16

Impulse and Momentum

SOLVED OBJECTIVE PROBLEMS

1.

Hail storms are observed to strike the surface of the frozen lake at 300 with the vertical and rebound
at 600 with the vertical. Assume contact to be smooth, the coefficient of restitution is :
(a) e

(b) e

1
3

(c) e 3
(d) e = 3.
Ans.
(b)
Solution: Components of velocity before and after collision parallel to the plane are equal, So
v sin 60 = u sin 30
...(1)
Components of velocity normal to the plane are related to each other
v cos 60 =e u (cos 30)
...(2)
cot 60 = e cot 30

cos 60
cot 30
1

2.

3
3

1
e .
3

Two particles of masses m1 and m2 in projectile motion have velocities v1 and v 2 respectively at

time t = 0, They collide at time t 0 . Their velocities become v1 and v2 at time 2t 0 while still moving

in air. The value of m1 v'1 m 2 v' 2 m1 v1 m 2 v 2 is :

(a) 0

(b)

m1 m 2 gt 0

(c) 2 m 1 m 2 gt 0

(d)

1
m1 m 2 gt 0 .
2

Ans.
(c)
Solution: Before collision, the velocities of m1 and m2 at t0 are given as

v1 v1 gt 0 and v 2 v 2 gt 0
At t = 2 t0, the velocities of m1 and m2 are expresed as

v1 v1 2gt 0 and v2 v2 2gt 0

so,
(m1 v1 m 2 v2 ) (m1v1 m 2 v 2 ) 2(m1 m 2 )gt 0 .
3.

An electron of mass m moving with a velocity v collides head on with an atom of mass M. As a result
of the collision a certain fixed amount of energy E is stored internally in the atom. The minimum
initial velocity possessed by the electron is :

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Impulse and Momentum

17

(a)

2M m E
Mm

(b)

(c)

2M m E
Mm

(d) none of the above is correct.

Ans.

2ME
M m m

(c)
1 mM 2

v E
2Mm

Solution:

2M m E
.
Mm

A bullet of mass 0.01 kg, travelling at a speed of 500 ms-1, strikes a block of mass 2 kg, which is
suspended by a string of length 5 m, and emerges out. The block rises by a vertical distance of 0.1 m.
The speed of the bullet after it emerges from the block is :
(a) 55 ms-1
(b) 110 ms-1
(c) 220 ms-1
(d) 440 ms-1.
Ans.
(c)
Solution: By law of Conservation of Linear momentum
mu = mv +MV
...(1)
where m = mass of bullet
M = mass of block
u = velocity of bullet before collision
v = velocity of bullet after collision
V = velocity of block after collision
By law of Conservation of Energy
4.

Mgh =

1
MV 2
2

V = 2x 9.8x 0.1
V = 1.4 ms-1
Put in (1), we get
5 = 0.01v + 2(1.4)

5.

Ans.

2. 2
ms 1
0.01

v = 220 ms-1.

A 6000 kg rocket is set for vertical firing. If the exhaust speed is 1000 ms-1, the amount of gas that
must be ejected per second to supply the thrust needed to overcome the weight of the rocket is (g =
10 ms-1).
(a) 30 kg
(b) 60 kg
(c) 75 kg
(d) 90 kg.
(b)

Solution: M 0 g Thrust v

dM
dt

dM M 0 g 6000x10

kgs 1
=
dt
v
1000

dM 60000

60 kgs 1 .
dt
1000

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18

6.

Impulse and Momentum

A ball of mass m moving with a certain velocity collides against a stationary ball of mass m. The two
balls stick together during collision. If E be the initial kinetic energy, then the loss of kinetic energy in
the collision is
(a) E

(b)

E
2

E
3

(d)

E
.
4

(c)

Ans.
(b)
Solution: From COLM
mu = (m+m) v
v

u
2

1
1
u 2 mu 2
Final E 2mv 2 2m
2
2
4
4

Initial K.E.

1
mu 2 E
2

Loss Initial K.E. Final K.E.

7.

mu 2 mu 2 mu 2 E

2
4
4
2

The position of centre of mass of a system consisting of two particles of masses m1 and m2 separated
by a distance L apart from m1 is
(a)

m2L
m1 m 2

(b)

m1L
m1 m 2

(c)

m2L
m1 m 2

(d)

m1 L
m1 m 2 .

Ans.
(a)
Solution: Let centre of first body be origin and line joining them is taken as x-axis
rcm

m1r1 m 2 r2 m.0 m 2 L

m1 m 2
m1 m 2

Y
m1

m 2L
=m m .
1
2

8.

X
L

m2

Two particles of equal mass have velocities v1 4i m/s and v 2 4 j m/s. First particle has an accel
eration a1 (i j) m/s2 while the acceleration of the other particle is zero. The centre of mass of the

two particles moves on a :

(a) circle
(c) straight line
Ans.
(c)

m1 v1 m 2 v 2

Solution: COM
m1 m 2

(b) parabola
(d) ellipse.

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Impulse and Momentum

19

v1 v 2

2
2(i j) m/s

a1 a 2 1
a

(i j) m/s2
Similarly, COM
2
2

v COM is parallel to a COM the path will be a straight line.

9.

A 1 kg ball, moving at 12 ms-1, collides head-on with a 2 kg ball moving in the opposite direction at 24
ms-1.If the coefficient of restitution is

2
, then the energy lost in the collision is :
3
(b) 120 J
(d) 480 J.

(a) 60 J
(c) 240 J
Ans.
(c)
Solution: Initial momentum = Final momentum

m1u1 m 2 u 2 m1v1 m 2 v 2
(1) (12) + (2) (-24) = 1v1 + 2v2

v1 2v 2 36

...(i)

v 2 v1
Further e u u
1
2

2
v v1
2

3
24 12

2 v 2 v1

3
36

...(ii)

v 2 v1 24
Add (i) and (ii)
3v 2 12

v 2 4ms 1

v 1 28ms 1

2
Loss = Total Initial K.E. Total Final K.E. K.E. mv
2

Since
Total Initial K. E. =

1
1144 1 2576
2
2

E 1 72 576 648 J
Similarly, total final K.E.

1
1
E 2 (1)(784) (2)(16)
2
2
E2 = 392 + 16

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20

Impulse and Momentum

E2 = 408 J
Loss = 648 408
Loss = 240 J

10.

A man of mass 100 kg. is standing on a platform of mass 200 kg. which is kept on a smooth ice
surface. If the man starts moving on the platform with a speed 30 m/sec relative to the platform then
calculate with what velocity relative to the ice the platform will recoil?
(a) 5 m/sec
(b) 10 m/sec
(c) 15 m/sec
(d) 20 m/sec.
Ans.
(b)
Solution: Let us suppose that the platform recoils with speed V towards right, when the man moves with
speed W towards left, both velocities are taken relative to ice.
If V1 is the speed of the man relative to the platform, then

V W V1 . W V1 V
Since, initially both man and platform are at rest, therefore
MV = mW
where, M = mass of platform. and m = mass of the man.
or,
MV m(V1 V)
V

mV1
100 30

= 10 m/sec.
M m (200 100)

NA R AYA NA IIT AC A D E MY -CP 3, INDRA VIHAR, TALWANDI, KOTA(Raj.), Ph.No.- 0744-3200119, Website : www.narayanaiitkota.com