fetus are developing.
Megadoses during pregnancy may result in deficiency symptoms after birth.
Breastfeeding:
Continue prenatal vitamins.
Storage:
Prolonged healing of wounds
Easy bruising
Frequent infections
Prolonged colds
Scurvy: weak muscles, fatigue, loss of teeth, bleeding gums, depression, bleeding beneath
the skin
Swollen or painful joints
Nosebleeds
Anemia: tired, paleness
Overdose:
Signs of Overdose:
Overdose of oral forms: headache, increased urination, flushed face, nausea or vomiting,
lower abdominal cramps, diarrhea. May feel like the flu or common cold.
Injectable forms may result in dizziness or fainting. : Discontinue vitamin and consult
doctor immediately.
Dial 911 or 0 or Poison Control Center immediately.
Side Effects:
Anemia : Discontinue. Call doctor immediately.
Flushed face : Discontinue. Call doctor when convenient.
Headache : Discontinue. Call doctor when convenient.
Increased frequency of urination : Discontinue. Call doctor when convenient.
Lower abdominal cramps : Seek emergency treatment
Mild diarrhea : Decrease dose. Call doctor when convenient.
Nausea or vomiting : Seek emergency treatment.
Rebound scurvy-like symptoms : Call doctor when convenient If you decide to reduce
dose, do so
gradually to prevent deficiency symptoms.
Interactions:
Aminosalicylic acid (PAS for tuberculosis) : Increases chance of formation of drug
crystals in urine.
Large doses of vitamin C must be taken to produce this effect.
Anticholinergics : Decreases anticholinergic effect.
Anticoagulants (oral) : Decreases anticoagulant effect
Aspirin : Decreases vitamin-C effect.
Barbiturates : Decreases vitamin-C effect. Increases barbiturate effect.
Calcium : Assists in absorption of calcium.
Copper : Decreases absorption of copper. Large doses of vitamin C must be taken to
produce this effect.
Iron supplements : Increases iron effect.
Quinidine : Decreases quinidine effect.
Salicylates : Decreases vitamin-C effect
Sulfa drugs : Decreases vitamin-C effect. May cause kidney stones.
Tetracyclines : Decreases vitamin-C effect.
Tobacco/Alcohol : Decrease absorption of vitamin.
VITAMIN D CHOLECALCIFEROL/SUNSHINE VITAMIN
Overview
Used to absorb calcium and phosphorus to create bone…
Benefits
Promotes normal cell growth and maturation…
Natural Sources
Sunlight, Tuna, Vitamin-D-fortified milk…
How to Use
Cautions
Consult your doctor if you have anemia…
Deficiency
Bone pain and tenderness and muscle weakness…
Side Effects
Headache - Discontinue. Consult doctor immediately…
Interactions
Antacids with magnesium - People with kidney failure should…
Overview:
Vitamin D, otherwise known as the sunshine vitamin, is significant in normal body
growth and development. In particularly, vitamin D is used to absorb calcium and
phosphorus to create bone. Great sources of this supplement include fortified milk, oily
fish, liver, and eggs.

Absorbs calcium and phosphorus to aid in the development of bones and teeth
Promotes normal cell growth and maturation
Prevents rickets
Maintains a healthy nervous and immune system
Treats low blood calcium with patients with kidney disease
Potential reduction in breast and colon cancer
Aging symptoms may be treated
The Following May Benefit from Taking Vitamin D:

Kids living in places with little sunshine
Those who need additional nutritional intake
People over 55 who receive little sunshine, such as those in nursing homes
Substance abusers
Those under prolonged stress
Those with partially removed intestinal tracts
Dark-skinned individuals
Babies who are breastfed
Vegan vegetarians
Cystic fibrosis patients
Cod-liver oil
Egg substitutes
Halibut-liver oil
Herring
Mackerel
Salmon
Sardines
Sunlight
Tuna
Vitamin-D-fortified milk
How to Use:
Available as:
Tablets: available
Men: 200 IU
(over 50) 400 IU
(over 70) 600 IU
Women: 200 IU
(over 50) 400 IU
(over 70) 600 IU
Pregnancy: 200 IU
Lactation: 200 IU
Cautions:
Have planned pregnancy while taking vitamin D
Epilepsy
Heart or blood-vessel disease
Kidney, liver or pancreatic disease
Chronic diarrhea
Intestinal problems
Sarcoidosis
Over 55:
Higher potential for adverse reactions and side effects.
Pregnancy:
Always consult doctor during pregnancy. Abnormalities within the fetus may occur in too
high of a dose. Remember to keep within the DRI.
Breastfeeding:
It is vital to normal growth and development of the child to get the correct intake of
vitamin D. Always consult doctor during lactation. Remember to keep within the DRI.
Storage:
Symptoms include bone pain and tenderness and muscle weakness. In children, rickets
may occur, in which bones lose calcium and become soft and curved. Without proper
intake, there is an increased risk of osteoporosis, arthritis, and cancer.
Overdose:
Signs of Overdose:
High blood pressure
Irregular heartbeat
Nausea
Weight loss
Seizures
Abdominal pain
Appetite loss
Mental-and physical-growth retardation
Premature hardening of arteries
Kidney damage
Side Effects:
Loss of appetite : Discontinue. Refer to your doctor soon.
Constipation : Discontinue. Refer to your doctor soon.
Dry mouth : Discontinue. Refer to your doctor soon.
Headache : Discontinue. Consult your doctor immediately.
Increased thirst : Discontinue. Refer to your doctor soon.
Mental contusion : Discontinue. Consult your doctor immediately.
Nausea or vomiting : Discontinue. Consult your doctor immediately.
Unusual tiredness : Discontinue. Refer to your doctor soon.
Interactions:
Antacids with aluminum : Absorption of vitamin D reduced.
Antacids with magnesium : People with kidney failure should be aware of possibly too
much magnesium
in the blood.
Anticonvulsants : Vitamin efficacy may be reduced.
Barbiturates : Vitamin efficacy may be reduced.
Calcitonin : Calcitonin effect reduced when treating hypercalcemia.
Calcium (high doses) : Risk of hypercalcemia increased.
Cholestyramine : Vitamin absorption reduced.
Colestipol : Vitamin absorption reduced.
Cortisone : Vitamin absorption reduced.
Digitalis preparations : Heartbeat irregularities increased.
Diuretics, thiazide : Hypercalcemia risk increased.
Hydration : Vitamin efficacy may be reduced.
Mineral oil : Absorption of vitamin D increased.
Phosphorus- containing medicines : Risk increased of too much phosphorus in blood.
Primidone : Vitamin efficacy may be reduced.
Vitamin-D derivatives : Increased potential for toxicity due to additive effects.
Alcohol : Depletes storage of vitamin D in liver.
VITAMIN E ALPHA TOCOPHEROL
Overview
Keeps excessive oxidation from occurring…
Benefits
Protects fats, cell membranes, DNA, and enzymes…
Natural Sources
Spinach, Sunflower seeds, Walnuts…
How to Use
Cautions
Consult your doctor if you have Cystic fibrosis…
Deficiency
Infant irritability, fluid retention, and anemia…
Side Effects
Breast enlargement - Discontinue. Refer to your doctor soon…
Interactions
Antacids - Vitamin-E absorption reduced…
Overview:
Vitamin E, otherwise known as alpha-tocopherol, serves as a cofactor in several enzyme
systems. It keeps excessive oxidation from occurring that could cause harmful effects in
the body. Great sources of vitamin E may be found in wheat germ, nuts and seeds, whole
grain cereals, eggs, and leafy greens.

Protects fats, cell membranes, DNA, and enzymes against damage
Encourages normal growth and development
Helps prevent vitamin E deficiency in premature infants and those with low birth weights
Acts as an antioxidant to protect against heart disease and cancer
Anti-blood clotting agent
Helps protect against prostate cancer
Improves immune system
Reduces risk of first fatal heart attack in men

Almonds
Asparagus
Avocados
Brazil nuts
Broccoli
Canola oil
Corn
Corn oil/margarine
Cottonseed oil
Fortified cereals
Hazelnuts (filberts)
Peanuts/Peanut oil
Safflower nuts/oil
Soybean oil
Spinach
Sunflower seeds
Walnuts
Wheat germ
Wheat germ oil
How to Use:
Available as:
Tablets: available

Men: 10 mg alpha TE (15 IU)
Women: 8 mg alpha TE (12 IU)
Pregnancy: 10 mg alpha TE (15 IU)
Lactation: 12 mg alpha TE (18 IU)
Cautions:
Iron-deficiency anemia
Bleeding or clotting problems
Cystic fibrosis
Intestinal problems
Liver disease
Overactive thyroid
Low-birth weight baby
Over 55:
Not problems should occur.
Pregnancy:
Always consult doctor during pregnancy. Keep dosage within DRI. Low-birth weight
babies at risk for deficiency.
Breastfeeding:
Storage:
Symptoms include in infants irritability, fluid retention and anemia. Adult symptoms may
include lethargy, loss of balance and anemia. There may be increased risk of heart
disease, cancer, and premature aging with marginal deficiencies.
Overdose:
Signs of Overdose:
Very high doses may cause:
Nausea
Flatulence
Headache
Fainting
Diarrhea
Tendency to bleed
Altered immunity
Impaired sex functions
Increased risk of blood clots
Altered metabolism of thyroid, pituitary and adrenal hormones
Side Effects:
Reaction or effect : What to Do
Abdominal pain : Discontinue. Consult doctor immediately.
Breast enlargement : Discontinue. Refer to your doctor soon.
Dizziness : Discontinue. Refer to your doctor soon.
Flu-like symptoms : Discontinue. Consult doctor immediately.
Headache : Discontinue. Refer to your doctor soon.
Nausea : Discontinue. Consult doctor immediately.
Tiredness or weakness : Discontinue. Refer to your doctor soon.
Vision blurred : Discontinue. Consult doctor immediately.
Interactions:
Antacids : Vitamin-E absorption reduced.
Anticoagulants, coumadin- or indandione-type : Spontaneous or hidden bleeding may
result.
Aspirin (long-term use) : May reduce blood doffing to greater extent than desired to
decrease cardiac
disease.
Cholestyramine : Absorption of vitamin E reduced.
Colestipol : Absorption of vitamin E reduced.
Iron supplements : Use of iron for with iron-deficiency anemia efficacy decreased.
Vitamin-E effect
reduced in healthy people.
Mineral oil : Absorption of vitamin E reduced.
Sucralfate : Absorption of vitamin E reduced.
Vitamin A : Aids absorption storage and utilization of vitamin A. Possible toxicity of
vitamin A reduced.
Vitamins and Minerals Chart
Water Soluble Vitamins are not stored in the body and should therefore be consumed
daily.
Vitamin/Mineral Sources Indication Efficacy Claims
Thiamine Sunflower Necessary for Deficiency:
Vitamin B1 Seeds, Pork, carbohydrate Anxiety;
Men: 0.8 - 1.3 mg whole and metabolism and hysteria;
Women: 0.8 mg enriched muscle depression;
Grains, dried coordination. muscle
Beans. Promotes cramps; loss of
proper nerve apetite; in
function. extreme cases
beriberi
(mostly in
alcoholics).
Overdose:
Unknown,
although
excess of one
B vitamin may
cause
deficiency of
others.
Needed for Deficiency:
metabolism of Cracks and
Liver, Milk, all foods and sores around
Riboflavin
Spinach, the release of the mouth and
Vitamin B2
enriched energy to cells. nose; visual
Men: 1.3 - 1.6 mg
Noodles, Essential to the problems.
Women: 1.1 mg
Mushrooms. functioning of
Vitamin B6 and Overdose: See
Niacin. Vitamin B1.
Needed in Deficiency:
many enzymes In extreme
that convert cases, pellagra,
food to energy. a disease
Helps maintain characterized
a healthy by dermatitis,
Niacin Mushrooms,
digestive tract diarrhea and
Vitamin B3 Bran, Tuna,
and nervous mouth sores.
Men: 16-23 mg Chicken, Beef,
system. In very
Women: 14-16 mg Peanuts,
large doses, Overdose:
Niacin is converted to enriched
lower Hot flashes;
niacinamide in the body. Grains.
cholesterol ulcers; liver
(large doses disorders; high
should only be blood sugar
taken under the and uric acid;
advice of a cardiac
physician). arrythmias.
Converts food
to molecular Deficiency:
Abundant in forms. Needed Unclear in
Pantothenic Acid
animal tissues, to manufacture humans.
Vitamin B5
whole grain adrenal
Men: 2.5 mg
cereals and hormones and Overdose:
Women: 2.5 mg
legumes. chemicals that See Vitamin
regulate nerve B1.
function.
Vitamin B6 Animal protein Needed for Deficiency:
Pyridoxine foods, protein Anemia,
Men: 1.8 mg Spinach, metabolism and irritability,
Women: 1.5 mg Broccoli, absorption, patches of
carbohydrate
itchy, scaling
metabolism.
skin;
Helps form red
convulsions.
Bananas. blood cells.
Promotes nerve
Overdose:
and brain
Nerve damage.
function.
Deficiency:
Pernicious
anemia; nerve
damage. (Note:
Deficiency rare
except in strict
Vitamin B12 Found almost Builds genetic
vegetarians,
Cyanocobalamin exclusively in material. Helps
the elderly or
Men: 2 mcg animal form red blood
people with
Women: 2 mcg products. cells.
malabsorption
disorders.)
Overdose:
See Vitamin
B1.
Deficiency:
Seborrhic
dermatitis in
infants. Rare in
adults, but can
Needed for
be induced by
metabolism of
consuming
Cheese, Egg, glucose and
large amounts
Biotin Yolk, formation of
of egg whites -
60 mcg Cauliflower, certain fatty
anorexia,
Peanut Butter acids. Essential
nausea,
for proper body
vomiting, dry
chemistry.
scaly skin.
Overdose:
See Vitamin
B1
Folic Acid (Folacin) Green, leafy Essential for Impaired cell Adequate
Men: 180-220 mg vegetables, the division; amounts of
Women: 160-190 mg Orange Juice, manufacture of anemia; this nutrient
organ Meats, genetic material diarrhea; in the first
Sprouts as well as gastrointestinal stage of
protein upsets. pregnancy
Overdose:
Convulsions in
may reduce
metabolism and epileptics. May
the risks of
red blood cell mask
neural tube
formation. pernicious
birth defects.
anemia (see
Vitamin B12
deficiency).
The
antioxidant
Antioxidant.
Deficiency: properties of
Helps bind cells
Muscle this nutrient
together and
weakness, may be a
strengthens
Vitamin C Citrus Fruits, bleeding gums; factor in
blood vessel
Ascorbic Acid Strawberries, easy bruising. reducing the
walls. Helps
Men: 40 mg Broccoli, In extreme risk of certain
maintain
Women: 30 mg Green Peppers cases, scurvy. forms of
healthy gums.
cancer. May
Aids in the
Overdose: reduce the
absorption of
Unknown. effects of the
iron.
common
cold.
Deficiency:
Rickets in
children;
Helps build osteomalacia
strong bones (soft bones)
and teeth. and
Promotes osteoporosis in
Milk, Yogurt, muscle and adults.
Calcium Cheese, nerve function.
Men: 800 - 1000 mg Sardines, Helps blood to Overdose:
Women: 700-800 mg Broccoli, clot. Helps Constipation,
Turnip Greens. activate Kidney Stones,
enzymes calcium
needed to deposits in
convert food to body tissues.
energy. Hinders
absorption of
iron and other
minerals.
Phosphorus Chicken With calcium Deficiency:
Men: 1000 mg Breast, Milk, builds bones (Rare)
Women: 850 mg (3-6 g) Lentils, Egg and teeth. Weakness;
bone pain;
Needed for
Anorexia.
metabolism,
Yolks, Nuts, body chemistry,
Overdose:
Cheese nerve and
Hinders body's
muscle
absorption of
function.
calcium.
Deficiency:
Nausea,
irritability,
muscle
weakness;
twitching;
cramps,
Activates
cardiac
enzymes
Spinach, Beef arrhythmias.
needed to
Greens,
Magnesium release energy
Broccoli, Overdose:
Men: 230 - 250 mg in body.
Tofu, Popcorn, Nausea,
Women: 200 - 210 mg Needed by cells
Cashews, vomiting, low
for genetic
Wheat Bran blood pressure,
material and
nervous system
bone growth
disorders.
Warning:
Overdose can
be fatal to
people with
kidney disease.
Deficiency:
Nausea,
anorexia,
Peanuts,
muscle
Bananas, Helps maintain
weakness,
Orange Juice, regular fluid
Potassium irritability.
Green Beans, balance.
Men: 40-80 mmol (Occurs most
Mushrooms, Needed for
Women: 40-80 mmol (3- often in
Oranges, nerve and
6 g) persons with
Broccoli, muscle
prolonged
Sunflower function.
diarrhea.)
Seeds.
Overdose:
Rare.
Iron Liver, lean Essential for Deficiency:
(Elemental) Meats, Kidney making Skin pallor;
weakness;
fatigue;
headaches;
shortness of
beans,
hemoglobin, breath (all
enriched
the red signs of iron-
Bread, Raisins.
Men: 8-10 mg substance in deficiency
Note: Oxalic
Women: 8-13 mg blood that anemia)
acid in spinach
acrries oxygen
hinders iron
to body cells. Overdose:
absorption.
Toxic buildup
in liver and in
rare instances
the heart.
Deficiency:
Slow healing
of wounds;
loss of taste;
retarded
Necessary growth and
Oysters,
element in delayed sexual
Shrimp, Crab,
Zinc more than 100 development in
Beef, Turkey,
Men: 12 mg enzymes that children.
whole Grains,
Women: 9 mg are essential to
Peanuts,
digestion and Overdose:
Beans.
metabolism. Nausea,
vomiting;
diarrhea;
abdominal
pain; gastric
bleeding.
Adequate
amounts are
found in
Seafood, Deficiency:
Antioxidant.
Kidney, Liver Unknown in
Interacts with
and other humans.
Vitamin E to
Selenium meats. Grains
prevent
0.05-0.2 mg and other Seed Overdose:
breakdown of
contain Finger nail
fats and body
varying changes, hair
chemicals.
amounts loss.
depending on
the soil
content.
Deficiency:
Component of
Rare in adults.
several
Infants may
enzymes,
develop a type
including on
The richest of anemia
needed to make
sources of marked by
skin, hair and
copper in the abnormal
other pigments.
Copper diet are Liver development
Stimulates iron
2-3 mg and other of bones, nerve
absorption.
organ Meats, tissue and
Needed to
Seafoods, Nuts lungs.
make red blood
and Seeds.
cells,
Overdose:
connective
Liver disease;
tissue and nerve
vomiting;
fibres.
diarrhea.
Deficiency:
Tea, whole
Unknown in
Grains and
humans.
Cereal Needed for
products are normal tendon
Overdose:
the richest and bone
Generally
Manganese dietary structure.
results from
2-5 mg sources. Component of
inhalation of
Adequate some enzymes
manganese
amounts are important in
containing dust
found in Fruits metabolism.
or fumes, not
and
dietary
Vegetables.
ingestion.
The
concentration
in food varies
depending on
Deficiency:
the Component of
Unknown in
environment in enzymes
humans.
Molybdenum which the food needed in
0.15-0.3 mg was grown. metabolism.
Overdose:
Milk, Beans, Helps regulate
Gout-like joint
Breads and iron storage
pain.
Cereals
contribute the
highest
amounts.
VITAMIN H BIOTIN
Overview
Essential to normal growth and development…
Benefits
Could relieve muscle pain and depression…
Natural Sources
Split peas, Tuna, Walnuts…
How to Use
Cautions
Heat and/or moisture may alter the vitamin…
Deficiency
Hair loss, dermatitis, anemia, muscle pain, loss of appetite…
Side Effects
No side effects should occur if taken within…
Interactions
Alcohol/Tobacco products - Absorption of biotin reduced…
Overview:
Vitamin H, otherwise known as biotin, is essential to normal growth and development
and overall health. Bacteria in the intestines produce enough biotin for the body so that
most people would not need an additional supplement of vitamin H. However, additional
great sources of vitamin H are found in egg yolks, fish, nuts, oatmeal, and beans.

Essential for release of food energy
Reduces symptoms of zinc deficiency
Functions in protein metabolism
Helps in the formation of fatty acids
Could relieve muscle pain and depression
People who consume large amounts of raw eggs may benefit from this supplement

Almonds
Bananas
Brewers yeast
Brown rice
Bulgur wheat
Butter
Calf liver
Cashew nuts
Cheese
Chicken
Clams
Eggs, cooked
Green peas
Lentils
Liver
Mackerel
Meats
Milk
Mushrooms
Oat bran
Oatmeal
Peanut Butter
Peanuts
Salmon
Soybeans
Split peas
Tuna
Walnuts
How to Use:
Available as:
Tablets: available

Men: 30 mcg
Women: 30 mcg
Pregnancy: 30 mcg
Lactation: 35 mcg
Cautions:
Over 55:
Pregnancy:
No problems should occur. Keep within the DRI.
Breastfeeding:
No problems should occur. Keep within the DRI.
Storage:
Symptoms are incredibly rare. However, if such a deficiency occurs, symptoms may
include hair loss, dermatitis, anemia, muscle pain, loss of appetite, lethargy, depression,
hallucinations, and lowered immunity.
Overdose:
Signs of Overdose:
Amounts in excess of the manufacturer’s suggested dosage is nontoxic.
Side Effects:
No side effects should occur if taken within the daily recommended amount.
Interactions:
Long term antibiotics (broad spectrum) : May lead to significant biotin deficiency.
Sulfonamides : May lead to significant biotin deficiency.
Alcohol/Tobacco products : Absorption of biotin reduced.
VITAMIN K PHYTONADIONE
Overview
Promotes normal blood clotting…
Benefits
Essential for kidney functioning…
Natural Sources
Brussels sprouts, Cabbage, Cheddar cheese…
How to Use
Cautions
Consult your doctor if you have Cystic fibrosis…
Deficiency
Clotting time, easy bleeding, and bruising…
Side Effects
Gastrointestinal upset - Discontinue…
Interactions
Antacids - Large amounts reduce vitamin efficacy…
Overview:
Vitamin K, otherwise known as phytonadione, promotes production factors critical to
normal blood clotting. When foods are processed or cooked, very little of vitamin K
contained in foods is lost. Great sources of this vitamin include dark leafy greens, oils
from green plants, and some dairy products.

Regulates normal blood clotting
Promotes normal growth and development
Essential for kidney functioning

Alfalfa
Asparagus
Broccoli
Brussels sprouts
Cabbage
Cheddar cheese
Green, leafy lettuce
Liver
Seaweed
Spinach
Turnip greens
How to Use:
Available as:
Tablets: available

Men: 80 mcg
Women: 65 mcg
Pregnancy: 65 mcg
Lactation: 65 mcg
Cautions:
Cystic fibrosis
Prolonged diarrhea
Prolonged intestinal problems
Taken any other medicines
Plans for surgery in the near future
Over 55:
No problems should occur. Keep within DRI.
Pregnancy:
Keep dosage within DRI. Always consult doctor during pregnancy.
Breastfeeding:
Keep dosage within DRI. Always consult doctor during lactation.
Storage:
Symptoms include prolonged clotting time, easy bleeding, and bruising. This deficiency
is rare in adults and normally limited to those with liver or food absorption disorders.
However, it may occur in premature babies.
Overdose:
Signs of Overdose:
Infants may have brain damage and impaired liver function.
Side Effects:
Hemolytic anemia in infants : Emergency treatment should be immediate.
Hyperbilirubinemia (too much bilirubin in the blood) in newborns or infants given too
much vitamin K,
marked by jaundice (yellow skin and eyes) : Emergency treatment should be immediate.
Allergic reactions, including:
Face flushing : Discontinue. Consult doctor immediately.
Gastrointestinal upset : Discontinue. Consult doctor immediately.
Rash : Discontinue. Consult doctor immediately.
Redness, pain or swelling at injection site : Discontinue. Consult doctor immediately.
Skin itching : Seek emergency treatment
Interactions:
Antacids (long-term use) : :Large amounts reduce vitamin efficacy.
Antibiotics, broad spectrum (long-term use) : Vitamin-K deficiency results.
Anticoagulants (oral) : Anticoagulant effect reduced.
Cholestyramine : Vitamin-K absorption reduced.
Colestipol : Vitamin-K absorption reduced.
Coumarin (isolated from sweet clover) : Decreases vitamin-K efficacy.
Dactinomycin : Decreases vitamin-K efficacy.
Hemolytics : Toxic side effects could result.
Mineral oil (long- term use) : Vitamin-K deficiency results.
Primaquine : Toxic side effects could result.
Quinidine : Vitamin-K deficiency results.
Salicylates : Vitamin K need increased.
Sucralfate : Decreases vitamin-K efficacy.
Sulfa drugs : Vitamin-K deficiency results.
Vitamin P (Bioflavinoids Phytochemicals)
Overview
Vitamin Penhances the use of vitmain C by...
Benefits
Promotes blood vessel health, including improving…
Natural Sources
Apricots, Bilberry, Blackcurrants, Broccoli…
How to Use
Liquid: the best form due to its high bioavailability…
Cautions
Consult your doctor if you medicate yourself…
Overview:
Vitamin P, otherwise known as flavinoids, enhances the use of vitamin C by improving
absorption and protecting it from oxidation. Great sources of this vitamin are found in the
edible pulp of fruits, green pepper, broccoli, and red wine.

Promotes blood vessel health, including improving capillary strength
Prevents accumulation of atherosclerotic plaque
Has anti-inflammatory properties acting against histamines
May help protect against infection and blood vessel disease
May lower blood pressure by relaxing smooth muscle of cardiovascular system
May inhibit tumor growth
May have estrogen-like activity
May prevent hemorrhoids, miscarriages, capillary fragility, nosebleed, retinal bleeding in
people with diabetes and hypertension
May lower cholesterol levels

Apricots
Bilberry
Blackcurrants
Broccoli
Buckwheat
Cherries
Citrus fruits
Ginkgo
Grapes
Green Pepper
Green tea
Hawthorn
Milk thistle
Onions
Red wine
Rose hips
Tomatoes
Yarrow
How to Use:
Available as:
Tablets: available

There are no daily recommended allowances for this vitamin.
Cautions:
Consult your doctor if you:
Medicate yourself
Take any of the following:
Aspirin
Laxatives
Cold and cough remedies
Antacids
Vitamins
Minerals
Amino acids
Supplements
Other prescription and OTC drugs
Pregnancy:
If you take supplements, tell your doctor.
Breastfeeding:
If you take supplements, tell your doctor.
Storage:
No reports exist of this deficiency.
Overdose:
Signs of Overdose:
No overdose symptoms are expected.
Side Effects:
Interactions:
Latest page update: made by dr.rufusrajadurai , Nov 30 2007, 3:47 PM
EST (about this update About This Update Edited by

dr.rufusrajadurai
564 words added

dr.rufusrajadura
i
view changes
- complete history)
Keyword tags: chart fruits nutrition vitamin
More Info: links to this page
Share this
Threads for this page

Start a New Thread as jadhavgaurav
Subject:
Message:
Keyword tags:
Watch this thread.

Post
Cancel
There are no threads for this page. Be the first to start a new thread.
Related Content
(what's this?Related ContentThanks to keyword tags, links to related pages and threads
are added to the bottom of your pages. Up to 15 links are shown, determined by matching
tags and by how recently the content was updated; keeping the most current at the top.
Share your feedback on Wetpaint Central.)
Constipation and
Bananas
Incontinence of Stool
Submit
JavaScript must be enabled in order for you to contribute to this site.

To start contributing, enable JavaScript by changing your browser options, then try again.
• Home
o 3D Medical Animation Library
o Actinic Keratosis
o Addiction
o ADHD-Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
o AIDS-Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome
o Alcohol and Drug Abuse
o Allergic Rhinitis
o Alzheimer's Disease
o Aneurysm
o Asthma
o Back Pain
o Bananas
o Bipolar Disorder
o Birth Control
o Blood
o Blood Cell Count
o Boils
o Bone Densitometry
o Breast Cancer
o Breast Reduction
o Cardiology
o Cholera
o Chronic Limb Ischemia
o Coffee Effect on Health
o Colorectal Cancer and Colonoscopy
o Computed Tomography(CT Scan) - ABDOMEN
o Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA)
o Constipation and Incontinence of Stool
o Degenerative Osteoarthritis
o Dental Cavity
o Depression and Suicide
o Diet & Nutrition Tips
o Diabetes Mellitus
o Diagnosis of pregnancy
o Dietary Fiber
o Download
o Drugs list and Drug Beneficial Effects and Side Effects
o Dysphagia and achalasia
o Eczema-Dermatitis
o Endoscopy
o Erectile Dysfunction
o Facelift-Cosmetic(Plastic) Surgery
o Facial And Skin Care
o Fever
o Gallstone Disease
o Gamma Radiation
o Genital Herpes
o Gonorrhea
o Groin Hernias
o Gynaecomastia
o Hair Loss
o Hepatitis C - Viral Infection
o Herbal Beauty care
o Home Treatment
o Human Anatomy
o Infectious Diseases in pregnancy
o Lasik
o Leukemia
o Liposuction
o Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Radiography-(Barium Enema)
o Lumbar Disc Herniation
o Lung Cancer
o MALARIA
o Medical Chronicles
o Menopause
o Migraine
o My Support all Time
o Normal and In Vitro Fertilisation
o Obstructive Jaundice
o Orthopedics
o Osteoporosis
o Other Useful Tips
o Our Daily Habits and it's Influence on Health
o Ovarian Cancer
o Over Reactive Bladder
o Peptic Ulcer Disease
o Pharyngeal pouch
o Positron Emission Tomography(PET Imaging)
o Proton Pump Inhibitor-PPI
o Psoriasis
o Public Awareness
o Rheumatoid Arthritis
o Schizophrenia
o Self Exam of Breast
o Simple Back Pain Exercises
o Stroke
o Subjects
o Symptom Checker
o Thrombolysis-DVT,Pulmonary Embolism
o Tonsillectomy
o Tuberculosis
o Ulcerative Colitis
o Urinary Tract Infection-UTI
o Varicose veins
o Vitamins
o Weight Loss
o X-Ray
o 3D Medical Animations
o Home page workbook(just for editing works)
o Site Testimonials
o Useful Links
o MCQ'S
start a free website
• Contact Wetpaint
• Wetpaint Blog
• Help
• Sitemap
• Feedback
• Privacy
• Terms of Use
• Other Sites:
• Australia Travel Wiki
• Scrapbooks
• How to Date
• Kerrydale Street
• HP Small Business Community Wiki.
• View more Wetpaint sites.

A Wetpaint Site Signed In: Jadhavgaurav (Sign

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Исходное описание:

Оригинальное название

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

A Wetpaint Site Signed In: Jadhavgaurav (Sign

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

• A Wetpaint Site

• Signed in: jadhavgaurav(

• Create Your Own Site

How This Vitamin Works in Your Body:

The Following May Benefit from this Vitamin:

Where This Vitamin is Found:

Recommended Daily Intakes

How This Vitamin Works in Your Body:

The following may benefit from this supplement:

Where This Vitamin is Found:

Recommended Daily Intakes

How This Vitamin Works in Your Body:

The following may benefit from this supplement:

Where This Vitamin is Found:

Recommended Daily Intakes

How This Vitamin Works in Your Body:

The following may benefit most from this supplement:

Where This Vitamin is Found:

Recommended Daily Intakes

Vitamin and Mineral Chart

Abbreviations: IU=International Units; mg=milligrams; mcg=micrograms.

Vitamin/Mineral Sources Indication Efficacy Claims

How This Vitamin Works in Your Body:

The following people may benefit from taking this supplement:

Where This Vitamin is Found:

Recommended Daily Intakes

VITAMIN B9 FOLIC ACID/FOLATE

How This Vitamin Works in Your Body:

Where This Vitamin is Found:

Recommended Daily Intakes

VITAMIN B12 CYANOCOBALAMINE

How This Vitamin Works in Your Body:

The Following May Benefit from the Consumption of This Vitamin:

Where This Vitamin is Found:

Recommended Daily Intakes

VITAMIN C ASCORBIC ACID

How This Vitamin Works in Your Body:

Other functions of Vitamin C include:

Additional Vitamin C may be required for:

Where This Vitamin is Found:

VITAMIN D CHOLECALCIFEROL/SUNSHINE VITAMIN

How This Vitamin Works in Your Body:

The Following May Benefit from Taking Vitamin D:

VITAMIN E ALPHA TOCOPHEROL

How This Vitamin Works in Your Body:

Where This Vitamin is Found:

Recommended Daily Intakes

Vitamins and Minerals Chart

How This Vitamin Works in Your Body:

Where This Vitamin is Found:

Recommended Daily Intakes

How This Vitamin Works in Your Body:

Where This Vitamin is Found:

Recommended Daily Intakes

Vitamin P (Bioflavinoids Phytochemicals)

How This Vitamin Works in Your Body:

Where This Vitamin is Found:

Recommended Daily Intakes

Latest page update: made by dr.rufusrajadurai , Nov 30 2007, 3:47 PM

EST (about this update About This Update Edited by

564 words added

Threads for this page