84

Official Name
Father of the Nation
National Poet
Head of the State
Head of Government
Capital
Area

Population

Religion
Annual per capita income
GDP
Currency
Imports
Exports

Islamic Republic of Pakistan

Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah (25-12-1876 to 11-09-1948)
Allama Muhammad Iqbal (09-11-1877 to 21-04-1938)
Asif Ali Zardari, President
Raja pervaiz Ashraf, Prime Minister
Islamabad
Total: 796,096 Sq. km.
Punjab: 205,344 Sq. km.
Sindh: 140,914 Sq. km.
Khyber Pukhtoonkhwa: 74,521 Sq. km.
Balochistan: 347,190 Sq. km.
Federally Administered Tribal Areas: 27,220 Sq. km.
Islamabad (Capital): 906 Sq. km.
180 million (estimated)-132 million (1998 census)
Pakistan is divided into four provinces viz., Khyber Pukhtoonkhwa, Punjab, Sindh and
Balochistan. The tribal belt adjoining Khyber Pukhtoonkhwa is managed by the Federal
Government and is named FATA i.e., Federally Administered Tribal Areas. Azad
Kashmir and Northern Areas have their own respective political and administrative
machinery, yet certain of their subjects are taken care of by the Federal Government
through the Ministry of Kashmir Affairs and Northern Areas. Provinces of Pakistan are
further divided into Districts.
95% Muslims, 5% others.
US $1207
2.4%
Pak. Rupee.
Industrial equipment, chemicals, vehicles, steel, iron ore, petroleum, edible oil, pulses,
tea.
Cotton, textile goods, rice, leather items carpets, sports goods, handi-crafts, fish and fish
prep. and fruit

Languages

Urdu (National) and English (Official)

Literacy rate
Government
Parliament

57%
Parliamentary form of Government
Parliament consists of two Houses i.e., the Senate (Upper House) and the National
Assembly (Lower House).
The Senate is a permanent legislative body and symbolises a process of continuity in the
national affairs. It consists of 100 members. The four Provincial Assemblies, Federally
Administered Tribal Areas and Federal Capital form its electoral college.
The National Assembly has a total membership of 342 elected through adult suffrage
(272 general seats, 60 women seats and 10 non-Muslim seats).
Dark green with a white vertical bar, a white crescent and a five-pointed star in the
middle. The Flag symbolizes Pakistan's profound commitment to Islam, the Islamic
world and the rights of religious minorities.

Pakistan National Flag

National Anthem

Approved in August, 1954

Verses Composed by: Abdul Asar Hafeez Jullundhri
Tune Composed by: Ahmed G. Chagla
Duration: 80 seconds

State Emblem

The State Emblem consists of:

1. The crescent and star which are symbols of Islam
2. The shield in the centre shows four major crops
3. Wreath surrounding the shield represents cultural heritage and
4. Scroll contains Quaid's motto: Faith, Unity, Discipline

Pakistan's Official Map

National Flower
National Tree
National Animal
National Bird

Drawn by Mian Mahmood Alam Suhrawardy (1920-1999)

Jasmine.
Deodar (Cedrus Deodara).
Markhor.
Chakor (Red-legged partridge)

National Game
Flora
Fauna

Hockey
Pine, Oak, Poplar, Deodar, Maple, Mulberry
The Pheasant, Leopard, Deer, Ibex, Chinkara, Black buck, Neelgai, Markhor, MarcoPolo sheep, Green turtles, River & Sea fish, Crocodile, Waterfowls
Cricket, Hockey, Football, Squash.
Murree, Quetta, Hunza, Ziarat, Swat, Kaghan, Chitral and Gilgit
Moenjo Daro, Harappa, Taxila, Kot Diji, Mehr Garh, Takht Bhai.

Popular games
Tourist's resorts
Archaeological sites

85
Major Cities
Major Crops
Total cropped area
Industry

Islamabad, Karachi, Lahore, Peshawar, Quetta, Rawalpindi, Hyderabad, Faisalabad,

Multan and Sialkot
Cotton, Wheat, Rice and Sugarcane
25.01 million hectares
Textiles, Cement, Fertiliser, Steel, Sugar, Electric Goods, Shipbuilding

FIRST IN PAKISTAN
First Person who received Nishan-e-Haider
First Lady Major General in the Pakistan Army
First Governor General of Pakistan
First President of Pakistan
First Prime minister of Pakistan
First elected President of Pakistan
First elected Prime Minister
First Vice President of Pakistan
First Chief Justice of Pakistan (Federal court)
First Chief Justice Federal Shariat court of Pakistan
First Chief Minister of Punjab
First Chief Minister of Sindh
First Chief Minister of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
First Chief Minister of Balochistan
First Governor of Punjab
First Muslim Governor of Punjab
First Governor of Sindh
First Governor of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (NWFP)
First Muslim Governor of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
First Governor of Balochistan
First Governor of Gilgit-Baltistan
First Joint chief of Staff committee
First Commander-in-chief of Army
First Muslim Commander-in-chief of Army
First Commander-in-chief of Air Force
First Muslim Commander-in-chief of Air force
First Commander-in-chief of Navy
First Muslim Commander-in-chief of Navy
First Cruise missile
First constitution of Pakistan was enforced
Second constitution of Pakistan was enforced
Third constitution of Pakistan was enforced
First Foreign Minister of Pakistan
Chief Election commissioner of Pakistan
First Chief Scout commissioner of Pakistan
First SOS village of Pakistan
Pakistan first private Channel
First Pakistan Postal stamp issued
First constructed Barrage of Pakistan
First DNA Test laboratory
First Motorway of Pakistan constructed in 1997
First governor of State Bank of Pakistan
First martial law was imposed in Pakistan
First captain of Pakistani cricket team
First female chancellor in the Pakistan
First female vice chancellor in Pakistan
First female university of Pakistan
First female gold champion in Pakistan
First female representative of Pakistan in the UN
First Pakistan to win the prestigious Pulitzer Prize
First female governor State Bank of Pakistan
First women Pilot in Pakistan
First Secretary General of Pakistan
First Administrator of Karachi
First Chairman of senate
President of first Constitution Assembly of Pakistan
First female deputy speaker in Pakistan
First female member of Parliament
First female minister of education
First female minister of Population

Captain Raja Sarwar

Dr. Shahida Malik
Quaid-e-Azam
Iskandar Mirza
Nawab Liaqat Ali Khan
Field Marshal Ayub Khan
Z. A. Bhutto
Nur-ul-Amin
Justice Sardar A. Rashid
Justice Salahuddin Ahmad
Iftikhar Hussain Memdoot
Ayub Khoro
Dr. Khan Sahib
Sardar Atta ullah Mengal
Sir Francis Moody
Sardar Abdur Rab Nishtar
Ghulam Hussain Hidayatullah
Sir George Cunningham
Sahibzada Mohammad Khurshid
Lt Gen Riaz Hussain
Shamma Khalid
General Muhammad Sharif
Gen.Frank Meservy
G.M. Ayub Khan
Air vice Marshal Allan Perry Keene
Air Marshal Asghar Khan
Rear Admiral James Wilfred Jefford
Haji Muhammad Sadique Chaudhry
Hatf VII (Babur) August 11, 2005
March 23, 1956
8 June 1962
14 August 1973
Sir Zafarullah Khan
F.M. Khan
Quaid-i-Azam
Lahore (1977)
STN (1990)
July 1948
Sukkur Barrage (1932)
Islamabad (March, 2006)
Islamabad Lahore Motorway
Zahid Hussein
7 October 1958
Hafeez Kardar
Begum Rana Liaqat Ali Khan
Najma Najam
Fatima Jinnah Women University
Shehzadi Gulfam
Shaista Ikramullah
Adrees Latif
Shamshad Akhtar
Shukriya Khanam
Ch. Muhammad Ali
Syed Hasham Raza
Habib ullah Khan
Quaid-e-Azam
Begum Jahanara Shahnwaz
Begum Shaista Suhrawady Ikramullah
Begum Mahmooda Salim Khan
Dr. Attiya Inayatullah

86
First Pakistan minister of information
First female Pakistani minister of finance
First female minister of law and human rights
First female foreign ministry spokesperson
First private Airline of Pakistan
First public airline of Pakistan
First capital of Pakistan
First TV Station
First Nuclear reactor of Pakistan
First Woman Judge of High Court of Pakistan
First Speaker of Constitution Assembly
First Sports channel of Pakistan
First Pakistani who received noble Prize
First Pakistani who received Lenin Prize
First woman Prime Minister in Pakistan
Youngest Prime Minister
First female Speaker of National Assembly
First Finance Minister of Pakistan
First Census in Pakistan
First natural gas reserves were discovered in Pakistan
First time won the cricket world cup
Pakistans First cabinet sworn
First news agency of Pakistan
First Pakistani female athlete who won gold medal in
SAF Games
First state to join Pakistan
First railway track
First Five year plan of Pakistan
First Pakistani who climbed mount Everest
First Pakistani who draw Pakistani flag in North pole
First emergency was declared in Pakistan
First rocket launched by Pakistan
First missile launched by Pakistan
First female Governor of Pakistan
First Chief of staff of the Armed Forces
First Chief of staff of the Air Force
First Chief of staff of the Navy

Syeda Abida Hussain

Benazir Bhutto
Shahida Jamil
Tasleem Aslam
Hajvery Airline
Orient Airline
Karachi
Lahore
Karachi nuclear power plant 1972
Majida Razvi
Molvi Tameez ud Din
Super Geo
Dr. Abdus Salam (1979 in Physics)
Faiz Ahmad Faiz (1961)
Benazir Bhutto
Benazir Bhutto
Fahmeeda Mirza
Ghulam Muhammd
1951
Sui (1952)
1992
August 15, 1947
APP
Naseem Hameed
Bahawalpur
Karachi and Kotri (1861)
1955-1960
Nazir Sabir (2000)
Numira Saleem
July 25, 1948
Rahbar
Hat 70
Begum Raan Liaqat Ali
Gen. Tikka Khan
Air Marshal Zaffar Ahmed
Hafeez Ahmed

BASIC FACTS ABOUT PAKISTAN

Mountain Of Pakistan
Peak
1. K2
2. Naga parbat
3. Crasherburm I
4. Board Peak
5. Crasherburm II
6. sherburm III
7. Crasherburm IV
8. Pakaposhi
9. Tirch Mir
10. Noshaq

Mountain Range
Karakoram
Himalaya
Karakoram
Karakoram
Karakoram
Karakoram
Karakoram

Height (m)
8611
8126
8068
8047
8035
7952
7925

Years of conquered
1954
1953
1958
1957
1956
1975
1958

Karakoram
Hindu Kush
Hindu Kush

7788
7690
7484

1958
1950
1960

Provinces
1 Balochistan

2 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

(NWFP)

Established
Provincial Capital
Largest city
Area- Total
Provincial Assembly seats
Districts
Established
Capital
Largest city
Area-Total
Assembly seats
Districts

1 July 1970
Quetta
Quetta
347,190 km2 (134,050.8 sq mi)
65
30
July 1, 1970
Peshawar
Peshawar
74,521 km2 (28,772.7 sq mi)
124
25

87
3 Punjab

Established
1 July 1970
Capital
Lahore
Largest city
Lahore
Area Total
205,344 km2 (79,283.8 sq mi)
Assembly seats
371 (Including 66 for women and 8 for minorities)
Districts
36
4 Sindh
Established
1 July 1970
Capital
Karachi
Composed by HHR visit
Largest city
Karachi
www.hafizems.blogspot.com
Area- Total
140,914 km2 (54,407.2 sq mi)
www.facebook.com/HafizEMS
Assembly seats
168
Districts
23
5 Islamabad Capital Territory
Districts-------------------------1
Area(sq.km)-------------------906
Population----------------------805,000
6 Federally Administered Tribal Areas Districts-------------------------7 tribal agencies and 6 frontier regions
(FATA)
Area(sq.km)-------------------27,220
Population----------------------3,176,000
7 Azad Kashmir
Districts-------------------------10
Area(sq.km)-------------------13,297
Population----------------------2,972,500
8 Gilgit-Baltistan
Districts-------------------------7
Area(sq.km)-------------------72,971
Population----------------------1,800,000
Important Rivers Of Pakistan
Punjab
Indus , Jhelum , Chenab , Ravi , Sutlej
Sindh
Hub , Mir Nadi , Arl Nadi
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Kabul , Swat , Bara , Chitral , Zhob , Panjkora , Gomal , Kurram
Balochistan
Hangol , Nari , Bolan , Dasht , Mula , Rakhshan , Pashin Lora

COLEST, HIGHEST, LOWEST, BIGGEST, TALLEST, SMALLEST AND OLDEST IN PAKISATN

Larges Oil refinery
Pak-Arab Oil refinery
Biggest mosque in Pakistan
Faisal Mosque Islamabad
Tallest building of Pakistan
Muslim commercial Bank Building (Karachi)
Oldest forest of Pakistan
Janipur (Found between Loralai And Ziarat
Longest Motorway in Pakistan
M-8
Biggest Hockey Stadium of Pakistan
National Hockey Stadium Lahore
Biggest industry of Pakistan
Textile
Biggest industrial unit in public sector
Pakistan Steel Mills
Longest railway tunnel in Pakistan
Khojak
Longest tunnel
Lawari Tunnel
Province which have longest coastline
Baluchistan
Largest language
Punjabi (48)
Pakistans largest museum
Karachi museum
Biggest park in Pakistan
Ayub National park
Larges Dam in Pakistan
Terbela Dam
Largest Earth filled Dam in Pakistan
Terbela Dam
Oldest Nuclear reactor of Pakistan
Karachi nuclear power pant (1972)
Biggest fort of Pakistan
Rani Kot Fort (Haiderabad)
Oldest fort of Pakistan
Daraward Fort
Coldest place in Pakistan
Skardu
Highest dam in Pakistan
Mangla Dam
Highest glacier of Pakistan
Siachen
Longest glacier of Pakistan
Siachen
Largest Island of Pakistan
Manora
Oldest Barrage of Pakistan
Sukkur Barrage
Highest mountain peak
K-2 (8611 meter or 28251)
Highest railway station of Pakistan
Khan Mehtarzai
Highest Road
Sharah-e-Karakorm (Sharah Resham)
Oldest news agency of Pakistan
APP (Associate Press of Pakistan)
Biggest cricket stadium of Pakistan
National Stadium Karachi
Largest shipping company of Pakistan
Pakistan national Shipping Corporation
Largest university of Pakistan
Punjab University
Largest (biggest) province by area
Balochistan
Biggest province by population
Punjab
Biggest library found in Pakistan
Punjab Library
Biggest airline of Pakistan
PIA
Biggest railway workshop in Pakistan
Mughalpura (Lahore)

88
Largest city of Pakistan
Largest District of Pakistan
Biggest desert found in Pakistan
Highest battle field in Pakistan
Hottest place in Pakistan
Biggest airport of Pakistan
Biggest Commercial Bank of Pakistan
Biggest Barrage of Pakistan
Oldest airline of Pakistan
Oldest private Airline of Pakistan
Largest & longest river
Biggest man-made lake found in Pakistan
Biggest natural lake in Pakistan
Pakistans largest Stock Exchange
Highest pass
Biggest Gas field
Biggest hydroelectric power station
Largest jungle of Pakistan
Highest military award
Highest civil award
The Longest Coastal area in Pakistan
The Longest Frontier
The Longest Railways Platform
The Longest Railway Track in Pakistan
The Longest Road in Pakistan
The Longest Tunnel (Railway) in Pakistan
The Longest Tunnel in Pakistan
The Longest (Water) in Pakistan
The Tallest Tower in Pakistan
The Tallest Minaret in Pakistan
The Tallest Mountain Pass Pakistan
The Tallest Mountain Peak Pakistan
The Tallest Railway Station Pakistan
First Loin of Pakistan was designed by
The area lowest rainfall in Pakistan
The oldest Pakistani TV Station in located in
Largest mobile company in Pakistan
Largest sector of Pakistans economy
Largest Trade partner of Pakistan
Lowest point below the sea level in Pakistan
Biggest Thermal power station founded in Pakistan

Karachi
Chaghi
Thar
Siachin Glacier
Jacobabad
Quaid-e-Azam Airport Karachi
Habib Bank Limited
Sukkur Barrage (1932)
Orient Airline
Hajvery Airline
Indus (2896 Km) 1800 miles
Keenjhar Lake (Thatha)
Manchar Lake (Dadu)
Karachi
Mustagh Pass (6000 meters)
Sui Gas field
Tarbela Dam
Changa Manga
Nishan-e-Haider
Nishan-e- Pakistan
Balochistan (771 kms long) (total 1046 km)
Pakistan-Afghanistan border |(2252 kms)
Rohri (Sindh) Length, 1,896 feet
Karachi to Landi Kotal
Karachi to Peshawar
Khojak Balochistan (Length 2.43 miles)
Lowari (Length 5 miles)
Warsak Dam Tunnel (Length 3.5 miles)
Minar-e-Pakistan (Hight 196 feet 8 inches)
Four minarets of Shah Faisal Mosque with a height of
286 feet each.
Muztagh Pass (Nothern Areas) height 19,030 feet
K-2 (Karakoram) height 28,269 feet
Khan Mehtarzai (height 2,221 feet)
Brandley
Nokkundi
Lahore
Mobil ink
Agriculture sector
USA
Indian Ocean
Kot Addou

Biggest export item in Pakistan

Textile (Cotton)
Highest rainfall area of Pakistan
Murree
Largest min excavated in Pakistan
Salt mines Khewra
Largest stadium of athletics of Pakistan
Islamabad
Highest population density rate in Pakistan
Islamabad
Lowest population density rate in Pakistan
Chaghi district
Largest seaport of Pakistan
Karachi
Largest radio station in Pakistan
Islamabad
Highest radio station in Pakistan
Gilgit
Longest road in Pakistan
Pakistan Highway
Largest Division of Pakistan
Kalat
Smallest Division of Pakistan
Karachi
Shortest river of Pakistan
Ravi River
Largest Canal of Pakistan
Llovd Barrage Canal
Largest Hospital in Pakistan
Nishtar Hospital
Largest mausoleum in Pakistan
Quaid-e-Azam Tomb, Karachi
Largest circulating Daily Newspaper of Pakistan
Jang
Largest circulating English Daily Newspaper of Pakistan
Daily News
Largest Nuclear power plant of Pakistan
KANUPP
OLD AND NEW NAMES OF CITIES OF PAKISTAN
NEW Name
Hyderabad
Quetta

OLD Name
Neroon Kot
Shal Kot

89
Jaccoabad
Sialkot
Attock
Faisalabad
Sahiwal
Bin Qasim
Muslim Bagh
Pakpatten
Islamabad
Karachi
Lahore
Gujranwala
Zhob
Peshawar
Swat

Khan Garh
Salwan Kot
Cambell pur
Lyallpur
Montgomery
Pepri
Hindu Bagh
Ajodhan pur
Raj Shahi
Kalanchi
Mahmood pur
Khan Pur
Fort Sanemars
Persha pur
Rowdayana

DISTINCTIVE NAMES OF CITIES OF PAKISTAN

Land of Five River
City of Colleges
City of lightening
Manchester of Pakistan
Gateway of Pakistan
Brasilia of Pakistan
Valley or city of Flowers
City of Textiles
Switzerland of Pakistan
Little Pakistan
Gateway of Invaders
Pearl of the Himalaya
Killer Mountain of the world
Salt Home of the world
Land of pure people
City of greeneries
Bread Basket of Pakistan
Queen of crops

Punjab
Lahore
Karachi
Faisalabad
Karachi
Islamabad
Peshawar
Faisalabad
Swat
Bradford
Khyber Pass
Kaghan Valley
Nanga Parbat
Pakistan
Pakistan
Islamabad
Punjab
Punjab

Important Battles in Indian History

S#

Name of the
Battle
Battle
Hydaspes

Period

Battle between

326
BC

Alexander
Porus

Kalinga War

260
BC

AshokaandKing
ofKalinga (Orissa)

Ashoka

First Battle of
or Thaneswar
Second Battle
of Paipat

1191
AD
1192

Prithviraj Chauhan
and Mohd Ghori
-do-

Prithviraj
Chauhan
Mohd.

First Battle of
Panipat
Battle
of
Kannauj
Battle
of
Kannauj
Second Battle
of Panipat
Battle
of
Talikota

1526
AD
1527
AD
1540
AD
1556
AD
156465 AD

Ibrahim Lodhi and

Babur
Babur and Rana
Sangha
Sher Shah and
Humayun
Akbar and Hemu

Babur

Muslim
forces

Battle
of
Haldighati
Battle
of
Samugarh

1576
AD
1659
AD

Combined forces of
4 Muslim rulers of
Deccan
and
Ramraja
of
Vijaynagar
Rana Pratap and
Akbar
Aurangzeb
and
Imperial forces led

5
6
7
8
9

10
11

and

Won by

Significance

Alexander

Fought on the banks of the Jhelum,

which is called Hydaspes in Greek;
opened relations between India and
the West
Vast
destruction
andbloodshed
changedthe attitude of Ashoka
andheembraced Buddhism

Estabishment of an Islamic empire in

India Onset of the Mughal Tarain
empire in India
Onset of the Mughal Empire in India

Babur
Sher Shah

Sher Shah became emperor of India

Akabr

Ended Afghan rule, strengthened

mughal rule
Destroyed HinduKingdom of the
Deccan; sealed the fortunes of
Vijaynagar empire

Akbar
Aurangzeb

Rana Pratap fought gallantly and took

refuge in a remote fortress
Aurangzeb captured the Mughal
throne

90

12

Battle
Plassey

of

1757
AD

13

Third Battle
of Panipat

1761

14

Battle
Buxar

1764
AD

15

Third Mysore
War
Fourth
Mysore War

179092 AD
1799
AD

by Dara
Siraj-ud-daula and
English
forces
under Clive
Ahmed
Shah
Abdali
and
Marathas
Joint forces of
Muslims
and
English
English forces and
Tipu Sultan
English forces and
Tipu Sultan

First
Sikh
War
Indo-Pak War

1854
AD
1948

English forces and

Sikhs
India and Pakistan

English
forces
-

19

Sino-India
War

1962

China and India

20

Indo-Pak War

1965

India and Pakistan

21

Indo-Pak War

1971

India and Pakistan

16

17
18

of

Reforms/Acts during British Period

1. Prohibition of Sati and
1829
Female infanticide
2. Doctrine of Lapse
1848

Lord William
Bentinck
Lord Dalhousie

3. Indian Legislative
Council Act
4. Elbert Bill

1861

Lord Canning

1883

Lord Ripon

5. Indian Council Act

1892

Lord Lansdown

6.Minto-Morley Reforms

1909

Lord Minto II

7. Indian Councils Act

8.Montague-Chelmsford
Reforms (Dyarchy)
9. Jallianwala Bagh
Massacre
10. Rowlatt Act

1909
1919

Lord Minto II
Lord
Chelmsford
Lord
Chelmsford
Lord
Chelmsford

11.Simon Commission

1927

Lord Irwin

12. Gandhi-Irwin Pact

1931

Lord Irwin

13. Communal Award

1932

14. Government of India

Act
15. Cripps Mission

1935
1942

Lord
Wellingdon
Lord
Wellingdon
Lord Linlithgow

16. INA Trial

1945

Lord Wavell

17. Wavell Plan

1945

Lord Wavell

18.Cabinet Mission Plan

1946

Lord Wavell

19. Indian Independence

Act

1947

Lord
Mountbatten

1919
1919

English
forces

Fought at Plassey. The English

became masters of British rule

Ahmed
Shah
Abdali
English
forces

Gave a setback to Marathas in the

north; sealed destiny of Mughal
empire and made British entry easier
Led to English occupation of India

English
forces
English
forces

Tipu Sultan had to sign treaty of the

Seringapattam
Fought at Malavali and brought the
Mohammedan dynasty of Mysore to
end
Sikh kingdom came under the British
Fought in Kashmir, ceasfire agreed to
on actual line of occupation
China invaded India on the north
eastern front. Ceasefire was agreed to
on the intervention of other countries
Fought in the western sector, led to
Tashkent Pact between India and
Pakistan; described as the heaviest
tank battle since World War II
On Dec. 3. 1971 Pakistan attacked;
India helped Mukti Bahini on the
eastern front and East Pakistan was
liberated: the state of Bangladesh was
formed.

Supported by Raja Ramous Roy

Adoption of sons by rulers in the absence of their
natural heirs was banned
Envisaged association of Indians with the
administration at higher level.
To bring Indian and European magistracy on equal
footing
Membership of the central legislative councils was
enlarged
Separate electorates to widen the gulf between
Hindus and Muslims
(See Morley-Minto reforms)
Meaning dual system of Government (See Rowlatt
act)
Massacre at Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar by
General Dyer
Extraordinary powers were given to government to
suppress the freedom struggle with General Dyer as
the Commandant
To report working of the reforms; recommended
diarchy in provinces India to be constituted as a
federation and Indianization of armed forces
Congress called off the agitation and agreed to
participate in the Second Round Table Conference
Envisaged communal representation for depressed
classes besides Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs
Provided for a federal type constitution
Proposed Dominion status for India after the Second
World War
INA prisoners of war were tried at Red Fort Delhi
and Jawaharlal Nehru defended them
Envisaged constitution of executive council in such
a way as to give representation to all major
communities in India
Envisaged establishment of Constituent Assembly to
frame the Constitution
India partitioned and attained independence