Robert S.

Kaidy
Naval Architect & CEO
360 NW ALICE AVE., STUART, FL 34994
O: 772-692-8551 E: rkaidy@ocean5inc.com
www.ocean5inc.com

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 1

Presentation Goals
Introduce New & Innovative Hull
Forms
Identify Strengths and Weaknesses
of Each Type
Define Major Design and Build
Issues for Each Type

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 2

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1)

Introduction

2)

Special Bow Types

a)

Axe Bow

b)

X Bow

c)

Very Slender Vessel

3)

Trimarans / Wave Piercing Cats

4)

Conclusions

A-1 References

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

Note that Axe Bow, X-Bow, Very Slender Vessel

and other terms used in this paper, are and may
be trademarked and owned by others. This is an
academic paper, and not meant to advertise,
usurpe or otherwise infringe on the intellectual
property rights of the respective owners. Refer to
the owners of such rights for more information
regarding licensing or other usage.

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 3

1.0

INTRODUCTION

Whats Old is New Again

Solving Old Problems.Seakeeping

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 4

1.0

INTRODUCTION

With Old and New Solutions &

Applications
New Ways of Looking at Old
Problems

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 5

1.0

INTRODUCTION

Concepts

Fundamental Concept :
Reduce Seakeeping Accelerations

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 6

1.0

INTRODUCTION

Concepts

Fundamental Concept :
Added Power in Waves

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 7

2.0

Special Bow Types

Overview.

2.1 General Description

2.2 Example Vessels
2.3 Pro/Con
2.4 Limits
DAMEN

2.5 Design & Build Issues

ULSTEIN

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 8

2.1

Special Bow Types - General

Type:
Fast Displacement Monohull &
Planing Hull Forms

Speed:

Trade Names / Alias:

Axe Bow (Damen)
X-Bow (Ulstein)
Wave Piercing Hull
Slender Vessel

25 50 knots Typical

ULSTEIN

Description:
Small Waterplane Area Bow Sections
achieved using:
Extremely Narrow Beam,
Extremely High Deadrise Forward
Sections
Above and Below Waterline.
May also include Patented Hogged Keel
Shape.
May include plumb stem, or aft raking stem
May include unique topsides/deck shapes
DAMEN

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 9

2.1

Special Bow Types - General

Description Three Main Varieties :

Patented Axe Bow Damen
Extended Bow Portion
Extreme Narrow Beam
Extreme Deadrise
Plumb Bow Stem
Hogged Keel
X-Bow Type Ulstein
Extreme Narrow Bow Below Waterline
Narrow Waterplane
Reverse Stem
Minimal Flare at Bow
Sagged Keel
Rounded Topsides
Slender Vessel USMI & Others
Extreme Narrow Beam Bow
Long/Extended Bow Portion
No Flare / Round Topsides
Conventional Prismatic Stern for Planing
Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect
OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

DAMEN

ULSTEIN

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 10

2.1

Special Bow Types - General

Description Three Main Varieties :

Patented Axe Bow Damen
Extended Bow Portion
Extreme Narrow Beam
Extreme Deadrise
Plumb Bow Stem
Hogged Keel

DAMEN

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 11

2.1

Special Bow Types - General

Axe Bow

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 12

2.2

Special Bow Types Example

Vessels

DAMEN

Fn = 1.8
Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect
OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

Fn = 2.3

Sea Axe Type Feadship SY M/Y PREDATOR

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 13

2.1

Special Bow Types - General

Description Three Main Varieties :

X-Bow Type Ulstein
Extreme Narrow Bow Below Waterline
Narrow Waterplane
Reverse Stem
Minimal Flare at Bow
Sagged Keel
Rounded Topsides
Conventional Hull Bottom

Fn = 0.82

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 14

2.1

Special Bow Types - General

X-Bow

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 15

2.1

Special Bow Types - General

X-Bow

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 16

2.1

Special Bow Types - General

X-Bow

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 17

2.2

Special Bow Types

Example Vessels

Blohm & Voss 118M M/Y SIGMA, Philip Starck Design

Fn = 1.16
Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect
OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 18

2.1

Special Bow Types - General

Description Three Main Varieties :

Slender Vessel US Marine
Extreme Narrow Beam Bow
Long/Extended Bow Portion
No Flare / Rounded Topsides
Conventional Prismatic Stern for Planing

Fn = 7.2

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 19

2.1

Special Bow Types - General

Very Slender Vessel:

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 20

2.2

Special Bow Types

Example Vessels

Fn = 5.00

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 21

2.3

Special Bow Types

Pros and Cons
Advantages

Challenges

Improved Seakeeping

Reduced Interior Volume (or 20% more length

for equiv. volume)

Reduced Vertical Accelerations in

Seaway (Aft Accommodations)

Bow Anchor Handling Difficult or Impossible

Reduced Slamming

Bow Line Handling Difficult or Impossible

Reduced Resistance in Seaway

Potential Directionally Unstable without Control

Systems / Broaching

Proprietary (some) / Licensed

Proprietary (some) / Patented

Weather Deck Wetting
Impaired Helm Visibility
Displacement Sensitive

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 22

2.3

Special Bow Types

Pros and Cons

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 23

2.3

Special Bow Types

Pros and Cons

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 24

2.4

Special Bow Types - Limits

Special Bow Types Requires Substantial

Additional Length for Same Hull Volume to
Achieve Advantage
High Speeds exacerbate Control Issues
Bow Operations Difficult

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 25

2.5

Special Bow Types Design and Build Issues

Design Issues:

Extended Length
Reduced Beam
Roll Stability / Period
Arrangements
Aesthetics
Proprietary/Patents
Directional Control
Helm Visibility

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

Build Issues:

Extremely Narrow Bow Sections

Access for Welding
Access for Inspection
Rigging Routing
Special Bow Types Simplified
Shapes
X Bow Much more complex
Shapes

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 26

3.0

Trimarans

3.1 General Description

3.2 Example Vessels
3.3 Pro/Con
3.4 Limits

3.5 Design & Build Issues

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 27

3.1 Trimarans - General

Type:
High Length
to Beam Ratio
Main Hull
Small
Outrigger Hulls

Speed:
5 40 knots
Typical, 1-4 Fn

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

Description:
Small
Waterplane
Area Center
Hull
Outrigger
Hulls Provide
Roll Stiffness
May include
plumb stem, or
aft raking stem

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 28

3.2 Trimarans Example Vessels

Fn = 2.0+
Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect
OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 29

3.2 Trimarans Example Vessels

Fn = 3.38

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 30

3.2 Trimarans Example Vessels

Fn = 1.96

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 31

3.2 Trimarans Example Vessels

Fn
2.68
2.44
1.96
1.92
1.74
1.37

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 32

3.3

Trimarans Pros and Cons

Advantages

Challenges

Improved Seakeeping

Reduced Interior Volume

Reduced Vertical Accelerations in Seaway (Aft

Accommodations)

Bow Anchor Handling Difficult or Impossible

Reduced Slamming

Bow Line Handling Difficult or Impossible

Reduced Resistance in Seaway

Directionally Unstable without Control Systems

Proprietary (some) / Licensed

Proprietary (some) / Patented

Weather Deck Wetting
Impaired Helm Visibility
Displacement Sensitive
Cross Beam Slamming / Tunnel Top Slamming
Weight / LCG Sensitive

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 33

3.4

Trimarans Design and Build Issues

Design Issues

Weight Sensitive
Structure Critical
Sponsons Highly Loaded
/ Cross Beams

Build Issues
Extremely Narrow
Forebody
Weight Critical
Cross Beam
Fabrication/Structural
Continuity

Narrow Hulls in Way of

Arrangements
Deck Operations
Visibility and Height
Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect
OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 34

4.0 CONCLUSIONS
New Hull Forms Focused on Improved Seakeeping.
Three General Types of Bow Form Innovations.
Several Bow Forms proprietary.
Bow Forms appear to reduce accelerations in some seastates
Bow Forms appear to reduce resistance in some seastates
Trimarans reduce accelerations in seaway and reduce resistance in
seaway
Interior volume of new hull forms significantly reduced
Construction Complexity and cost increased
Visibility can be significantly reduced in seaway
Bow Main Deck Operations limited
Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect
OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 35

Appendix A-1 REFERENCE

1.

SNAME, TR No. R-42, SEAKEEPING OF HARD CHINE PLANING HULLS, SAVITSKY &
KOELBEL, JUNE 1993

2.

MARINE TECHNOLOGY, VOL. 13 NO. 4, PROCEDURES FOR HYDRODYNAMIC

EVALUATION OF PLANING HULLS IN SMOOTH AND ROUGH WATER, SAVITSKY &
BROWN, OCT 1976, PP. 381-400

3.

19TH INTERNATIONAL HISWA SYMPOSIUM ON YACHT DESIGN AND YACHT

CONSTRUCTION, THE AXE BOW: THE SHAPE OF SHIPS TO COME, GELLING, 13 & 14
NOVEMBER 2006, AMSTERDAM

4.

5.
6.

7.

Robert Kaidy - Naval Architect

OCEAN5 NAVAL ARCHITECTS

IBEX 2013 SESSION 102

Advanced Trends in Powerboat Hull Design
Page 36