Calculation of Air Duct Pressure Loss (Rectangular)

Expansion of Greasy Waste Receiving Facility Project @ Jurong Water Reclamation Plant
Sizing of Supply Air Fans & Ducting

for DAF Feed Pump Station
(Open type underground Pumping Station)
Calculating of Air Volume
Room Length
Room Width
Romm Height
Area of Room
Volume of Room
Air Change Rate
Volume of Air to be handle
including 1.2 % safety
Size of Roof Extractor Fans

Total Volume of Air to be handled
Proposed Number of Roof Fans
Volume of Air to be handled by each fan
Fan Capacity
(1). Air Inlet Louvre
Proposed number of air inlet louvre window
Volume of Air to be handled by each louvre
Max velocity through the louvre
Required X-area of louvre
required X-area of louvre with 50% open
Proposed Size of louvre
Length
Height
Size of louvre
(2). Main Duct
Max Velocity in Main duct
X area of duct size
Main Duct Size
Actural Main Duct size
(3). Branch Duct
There are two branch ducts
Max Velocity in each branch duct
Each duct air flowrate
X area of duct size
Branch Duct Size
Branch Duct Size
(4). Register at each branch duct
Each register flowrate of Air to be handled
Max Velocity in register
X area of register size
Register Size
Actural Register size
Prepared Thomas
Reviewed Moorthy
Approved
Nira
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
8.50
4.50
3.00
38.25
114.75
6
688.50
826.20
0.23
485.91
m
m
m
m
m
ACH
m/hr
CMH
m/sec
CFM
=
=
=
=
826.20
1
826.20
826.20
m/hr
nos
m/hr
m/hr @
=
=
=
=
=
1
0.23
3.00
0.08
0.15
nos
m/sec
m/sec
m
m
=
=
=
0.40 m
0.38 m
400x400
mmxmm
=
=
=
=
=
5
0.05
0.25
0.18
250x200
m/s
m
m
m
mmxmm
=
=
=
=
=
=
4
0.11
0.03
0.2
0.14
200x150
m/s
m/sec
m
m
m
mmxmm
=
=
=
=
=
=
0.11
3
0.04
0.2
0.19
200x200
m/sec
m/s
m
m
m
mmxmm
Date: 5/14/2013
Date: 5/27/2013
Date: 6/8/2013
Recommended velocity
main duct
5~8
Branch
4~6
Louvre/Register
max 3
(From SS553 for factories)
(CMH)
184.06
Pa
(Minimum Static Pressure)
m/s
m/s
m/s
Friction Loss in Duct

v
v
Q
A
W
D
d
Louvre Size
= Q
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
50% open
Re
Re
d
v
=
=
=
=
=
/ A
Air velocity(m/s)
Air Flow Rate(m3/s)
Cross Secttional Area(m2)
Width of Duct (m)
Depth of Duct (m)
Equivalent Duct Diameter (m)
400 x 400
Q =
0.23
W =
0.40
D =
0.40
A =
0.08
v =
2.87
d =
0.32
d
calculated data
fixed data
m3/s
m
m
m2
m/s
826
m3/hr
Recommended Velocity
m
Main Duct
Branch Duct
Louvre/Register
for HVAC duct

5-8
4-6
max 3
m/s
m/s
m/s
Reynold numbers
Diameter of Duct(m)
Velocity(m/s)
Air Density(kg/m)
Dynamic or absoulute viscosity(Ns/m)
d
v
R
R
d
k
input data
=
=
=
=
0.32
2.87
1.23
1.79X10-5
Re =
6.29E-06
m
m/s
kg/m
Ns/m
= k / d
= Relative Roughness Ratio
= Diameter of Duct(mm)
= Surface Roughness(mm)
k =
d =
R =
0.15
319
0.000470
mm
mm
(for Galvanized Steel/Zinc)
Surface Roughness
Surface
Roughness - k
millimeters
feet
Copper, Lead, Brass, Aluminum (new)
0.001 - 0.002
3.33 - 6.7 10-6
PVC/FRP and Plastic Ducts
0.0015 - 0.007
0.5 - 2.33 10-5
Epoxy, Vinyl Ester and Isophthalic Duct
0.005
1.7 10-5
Stainless steel
0.015
5 10-5
Steel commercial Duct
0.045 - 0.09
1.5 - 3 10-4
Stretched steel
0.015
5 10-5
Weld steel
0.045
1.5 10-4
Galvanized steel/Zinc
0.15
5 10-4
Rusted steel (corrosion)
0.15 - 4
5 - 133 10-4
New cast iron
0.25 - 0.8
8 - 27 10-4
Worn cast iron
0.8 - 1.5
2.7 - 5 10-3
Rusty cast iron
1.5 - 2.5
5 - 8.3 10-3
Sheet or asphalted cast iron
0.01 - 0.015
3.33 - 5 10-5
Smoothed cement
0.3
1 10-3
Ordinary concrete
0.3 - 1
1 - 3.33 10-3
Coarse concrete
0.3 - 5
1 - 16.7 10-3
Well planed wood
0.18 - 0.9
6 - 30 10-4
Ordinary wood
16.7 10-3
Therefore,
R =
0.000470
Re =
6.29E-06
The Moody Frictor Factor Diagram
From the Moody Diagram above
0.018
So, total head loss Calculation is stated as below.
Pd-loss
Pd-loss
=
=
=
=
=
=
v
d
( l/d) ( v2/2)
Pressure Loss by duct(Pa)(N/m2)
Moody Friction Factor
Total Length of duct(m)
Density(kg/m3)
Air Velocity(m/s)
Diameter of duct(m)
=
l =
=
v =
d =
Pd-loss
0.018
0.5
1.23
2.87
0.32
m
kg/m3
m/s
m
0.14
Pa
Total Pressure loss for strainght duct =
(from schematic sketch)
0.14
Pa
Air Pressure Loss in Duct Fittings and Components

Coefficient of
Minor loss
No.
Type of Component or Fitting
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
Tees, Line Flow
0.3
Tees, Branched Flow
1.0
Numbers of
fittings
Total
--
Branch Flow
2.0
90 bend, sharp
1.3
90 bend, with vanes
0.7
90 bend, rounded(Radius/Diameter<1)
0.5
90 bend, rounded(Radius/Diameter>1)
0.25
45 bend, sharp
0.5
0.2
0.05
Flow from duct to room
1.0
Flow from room to duct
0.35
Reduction, tapered
1.25
Enlargement, tapered
Grilles, 0.7 ratio free area to total syrface
10
20
50
Non return damper
0.75
Volume control damper
0.06
Fire damper
0.8
Louvre(50 %ratio free area)
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total loss of coefficient
Pf-loss =
v2
Pf-loss = Pressure Loss by fitting(Pa)(N/m2)

= Minor loss coefficient
= Air Density(kg/m3)
v = Air velocity(m/s)
=
=
v =
7.75
1.23
2.87
kg/m3
m/s
39.22
Pa
Pf-loss
Pressure Loss for Duct Fittings =
39.22
Pa
Pressure loss for inlet Louvre =
39.37
Pa----------------------Eq(1)
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.50
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.25
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
6.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
7.75

v
v
Q
A
W
D
Duct Size
= Q
=
=
=
=
=
=
50% open
Re
Re
d
v
=
=
=
=
=
/ A
Air velocity(m/s)
Air Flow Rate(m3/s)
Width of Duct (m)
Depth of Duct (m)
250 x 200
Q =
0.23
W =
0.25
D =
0.20
A =
0.05
v =
4.59
d =
0.25
d
calculated data
fixed data
m3/s
m
m
m2
m/s
826
m3/hr
m
Main Duct
Branch Duct
Louvre/Register
for HVAC duct

5-8
4-6
max 3
m/s
m/s
m/s
Reynold numbers
Diameter of Duct(m)
Velocity(m/s)
Air Density(kg/m)
d
v
R
R
d
k
input data
=
=
=
=
0.25
4.59
1.23
1.79X10-5
Re =
7.96E-06
m
m/s
kg/m
Ns/m
= k / d
k =
d =
R =
0.15
252.26
0.000595
mm
mm
(for Galvanized steel/Zinc)
Surface Roughness
Surface
Roughness - k
millimeters
feet
0.001 - 0.002
3.33 - 6.7 10-6
0.0015 - 0.007
0.5 - 2.33 10-5
0.005
1.7 10-5
Stainless steel
0.015
5 10-5
0.045 - 0.09
1.5 - 3 10-4
Stretched steel
0.015
5 10-5
Weld steel
0.045
1.5 10-4
0.15
5 10-4
0.15 - 4
5 - 133 10-4
New cast iron
0.25 - 0.8
8 - 27 10-4
Worn cast iron
0.8 - 1.5
2.7 - 5 10-3
Rusty cast iron
1.5 - 2.5
5 - 8.3 10-3
0.01 - 0.015
3.33 - 5 10-5
Smoothed cement
0.3
1 10-3
Ordinary concrete
0.3 - 1
1 - 3.33 10-3
Coarse concrete
0.3 - 5
1 - 16.7 10-3
Well planed wood
0.18 - 0.9
6 - 30 10-4
Ordinary wood
16.7 10-3
Therefore,
R =
0.000595
Re =
7.96E-06
0.017
Pd-loss
( l/d) ( v2/2)
Pd-loss
=
=
=
=
=
=

Density(kg/m3)
Air Velocity(m/s)
Diameter of duct(m)
v
d
=
l =
=
v =
d =
Pd-loss
0.017
5.5
1.23
4.59
0.25
m
kg/m3
m/s
m
4.80
Pa
4.80
Pa

Coefficient of
Minor loss
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
Tees, Line Flow
0.3
Tees, Branched Flow
1.0
Numbers of
fittings
Total
--
Branch Flow
2.0
90 bend, sharp
1.3
90 bend, with vanes
0.7
0.5
0.25
45 bend, sharp
0.5
0.2
0.05
1.0
0.35
Reduction, tapered
1.25
10
20
50
Non return damper
0.75
0.06
Fire damper
0.8
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Pf-loss =
v2

=
=
v =
3.75
1.23
4.59
kg/m3
m/s
48.59
Pa
Pf-loss
Pressure loss for Duct fiitings =
48.59
Pa
Pressure loss for main duct =
53.39
Pa---------------------- Eq(2)
0.00
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.50
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.25
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.75

v
v
Q
A
W
D
Duct Size
= Q
=
=
=
=
=
=
50% open
Re
Re
d
v
=
=
=
=
=
/ A
Air velocity(m/s)
Air Flow Rate(m3/s)
Width of Duct (m)
Depth of Duct (m)
200 x 150
Q =
0.11
W =
0.20
D =
0.15
A =
0.03
v =
3.83
d =
0.20
d
calculated data
fixed data
m3/s
m
m
m2
m/s
413
m3/hr
m
Main Duct
Branch Duct
Louvre/Register
for HVAC duct

5-8
4-6
max 3
m/s
m/s
m/s
Reynold numbers
Diameter of Duct(m)
Velocity(m/s)
Air Density(kg/m)
d
v
R
R
d
k
input data
=
=
=
=
0.20
3.83
1.23
1.79X10-5
Re =
5.14E-06
m
m/s
kg/m
Ns/m
= k / d
k =
d =
R =
0.15
200.00
0.000750
mm
mm
(for Galvanized steel/Zinc)
Surface Roughness
Surface
Roughness - k
millimeters
feet
0.001 - 0.002
3.33 - 6.7 10-6
0.0015 - 0.007
0.5 - 2.33 10-5
0.005
1.7 10-5
Stainless steel
0.015
5 10-5
0.045 - 0.09
1.5 - 3 10-4
Stretched steel
0.015
5 10-5
Weld steel
0.045
1.5 10-4
0.15
5 10-4
0.15 - 4
5 - 133 10-4
New cast iron
0.25 - 0.8
8 - 27 10-4
Worn cast iron
0.8 - 1.5
2.7 - 5 10-3
Rusty cast iron
1.5 - 2.5
5 - 8.3 10-3
0.01 - 0.015
3.33 - 5 10-5
Smoothed cement
0.3
1 10-3
Ordinary concrete
0.3 - 1
1 - 3.33 10-3
Coarse concrete
0.3 - 5
1 - 16.7 10-3
Well planed wood
0.18 - 0.9
6 - 30 10-4
Ordinary wood
16.7 10-3
Therefore,
R =
0.000750
Re =
5.14E-06
0.019
Pd-loss
( l/d) ( v2/2)
Pd-loss
=
=
=
=
=
=

Density(kg/m3)
Air Velocity(m/s)
Diameter of duct(m)
v
d
=
l =
=
v =
d =
Pd-loss
0.019
4.5
1.23
3.83
0.20
m
kg/m3
m/s
m
3.94
Pa
3.94
Pa

Coefficient of
Minor loss
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
Tees, Line Flow
0.3
Tees, Branched Flow
1.0
Numbers of
fittings
Total
--
Branch Flow
2.0
90 bend, sharp
1.3
90 bend, with vanes
0.7
0.5
0.25
45 bend, sharp
0.5
0.2
0.05
1.0
0.35
Reduction, tapered
1.25
10
20
50
Non return damper
0.75
0.06
Fire damper
0.8
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Pf-loss =
v2

=
=
v =
6.30
1.23
3.83
kg/m3
m/s
56.69
Pa
Pf-loss
Pressure loss for Duct fiitings =
56.69
Pa
Pressure loss for branch duct =
60.62
Pa---------------------- Eq(3)
For Total loss

Eq(1) + Eq(2) + Eq(3)
Total Pressure loss for Supply Air Duct =
Total Pressure loss for Supply Air Duct inclu 20% SF =
153.38 Pa
184.06 Pa
0.30
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
6.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
6.30

Calculation of Air Duct Pressure Loss (Rectangular)

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Calculation of Air Duct Pressure Loss (Rectangular)

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Доступные форматы

Expansion of Greasy Waste Receiving Facility Project @ Jurong Water Reclamation Plant

Sizing of Supply Air Fans & Ducting

Size of Roof Extractor Fans

Friction Loss in Duct

for HVAC duct

(for Galvanized Steel/Zinc)

Copper, Lead, Brass, Aluminum (new)

3.33 - 6.7 10-6

PVC/FRP and Plastic Ducts

0.5 - 2.33 10-5

Epoxy, Vinyl Ester and Isophthalic Duct

Steel commercial Duct

Rusted steel (corrosion)

New cast iron

Worn cast iron

Rusty cast iron

Sheet or asphalted cast iron

Well planed wood

From the Moody Diagram above

So, total head loss Calculation is stated as below.

Total Pressure loss for strainght duct =

(from schematic sketch)

Air Pressure Loss in Duct Fittings and Components

Type of Component or Fitting

Tees, Line Flow

Tees, Branched Flow

90 bend, with vanes

Flow from duct to room

Flow from room to duct

Grilles, 0.7 ratio free area to total syrface

Grilles, 0.6 ratio free area to total syrface

Grilles, 0.5 ratio free area to total syrface

Grilles, 0.4 ratio free area to total syrface

Grilles, 0.3 ratio free area to total syrface

Grilles, 0.2 ratio free area to total syrface

Non return damper

Volume control damper

Louvre(50 %ratio free area)

Pf-loss = Pressure Loss by fitting(Pa)(N/m2)

Pressure Loss for Duct Fittings =

Pressure loss for inlet Louvre =

Friction Loss in Duct

for HVAC duct

(for Galvanized steel/Zinc)

Copper, Lead, Brass, Aluminum (new)

3.33 - 6.7 10-6

PVC/FRP and Plastic Ducts

0.5 - 2.33 10-5

Epoxy, Vinyl Ester and Isophthalic Duct

Steel commercial Duct

Rusted steel (corrosion)

New cast iron

Worn cast iron

Rusty cast iron

Sheet or asphalted cast iron

Well planed wood

From the Moody Diagram above

So, total head loss Calculation is stated as below.

Pressure Loss by duct(Pa)(N/m2)

Total Pressure loss for strainght duct =

(from schematic sketch)

Air Pressure Loss in Duct Fittings and Components

Type of Component or Fitting