REACTION RATES

Eddie Villarruel

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1.

Trials 1-3 Ln Rate vs. Ln [S2O8]

-4

-3.8

-3.6

-3.4

-3.2

-3

-2.8

-2.6

-11
-2.4

-11.5

Ln Rate (s)

-12 -12

f(x) = 1.01x - 9.32

R = 1

-12.5

-12.55

-13
-13.26
-13.5

Ln [S2O8] (M)

Trials 3-5 Ln Rate vs. Ln [I-]

-4

-3.8

-3.6

-3.4

-3.2

-3

-2.8

-10.4
-2.6
-2.4
-10.6

-10.94 -10.8

Ln Rate(s)

f(x) = 0.85x - 8.69

R = 1
-11.41

-11
-11.2
-11.4
-11.6
-11.8

-12

-12
-12.2

Ln [I-] (M)

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Trial

[S2
O8]
M

[I]
M

Blue
Tim
e (s)

0.02

0.02

287

0.04

0.02

141

0.07

0.02

81.6

0.07

0.04

45.3

0.07

0.07

28.3

0.07

0.02

204

0.07

0.02

16.8

0.07

0.02

10.3

Rat
e

1.74
216E
-06
3.54
61E06
6.12
745E
-06
1.10
375E
-05
1.76
678E
-05
2.45
098E
-06
2.97
619E
-05
4.85
437E
-05

ln(R
ate)

13.2
604
12.5
497
12.0
027
11.4
142
10.9
438
12.9
19
10.4
223
9.93
305

ln[S
2O8
]

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ln[I]

3.91

3.91

0.00
435

3.22

3.91

0.00
444

2.66

3.91

0.00
438

2.66

3.22

0.00
393

2.66

2.66

0.00
361

2.66

3.91

0.00
175

2.66

3.91

0.02
129

2.66

3.91

0.03
464

ln(k
)

T
(de
gre
es
K)
- 294.
5.43
6
758
- 294.
5.41
7
71
- 294.
5.43
3
071
- 294.
5.53
3
912
294
5.62
405
- 283.
6.34
6
814
- 321.
3.84
56
952
- 334.
3.36
1
275

The concentration of S2O8 and I was found with equation.

[S2O8]/[I]= [(Concentration of reagent)(volume of reagent)]\Total volume.

1/T

0.00
339
4
0.00
339
3
0.00
339
8
0.00
339
8
0.00
340
1
0.00
352
6
0.00
311
0.00
299
3

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The temperature was found by using a thermometer and later converting all those
temperatures from each trial from degrees Celsius to degrees Kelvin (degrees
Celsius + 273.15). Blue time was found by starting a timer after added the final
reagent and stopping the timer once the solution had finally turned blue.
Rate= (n/2v)/Bluetime n=initial moles S2O3= .0001 moles (same for all of the
trials)
V= total volume in L .100 L (same for all trials)
Rate= k[S2O8]^x[I]^y
The slope of the first graph gave us the value of x, and the slope of the second
graph gave us the value of y. In order to find the slope, we made the equation show
on the graph and took the number that was in front of the x. We rounded the first
slope value down to 1 which gave us a first order for the S2O8 concentration. For
the second slope, it rounded to about .9 so for the sake of clean numbers, we
rounded it a little more to make it a 1 which means that the concentration of I was
also a first order. Those x and y values also were our orders for the reaction. By
plugging in the known rates, concentrations, and x and y values, we were able to
solve for k.

2. The k (rate constant) values are listed in the table and have the units of M^1 s^-1 since it is a second order reaction overall. The rates are also found in
the table and have the units of Rate= k[S2O8]^1[I]^1. M/t=kM^2. All of the
averages of the rate constants at the different trials were already included in
the table since the temperatures were averaged along with the times that
were recorded for each of the different trials. There are always mistakes
made in experiments, especially since we are not professional scientists,
dont have the most accurate equipment, and there is always human error.
Given all those possibilities for error, the rate constants that were calculated
seem to be satisfactory enough to use.
Rate= .004142[S2O8^2-]^1[I^-]^1 (average k for trials 1-5, all at room
temperature
(all other k rates can be plugged in from the table)
3.

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Ea : ln k vs. 1/T
0
f(x) = - 0x + 0
R = 0.99

0
0

ln k

0
0
-7

-6.5

-6

-5.5

-5

-4.5

-4

-3.5

0
-3

1/T

Slope= =Ea/ R
Ea= -(-0.0002) x 8.314 J mol-1 K-1 = 0.0016628 J

4. The main objective of the lab was to determine the rate law, the rate
constants at various temperatures, and the activation energy of various
reactions using the initial rate method. The rate law is defined as a
statement of the relationship between the concentration of reactants and
the rate of the reaction. For this experiment we studied the rate of the
oxidation-reduction between the persulfate ion and iodide ion. We assume the

rate law to be:

Rate= k[S2O82-]x[I-]y
The initial rate method was used to determine the reaction order variables. Plotting the ln rate
vs. ln [S2O82-] yields us a linear line where the slope gives the reaction order of x. A similar
method can be used to find y. Our data concluded that the rate law for x to be first order and y to
also be first order.
This experiment also provided us with data that can be used to calculate activation energy. To do
this ln k vs 1/T was plotted on a graph to yield a straight line and a slope equal to Ea/R. The
slope was determined to be -0.0002. The slope was entered into the following equation and Ea
was calculated:
Ea= -(-0.0002) x 8.314 J mol-1 K-1 = 0.0016628 J

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