Statistics 503, Midterm, Friday 7/10/2015

Time: 90 minutes
Name (please print): __________________________
Show all your work and calculations for long computation questions. Points will be deducted when a)
false statements are shown in the solution to a problem, even if the final answer is correct; b) only a
single answer (number) is shownwithout any logical work details, even if the answer is correct.
This exam is closed-book. You may not consult any notes or books during this exam. However,
Calculators and one page cheat sheet are permitted.
Generally, you keep at least 3 significant decimal places during the work, and at least 2 significant
decimal places at the end and circle the final answer.
Please sign below to indicate your agreement with the following honor code.
Honor code: I have read through the above instructions. I promise not to cheat on this exam. I will
neither give nor receive any unauthorized assistance. I promise not to share information about this
exam with anyone who may be taking it at a different time. I have not been told anything about the
exam by someone who has already taken it.
Signature:

Question

Possible

Date:

Actual

1 Circle the right choice(7 points, 1 points each)

3

14

Total

50

1). Let A and B be events in the same sample

space with P(A) > 0 and P(B) > 0. Which one of
the following statements must be true?
A. P(A B) = P(A) + P(B) if A and B are
independent.
B. P(A) + P(B) = 1
C. P(B) = P(AC B) + P(A B)
D. P(A B) = 0 when A and B are independent.
2).For a left-skewed dataset, the best measures
of center and spread for that data are:
A. Mean and standard deviation.

B. Median and standard deviation.

C. Median and IQR
D. Mean and IQR
1

3). A market research company wishes to find out whether the population of students at a
university prefers Brand A or Brand B of instant coffee. A random sample of 100 students is
selected, and each one is asked to try Brand A and then Brand B (in random order). They then
indicate which brand they prefer, and 65 students preferred Brand B. Which is the parameter of
interest?
A. The proportion of all students who were sampled
B. The proportion of all students who prefer Brand B
C. The proportion of students who tasted Brand A first
D. The proportion of sampled students who preferred Brand B

4). What does a sampling distribution of the sample mean tell us? _____
A. The value of the mean of data in a sample
B. The maximum and minimum values of data in a sample.
C. The values of the sample mean from all possible samples.
D. The values of the data in a sample.

5).A 95% confidence interval for the mean IQ of college students aged 20-25 years old was
computed as (103, 110), based on a sample of 130 observations of IQ. The correct interpretation
of this interval is:
A. 95% of individuals in the sample have IQs between 103 and 110.
B. 95% of the individuals in the population should have IQs between 103 and 110.
C. There is a 95% probability that the future sample mean IQ will be between 103 and 110.
D. About 95% of future samples will have confidence intervals that contain the true mean.
6). All things being equal, which is correct?
A. As the standard deviation increases, the margin of error gets smaller.
B. As the sample size increases, the confidence interval gets wider.
C. As the confidence level increases, the margin of error gets larger.
D. As the sample mean increases, the margin of error gets larger.
7).A forced-choice design is often used to compare the attractiveness of pheromones to insects. A
Y-tube is used. The pheromone is placed on one branch, the control on the second branch, and
the insect on the third branch. The insect then chooses one of the two branches. Suppose that 45
of 75 insects choose the pheromone branch. The null and alternative hypotheses for testing the
hypothesis of no preference are:
2

A.
B.
C.
D.

2. Fill in the blank (6 points, 1 point each)

1) Please choose either True or False.
a. A and B be independent events in the same sample space with P(A) > 0 and P(B) > 0, then
(A B) > 0
_________________(True or False)
b. Let A be any arbitrary event, then A and Ac must be mutually exclusive.
_________________(True or False)
2). All things being equal, as the standard deviation increases, the margin of error gets
____________(smaller/larger/the same).
As the confidence level increases, the margin of error gets________________(smaller/larger/the
same).
As the sample mean increases, the margin of error get ____________(smaller/larger/the same).
As the sample size increases, the confidence interval gets ____________(wider/narrower/the
same).

3.(8 points) Suppose that a disease is inherited via a sex-linked mode of inheritance, so that a
male offspring has a 50% chance of inheriting the disease, but a female offspring has 25% of
inheriting the disease. Further suppose that 51.3% of births are male.
a). (2 points) What is the probability that a randomly chosen child will be affected by the
disease?

b). (3 points) What is the probability a randomly chosen child is female if affected?

c). (3 points) What is the odds and risk of an affected child?

4. (6 points) The probability a person making a reservation with Southwest Airlines will not
show up for the flight is 0.16, with each person being independent of all other passengers. For
flight 0962, there are 42 reservations. Let R be the number of passengers that do not make their
reservation.
a. (3 points) What is the probability exactly 5 people do not show up?

b. (3 points) Suppose this flight operates every day, with each day being independent of other
days. What is the probability of at least one day there are exactly 5 people do not show up during
a week?

5. (9 points) A farmer wants to test the effectiveness of a pest control method in allowing
strawberry blooms to yield marketable strawberries. Of a random sample of 100 blooms, 77 yield
marketable strawberries.
a. (4 points) Is the sampling distribution of

^p

Normal? Why? If so, what is its mean and

standard deviation?

b. (5 points) What is 95% large-sample confidence interval for the proportion of blooms that
yield marketable strawberries?

6. (14 points) College-aged adults need at least 7 hours of sleep each night to stay healthy. Sleep
deprivation can lead to decreased immune system function, lack of concentration, and poor
memory. In a study conducted at Purdue, a simple random sample of 120 college students
reports the number of hours of sleep they had last night. In the study report, the sample mean is
6.45, and the sample standard deviation is 2.968.
a.(3 points) What analysis methods should you use? T-method or Z-method? Is it appropriate to
use this method? And why?

b. (6 points) Based on the summary, conduct a hypothesis testto see if there is evidence that the
population mean hours of sleep for college age students is less than the recommended 7 hours
per night. Use = 0.05.
(Note: make sure you write the hypotheses, test statistic, P-value, and conclusion in terms of the
story.)

c. (5 points) What is the 95% confidence interval for the population mean number of hours of
sleep for college students?